Composite template for preparing high molecular polymer film, method for preparing high molecular polymer film and friction generator containing the film

Abstract

The present invention provides a composite template for preparing a polymer film, comprising a stacked rigid template and a flexible template; wherein one surface of the rigid template has a first preset pattern structure, and one surface of the flexible template has a second preset pattern structure; and the flexible template has a first through-hole array structure at a position corresponding to the first preset pattern structure on the surface of the rigid template. The present invention also provides a method for preparing a polymer film, comprising: coating a polymer slurry on the composite template; performing a curing treatment; and removing the polymer film from the composite template to obtain the polymer film. The present invention also provides a triboelectric generator comprising the film. The composite template and preparation method provided by the present invention overcome the technical drawbacks of rigid templates, such as the difficulty in achieving micro- and nano-scale processing and the difficulty in forming films from rigid templates.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of polymer material processing, and in particular to a composite template for preparing a high molecular polymer film, a method for preparing the high molecular polymer film, and a friction generator comprising the film. Background Art

[0002] Currently, the surface microstructure of polymer films (e.g., polydimethylsiloxane films) used in triboelectric generators is generally prepared using a template method, which has wide applicability. However, the current production process for preparing polymer films for triboelectric generators using the template method has the following main drawbacks:

[0003] (1) The templates used are usually made of rigid materials such as metal, alloy or organic glass. These templates can achieve large-scale surface pattern processing (such as 2mm diameter and 1mm height bumps) through machining processes, but it is difficult to process micron or nanometer-scale pattern structures. Therefore, it is difficult to prepare polymer films containing micron or nanometer-scale pattern structures.

[0004] (2) Silicon templates can achieve micron or nanometer-level graphic structure processing, but the processing cost is high, and the cost of the silicon template itself is also relatively high;

[0005] (3) After the rigid template is used to coat the polymer slurry and degassing and curing is completed, it will be difficult to peel off the rigid template, especially the large-area polymer film is easy to tear during the peeling process. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of the defects of the prior art, the present invention provides a composite template for preparing a polymer film; the present invention also provides a method for preparing a polymer film using the composite template; the present invention also provides a friction generator comprising the film.

[0007] In the first aspect, the present invention provides a composite template for preparing a polymer film, comprising: a rigid template and a flexible template arranged in a stacked manner; wherein, one side surface of the rigid template has a first preset graphic structure, and one side surface of the flexible template has a second preset graphic structure, and the flexible template is provided with a first through-hole array structure at a position corresponding to the first preset graphic structure on one side surface of the rigid template.

[0008] Furthermore, the first preset graphic structure on the surface of one side of the rigid template is a millimeter-scale structure, and the second preset graphic structure on the surface of one side of the flexible template is a micrometer-scale or nanometer-scale structure.

[0009] Furthermore, the first preset graphic structure is a concave hole array structure or a convex point array structure, and any through hole in the first through hole array structure is arranged correspondingly to any concave hole in the concave hole array structure, or any through hole in the first through hole array structure is arranged correspondingly to any convex point in the convex point array structure, so that the flexible template covers the area other than the concave holes or convex points on the surface of one side of the rigid template.

[0010] Furthermore, the second preset graphic structure is a natural microstructure on the surface of the flexible template.

[0011] Furthermore, the rigid template is a glass template, an inorganic silicon template, a quartz template, a sapphire template or a metal template.

[0012] Furthermore, the flexible template is paper, textile cloth or porous polymer film; further, the porous polymer film is a porous polytetrafluoroethylene film or a porous polypropylene film.

[0013] Furthermore, the flexible template is attached to the rigid template via double-sided adhesive tape, and a second through-hole array structure is provided on the double-sided adhesive tape at a position corresponding to the first preset graphic structure on one side surface of the rigid template.

[0014] Furthermore, the thickness of the flexible template ranges from 0 to 3 mm, preferably from 5 to 100 μm.

[0015] Furthermore, the rigid template and the flexible template have the same shape and size.

