A device and method for self-balancing coupling welding of T-shaped steel

Abstract

The present invention discloses a device and method for self-balancing coupled welding of T-shaped steel. The device comprises a workbench equipped with a motorized roller, a gantry, and a rolling fixture. The motorized rollers are arranged in parallel on the workbench. Flat rollers are provided within the gantry via roller shafts. The ends of the rollers are fixed in positioning slots on either side of the gantry. Welding guns are provided at both ends of the gantry top. The rolling fixtures are spaced apart on the workbench. When welding workpieces, the device not only improves workpiece precision but also reduces residual stress, optimizes workpiece surface quality, and improves weld structure.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of steel beam manufacturing, and particularly relates to a device and method for self-balancing coupling welding of T-shaped steel. Background Art

[0002] T-beams are long, T-shaped steel bars with complex cross-sections. They are primarily used in building structures, curtain wall construction, machinery and equipment, and vehicle manufacturing.

[0003] With the continuous development of technology, my country's steel production is increasing annually. T-shaped steel, with its excellent strength and bending resistance, is widely used in steel structures such as bridges. In recent years, there have been over 100 bridge collapses in my country, 41% of which were caused by improper steel beam structure and insufficient quality stability. This shows that the quality of T-shaped steel is crucial to structural safety. Compared with rolled steel, the welding method for manufacturing T-shaped steel offers advantages such as high production efficiency and flexible dimensions. However, the residual stress and welding deformation caused by welding heat cannot be ignored. The quality of welding is a key factor in determining the safety of T-shaped steel structures. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop high-quality, low-stress, and low-deformation T-beam welding equipment and methods. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a self-balancing coupling welding device for T-shaped steel, which can not only improve the accuracy of the workpiece when welding the workpiece, but also reduce the residual stress of the workpiece and optimize the surface quality of the workpiece, while improving the weld structure of the workpiece.

[0005] In order to achieve the above technical objectives, the present invention is specifically implemented through the following technical solutions:

[0006] A device for self-balancing coupled welding of T-shaped steel comprises a workbench, on which are provided an electric roller, a gantry and a rolling fixture, wherein the multiple electric rollers are arranged in parallel on the workbench, a flat roller is provided in the gantry via a roller shaft, the two ends of the roller shaft are fixed in positioning grooves on both sides of the gantry, welding guns are provided at both ends of the gantry top, and the multiple rolling fixtures are distributed at intervals on the workbench.

[0007] The roller can be adjusted up and down in height along the positioning groove. The roller is fixed on the gantry through positioning bolts. The flat roller is located at the center of the gantry's cross-line.

[0008] The rolling fixture includes a clamping arm, a reset shaft and a clamping roller. The reset shaft is fixed at both ends of the workbench cross line. The clamping arms are respectively connected to the reset shaft. The ends of the two clamping arms are provided with clamping rollers.

[0009] A nozzle is provided at the center of the cross line on the workbench, and the nozzle is connected with a water pipe.

[0010] An ultrasonic impact device is provided at the end of the workbench, which includes a support, a mechanical arm, a universal hinge, an ultrasonic impact head and an ultrasonic generator. The ultrasonic generator is provided on the support, the mechanical arm is connected to the ultrasonic generator, and multiple mechanical arms are connected by a universal hinge. The ultrasonic impact head is connected to the end of the mechanical arm.

[0011] In another aspect of the present invention, a method for manufacturing T-shaped steel using the self-balancing principle is provided, comprising the following steps:

[0012] 1) Using a spot welding method to position the upper plate (6), the middle plate (9), and the lower plate (7) to initially form an I-shaped steel structure, and placing it on the electric roller (5) of the workbench (1);

[0013] 2) Adjust the flat roller (4) along the positioning groove (3) in the up and down direction to press the I-shaped steel, and use the rolling clamp (10) to tighten the middle plate;

[0014] 3) Adjust the position of the welding gun (8), perform symmetrical welding connection between the middle plate (9) and the lower plate (7), and spray water to the weld joint through the water pipe (12) and the nozzle (11) for cooling;

[0015] 4) When the I-shaped steel moves to above the ultrasonic impact head (17), the ultrasonic generator (13) is started to perform ultrasonic impact treatment on the surface of the lower plate;

[0016] 5) After the welding of the middle plate (9) and the lower plate (7) is completed, the I-shaped steel is turned 180 degrees, and the middle plate (9) and the upper plate (6) are further subjected to welding, cooling, and ultrasonic impact treatment. After the I-shaped steel is formed, it is cut in half along the middle of the middle plate (9) to form the desired T-shaped steel.

