An automatic feeding device for welding

Abstract

The application discloses an automatic feeding device for welding, wherein the output shaft of the second motor is connected with a main gear, the cross beam is provided with a main rack in the axial direction, the main gear is driven to rotate along the main rack by the second motor, and the first motor is driven to move on the cross beam along the transverse guide rail; the output shaft of the first motor is connected with a secondary gear, the lifting column is provided with a secondary rack in the longitudinal direction, the secondary gear is driven to rotate along the secondary rack, and the lifting column is driven to move in the longitudinal direction; the bottom end of the lifting column is fixed with two grippers, each gripper comprises a gripper fixing support, a cylinder arranged on the fixing support, a movable clamping block connected with the cylinder through a rotating mechanism, and a fixed clamping block corresponding to the movable clamping block; the cylinder drives the movable clamping block to rotate, and the movable clamping block cooperates with the fixed clamping block to clamp or release the workpiece, so that the conveying efficiency of the workpiece is improved, the accuracy of feeding is improved, and hidden dangers are eliminated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of welding, and in particular to an automatic loading device for welding. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, manual loading is generally used when welding body sheet metal parts. During loading, employees remove workpieces from the material box and then use clamps to fix them to designated positions on the vehicle body. The disadvantages of this method are high labor intensity for employees, low conveying efficiency, and inability to meet the requirements of automated production lines. Furthermore, since automated production lines mostly use automated equipment, the personal safety of employees loading manually is not guaranteed, posing significant safety hazards. In addition, welding production lines are flexible, and when multiple vehicle models are being processed simultaneously, accurate identification of workpiece categories is required. Due to the influence of employee skill levels, manual loading makes it difficult to guarantee the accuracy of workpiece identification, easily leading to welding errors. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide an automatic loading device for welding, so as to solve the problems existing in the prior art, improve the workpiece conveying efficiency, improve the loading accuracy and eliminate potential accident hazards.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following solution: an automatic loading device for welding is provided, comprising a fixed crossbeam and a lifting column mounted on the fixed crossbeam via a moving mechanism, wherein the moving mechanism comprises a transverse guide rail arranged axially on the fixed crossbeam, a first motor slidably arranged on the transverse guide rail, and a second motor fixedly connected to the first motor;

[0005] The output shaft of the second motor is connected to a main gear, and a main rack is provided on the crossbeam along the axial direction. The second motor drives the main gear to rotate along the main rack, thereby driving the first motor to move on the crossbeam along the transverse guide rail. The output shaft of the first motor is connected to a secondary gear, and a secondary rack is provided on the lifting column along the longitudinal direction. The first motor drives the secondary gear to rotate along the secondary rack, thereby driving the lifting column to move along the longitudinal direction.

[0006] The bottom end of the lifting column is fixed with two grippers. Each gripper includes a gripper fixing bracket, a cylinder mounted on the fixing bracket, a movable clamping block connected to the cylinder via a rotating mechanism, and a fixed clamping block corresponding to the movable clamping block. The cylinder drives the movable clamping block to rotate, which cooperates with the fixed clamping block to clamp or release the vehicle parts.

[0007] Preferably, the fixed clamping block includes two upper clamping edges, and the movable clamping block includes two lower clamping edges corresponding to the upper clamping edges respectively. When the vehicle part is not gripped, the cylinder drives the lower clamping edges to open. When the vehicle part is gripped, the cylinder drives the lower clamping edges to swing upward and clamp the vehicle part together with the upper clamping edges.

[0008] Preferably, when the fixed clamping block and the movable clamping block are engaged and clamped, each of the upper clamping edges and each of the lower clamping edges are clamped together to form an annular structure, which is fitted around the vehicle part.

[0009] Preferably, the gripper fixing bracket is provided with a main metal sensor, which is located in the annular structure for identifying the vehicle part. When the main metal sensor detects the vehicle part, the cylinder drives the lower clamping side to rotate and clamp the vehicle part with the upper clamping side.

[0010] Preferably, the system includes a vertical lifting mechanism for fixing and guiding the lifting column. The lifting column is provided with an upward baffle and a downward baffle. On one side of the vertical lifting mechanism, an upward deceleration sensor, an upward positioning sensor, and an upward overtravel sensor are sequentially provided vertically upward for sensing the upward baffle. On the other side of the vertical lifting mechanism, a downward deceleration sensor, a downward positioning sensor, and a downward overtravel sensor are sequentially provided vertically downward for sensing the downward baffle.

