An adaptive battery polarity charging circuit and charger

Abstract

This invention relates to an adaptive battery polarity charging circuit and charger. In the adaptive battery polarity charging circuit, the first electrode D1 is connected to both a first and a second switching circuit, and the second electrode D2 is connected to both a third and a fourth switching circuit. The first electrode D1 is connected to the first input terminal B1 of a polarity detection circuit, and the second electrode D2 is connected to the second input terminal B2 of the polarity detection circuit. The first output terminal B3 of the polarity detection circuit is connected to both the first and second switching circuits, and the second output terminal B4 of the polarity detection circuit is connected to both the third and fourth switching circuits. The positive output terminal of the charging chip is connected to both the first and third switching circuits, and the negative output terminal of the charging chip is connected to both the second and fourth switching circuits. This invention eliminates the need for foolproof design, allowing users to place batteries anywhere, enhancing battery versatility and improving the user experience.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of rechargeable batteries, and more specifically, to an adaptive battery polarity charging circuit and charger. Background Technology

[0002] The rechargeable batteries of mobile devices are usually removable, and the removed batteries are charged using a charger or charging cabinet. In the existing technology, in order to ensure that users connect the charging direction correctly, that is, the positive terminal of the rechargeable battery is connected to the positive output terminal of the charger, and the negative terminal of the rechargeable battery is connected to the negative terminal of the charger, both the charger and the rechargeable battery need to be designed with "foolproofing". The "foolproofing" is an unnecessary feature, which increases costs and affects the versatility of rechargeable batteries. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an adaptive battery polarity charging circuit and charger, which addresses the above-mentioned deficiencies of the prior art.

[0004] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problem is: to construct an adaptive battery polarity charging circuit, including a charging chip, a polarity detection circuit, a first switch circuit, a second switch circuit, a third switch circuit, a fourth switch circuit, a first electrode D1, and a second electrode D2.

[0005] The first electrode D1 and the second electrode D2 are used to connect the two poles of the battery. The first electrode D1 is connected to the first switch circuit and the second switch circuit, respectively, and the second electrode D2 is connected to the third switch circuit and the fourth switch circuit, respectively. The first electrode D1 is connected to the first input terminal B1 of the polarity detection circuit, and the second electrode D2 is connected to the second input terminal B2 of the polarity detection circuit. The first output terminal B3 of the polarity detection circuit is connected to the first switch circuit and the second switch circuit, respectively, and the second output terminal B4 of the polarity detection circuit is connected to the third switch circuit and the fourth switch circuit, respectively. The positive output terminal of the charging chip is connected to the first switch circuit and the third switch circuit, respectively, and the negative output terminal of the charging chip is connected to the second switch circuit and the fourth switch circuit, respectively.

[0006] The polarity detection circuit controls the on / off states of the first switching circuit, the second switching circuit, the third switching circuit, and the fourth switching circuit based on the input voltages of the first input terminal B1 and the second input terminal B2.

[0007] Furthermore, in the adaptive battery polarity charging circuit of the present invention, the polarity detection circuit includes a first judgment unit and a second judgment unit.

[0008] The first input terminal of the first judgment unit is the first input terminal B1, the second input terminal of the first judgment unit is the second input terminal B2, and the output terminal of the first judgment unit is the second output terminal B4; the output terminal of the first judgment unit is connected to the input terminal of the second judgment unit, and the output terminal of the second judgment unit is the first output terminal B3;

[0009] The first judgment unit controls the on / off state of the third switch circuit and the fourth switch circuit based on the input voltage of the first input terminal B1 and the second input terminal B2, and the second judgment unit controls the on / off state of the first switch circuit and the second switch circuit based on the output signal of the first judgment unit.

[0010] Furthermore, in the adaptive battery polarity charging circuit of the present invention, the output voltage of the second determination unit is opposite to the input voltage.

[0011] Furthermore, in the adaptive battery polarity charging circuit of the present invention, if the first input terminal B1 receives a high level and the second input terminal B2 receives a low level, then the output terminal of the first judgment unit outputs a high level and the output terminal of the second judgment unit outputs a low level.