[0016] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a method for preparing a polymer film, comprising the following steps:

[0017] Step S101: mixing and stirring the polymer slurry uniformly;

[0018] Step S102: coating the uniformly mixed polymer slurry on the composite template for preparing a polymer film provided by the first aspect of the present invention;

[0019] Step S103: curing process;

[0020] Step S104: peeling the high molecular polymer film from the composite template to obtain the high molecular polymer film.

[0021] In a third aspect, the present invention provides a friction generator comprising a first electrode layer, a first high molecular polymer insulating layer, and a second electrode layer arranged in layers; or comprising a first electrode layer, a first high molecular polymer insulating layer, a second high molecular polymer insulating layer, and a second electrode layer arranged in layers; or comprising a first electrode layer, a first high molecular polymer insulating layer, an intermediate electrode layer, a second high molecular polymer insulating layer, and a second electrode layer arranged in layers; or comprising a first electrode layer, a first high molecular polymer insulating layer, an intermediate film layer, a second high molecular polymer insulating layer, and a second electrode layer arranged in layers;

[0022] Wherein, the first high molecular polymer insulating layer, and / or the second high molecular polymer insulating layer, and / or the intermediate film layer are composed of the high molecular polymer film obtained by the above preparation method.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution of the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0024] (1) The present invention provides a composite template for preparing a polymer film, the surface of which has both millimeter-scale graphic structures and micrometer- or nanometer-scale graphic structures, thereby solving the technical problem that rigid templates are difficult to achieve micro- and nanometer-scale processing or have high processing costs.

[0025] (2) The composite template provided by the present invention is used to prepare a polymer film. When the film is formed, the polymer film is first separated from the rigid template together with the flexible template, and then the polymer film is separated from the flexible template. Therefore, the polymer film is not easy to tear, the film is formed more easily, the time consumption is significantly shortened, and the film forming efficiency is improved.

[0026] (3) The method for preparing a high molecular polymer film provided by the present invention solves the problem that the slurry is difficult to penetrate into the template graphic structure during coating by using a low-temperature static technology, and does not require the use of vacuum equipment, thereby simplifying the process.

[0027] (4) The method for preparing a polymer film provided by the present invention can prepare a film having both a millimeter-scale graphic structure and a micrometer-scale or nanometer-scale graphic structure, and the triboelectric generator containing the polymer film has significantly improved triboelectric power generation performance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of a composite template for preparing a polymer film provided by the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the rigid template provided by the present invention;

[0030] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the flexible template provided by the present invention;

[0031] Figure 4 This is a process flow chart of a method for preparing a high molecular polymer film provided by the present invention;

[0032] Figure 5 It is a schematic structural diagram of a composite template coated with a high molecular polymer slurry provided by the present invention;

[0033] Figure 6 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a friction generator according to a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 7a and Figure 7b is the output current signal diagram of the friction generator, where Figure 7a This is a diagram of the output current signal of the friction generator using the high molecular polymer film of the present invention. Figure 7b 1 is a diagram of the output current signal of a friction generator that does not use the high molecular polymer film of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] In order to fully understand the purpose, features and effects of the present invention, the present invention is described in detail through the following specific embodiments.

[0036] The existing production technology for preparing polymer membranes using the template method mainly has the following technical problems: rigid templates are difficult to achieve micron or nanometer level processing or the processing cost is high, and rigid templates are difficult to form membranes.

[0037] In the first aspect, the present invention provides a composite template for preparing a polymer film, comprising: a rigid template and a flexible template arranged in a stacked manner; wherein one side surface of the rigid template has a first preset graphic structure, one side surface of the flexible template has a second preset graphic structure, and the flexible template has a first through-hole array structure at a position corresponding to the first preset graphic structure on one side surface of the rigid template. Figure 1-Figure 3 A composite template for preparing a polymer membrane according to an embodiment of the present invention is described in detail.

