A reflux heat utilization device for garbage pyrolysis treatment

Abstract

A reflux heat utilization device for waste pyrolysis treatment, comprising an incineration chamber and a pyrolysis chamber that is airtight and oxygen-free. The incineration chamber and the pyrolysis chamber are connected to a first cyclone combustion chamber through a common air outlet and a first flue gas passage. The first cyclone combustion chamber is connected to a second cyclone combustion chamber through a second flue gas passage. A first secondary air inlet pipe is connected to the first flue gas passage, and a second secondary air inlet pipe is connected to the second flue gas passage. A first dust discharge pipe extends from the bottom of the first cyclone combustion chamber, and a second dust discharge pipe extends from the bottom of the second cyclone combustion chamber. The first dust discharge pipe and the second dust discharge pipe converge to a dust recovery extraction pipe, which is connected to a waste heat transfer pipe through a draft fan. The waste heat transfer pipe extends all the way into the incineration chamber. This technology of the present invention can achieve strong turbulence of the combustion airflow, enabling the mixed gas to burn sufficiently, playing a role in dust removal, simplifying the subsequent dust removal facilities, recycling the removed high-temperature flue gas and dust, and further ensuring the combustion energy supply capacity of the incineration chamber.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of waste pyrolysis, and particularly to a reflux heat utilization device that performs secondary combustion on the soot generated by the pyrolysis of domestic waste and recovers and reuses the waste heat generated during the secondary combustion. Background Art

[0002] The treatment of domestic waste is a worldwide problem. Currently in China, the main technologies for waste treatment are landfill, composting, and incineration. It is analyzed that both landfill and composting of waste must occupy a large amount of land resources and cause environmental pollution, and they are no longer suitable for promotion at present. Moreover, waste incineration will generate a large amount of toxic and harmful substances, especially dioxins. In contrast, the pyrolysis treatment of waste can not only inhibit the generation of dioxins, but also produce extremely little flue gas. After a little purification treatment, it will no longer cause harm. Therefore, the pyrolysis treatment of waste is the best technology for waste treatment so far. In actual operation, it is best to carry out the pyrolysis treatment of waste in a medium-high temperature environment above 500°C in a gasification manner. However, due to the generally low lower calorific value of domestic waste in China, without auxiliary fuel and waste heat utilization, it is generally difficult to achieve true waste pyrolysis treatment. Even many similar waste pyrolysis treatment devices appear in a low-temperature pyrolysis manner, which greatly restricts the progress of waste pyrolysis technology. This utility model provides a new cyclone combustion technology, introducing secondary combustion into the cyclone combustion chamber. Using the principle of the cyclone, while making the combustion airflow form strong turbulence and high-temperature combustion, the soot is removed at the same time. Moreover, using the principle of peripheral dust discharge of the cyclone and combining with waste heat utilization technology, the dust gas containing high heat energy removed is recycled, strengthening the combustion in the first combustion chamber incineration chamber, so that the pyrolysis chamber obtains more heat energy, ensuring that the waste pyrolysis environment is quickly raised above 500°C, and enabling the pyrolysis of waste to reach true medium-high temperature pyrolysis gasification. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To solve the above problems, the present invention provides a reflux heat utilization device for waste pyrolysis treatment, aiming to achieve the purpose of complete waste pyrolysis. The technical solution adopted is as follows:

[0004] A reflux heat utilization device for waste pyrolysis treatment has an incineration chamber and a hermetically sealed and oxygen-free pyrolysis chamber. The incineration chamber is located below the pyrolysis chamber. The incineration chamber and the pyrolysis chamber are connected to a first cyclone combustion chamber through a common air outlet and a first flue gas passage. The first cyclone combustion chamber is connected to a second cyclone combustion chamber through a second flue gas passage. A first secondary air inlet pipe is connected to the first flue gas passage, and a second secondary air inlet pipe is connected to the second flue gas passage.