[0012] If the first input terminal B1 receives a low level and the second input terminal B2 receives a high level, then the output terminal of the first judgment unit outputs a low level and the output terminal of the second judgment unit outputs a high level.

[0013] Furthermore, in the adaptive battery polarity charging circuit of the present invention, the first determination unit includes an operational amplifier A, a resistor R2, and a resistor R3; the second determination unit includes a MOSFET Q5 and a resistor R1.

[0014] The non-inverting input terminal of operational amplifier A is connected to the first electrode D1, and the non-inverting input terminal of operational amplifier A is grounded through the resistor R3; the inverting input terminal of operational amplifier A is connected to the second electrode D2, and the inverting input terminal of operational amplifier A is grounded through the resistor R2; the output terminal of operational amplifier A is the second output terminal B4;

[0015] The output terminal of the operational amplifier A is connected to the gate of the MOS transistor Q5, the drain of the MOS transistor Q5 is connected to the power supply VCC through the resistor R1, the drain of the MOS transistor Q5 is the first output terminal B3, and the source of the MOS transistor Q5 is grounded.

[0016] Furthermore, in the adaptive battery polarity charging circuit of the present invention, if the positive terminal of the battery is connected to the first electrode D1 and the negative terminal of the battery is connected to the second electrode D2, then the first input terminal B1 of the polarity detection circuit receives a high level and the second input terminal B2 receives a low level. The polarity detection circuit controls the first switch circuit and the fourth switch circuit to be turned on, and controls the second switch circuit and the third switch circuit to be turned off.

[0017] Furthermore, in the adaptive battery polarity charging circuit of the present invention, if the positive terminal of the battery is connected to the second electrode D2 and the negative terminal of the battery is connected to the first electrode D1, then the first input terminal B1 of the polarity detection circuit receives a low level and the second input terminal B2 receives a high level. The polarity detection circuit controls the third switch circuit and the second switch circuit to be turned on, and controls the first switch circuit and the fourth switch circuit to be turned off.

[0018] Furthermore, in the adaptive battery polarity charging circuit of the present invention, the first switching circuit is a MOSFET Q1, the second switching circuit is a MOSFET Q2, the third switching circuit is a MOSFET Q3, and the fourth switching circuit is a MOSFET Q4.

[0019] Furthermore, in the adaptive battery polarity charging circuit of the present invention, MOSFET Q1 and MOSFET Q3 are P-type MOSFETs, and MOSFET Q2 and MOSFET Q4 are N-type MOSFETs;

[0020] The first electrode D1 is connected to the source of the MOS transistor Q1 and the drain of the MOS transistor Q2, respectively. The gates of the MOS transistor Q1 and the MOS transistor Q2 are connected to the first output terminal B3 of the polarity detection circuit. The drain of the MOS transistor Q1 is connected to the positive output terminal of the charging chip, and the source of the MOS transistor Q2 is connected to the negative output terminal of the charging chip.

[0021] The second electrode D2 is connected to the source of the MOS transistor Q3 and the drain of the MOS transistor Q4, respectively. The gates of the MOS transistor Q3 and Q4 are connected to the second output terminal B4 of the polarity detection circuit. The drain of the MOS transistor Q3 is connected to the positive output terminal of the charging chip, and the source of the MOS transistor Q4 is connected to the negative output terminal of the charging chip.

[0022] Furthermore, in the adaptive battery polarity charging circuit of the present invention, the polarity detection circuit includes an operational amplifier A, a MOSFET Q5, a resistor R1, a resistor R2, and a resistor R3;

[0023] The non-inverting input of operational amplifier A is connected to the first electrode D1, and the non-inverting input of operational amplifier A is grounded through resistor R3; the inverting input of operational amplifier A is connected to the second electrode D2, and the inverting input of operational amplifier A is grounded through resistor R2; the output of operational amplifier A is connected to the gate of MOSFET Q3 and the gate of MOSFET Q4, respectively; the output of operational amplifier A is connected to the gate of MOSFET Q5, and the drain of MOSFET Q5 is connected to the gate of MOSFET Q1 and the gate of MOSFET Q2, respectively; the drain of MOSFET Q5 is connected to the power supply VCC through resistor R1; the source of MOSFET Q5 is grounded.