[0017] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0018] The present invention provides a self-balancing coupled welding device for T-shaped steel. This device uses post-weld water spraying to induce quenching and shrinkage, offsetting the compressive plastic deformation of the weld and the metal near the weld caused by the high welding temperature, thereby reducing residual stress in the weld joint. Furthermore, ultrasonic impact treatment can be used to further reduce residual stress, induce beneficial compressive plastic deformation, and refine the grain size, thereby improving the quality of the workpiece surface and internal structure. By employing a symmetrical welding method and the principle of self-balancing, even if welding residual stress cannot be completely eliminated, the residual stresses in the upper-middle plate joint and the lower-middle plate joint can still be offset, thereby ensuring that the T-shaped steel, formed after cutting, maintains stable shape and size. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the device of the present invention;

[0020] In the figure: 1. workbench, 2. gantry, 3. positioning groove, 4. flat roller, 5. electric roller, 6. upper plate, 7. lower plate, 8. welding gun, 9. middle plate, 10. rolling fixture, 11. nozzle, 12. water pipe, 13. ultrasonic generator, 14. support, 15. robotic arm, 16. universal hinge, 17. ultrasonic impact head. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The following will be combined with specific embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions of the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides a T-steel welding device, comprising a workbench 1 made of high-strength steel to provide support during operation. Three electric rollers 5 are fixed in sequence on the workbench 1 for sliding the workpiece to be processed.

[0023] A gantry 2 is fixed between the first and second motorized rollers 5. Welding guns 8 are attached to each end of the top right side of the gantry 2. While the workpiece is being prepared for transmission, the angle is manually adjusted to ensure bilateral symmetry. This symmetry ensures that the workpiece is subjected to minimal stress. A positioning slot 3 is provided inside the gantry 2. A roller is fixed within this slot via a positioning bolt. A flat roller 4 is located at the center of the roller. The roller can be adjusted up and down within the slot 3 to adjust the position of the flat roller 4. The flat roller 4 and the motorized roller 5 together define the upper and lower plates 6 and 7 of the workpiece, thereby improving the height accuracy of the workpiece.

[0024] A rolling clamp 10 is respectively provided behind the second electric roller 5 and the third electric roller 5. The rolling clamp 10 includes a clamping arm, a reset shaft and a clamping roller. The two reset shafts are fixed at both ends of the cross line of the workbench 1. A clamping arm is connected to each reset shaft. The ends of the two clamping arms are fixed with clamping rollers. The clamping rollers on the two clamping arms are in close contact under the action of the reset shaft, and are used to fix the middle plate 9 of the workpiece to be processed, limit the degree of freedom of the workpiece to be processed, and enable it to move only along the axial direction.

[0025] A nozzle 11 is fixed on the workbench 1 just below the first rolling fixture 10. The nozzle 11 is connected to a water pipe 12. When the workpiece reaches the nozzle 11 through the transmission system after being welded, the water gun is manually turned on to cool the workpiece, causing the high-temperature metal to undergo rapid cooling and contraction. This offsets the compressive plastic deformation of the weld and the metal near the weld caused by the high temperature of welding, thereby reducing residual stress.

[0026] An ultrasonic impact device is located at the end of the workbench 1. The ultrasonic impact device includes a support 14, a mechanical arm 15, a universal hinge 16, an ultrasonic impact head 17, and an ultrasonic generator 13. The ultrasonic generator 13 is located on the support 14. The mechanical arm 15 is connected to the ultrasonic generator 13. The two mechanical arms 15 are connected by a universal hinge 16. The ultrasonic impact head 17 is connected to the end of the mechanical arm 15. The angle and height are adjusted by the mechanical arm 15 and the universal hinge 16 to adjust the ultrasonic impact head 17 to align with the lower plate 7 of the workpiece to be processed. When the workpiece to be processed passes over the ultrasonic impact device after being processed on the workbench 1, the ultrasonic impact head 17 impacts the lower plate 7 of the workpiece to be processed, further reducing residual stress, forming beneficial compressive plastic deformation, and refining the grain size, thereby improving the quality of the workpiece surface and internal structure.

[0027] When the device of the present invention is in use, the workpiece is placed on the motorized roller 5. The height of the roller is adjusted so that the flat roller 4 presses against the upper plate 6 of the workpiece. The angle of the welding gun 8 is adjusted to align the welding position. The workpiece is welded as it moves. After passing through the gantry 2, the workpiece is driven and restricted in the subsequent adaptively sized rolling fixture 10 by the clamping rollers on the rolling fixture 10. After passing through the first rolling fixture 10, the workpiece is cooled by water sprayed from the nozzle 11 at the end of the water pipe 12 when passing through the nozzle 11 on the workbench 1, reducing the residual stress of the workpiece after welding and improving its performance. After passing through the rolling fixture 10 and this process, the workpiece is fixed by the support 14 when passing above the ultrasonic impact device. The robotic arm 15 is adjusted to align the ultrasonic impact head 17 with the lower plate 7 of the workpiece. Ultrasonic impact is used to improve the surface and internal structure quality of the workpiece, thereby achieving the desired effect.