[0005] A first dust exhaust pipe extends from the bottom of the first cyclone combustion chamber, and a second dust exhaust pipe extends from the bottom of the second cyclone combustion chamber. The first dust exhaust pipe and the second dust exhaust pipe converge to a smoke and dust recovery extraction pipe, which is connected to the air inlet of a suction fan. The waste heat transfer pipe extending from the air outlet of the suction fan extends all the way into the incineration chamber, and the pipe orifice of the waste heat transfer pipe is arranged to incline downward. The airtight and oxygen-free pyrolysis chamber provides heat radiation through the incineration chamber to pyrolyze the garbage. The garbage is pyrolyzed in the pyrolysis chamber. After the flue gas generated during the pyrolysis process is mixed with the flue gas generated during the process of the incineration chamber burning fuel, a mixed combustible gas is formed. The mixed combustible gas enters the first cyclone combustion chamber through the common air outlet and the first flue gas passage to burn further, and then enters the second cyclone combustion chamber through the second flue gas passage to burn again. When burning in the first cyclone combustion chamber and the second cyclone combustion chamber, the heavier high-temperature smoke and dust are discharged into the smoke and dust recovery extraction pipe through the first dust exhaust pipe and the second dust exhaust pipe, and then finally enter the incineration chamber. The high-temperature smoke and dust burn fully again in the incineration chamber. Moreover, while entering the incineration chamber to burn, the high temperature carried by the high-temperature smoke and dust also provides waste heat for the incineration chamber.

[0006] For the above-mentioned waste heat recycling device for waste pyrolysis treatment, further, the first cyclone combustion chamber is equipped with a first cyclone cylinder. A transition chamber is arranged above the first cyclone cylinder. The first cyclone cylinder is connected to the transition chamber through a first exhaust pipe, and the periphery of the bottom of the first cyclone cylinder is connected to a first dust exhaust pipe; the second cyclone combustion chamber is equipped with a second cyclone cylinder. A second exhaust pipe is connected above the second cyclone cylinder, and the periphery of the bottom of the second cyclone cylinder is connected to a second dust exhaust pipe. The mixed combustible gas burns and rotates in the first cyclone cylinder, and the lighter combustion airflow rotates upward into the transition chamber, and the transition chamber plays a role in buffering the airflow.

[0007] For the above-mentioned waste heat recycling device for waste pyrolysis treatment, further, the transition chamber is connected to the air inlet of the second flue gas passage, and the air outlet of the second flue gas passage is connected to the second exhaust pipe. The mixed combustible gas continues to burn in the first cyclone combustion chamber, and the lighter combustion airflow enters the transition chamber, flows into the second cyclone combustion chamber through the second flue gas passage, and the heavier smoke and dust gas is thrown out from the first dust exhaust pipe and enters the smoke and dust recovery extraction pipe.

[0008] For the above-mentioned waste heat recycling device for waste pyrolysis treatment, further, a refractory wall is arranged between the first cyclone combustion chamber and the second cyclone combustion chamber. The refractory wall separates the first cyclone combustion chamber and the second cyclone combustion chamber to form two completely independent chambers.

[0009] The above-mentioned reflux heat utilization device for waste pyrolysis treatment, further, near the second exhaust pipe of the second flue gas passage, a second secondary air inlet pipe is connected. The second secondary air inlet pipe introduces the gas in the atmosphere into the second exhaust pipe again, and the combustible mixed gas entering the second exhaust pipe through the second flue gas passage is mixed and burned with the gas in the atmosphere again.

[0010] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0011] 1. Applying this technology, the mixed combustible gas generated in the incineration chamber and the pyrolysis chamber undergoes secondary combustion in the first cyclone combustion chamber and the second cyclone combustion chamber, generating strong turbulence and high-temperature combustion, which completely decomposes the dioxin remaining in the mixed gas during the entire combustion process (the time is about 3 seconds), thereby reducing the harm of dioxin generated from waste treatment to zero harm.

[0012] 2. Applying this technology, the soot carried in the mixed combustible gas generated in the incineration chamber and the pyrolysis chamber will be largely removed during the swirling combustion in the first cyclone combustion chamber and the second cyclone combustion chamber, playing a primary dust removal role for the overall flue gas dust removal and simplifying the subsequent dust removal facilities.