[0038] Figure 1 The cross-sectional structure diagram of a composite template for preparing a polymer film provided by the present invention. Figure 1As shown, the composite template includes a rigid template 10 and a flexible template 20 attached to one side of the rigid template 10. One side of the rigid template 10, i.e., the surface adjacent to the flexible template 20, has a first preset pattern structure 101. One side of the flexible template 20 has a second preset pattern structure 201. A first through-hole array structure 202 is provided on the flexible template 20 corresponding to the first preset pattern structure 101 on the side of the rigid template 10. This composite template arrangement allows for the simultaneous production of polymer films having both the first preset pattern structure 101 and the second preset pattern structure 201 on the surface.

[0039] Furthermore, the flexible template 20 is attached to the rigid template 10 via a double-sided adhesive tape 30. Of course, those skilled in the art can select other adhesives as needed, which is not limited here.

[0040] Furthermore, the shape of the composite template is a cuboid. Of course, those skilled in the art can select other template shapes as needed, such as a cube or a disk, which is not limited here.

[0041] Figure 2 It is a structural diagram of the rigid template 10. Figure 2 As shown, a first preset graphic structure 101 is provided on one side surface of the rigid template 10. The first preset graphic structure 101 is a millimeter-level structure. Since the millimeter-level structure is large in size and easier to process, it can be realized by a low-cost mechanical processing process. Of course, it can also be realized by other processing methods, which are not limited here. The first preset graphic structure 101 can be a concave hole array structure or a convex point array structure. Any through hole in the first through hole array structure 202 is arranged correspondingly to any concave hole in the concave hole array structure, or any through hole in the first through hole array structure 202 is arranged correspondingly to any convex point in the convex point array structure, so that the flexible template 20 covers the area other than the concave holes or convex points on one side surface of the rigid template 10. In the embodiment of the present invention, a concave hole array structure is preferably used, for example: Figure 2 The rigid template 10 shown has a concave hole array structure on one side. The concave holes are millimeter-scale structures, i.e., the depth and diameter of the concave holes are both millimeter-scale. This concave hole array structure can be used to form a millimeter-scale convex dot array structure on one side of the polymer film. In addition, the present invention does not limit the number, position, and shape of the concave holes or convex dots. Those skilled in the art can select them as needed and are not limited here.

[0042] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the structure of the flexible template 20. Figure 3As shown, a second predetermined pattern structure 201 is provided on one side of the flexible template 20. This second predetermined pattern structure 201 is a micro- or nano-scale structure. This second predetermined pattern structure 201 can be derived from a natural microstructure on the surface of the flexible template 20, such as a micropore or nanopore structure, or a fiber structure. This micropore or nanopore structure, or fiber structure, can replicate a micro- or nano-structure on one side of the polymer film. The flexible template 20 provided by the present invention does not require micro- or nano-structure processing, simplifying the process and reducing production costs.

[0043] The flexible template 20 is provided with a first through-hole array structure 202. Specifically, the first through-hole array structure 202 can be obtained by clipping or cutting. The position, size, and shape of the first through-hole array structure 202 are determined based on the first preset pattern structure 101 on the rigid template 10. In other words, the first preset pattern structure 101 on one side of the rigid template 10 is exposed by the first through-hole array structure 202 on the flexible template 20, while the portion of the rigid template 10 surface not processed with the first preset pattern structure 101 is covered by the flexible template 20. When this composite template is used to prepare a polymer film, the surface of the polymer film can simultaneously replicate the first preset pattern structure 101 of the rigid template 10 and the second preset pattern structure 201 of the flexible template 20.

[0044] Optionally, the rigid template 10 is a glass template, an inorganic silicon template, a quartz template, a sapphire template or a metal template; wherein the metal template can be a gold template, a silver template, a platinum template, a palladium template, an aluminum template, a nickel template, a copper template, a titanium template, a chromium template, a selenium template, an iron template, a manganese template, a molybdenum template, a tungsten template, a vanadium template, an aluminum alloy template, a titanium alloy template, a magnesium alloy template, a beryllium alloy template, a copper alloy template, a zinc alloy template, a manganese alloy template, a nickel alloy template, a lead alloy template, a tin alloy template, a cadmium alloy template, a bismuth alloy template, an indium alloy template, a gallium alloy template, a tungsten alloy template, a molybdenum alloy template, a niobium alloy template, a tantalum alloy template or a stainless steel template.