[0011] Preferably, the vertical lifting mechanism is provided with an upward buffer and a downward buffer corresponding to the lifting column. When the lifting column rises and approaches the top, the lifting column abuts against the upward buffer. When the lifting column descends and the gripper approaches the vehicle part, the lifting column abuts against the downward buffer, which respectively serves to buffer the lifting column.

[0012] Preferably, the lifting column is provided with a scale, and the vertical lifting mechanism is provided with a pointer corresponding to the scale. The first motor drives the secondary gear to rotate according to the position of the pointer on the scale, for precise adjustment of the lifting column.

[0013] Preferably, the lower side of the lifting column is provided with a vehicle part placement platform, the vehicle part placement platform is provided with a support block for supporting the vehicle part, a guide strip for guiding the vehicle part when it is placed, a positioning pin for positioning the vehicle part, and a secondary metal sensor for sensing that the vehicle part is placed in place, and the top of the support block is provided with a step for placing the vehicle part.

[0014] Preferably, the vertical lifting mechanism is provided with a horizontal baffle, and the crossbeam is provided with a forward deceleration sensor, a forward positioning sensor, and a forward overtravel sensor in sequence along the horizontal forward direction of the vertical lifting mechanism. The crossbeam is provided with a backward deceleration sensor, a backward positioning sensor, and a backward overtravel sensor in sequence along the horizontal backward direction of the vertical lifting mechanism. The crossbeam is provided with a horizontal buffer adapted to the vertical lifting mechanism, and the horizontal buffer is used to buffer the speed of the vertical lifting mechanism's horizontal forward and backward movement.

[0015] Preferably, the vertical lifting mechanism is provided with a pin hole and a safety pin that is interference-fitted with the pin hole, and the crossbeam is provided with a limit sensor. When the automatic loading device is not running, the safety pin is interference-fitted into the pin hole in the vertical lifting mechanism. When the automatic loading device is running, the safety pin covers the limit sensor.

[0016] The present invention achieves the following technical effects compared to the prior art:

[0017] 1. This invention utilizes a cylinder to control a gripper to clamp the workpiece, a vertical lifting mechanism to raise the workpiece to a certain height, a horizontal traversing device to transport the workpiece to the top of the worktable, and then a vertical lifting mechanism to lower the workpiece and place it on the workpiece placement table. The gripper opens, the automatic welding loading device resets, and one cycle is completed.

[0018] 2. All actions of this device can be completed automatically according to the program, realizing the automation of the body welding process, greatly improving work efficiency, eliminating the adverse effects of human factors on the loading of parts, ensuring the quality of body welding, and avoiding the accident hazards caused by manual loading. Attached Figure Description

[0019] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2-6 This is a partial schematic diagram of the main body of the conveying system of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 7-8 This is a partial schematic diagram of the gripper of the present invention;

[0023] Among them, 1. First motor, 2. Secondary gear, 3. Secondary rack, 4. Main rack, 5. Descending deceleration sensor, 6. Scale, 7. Pointer, 8. Descending position sensor, 9. Descending stop, 10. Descending overtravel sensor, 11. Main ascending position sensor, 12. Ascending deceleration sensor, 13. Secondary ascending position sensor, 14. Ascending overtravel sensor, 15. Horizontal buffer, 16. Secondary motor, 17. Safety pin, 18. Limit sensor, 19. Main gear, 20. Cylinder, 21. Gripper, 22. Ascending buffer, 23. Secondary... 24. Main rising baffle, 25. Reverse deceleration sensor, 26. Reverse positioning sensor, 27. Horizontal baffle, 28. Reverse overtravel sensor, 29. Forward overtravel sensor, 30. Forward positioning sensor, 31. Forward deceleration sensor, 32. Lowering buffer, 33. Support block, 34. Secondary metal sensor, 35. Guide bar, 36. First positioning pin, 37. Main metal sensor, 38. Fixed clamping block, 39. Second positioning pin, 40. Crossbeam, 41. Lifting column, 42. Movable clamping block, 43. Parts placement platform. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0025] The present invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide an automatic loading device for welding, so as to solve the problems existing in the prior art, improve the workpiece conveying efficiency, improve the loading accuracy and eliminate potential accident hazards.