[0013] 3. Applying this technology, the soot gas containing high-temperature heat energy removed from the mixed flue gas is recycled, and the reflux amount of this high-heat energy soot gas can also be regulated by frequency conversion, thereby strengthening the stability of the combustion of the residues in the incineration chamber and indirectly stabilizing the heat supply capacity to the pyrolysis chamber, ensuring the normal operation of waste pyrolysis treatment. Description of the Drawings

[0014] Figure 1 is the front view structural schematic diagram of a waste mobile treatment station fixed on a vehicle;

[0015] Figure 2 is the top view structural schematic diagram of a waste mobile treatment station fixed on a vehicle;

[0016] Figure 3 is the rear view structural schematic diagram of a waste mobile treatment station fixed on a vehicle;

[0017] Figure 4 is Figure 2 the schematic diagram of the P-P perspective in

[0018] Figure 5 is Figure 2 the schematic diagram of the Q-Q perspective in

[0019] Figure 6 is Figure 2 the schematic diagram of the T-T perspective in

[0020] Figure 7 is Figure 2Schematic diagram of the W-W perspective in China

[0021] Among them: the first combustion chamber A, the second combustion chamber B, the incineration bin 6, the pyrolysis bin 9, the common air outlet 13, the first flue gas passage 14, the first secondary air inlet pipe 15, the second flue gas passage 16, the first cyclone combustion chamber 17, the induced draft fan 22, the waste heat transfer pipe 39, the second cyclone combustion chamber 41, the second cyclone 54, the dust recovery extraction pipe 55, the second secondary air inlet pipe 59, the first dust discharge pipe 72, the first cyclone 73, the first exhaust pipe 74, the transition bin 75, the second exhaust pipe 76, the second dust discharge pipe 77. Specific implementation mode

[0022] The present invention will be further described in conjunction with the attached drawings. A waste pyrolysis treatment reflux heat utilization device can be used in fixed waste treatment plants or mobile waste treatment stations. Embodiment

[0023] As Figure 1 、 2 As shown in Figures 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7, there is a mobile waste treatment station fixed on a vehicle. The treatment station is equipped with a first combustion chamber A and a second combustion chamber B. An airtight and oxygen-free pyrolysis bin 9 and an incineration bin 6 are arranged in the first combustion chamber A. The pyrolysis bin is located above the incineration bin. A primary air inlet pipeline is connected to the incineration bin. The fuel burned in the incineration bin provides heat radiation to the pyrolysis bin to ensure that the temperature of the pyrolysis bin is maintained between 500 - 700 °C. The first cyclone combustion chamber 17 and the second cyclone combustion chamber 41 are arranged in parallel in the secondary combustion chamber, and a heat insulation wall is arranged between the first cyclone combustion chamber and the second cyclone combustion chamber.

[0024] During operation, the combustible gases such as CO, H2, CH4, and C m H n produced by the pyrolysis of the pyrolysis bin are mixed with the gases produced by the combustion in the incineration bin to form a mixed combustible gas with a temperature above 700 °C. The mixed combustible gas enters the first flue gas passage 14 through the common air outlet 13. The first flue gas passage is connected to the first exhaust pipe 74 of the first cyclone combustion chamber, and the first flue gas passage is perpendicular to the first exhaust pipe. The first exhaust pipe is arranged vertically. The bottom of the first exhaust pipe is connected to the top of the first cyclone 73, the top of the first exhaust pipe is connected to a transition bin 75, and the bottom periphery of the first cyclone is connected to a first dust discharge pipe 72.

[0025] The transition bin is communicated with the second exhaust pipe 76 of the second cyclone combustion bin through the second flue gas passageway. The second flue gas passageway passes through the heat insulation wall and is communicated with the second exhaust pipe. The second exhaust pipe is vertically arranged, the bottom of the second exhaust pipe is communicated with the top of the second cyclone 54, the top of the second exhaust pipe is communicated with the third flue gas passageway, and a second dust discharge pipe 77 is arranged around the bottom of the second cyclone. A first secondary air inlet pipe is connected into the first flue gas passageway, and a second secondary air inlet pipe is connected at a position of the second flue gas passageway close to the second exhaust pipe.

[0026] The first dust discharge pipe and the second dust discharge pipe converge to a dust recovery extraction pipe 55. The dust recovery extraction pipe is communicated with the air inlet of the induced draft fan. The air outlet of the induced draft fan is communicated with a waste heat transfer pipe 39. The waste heat transfer pipe extends upward into the incineration bin. The pipe orifice of the waste heat transfer pipe in the incineration bin is arranged to incline downward. It is ensured that the dust gas converged in the dust recovery extraction pipe is completely discharged into the incineration bin.