[0024] Furthermore, in the adaptive battery polarity charging circuit of the present invention, if the positive terminal of the battery is connected to the first electrode D1 and the negative terminal of the battery is connected to the second electrode D2, then the non-inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier A receives a high level and the inverting input terminal receives a low level, the output terminal of the operational amplifier A outputs a high level, the MOS transistors Q1 and Q4 are turned on, and the MOS transistors Q2 and Q3 are turned off.

[0025] Furthermore, in the adaptive battery polarity charging circuit of the present invention, if the positive terminal of the battery is connected to the second electrode D2 and the negative terminal of the battery is connected to the first electrode D1, then the non-inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier A receives a low level and the inverting input terminal receives a high level, the output terminal of the operational amplifier A outputs a low level, the MOS transistors Q1 and Q4 are disconnected, and the MOS transistors Q2 and Q3 are turned on.

[0026] Furthermore, in the adaptive battery polarity charging circuit described in this invention, the MOS transistor Q5 is an N-type MOS transistor.

[0027] In addition, the present invention also provides a charger, including the adaptive battery polarity charging circuit as described above.

[0028] The adaptive battery polarity charging circuit and charger of the present invention have the following advantages: The present invention can automatically detect the positive and negative terminals of the battery and adjust the charging direction according to the detection results, eliminating the need for foolproof design, allowing users to place the battery at will, enhancing battery versatility and improving user experience. Attached Figure Description

[0029] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. In the accompanying drawings:

[0030] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an adaptive battery polarity charging circuit provided in Embodiment 1;

[0031] Figure 2 and Figure 3 This is a circuit diagram of an adaptive battery polarity charging circuit provided in Embodiment 2;

[0032] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the polarity detection circuit provided in Example 3. Detailed Implementation

[0033] To provide a clearer understanding of the technical features, objectives, and effects of the present invention, specific embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0034] Example 1

[0035] refer to Figure 1 The adaptive battery polarity charging circuit of this embodiment includes a charging chip 10, a polarity detection circuit 20, a first switching circuit 30, a second switching circuit 40, a third switching circuit 50, a fourth switching circuit 60, a first electrode D1, and a second electrode D2. The first electrode D1 and the second electrode D2 are used to connect the two poles of the battery BT1. The first electrode D1 is connected to the first switching circuit 30 and the second switching circuit 40, and the second electrode D2 is connected to the third switching circuit 50 and the fourth switching circuit 60, respectively. The first electrode D1 is connected to the first input terminal B1 of the polarity detection circuit 20, and the second electrode D2 is connected to the second input terminal B2 of the polarity detection circuit 20. The first output terminal B3 of the polarity detection circuit 20 is connected to the first switching circuit 30 and the second switching circuit 40, and the second output terminal B4 of the polarity detection circuit 20 is connected to the third switching circuit 50 and the fourth switching circuit 60, respectively. The positive output terminal of the charging chip 10 is connected to the first switching circuit 30 and the third switching circuit 50, and the negative output terminal of the charging chip 10 is connected to the second switching circuit 40 and the fourth switching circuit 60, respectively. Alternatively, the charging chip 10 can refer to existing technologies and can consist of a chip and peripheral circuitry.

[0036] The polarity detection circuit 20 controls the on / off state of the first switching circuit 30, the second switching circuit 40, the third switching circuit 50 and the fourth switching circuit 60 based on the input voltage of the first input terminal B1 and the second input terminal B2.

[0037] In the adaptive battery polarity charging circuit of this embodiment, if the positive terminal of the battery is connected to the first electrode D1 and the negative terminal of the battery is connected to the second electrode D2, then the first input terminal B1 of the polarity detection circuit 20 receives a high level and the second input terminal B2 receives a low level. The polarity detection circuit 20 controls the first switch circuit 30 and the fourth switch circuit 60 to be turned on, and controls the second switch circuit 40 and the third switch circuit 50 to be turned off. The positive terminal of the charging chip 10 is connected to the positive terminal of the battery through the turned-on first switch circuit 30, and the negative terminal of the charging chip 10 is connected to the negative terminal of the battery through the turned-on fourth switch circuit 60, thereby forming a charging loop to charge the battery.