[0045] Optionally, the flexible template 20 is made of paper, textile fabric, porous polymer film, spun-fiber polymer film, polymer film with nanoscale surface roughness, inorganic insulator-polymer composite film, metal-polymer composite film, or semiconductor or semiconductor oxide-polymer composite film. For example, paper can be printing paper or dust-free paper; textile fabric can be cotton, silk, or non-woven fabric; and the porous polymer film can be porous polytetrafluoroethylene film, porous polypropylene film, porous cellulose film, porous polyester film, porous polyvinylidene fluoride film, or porous vinyl fluoride film. In some embodiments of the present invention, the flexible template 20 is preferably paper. This is because paper is not only relatively low-cost as a flexible template, but also produces polymer films with micro-nanopores on their surfaces. When used in a triboelectric generator, this polymer film can significantly improve the electrical performance of the triboelectric generator.

[0046] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the rigid template 10 and the flexible template 20 have the same shape and size and are fitted together.

[0047] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the double-sided adhesive tape 30 is preferably a double-sided adhesive tape with an anti-stretching substrate, which is convenient for separation from the rigid template 10. Figure 1 As shown, the double-sided adhesive tape 30 is the same size as the flexible template 20 and is provided with a second through-hole array structure 301 corresponding to the position of the first predetermined pattern structure 101 on one side of the rigid template 10. The double-sided adhesive tape 30 and the flexible template 20 are affixed together to the surface of the rigid template 10. The rigid template 10, double-sided adhesive tape 30, and flexible template 20 are aligned and overlapped. The first through-hole array structure 202 and the second through-hole array structure 301 correspond to the positions of the first predetermined pattern structure 101 on the rigid template 10, thus exposing the first predetermined pattern structure 101 on one side of the rigid template 10.

[0048] It should be noted that in the present invention, in order not to affect the preparation of large-scale graphic structures on the surface of the polymer film, the thickness of the flexible template 20 is controlled in the range of 0 to 3 mm, preferably 5 to 100 μm; in addition, the double-sided self-adhesive adhesive 30 is also preferably a double-sided self-adhesive adhesive with a smaller thickness.

[0049] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a method for preparing a polymer film, comprising the following steps:

[0050] Step S101: mixing and stirring the polymer slurry uniformly;

[0051] Step S102: coating the uniformly mixed polymer slurry on the composite template for preparing the polymer film provided by the first aspect of the present invention;

[0052] Step S103: curing process;

[0053] Step S104: peeling the high molecular polymer film from the composite template to obtain the high molecular polymer film.

[0054] The preparation method provided by the present invention has no requirements on the type of high molecular polymer slurry. Any slurry that can be used to prepare a high molecular polymer film used in a friction generator is applicable to this preparation method.

[0055] In order to facilitate the description of the preparation method, the following description is made using polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) as the polymer slurry. The polydimethylsiloxane used in the present invention can be purchased commercially, for example, the product model Sylgard 184 produced by Dow Corning Company in the United States. The preparation process of polydimethylsiloxane membrane is as follows: Figure 4 As shown, the following steps are included:

[0056] In the first step, the polydimethylsiloxane slurry is mixed at room temperature and pressure or low temperature and pressure, and is stirred evenly by mechanical or manual stirring.

[0057] In the second step, the polydimethylsiloxane slurry is evenly spread in a strip along one side of the composite template. The specific amount of polydimethylsiloxane slurry to be applied needs to be determined based on the film thickness. The scraper is placed flat on the composite template with the scraper located outside the polymer slurry. The scraper is pushed forward at a uniform and slow speed to apply the film on the surface of the composite template.

[0058] Before the polydimethylsiloxane slurry is coated, the uniformly mixed polydimethylsiloxane slurry can be allowed to stand in a low-temperature environment. Specifically, the standing temperature in the low-temperature environment is not higher than 10°C, preferably 5°C; the standing time in the low-temperature environment is not less than 0.5h, preferably 2h. During this process, the polydimethylsiloxane slurry is in a low-temperature environment, and the thixotropy of the polydimethylsiloxane slurry is low, and it is in a fluid state. After the coating is completed, the polydimethylsiloxane slurry will penetrate into the first preset graphic structure of the composite template by itself, such as into the concave holes of the composite template.