[0026] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0027] like Figure 1-8As shown, an automatic loading device for welding is provided, including a fixed crossbeam and a lifting column mounted on the fixed crossbeam via a moving mechanism. The moving mechanism includes a transverse guide rail axially mounted on the fixed crossbeam, a first motor slidably mounted on the transverse guide rail, and a second motor fixedly connected to the first motor. The output shaft of the second motor is connected to a main gear, and a main rack is provided on the crossbeam axially. The second motor drives the main gear to rotate along the main rack, thereby driving the first motor to move along the transverse guide rail on the crossbeam. The output shaft of the first motor is connected to a secondary gear, and a secondary rack is provided on the lifting column longitudinally. The first motor drives the secondary gear to rotate along the secondary rack, thereby driving the lifting column to move longitudinally. Two grippers are fixed at the bottom of the lifting column. Each gripper includes a gripper fixing bracket, a cylinder mounted on the fixing bracket, a movable clamping block connected to the cylinder via a rotating mechanism, and a fixed clamping block corresponding to the movable clamping block. The cylinder drives the movable clamping block to rotate, which cooperates with the fixed clamping block to clamp or release the workpiece.

[0028] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the fixed clamping block includes two upper clamping edges, and the movable clamping block includes two lower clamping edges corresponding to the upper clamping edges respectively. When the vehicle part is not gripped, the cylinder drives the lower clamping edges to open. When the vehicle part is gripped, the cylinder drives the lower clamping edges to swing upward and clamp the vehicle part together with the upper clamping edges. When the fixed clamping block and the movable clamping block are engaged, each upper clamping edge and each lower clamping edge clamps accordingly and forms a ring structure, which surrounds the vehicle part. A metal sensor is provided on the gripper fixing bracket. The metal sensor is located in the ring structure and is used to identify the vehicle part. When the metal sensor detects the vehicle part, the cylinder drives the lower clamping edges to rotate and clamp the vehicle part with the upper clamping edges. The system includes features for fixing... The vertical lifting mechanism of the guide column includes an upward baffle and a downward baffle on the column. On one side of the vertical lifting mechanism, a rising deceleration sensor, a rising position sensor, and a rising overtravel sensor are sequentially arranged vertically upwards to sense the rising baffle. On the other side of the vertical lifting mechanism, a falling deceleration sensor, a falling position sensor, and a falling overtravel sensor are sequentially arranged vertically downwards to sense the falling baffle. The vertical lifting mechanism also includes a rising buffer and a falling buffer corresponding to the column. When the column rises near its top, it abuts against the rising buffer; when the column falls and the gripper approaches the vehicle part, it abuts against the falling buffer, thus providing a buffering effect on the column. Preferably, a first positioning pin is provided between the upper and lower clamping sides for precise alignment between them.

[0029] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the lifting column is equipped with a scale, and the vertical lifting mechanism is equipped with a pointer corresponding to the scale. A first motor drives a secondary gear to rotate according to the position of the pointer on the scale, for precise adjustment of the lifting column. A workpiece placement platform is provided on the lower side of the lifting column. The platform includes a support block for carrying the workpiece, a guide strip for guiding the workpiece during placement, a second positioning pin for positioning the workpiece, and a secondary metal sensor for sensing that the workpiece is in place. A step is provided on the top of the support block for placing the workpiece. A horizontal baffle is provided on the vertical lifting mechanism. Along the horizontal forward direction of the vertical lifting mechanism, the crossbeam is equipped with a forward deceleration sensor, a forward positioning sensor, and a forward overtravel sensor in sequence. Along the horizontal backward direction of the vertical lifting mechanism, the crossbeam is equipped with a backward deceleration sensor, a backward positioning sensor, and a backward overtravel sensor in sequence. The vertical lifting mechanism is equipped with a pin hole and a safety pin that is interference-fitted with the pin hole. The crossbeam is equipped with a limit sensor. When the automatic loading device is not running, the safety pin is interference-fitted into the pin hole in the vertical lifting mechanism. When the automatic loading device is running, the safety pin blocks the limit sensor.

[0030] In another embodiment of the present invention, the first motor and the second motor are fixed together by a connector. A rack is provided on the crossbeam 40. The second motor 16, the first motor 1, and the lifting column 41 can move as a whole on the crossbeam. The figure also shows a drag chain, i.e. a tank chain, which are common devices and will not be described.