[0027] There is only one flow direction for the mixed combustible gas generated by the incineration bin and the pyrolysis bin, and its flow direction is irreversible. The mixed combustible gas comes out from the common air outlet and enters the first flue gas passageway. After being mixed with the atmospheric gas in the first flue gas passageway, the mixed combustible gas is ignited. The burning gas flow enters the first cyclone combustion bin tangentially at a set flow rate of 14 - 18 m / s. As the burning gas flow continuously rotates and changes direction in the first cyclone, the mixed gas is fully mixed, and the combustion reaction tends to be complete. When the rotating gas flow touches the bottom of the bin from top to bottom, the light burning gas flow tending to the center position of the cyclone will touch the bottom and rotate upward reversely, and flow out from the top exhaust pipe. The heavy dust gas close to the wall of the first cyclone sinks and is thrown out from the first dust discharge port at the bottom of the first cyclone combustion bin and enters the dust gas recovery extraction pipe.

[0028] The light burning gas flow entering the transition bin enters the second exhaust pipe through the second flue gas passageway, is mixed and ignited with the atmospheric gas connected into the second exhaust pipe again. The burning gas flow enters the second cyclone combustion bin and continuously rotates in the second cyclone to achieve complete combustion. The lighter gas flow is discharged from the second exhaust pipe, and the heavier dust gas sinks and is discharged into the dust gas recovery extraction pipe through the second dust discharge pipe. The dust gas discharged into the dust gas recovery extraction pipe is sent into the incineration bin through the induced draft fan and the waste heat transfer pipe to continue to participate in incineration.

[0029] This technology of the present invention can achieve: ① strong turbulence of the burning gas flow to enable the mixed gas to achieve full combustion; ② the burning gas flow generates a dust removal effect to simplify the subsequent dust removal facilities; ③ the recovered high-temperature dust gas is recycled to further ensure the combustion energy supply capacity of the incineration bin.

Claims

1. A reflux heat utilization device for garbage pyrolysis treatment, having an incineration chamber (6) and a pyrolysis chamber (9) that is airtight and oxygen-free. The incineration chamber is located below the pyrolysis chamber, and is characterized in that: The incineration chamber and the pyrolysis chamber are connected to the first cyclone combustion chamber (17) through a common air outlet (13) and a first flue gas passage (14). The first cyclone combustion chamber is connected to the second cyclone combustion chamber (41) through a second flue gas passage (16). A first secondary air inlet pipe (15) is connected to the first flue gas passage, and a second secondary air inlet pipe (59) is connected to the second flue gas passage. A first dust discharge pipe (72) extends from the bottom of the first cyclone combustion chamber, and a second dust discharge pipe (77) extends from the bottom of the second cyclone combustion chamber. The first dust discharge pipe and the second dust discharge pipe converge to a dust recovery extraction pipe (55). The dust recovery extraction pipe is connected to the air inlet of a draft fan. A waste heat transfer pipe (39) is connected to the air outlet of the draft fan. The waste heat transfer pipe (39) extends all the way into the incineration chamber, and the nozzle of the waste heat transfer pipe is inclined downward. The first cyclone combustion chamber is equipped with a first cyclone cylinder (73). A transition chamber (75) is arranged above the first cyclone cylinder. The first cyclone cylinder is connected to the transition chamber through a first exhaust pipe (74). The periphery of the bottom of the first cyclone cylinder is connected to a first dust discharge pipe (72). The second cyclone combustion chamber is equipped with a second cyclone cylinder (54). A second exhaust pipe (76) is connected above the second cyclone cylinder. The periphery of the bottom of the second cyclone cylinder is connected to a second dust discharge pipe (77).

2. The reflux heat utilization device for waste pyrolysis treatment according to claim 1, wherein: The transition chamber is connected to the air inlet of the second flue gas passage, and the air outlet of the second flue gas passage is connected to the second exhaust pipe.

3. The reflux heat utilization device for waste pyrolysis treatment according to claim 1, characterized in that: A refractory wall is arranged between the first cyclone combustion chamber and the second cyclone combustion chamber.

4. The reflux heat utilization device for waste pyrolysis treatment according to claim 1, characterized in that: Near the second exhaust pipe of the second flue gas passage, a second secondary air inlet pipe is connected.

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