[0038] In the adaptive battery polarity charging circuit of this embodiment, if the positive terminal of the battery is connected to the second electrode D2 and the negative terminal of the battery is connected to the first electrode D1, then the first input terminal B1 of the polarity detection circuit 20 receives a low level and the second input terminal B2 receives a high level. The polarity detection circuit 20 controls the third switch circuit 50 and the second switch circuit 40 to turn on, and controls the first switch circuit 30 and the fourth switch circuit 60 to turn off. The positive terminal of the charging chip 10 is connected to the positive terminal of the battery through the conducting third switch circuit 50, and the negative terminal of the charging chip 10 is connected to the negative terminal of the battery through the conducting second switch circuit 40, thereby forming a charging loop to charge the battery.

[0039] This embodiment can automatically detect the positive and negative terminals of the battery and adjust the charging direction according to the detection results. It eliminates the need for foolproof design, allows users to place the battery anywhere, enhances battery versatility, and improves the user experience.

[0040] Example 2

[0041] refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3 Based on Embodiment 1, in this embodiment's adaptive battery polarity charging circuit, the first switching circuit 30 is a MOSFET Q1, the second switching circuit 40 is a MOSFET Q2, the third switching circuit 50 is a MOSFET Q3, and the fourth switching circuit 60 is a MOSFET Q4. Alternatively, in this embodiment's adaptive battery polarity charging circuit, MOSFETs Q1 and Q3 are P-type MOSFETs, and MOSFETs Q2 and Q4 are N-type MOSFETs.

[0042] The first electrode D1 is connected to the source of MOSFET Q1 and the drain of MOSFET Q2, respectively. The gates of MOSFET Q1 and MOSFET Q2 are connected to the first output terminal B3 of the polarity detection circuit 20. The drain of MOSFET Q1 is connected to the positive output terminal of the charging chip 10, and the source of MOSFET Q2 is connected to the negative output terminal of the charging chip 10.

[0043] The second electrode D2 is connected to the source of MOSFET Q3 and the drain of MOSFET Q4, respectively. The gates of MOSFET Q3 and MOSFET Q4 are connected to the second output terminal B4 of the polarity detection circuit 20. The drain of MOSFET Q3 is connected to the positive output terminal of the charging chip 10, and the source of MOSFET Q4 is connected to the negative output terminal of the charging chip 10.

[0044] In this embodiment of the adaptive battery polarity charging circuit, the polarity detection circuit 20 includes an operational amplifier A, a MOSFET Q5, resistors R1, R2, and R3. The non-inverting input of operational amplifier A is connected to the first electrode D1 and grounded through resistor R3. The inverting input of operational amplifier A is connected to the second electrode D2 and grounded through resistor R2. The output of operational amplifier A is connected to the gates of MOSFETs Q3 and Q4, respectively. The output of operational amplifier A is connected to the gate of MOSFET Q5, and the drain of MOSFET Q5 is connected to the gates of MOSFETs Q1 and Q2, respectively. The drain of MOSFET Q5 is connected to the power supply VCC through resistor R1. The source of MOSFET Q5 is grounded. Alternatively, in this embodiment of the adaptive battery polarity charging circuit, MOSFET Q5 is an N-type MOSFET.

[0045] In the adaptive battery polarity charging circuit of this embodiment, if the positive terminal of the battery is connected to the first electrode D1 and the negative terminal is connected to the second electrode D2, the non-inverting input of operational amplifier A receives a high level and the inverting input receives a low level. The output of operational amplifier A outputs a high level, MOSFETs Q1 and Q4 are turned on, and MOSFETs Q2 and Q3 are turned off. The positive terminal of charging chip 10 is connected to the positive terminal of the battery through the turned-on MOSFET Q1, and the negative terminal of charging chip 10 is connected to the negative terminal of the battery through the turned-on MOSFET Q4, thus forming a charging loop to charge the battery.