[0059] Alternatively, after the polydimethylsiloxane slurry is coated on the composite template, the composite template is transferred to an environment with a temperature not higher than 10°C and allowed to stand for more than 0.5 hours. At this time, the polydimethylsiloxane slurry has a low thixotropy and is in a fluid state. It will penetrate into the preset graphic structure of the composite template, such as into the concave holes of the composite template. The polydimethylsiloxane slurry is self-leveling and becomes a polydimethylsiloxane film with a uniform texture. Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure after polydimethylsiloxane slurry is coated on the composite template.

[0060] Alternatively, the polydimethylsiloxane slurry is placed in a low temperature environment for a certain period of time before and after coating on the composite template. The polydimethylsiloxane slurry is in a fluid state and will penetrate into the preset graphic structure of the composite template by itself.

[0061] The low-temperature standing method of the present invention is suitable for the preparation of organosilicon polymer films, such as the above-mentioned polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS). Since this type of polymer slurry has high thixotropy itself, a cross-linking reaction will begin to occur after mixing at room temperature, and its kinematic viscosity will gradually increase. Therefore, the coating needs to be completed within a specific time range, otherwise it will solidify and will not be able to penetrate into the template graphic structure. Low temperature conditions can inhibit the cross-linking reaction of organosilicon polymer slurry. At this time, the thixotropy of the polymer slurry is low, the polymer slurry is in a flowing state, and has good permeability. The low-temperature standing method adopted in the present invention solves the problem of polymer slurry penetrating the template surface. Compared with traditional vacuum extraction technology, the low-temperature standing method has a simple process and low cost, and is suitable for large-scale industrial production.

[0062] Of course, the present invention may also optionally utilize vacuum degassing technology, whereby the pressure differential between the polymer slurry, the composite template, and the air inside and outside the composite template causes the polymer slurry to penetrate into the predetermined pattern structure of the composite template. Specifically, after the polymer slurry is coated on the composite template, the composite template coated with the polymer slurry is placed in a vacuum drying oven and vacuumed (e.g., for approximately 20-40 minutes) to allow the slurry to penetrate into the predetermined pattern structure on one surface of the composite template. The vacuum degassing method is not specific to the type of polymer slurry; any slurry that can be used to prepare a polymer film for use in a triboelectric generator is suitable for this preparation method.

[0063] In the third step, the composite template coated with the polydimethylsiloxane slurry is heated and cured in a constant temperature drying oven at a temperature of 50-120° C. to form a high molecular polymer film. Those skilled in the art may also choose other curing methods, which are not limited here.

[0064] In the fourth step, the flexible template and the polydimethylsiloxane film are simultaneously peeled off the rigid template, and then the polydimethylsiloxane film is peeled off the flexible template. The resulting polydimethylsiloxane film replicates both the first predetermined pattern structure on the rigid template and the second predetermined pattern structure on the flexible template. This method effectively avoids the problem of polymer film tearing when directly coating the polymer film on the rigid template.

[0065] The polymer film of the present invention can be used to prepare a triboelectric generator. The third aspect of the present invention provides a triboelectric generator using the polymer film.

[0066] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the structure of a friction generator of the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 6 As shown, the triboelectric generator includes: a first electrode layer 601, a first polymer insulating layer 602, a second polymer insulating layer 603, and a second electrode layer 604, stacked in sequence. The first polymer insulating layer 602 and the second polymer insulating layer 603 form a triboelectric interface, and the first electrode layer 601 and the second electrode layer 604 serve as the two output terminals of the triboelectric generator. At least one of the first polymer insulating layer 602 and the second polymer insulating layer 603 utilizes the polymer film of the present invention.