[0031] The first motor 1 is mounted on the crossbeam 40 and can move along the crossbeam 40 without vertical movement. A rack is mounted on the lifting column 41, and two grippers are fixedly connected to its lower part. The first motor 1 drives the secondary gear 2 and the secondary rack 3, causing the secondary rack 3 and the entire vertical lifting mechanism to descend to a set height. A cylinder 20, a fixed clamping block 38, and a main metal sensor 37 are fixed to the grippers. The cylinder 20 can drive the lower movable clamping block 42 to rotate. Rotating a cylinder is common practice, and there are many methods, such as...

[0032] The movable clamping block 42 cooperates with the fixed clamping block 38 to clamp or release the workpiece. There are two fixed clamping blocks 38, which are fixed below the gripper 21. When the cylinder 20 is not gripping the workpiece, it is in the open state. When the workpiece is being removed, the cylinder drives the gripper to descend to the correct position, and the movable clamping block 42 and the fixed clamping block 38 clamp the workpiece. The auxiliary metal sensor 37 is used to detect whether the workpiece is placed.

[0033] The descent baffle 9 is installed on the vertical lifting mechanism, and its position is determined according to the actual situation. During the descent, the descent deceleration sensor 5 senses the descent baffle 9 as a deceleration signal, and the descent arrival sensor 8 senses the descent baffle 9 as an arrival signal, indicating that the set height has been reached. The descent overtravel sensor 10 senses the descent baffle 9 as an overtravel signal. The sensor is also fixed. The descent buffer 32 plays a buffering and protection role, and its accuracy is adjusted according to the scale 6 and the pointer 7.

[0034] The workpiece placement platform 43 is fixed and used solely for placing workpieces. It includes a support block 33, various switch brackets, guide bars 35, and a second positioning pin 39. The workpiece is placed on the step at the top of the support block 33. A secondary metal sensor 34 detects whether the workpiece is properly placed, the guide bars 35 guide the workpiece during placement, and the second positioning pin 39 ensures precise positioning. The positions of the support block 33, sensor switches, positioning pins, and other components can be adjusted according to the shape of the workpiece. Figure 7 This refers to the state when the machined parts are clamped. Figure 8 No parts are clamped.

[0035] After the gripper clamps the workpiece, the motor drives the gear and rack to rise to the set height. The lifting deceleration sensor 12 is fixed at the fixed part of the vertical lifting mechanism. It does not rise or fall with the lifting column. The second baffle 23 is fixed on the lifting column. It rises or falls with the lifting column and is a deceleration signal. The auxiliary lifting position sensor 13 senses the auxiliary lifting baffle 23 and is a position signal. The main lifting position sensor 11 senses the main lifting baffle 24 and is a position signal. The lifting overtravel sensor 14 senses the auxiliary lifting baffle 23 and is an overtravel signal. The lifting buffer 22 plays a buffering and protection role.

[0036] Once the workpiece reaches the set height, the second motor 16 drives the main gear 19 and the main rack 4, causing the vertical lifting mechanism to move along the path set by the horizontal traversing mechanism to the worktable and lower the workpiece. The forward deceleration sensor 31 senses the horizontal baffle 27, which is fixed to the fixed component of the traversing mechanism and moves accordingly. A switch fixed to the crossbeam provides a deceleration signal when stationary; a forward positioning sensor 30 senses the horizontal baffle 27 as a positioning signal; and a forward overtravel sensor 29 senses the horizontal baffle 27 as an overtravel signal.

[0037] After the workpiece is lowered, the vertical lifting mechanism returns, completing one work cycle. The reverse deceleration sensor 25 detects the horizontal baffle 27 as a deceleration signal; the reverse end sensor 26 detects the horizontal baffle 27 as an end signal; and the reverse overtravel sensor 28 detects the horizontal baffle 27 as an overtravel signal. The horizontal buffer 15 provides buffering protection. The sensor positions are fixed, although adjustable, and are commonly used in industrial settings for device operation control.

[0038] When the equipment is not running, the safety pin 17 is inserted into the pin hole in the vertical lifting mechanism with an interference fit. When running, it is pulled out from the vertical lifting mechanism and inserted into the horizontal moving mechanism to block the limit sensor 18. At this time, it is in the working state.

[0039] Any adaptive changes made according to actual needs are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0040] Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this invention. The descriptions of the above embodiments are only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of this invention. Furthermore, those skilled in the art will recognize that, based on the ideas of this invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of this invention.