[0046] In the adaptive battery polarity charging circuit of this embodiment, if the positive terminal of the battery is connected to the second electrode D2 and the negative terminal is connected to the first electrode D1, the non-inverting input of operational amplifier A receives a low level and the inverting input receives a high level. The output of operational amplifier A outputs a low level, MOSFETs Q1 and Q4 are disconnected, and MOSFETs Q2 and Q3 are turned on. The positive terminal of charging chip 10 is connected to the positive terminal of the battery through the turned-on MOSFET Q3, and the negative terminal of charging chip 10 is connected to the negative terminal of the battery through the turned-on MOSFET Q2, thus forming a charging loop to charge the battery.

[0047] This embodiment can automatically detect the positive and negative terminals of the battery and adjust the charging direction according to the detection results. It eliminates the need for foolproof design, allows users to place the battery anywhere, enhances battery versatility, and improves the user experience.

[0048] Example 3

[0049] refer to Figure 4 In this embodiment, the polarity detection circuit 20 in the adaptive battery polarity charging circuit includes a first judgment unit 201 and a second judgment unit 202. The first input terminal of the first judgment unit 201 is the first input terminal B1, the second input terminal of the first judgment unit 201 is the second input terminal B2, and the output terminal of the first judgment unit 201 is the second output terminal B4. The output terminal of the first judgment unit 201 is connected to the input terminal of the second judgment unit 202, and the output terminal of the second judgment unit 202 is the first output terminal B3. The first judgment unit 201 controls the on / off state of the third switch circuit 50 and the fourth switch circuit 60 according to the input voltage of the first input terminal B1 and the second input terminal B2. The second judgment unit 202 controls the on / off state of the first switch circuit 30 and the second switch circuit 40 according to the output signal of the first judgment unit 201.

[0050] In the adaptive battery polarity charging circuit of this embodiment, the output voltage of the second judgment unit 202 is inversely related to the input voltage. When the first input terminal B1 receives a high level and the second input terminal B2 receives a low level, the output terminal of the first judgment unit 201 outputs a high level, and the output terminal of the second judgment unit 202 outputs a low level. Conversely, when the first input terminal B1 receives a low level and the second input terminal B2 receives a high level, the output terminal of the first judgment unit 201 outputs a low level, and the output terminal of the second judgment unit 202 outputs a high level.

[0051] As an option, refer to Figure 3 In this embodiment, the adaptive battery polarity charging circuit includes a first judgment unit 201 comprising an operational amplifier A, resistors R2 and R3; and a second judgment unit 202 comprising a MOSFET Q5 and a resistor R1. The non-inverting input of operational amplifier A is connected to the first electrode D1 and grounded through resistor R3; the inverting input of operational amplifier A is connected to the second electrode D2 and grounded through resistor R2; the output of operational amplifier A is the second output terminal B4. The output of operational amplifier A is connected to the gate of MOSFET Q5, the drain of MOSFET Q5 is connected to the power supply VCC through resistor R1, the drain of MOSFET Q5 is the first output terminal B3; and the source of MOSFET Q5 is grounded.

[0052] This embodiment can automatically detect the positive and negative terminals of the battery and adjust the charging direction according to the detection results. It eliminates the need for foolproof design, allows users to place the battery anywhere, enhances battery versatility, and improves the user experience.

[0053] Example 4

[0054] The charger in this embodiment includes the adaptive battery polarity charging circuit described above.

[0055] This embodiment can automatically detect the positive and negative terminals of the battery and adjust the charging direction according to the detection results. It eliminates the need for foolproof design, allows users to place the battery anywhere, enhances battery versatility, and improves the user experience.

[0056] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, with each embodiment focusing on its differences from other embodiments. Similar or identical parts between embodiments can be referred to interchangeably. For the apparatus disclosed in the embodiments, since they correspond to the methods disclosed in the embodiments, the description is relatively simple; relevant parts can be referred to the method section.