[0067] The above description is of a four-layer triboelectric generator. In practice, a three-layer triboelectric generator can also be prepared, i.e., the second polymer insulating layer is omitted, so that the first polymer insulating layer and the second electrode layer form a friction interface. In this case, the first polymer insulating layer comprises the polymer film of the present invention. Alternatively, an intermediate film layer can be added between the first and second polymer insulating layers to form a five-layer triboelectric generator, so that the intermediate film layer and the first polymer insulating layer and / or the intermediate film layer and the second polymer insulating layer form a friction interface. In this case, at least one of the layers forming the friction interface comprises the polymer film of the present invention. Alternatively, an intermediate electrode layer can be added between the first and second polymer insulating layers to form another five-layer triboelectric generator, so that the intermediate electrode layer and the first polymer insulating layer and / or the intermediate electrode layer and the second polymer insulating layer form a friction interface. In this case, the polymer insulating layer forming the friction interface comprises the polymer film of the present invention.

[0068] The above-mentioned friction generator has no special requirements on the materials used for the first electrode layer 601 and the second electrode layer 604. Any material that can form a conductive layer is within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0069] In the above-mentioned friction generator, at least one layer adopts the polymer film of the present invention. For other polymer insulating layers that do not adopt the polymer film of the present invention, the material used is selected from any one of polyimide film, aniline formaldehyde resin film, polyformaldehyde film, ethyl cellulose film, polyamide film, melamine formaldehyde film, polyethylene glycol succinate film, cellulose film, cellulose acetate film, polyethylene adipate film, polydiallyl phthalate film, cellulose sponge film, regenerated sponge film, polyurethane elastomer film, styrene propylene copolymer film, styrene butadiene copolymer film, artificial fiber film, polymethyl methacrylate film, polyvinyl alcohol film, polyisobutylene film, polyethylene terephthalate film, polyvinyl butyral film, formaldehyde-phenol condensation polymer film, chloroprene rubber film, butadiene propylene copolymer film, natural rubber film, polyacrylonitrile film and acrylonitrile-vinyl chloride copolymer film.

[0070] Figure 7a This is a diagram of the output current signal of the friction generator using the polymer film of the present invention. Figure 7b This graph shows the output current signal of a triboelectric generator that does not utilize the polymer membrane of the present invention. The output performance of the triboelectric generator utilizing the polymer membrane of the present invention is significantly improved, with the output current signal increasing by 65% ​​compared to a triboelectric generator that does not utilize the polymer membrane of the present invention.

[0071] Example

[0072] The following examples illustrate the implementation of the present invention. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that these examples should not be construed as limiting the scope of the claims. The materials used in the following examples are all commercially available. The apparatus used in the following examples are all conventional. Experimental methods in the following examples where specific conditions are not specified were performed according to conventional methods and conditions, or as selected from commercial product specifications.

[0073] Example 1

[0074] 1. Preparation of polymer membrane

[0075] (1) Component A and component B of the polydimethylsiloxane raw material are mixed and stirred uniformly, wherein the mass ratio of component A to component B is 1:1, to obtain a uniform polydimethylsiloxane slurry.

[0076] (2) The uniformly mixed polydimethylsiloxane slurry is placed in an environment of 5°C and allowed to stand for 2 hours to obtain a uniform polydimethylsiloxane slurry with good fluidity. The polydimethylsiloxane slurry is coated on a composite template. The rigid template in the composite template is a glass template, and the flexible template is selected from printing paper. The polydimethylsiloxane slurry penetrates into the concave pores of the glass template and the micro-nano pores of the printing paper.

[0077] (3) The composite template coated with the polydimethylsiloxane slurry is placed in a constant temperature drying oven for heating and curing at a heating temperature of 70° C. to form a polydimethylsiloxane film.

[0078] (4) First, the polydimethylsiloxane film, printing paper, and double-sided adhesive tape are peeled off from the glass template, and then the polydimethylsiloxane film is peeled off from the printing paper to obtain a polydimethylsiloxane film with large-scale protrusion structures and micro-nano structures on the surface.

[0079] 2. Preparation of triboelectric generator

[0080] The above-mentioned polydimethylsiloxane film is used as the first polymer insulating layer, a copper mesh with a thickness of 120 μm is used as the first electrode layer, polyethylene terephthalate (PET) with a thickness of 120 μm is used as the second polymer insulating layer, and a copper-nickel composite conductive cloth with a thickness of 120 μm is used as the second electrode layer; the layers are stacked in the order of the first electrode layer, the first polymer insulating layer, the second polymer insulating layer and the second electrode layer to obtain a friction generator 1#.