[0028] In another aspect of the present invention, a method for manufacturing T-shaped steel using the self-balancing principle is provided, wherein the upper plate (6), the middle plate (9), and the lower plate (7) are positioned by spot welding to preliminarily form an I-shaped steel structure, and the structure is placed above the electric roller (5) of the workbench (1). The flat roller (4) is adjusted in the up and down directions along the positioning groove (3) to press the I-shaped steel, and the middle plate is tightened by a multi-working rolling fixture (10) to limit the freedom of the I-shaped steel so that it can only move along the axial direction. The position of the welding gun (8) is adjusted to perform symmetrical welding connection between the middle plate (9) and the lower plate (7), and water is sprayed to the weld joint through the water pipe (12) and the nozzle (11) to cool the weld. The high-temperature metal is caused to undergo rapid cooling and contraction to offset the compressive plastic deformation of the weld and the metal near the weld under the action of the high temperature of welding, thereby reducing the residual stress. When the I-shaped steel moves above the ultrasonic impact head (17), the surface of the lower plate is subjected to ultrasonic impact treatment to further reduce the residual stress, form beneficial compressive plastic deformation, and refine the grain size, thereby improving the quality of the workpiece surface and internal structure. After the welding of the middle plate (9)-lower plate (7) is completed, the I-shaped steel is turned 180 degrees, and the middle plate (9)-upper plate (6) is continued to be welded, cooled, and ultrasonically impacted. After the I-shaped steel is formed, it is cut along the middle of the middle plate (9) and divided into two to form the required T-shaped steel.

[0029] While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to these examples without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A method for manufacturing T-shaped steel using a self-balancing coupling welding device for T-shaped steel, characterized in that: The self-balancing coupling welding device for T-shaped steel comprises: A workbench (1), wherein the workbench (1) is provided with an electric roller (5), a gantry (2) and a rolling fixture (10), wherein a plurality of the electric rollers (5) are arranged in parallel on the workbench (1), a flat roller (4) is provided in the gantry (2) via a roller, and both ends of the roller are fixed in positioning grooves (3) on both sides of the gantry (2), welding guns (8) are provided at both ends of the top of the gantry (2), and a plurality of rolling fixtures (10) are distributed at intervals on the workbench (1); The roller is fixed to the gantry (2) by means of positioning bolts, and the flat roller (4) is located at the center of the cross-line of the gantry (2); The rolling clamp (10) comprises a clamping arm, a reset shaft and a clamping roller, wherein the reset shaft is fixed at both ends of the cross line of the workbench (1), the clamping arms are respectively connected to the reset shaft, and the ends of the two clamping arms are provided with clamping rollers; A nozzle (11) is provided at the center of the cross line on the workbench (1), and the nozzle (11) is connected to a water pipe (12); An ultrasonic impact device is provided at the end of the workbench (1), and the ultrasonic impact device comprises a support (14), a mechanical arm (15), a universal hinge (16), an ultrasonic impact head (17) and an ultrasonic generator (13), wherein the ultrasonic generator (13) is provided on the support (14), the mechanical arm (15) is connected to the ultrasonic generator (13), a plurality of mechanical arms (15) are connected via the universal hinge (16), and the ultrasonic impact head (17) is connected to the end of the mechanical arm (15); The method includes: 1) using a spot welding method to position the upper plate (6), the middle plate (9), and the lower plate (7) to initially form an I-shaped steel structure, and placing the structure on the electric roller (5) of the workbench (1); 2) Adjust the flat roller (4) along the positioning groove (3) in the up and down direction to press the I-shaped steel, and use the rolling clamp (10) to clamp the middle plate; 3) adjusting the position of the welding gun (8), performing symmetrical welding connection between the middle plate (9) and the lower plate (7), and spraying water to the weld joint through the water pipe (12) and the nozzle (11) for cooling; 4) When the I-shaped steel moves above the ultrasonic impact head (17), the ultrasonic generator (13) is started to perform ultrasonic impact treatment on the surface of the lower plate; 5) After the welding of the middle plate (9) and the lower plate (7) is completed, the I-shaped steel is turned 180 degrees, and the middle plate (9) and the upper plate (6) are further welded, cooled, and subjected to ultrasonic impact treatment. After the I-shaped steel is formed, it is cut in half along the middle of the middle plate (9) to form the desired T-shaped steel.

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