[0057] Those skilled in the art will further recognize that the units and algorithm steps of the various examples described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware, computer software, or a combination of both. To clearly illustrate the interchangeability of hardware and software, the components and steps of the various examples have been generally described in terms of functionality in the foregoing description. Whether these functions are implemented in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Those skilled in the art can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementations should not be considered beyond the scope of this invention.

[0058] The steps of the methods or algorithms described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented directly by hardware, a software module executed by a processor, or a combination of both. The software module can be located in random access memory (RAM), main memory, read-only memory (ROM), electrically programmable ROM, electrically erasable programmable ROM, registers, hard disk, removable disk, CD-ROM, or any other form of storage medium known in the art.

[0059] The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical concept and features of the present invention, and are intended to enable those skilled in the art to understand the content of the present invention and implement it accordingly. They do not limit the scope of protection of the present invention. All equivalent changes and modifications made within the scope of the claims of the present invention should fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. An adaptive battery polarity charging circuit, comprising: The charging chip (10), the polarity detection circuit (20), the first switch circuit (30), the second switch circuit (40), the third switch circuit (50), the fourth switch circuit (60), the first electrode D1 and the second electrode D2 are included. The first electrode D1 and the second electrode D2 are used to connect two poles of a battery, the first electrode D1 is connected with the first switch circuit (30) and the second switch circuit (40) respectively, the second electrode D2 is connected with the third switch circuit (50) and the fourth switch circuit (60) respectively; the first electrode D1 is connected with the first input end B1 of the polarity detection circuit (20), and the second electrode D2 is connected with the second input end B2 of the polarity detection circuit (20); The first output end B3 of the polarity detection circuit (20) is connected with the first switch circuit (30) and the second switch circuit (40) respectively, and the second output end B4 of the polarity detection circuit (20) is connected with the third switch circuit (50) and the fourth switch circuit (60) respectively; the positive output end of the charging chip (10) is connected with the first switch circuit (30) and the third switch circuit (50) respectively, and the negative output end of the charging chip (10) is connected with the second switch circuit (40) and the fourth switch circuit (60) respectively; The polarity detection circuit (20) includes a first judging unit (201) and a second judging unit (202); if the output of the first judging unit (201) is high level, the output of the second judging unit (202) is low level, and vice versa; The first judging unit (201) includes an operational amplifier A, a resistor R2 and a resistor R3; the second judging unit (202) includes a MOS tube Q5 and a resistor R1; The noninverting input end of the operational amplifier A is connected with the first electrode D1, and the noninverting input end of the operational amplifier A is grounded through the resistor R3; the inverting input end of the operational amplifier A is connected with the second electrode D2, and the inverting input end of the operational amplifier A is grounded through the resistor R2; the output end of the operational amplifier A is the second output end B4; The output end of the operational amplifier A is connected with the gate of the MOS tube Q5, the drain of the MOS tube Q5 is connected with a power supply VCC through the resistor R1, and the drain of the MOS tube Q5 is the first output end B3; the source of the MOS tube Q5 is grounded.

2. The adaptive battery polarity charging circuit of claim 1, wherein, The polarity detection circuit (20) includes a first judging unit (201) and a second judging unit (202); The first input end of the first judging unit (201) is the first input end B1, the second input end of the first judging unit (201) is the second input end B2, and the output end of the first judging unit (201) is the second output end B4; the output end of the first judging unit (201) is connected with the input end of the second judging unit (202), and the output end of the second judging unit (202) is the first output end B3; The first judging unit (201) controls the on-off state of the third switch circuit (50) and the fourth switch circuit (60) according to the input voltage of the first input end B1 and the second input end B2, and the second judging unit (202) controls the on-off state of the first switch circuit (30) and the second switch circuit (40) according to the output signal of the first judging unit (201).

3. The adaptive battery polarity charging circuit of claim 2, wherein, The output voltage of the second judging unit (202) is opposite to the input voltage.

4. The adaptive battery polarity charging circuit of claim 3, wherein, If the first input end B1 receives high level and the second input end B2 receives low level, the output end of the first judging unit (201) outputs high level, and the output end of the second judging unit (202) outputs low level. If the first input end B1 receives low level and the second input end B2 receives high level, the output end of the first judging unit (201) outputs low level, and the output end of the second judging unit (202) outputs high level.