[0081] Example 2

[0082] 1. Preparation of polymer membrane

[0083] (1) Component A and component B of the polydimethylsiloxane raw material are mixed and stirred uniformly, wherein the mass ratio of component A to component B is 10:1, to obtain a uniform polydimethylsiloxane slurry.

[0084] (2) Polydimethylsiloxane slurry is coated on a composite template. The rigid template in the composite template is an aluminum template, and the flexible template is a non-woven fabric. The composite template coated with polydimethylsiloxane slurry is placed in an environment of 2°C and left to stand for 2.5 hours. The polydimethylsiloxane slurry in a flowing state will penetrate into the concave pores of the aluminum template and the micro-nanopores of the non-woven fabric, achieving self-leveling of the polydimethylsiloxane slurry.

[0085] (3) The composite template coated with the polydimethylsiloxane slurry is placed in a constant temperature drying oven for heating and curing at a heating temperature of 90° C. to form a polydimethylsiloxane film.

[0086] (4) First, the polydimethylsiloxane film, non-woven fabric and double-sided adhesive tape are peeled off from the aluminum template, and then the polydimethylsiloxane film is peeled off from the non-woven fabric to obtain a polydimethylsiloxane film with large-scale protrusion structures and micro-nano structures on the surface.

[0087] 2. Preparation of triboelectric generator

[0088] The above-mentioned polydimethylsiloxane film is used as the first polymer insulating layer, a copper mesh with a thickness of 120 μm is used as the first electrode layer, polyethylene terephthalate (PET) with a thickness of 120 μm is used as the second polymer insulating layer, and a copper-nickel composite conductive cloth with a thickness of 120 μm is used as the second electrode layer; the layers are stacked in the order of the first electrode layer, the first polymer insulating layer, the second polymer insulating layer and the second electrode layer to obtain a friction generator 2#.

[0089] Example 3

[0090] 1. Preparation of polymer membrane

[0091] (1) Component A and component B of the polydimethylsiloxane raw material are mixed and stirred uniformly, wherein the mass ratio of component A to component B is 1:1, to obtain a uniform polydimethylsiloxane slurry.

[0092] (2) The polydimethylsiloxane slurry is coated on the composite template, wherein the rigid template in the composite template is a stainless steel template, and the flexible template is a porous polypropylene film.

[0093] (3) The composite template coated with polydimethylsiloxane slurry is placed in a vacuum drying oven for vacuum degassing for 20-40 minutes, so that the slurry penetrates into the concave pores of the stainless steel template and the micro-nano structure of the porous polypropylene film.

[0094] (4) The composite template coated with the polydimethylsiloxane slurry is placed in a constant temperature drying oven for heating and curing at a drying temperature of 110° C. to form a polydimethylsiloxane film.

[0095] (5) First, the polydimethylsiloxane film, the porous polypropylene film, and the double-sided adhesive tape are peeled off from the stainless steel template, and then the polydimethylsiloxane film is peeled off from the porous polypropylene film to obtain a polydimethylsiloxane film with large-scale protrusion structures and micro-nano structures on the surface.

[0096] 2. Preparation of triboelectric generator

[0097] The above-mentioned polydimethylsiloxane film is used as the first polymer insulating layer, a copper mesh with a thickness of 120 μm is used as the first electrode layer, polyethylene terephthalate (PET) with a thickness of 120 μm is used as the second polymer insulating layer, and a copper-nickel composite conductive cloth with a thickness of 120 μm is used as the second electrode layer; the layers are stacked in the order of the first electrode layer, the first polymer insulating layer, the second polymer insulating layer and the second electrode layer to obtain a friction generator 3#.