Claims

1. An automatic loading device for welding, characterized in that, It includes a fixed crossbeam and a lifting column mounted on the fixed crossbeam via a moving mechanism. The moving mechanism includes a transverse guide rail arranged axially on the fixed crossbeam, a first motor slidably arranged on the transverse guide rail, and a second motor fixedly connected to the first motor. The output shaft of the second motor is connected to a main gear, and a main rack is provided on the crossbeam along the axial direction. The second motor drives the main gear to rotate along the main rack, thereby driving the first motor to move on the crossbeam along the transverse guide rail. The output shaft of the first motor is connected to a secondary gear, and a secondary rack is provided on the lifting column along the longitudinal direction. The first motor drives the secondary gear to rotate along the secondary rack, thereby driving the lifting column to move along the longitudinal direction. The bottom end of the lifting column is fixed with two grippers. Each gripper includes a gripper fixing bracket, a cylinder mounted on the fixing bracket, a movable clamping block connected to the cylinder via a rotating mechanism, and a fixed clamping block corresponding to the movable clamping block. The cylinder drives the movable clamping block to rotate, which cooperates with the fixed clamping block to clamp or release the vehicle parts. The fixed clamping block includes two upper clamping edges, and the movable clamping block includes two lower clamping edges corresponding to the upper clamping edges respectively. When the vehicle part is not gripped, the cylinder drives the lower clamping edges to open. When the vehicle part is gripped, the cylinder drives the lower clamping edges to swing upward and clamp the vehicle part together with the upper clamping edges. When the fixed clamping block and the movable clamping block are clamped together, each of the upper clamping edges and each of the lower clamping edges are clamped together and form a ring structure, which is fitted around the vehicle part. The gripper fixing bracket is equipped with a main metal sensor, which is located in the annular structure for identifying the vehicle part. When the main metal sensor detects the vehicle part, the cylinder drives the lower clamping side to rotate and clamp the vehicle part with the upper clamping side. It also includes a vertical lifting mechanism for fixing and guiding the lifting column. The lifting column is provided with an upward baffle and a downward baffle. On one side of the vertical lifting mechanism, an upward deceleration sensor, an upward positioning sensor, and an upward overtravel sensor are arranged vertically upward in sequence for sensing the upward baffle. On the other side of the vertical lifting mechanism, a downward deceleration sensor, a downward positioning sensor, and a downward overtravel sensor are arranged vertically downward in sequence for sensing the downward baffle. The vertical lifting mechanism is equipped with an upward buffer and a downward buffer corresponding to the lifting column. When the lifting column rises and approaches the top, the lifting column abuts against the upward buffer. When the lifting column descends and the gripper approaches the vehicle part, the lifting column abuts against the downward buffer, which respectively serves to buffer the lifting column. The lifting column is equipped with a scale, and the vertical lifting mechanism is equipped with a pointer corresponding to the scale. The first motor drives the secondary gear to rotate according to the position of the pointer on the scale, which is used for precise adjustment of the lifting column. The descent baffle is set on the vertical lifting mechanism. During the descent, the descent deceleration sensor senses the descent baffle as a deceleration signal, the descent completion sensor senses the descent baffle as a completion signal, indicating that the set height has been reached, and the descent overtravel sensor senses the descent baffle as an overtravel signal.

2. The automatic loading device for welding according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lower side of the lifting column is provided with a vehicle part placement platform. The vehicle part placement platform is provided with a support block for supporting the vehicle part, a guide strip for guiding the vehicle part when it is placed, a positioning pin for positioning the vehicle part, and a secondary metal sensor for sensing that the vehicle part is placed in place. The top of the support block is provided with a step for placing the vehicle part.

3. The automatic loading device for welding according to claim 2, characterized in that, The vertical lifting mechanism is equipped with a horizontal baffle, and the crossbeam is provided with a forward deceleration sensor, a forward positioning sensor, and a forward overtravel sensor in sequence along the horizontal forward direction of the vertical lifting mechanism. The crossbeam is also provided with a backward deceleration sensor, a backward positioning sensor, and a backward overtravel sensor in sequence along the horizontal backward direction of the vertical lifting mechanism. The crossbeam is equipped with a horizontal buffer adapted to the vertical lifting mechanism, which is used to buffer the speed of the vertical lifting mechanism's horizontal forward and backward movement.

4. The automatic loading device for welding according to claim 3, characterized in that, The vertical lifting mechanism is provided with a pin hole and a safety pin that is interference-fitted with the pin hole. The crossbeam is provided with a limit sensor. When the automatic loading device is not running, the safety pin is interference-fitted into the pin hole in the vertical lifting mechanism. When the automatic loading device is running, the safety pin covers the limit sensor.

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