5. The adaptive battery polarity charging circuit of claim 1, wherein, If the positive pole of the battery is connected to the first electrode D1 and the negative pole of the battery is connected to the second electrode D2, the first input end B1 of the polarity detection circuit (20) receives high level and the second input end B2 receives low level, and the polarity detection circuit (20) controls the first switch circuit (30) and the fourth switch circuit (60) to be on and controls the second switch circuit (40) and the third switch circuit (50) to be off.

6. The adaptive battery polarity charging circuit of claim 1, wherein, If the positive pole of the battery is connected to the second electrode D2 and the negative pole of the battery is connected to the first electrode D1, the first input end B1 of the polarity detection circuit (20) receives low level and the second input end B2 receives high level, and the polarity detection circuit (20) controls the third switch circuit (50) and the second switch circuit (40) to be on and controls the first switch circuit (30) and the fourth switch circuit (60) to be off.

7. The adaptive battery polarity charging circuit of claim 1, wherein, The first switch circuit (30) is a MOS tube Q1, the second switch circuit (40) is a MOS tube Q2, the third switch circuit (50) is a MOS tube Q3, and the fourth switch circuit (60) is a MOS tube Q4.

8. The adaptive battery polarity charging circuit of claim 7, wherein, The MOS tube Q1 and the MOS tube Q3 are P-type MOS tubes, and the MOS tube Q2 and the MOS tube Q4 are N-type MOS tubes. The first electrode D1 is connected to the source of the MOS tube Q1 and the drain of the MOS tube Q2, respectively, the gate of the MOS tube Q1 and the gate of the MOS tube Q2 are connected to the first output end B3 of the polarity detection circuit (20), the drain of the MOS tube Q1 is connected to the positive output end of the charging chip (10), and the source of the MOS tube Q2 is connected to the negative output end of the charging chip (10). The second electrode D2 is connected to the source of the MOS tube Q3 and the drain of the MOS tube Q4, the gate of the MOS tube Q3 and the gate of the MOS tube Q4 are connected to the second output end B4 of the polarity detection circuit (20), the drain of the MOS tube Q3 is connected to the positive output end of the charging chip (10), and the source of the MOS tube Q4 is connected to the negative output end of the charging chip (10).

9. The adaptive battery polarity charging circuit of claim 8, wherein, The non-inverting input end of the operational amplifier A is connected to the first electrode D1 and grounded through the resistor R3; the inverting input end of the operational amplifier A is connected to the second electrode D2 and grounded through the resistor R2; the output end of the operational amplifier A is connected to the gate of the MOS tube Q3 and the gate of the MOS tube Q4; the output end of the operational amplifier A is connected to the gate of the MOS tube Q5, the drain of the MOS tube Q5 is connected to the gate of the MOS tube Q1 and the gate of the MOS tube Q2, and the source of the MOS tube Q5 is grounded.

10. The adaptive battery polarity charging circuit of claim 9, wherein, If the positive electrode of the battery is connected to the first electrode D1 and the negative electrode of the battery is connected to the second electrode D2, the non-inverting input end of the operational amplifier A receives a high level and the inverting input end receives a low level, the output end of the operational amplifier A outputs a high level, and the MOS tube Q1 and the MOS tube Q4 are turned on to control the MOS tube Q2 and the MOS tube Q3 to be turned off.

11. The adaptive battery polarity charging circuit of claim 9, wherein, If the positive electrode of the battery is connected to the second electrode D2 and the negative electrode of the battery is connected to the first electrode D1, the non-inverting input end of the operational amplifier A receives a low level and the inverting input end receives a high level, the output end of the operational amplifier A outputs a low level, and the MOS tube Q1 and the MOS tube Q4 are turned off to control the MOS tube Q2 and the MOS tube Q3 to be turned on.

12. The adaptive battery polarity charging circuit of claim 9, wherein, The MOS tube Q5 is an N-type MOS tube.

13. A charger characterized by comprising: An adaptive battery polarity charging circuit comprising the adaptive battery polarity charging circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 12.

Images