Claims

1. A composite template for preparing a polymer film, characterized in that: The polymer film is used for a friction generator, and the composite template includes a rigid template and a flexible template arranged in a stacked manner; wherein the surface of the rigid template close to the flexible template has a first preset graphic structure, and the surface of the flexible template away from the rigid template has a second preset graphic structure, and the flexible template is provided with a first through-hole array structure at a position corresponding to the first preset graphic structure; the first preset graphic structure is a millimeter-scale structure, and the second preset graphic structure is a micrometer- or nanometer-scale structure; the second preset graphic structure is a natural microstructure on the surface of the flexible template; The first preset pattern structure is a concave hole array structure or a convex point array structure, and any through hole in the first through hole array structure is arranged correspondingly to any concave hole in the concave hole array structure, or any through hole in the first through hole array structure is arranged correspondingly to any convex point in the convex point array structure, so that the flexible template covers the area other than the concave holes or convex points on one side of the rigid template; The flexible template is paper, textile cloth, porous polymer film, spinning structure polymer film, surface nano-roughness polymer film, inorganic insulator and polymer composite film, metal and polymer composite film, semiconductor or semiconductor oxide and polymer composite film.

2. The composite template for preparing a polymer film according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rigid template is a glass template, an inorganic silicon template, a quartz template, a sapphire template or a metal template.

3. The composite template for preparing a polymer film according to claim 1, characterized in that: The porous polymer film is a porous polytetrafluoroethylene film, a porous polypropylene film, a porous cellulose film, a porous polyester film or a porous polyvinylidene fluoride film.

4. The composite template for preparing a polymer film according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flexible template is attached to the rigid template via a double-sided adhesive tape, and a second through-hole array structure is provided on the double-sided adhesive tape at a position corresponding to the first preset graphic structure.

5. The composite template for preparing a polymer film according to any one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that: The thickness of the flexible template is in the range of 5-100 μm.

6. The composite template for preparing a polymer film according to any one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that: The rigid template and the flexible template have the same shape and size.

7. A method for preparing a polymer film, characterized in that: include: Step S101: mixing and stirring the polymer slurry uniformly; Step S102: coating the uniformly mixed high molecular polymer slurry on the composite template according to any one of claims 1 to 6; Step S103: curing process; Step S104: peeling the high molecular polymer film from the composite template to obtain the high molecular polymer film.

8. The method for preparing a high molecular polymer film according to claim 7, characterized in that: The step S102 specifically includes: Before coating the polymer slurry, the uniformly mixed polymer slurry is allowed to stand at a low temperature; and / or, After the high molecular polymer slurry is coated, the composite template coated with the high molecular polymer slurry is left to stand in a low temperature environment, wherein the temperature in the low temperature environment is not higher than 10°C.

9. The method for preparing a high molecular polymer film according to claim 8, characterized in that: The standing time in the low temperature environment is not less than 0.5h.

10. The method for preparing a high molecular polymer film according to claim 7, wherein: After step S102 , the method further includes vacuum degassing the composite template coated with the high molecular polymer slurry.

11. The method for preparing a polymer film according to any one of claims 7 to 10, characterized in that: The step S104 specifically includes: first peeling the flexible template and the high molecular polymer film from the rigid template at the same time, and then peeling the high molecular polymer film from the flexible template.

12. The method for preparing a polymer film according to any one of claims 7 to 10, characterized in that: The high molecular polymer film is an organic silicon film.

13. A friction generator, characterized in that: The invention comprises a first electrode layer, a first high molecular polymer insulating layer, and a second electrode layer which are stacked together; or the invention comprises a first electrode layer, a first high molecular polymer insulating layer, a second high molecular polymer insulating layer, and a second electrode layer which are stacked together; or the invention comprises a first electrode layer, a first high molecular polymer insulating layer, an intermediate electrode layer, a second high molecular polymer insulating layer, and a second electrode layer which are stacked together; or the invention comprises a first electrode layer, a first high molecular polymer insulating layer, an intermediate film layer, a second high molecular polymer insulating layer, and a second electrode layer which are stacked together; Wherein, the first high molecular polymer insulating layer, and / or the second high molecular polymer insulating layer, and / or the intermediate film layer are high molecular polymer films obtained by the preparation method according to any one of claims 7 to 12.

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