A lever linkage machine

Abstract

The invention discloses a lever linkage machine, comprising a lever device and a speed change device; the lever device comprises a crankshaft, a first connecting rod, a lever, and a second connecting rod; the crankshaft is connected to one end of two levers through two first connecting rods; the other ends of the two levers are respectively connected to one end of the second connecting rod; the speed change device comprises a ratchet, a first gear, a second gear, a third gear, a first gear shaft, a second gear shaft, and a third gear shaft; the first gear is mounted on the first gear shaft, and a ratchet is mounted on both ends of the first gear shaft; the second gear is mounted on the second gear shaft, and the second gear is meshed with the first gear; the third gear is mounted on the third gear shaft, and the third gear is meshed with the second gear, and the other end of the second connecting rod of the lever device is connected to two ratchets. The third gear shaft of the speed change device is connected to the crankshaft of the next lever device, and the other end of the second connecting rod of the next lever device is connected to two ratchets of the next speed change device, and the connections are cyclically connected in sequence.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of transmission machinery, and in particular to a lever linkage machine. Background Art

[0002] Transmission mechanism refers to a component or mechanism that transfers power from one part of a machine to another, making the machine or its parts move or operate. Mechanical transmission refers to the transmission that uses mechanical means to transmit power and motion. Generally, it can be divided into two categories: one is the transmission of power and friction transmission by friction between machine parts, and the other is the meshing transmission that transmits power or motion by meshing between the active part and the driven part or with the help of the meshing of the intermediate part.

[0003] However, the commonly used gear transmission mechanisms, chain transmission mechanisms, belt transmission mechanisms, worm gear transmission mechanisms, etc. all have high mechanical losses and cannot achieve the purpose of reducing energy consumption. With the rapid development of my country's economy, fuel-powered machinery will emit more pollution due to its high energy consumption. Therefore, countries around the world are actively developing new energy to replace fuel. How to reduce the energy consumption of the transmission mechanism and improve the transmission efficiency is a technical problem that needs to be solved urgently. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the defects and shortcomings of the prior art and provide a lever linkage machine which utilizes the lever principle to improve the output torque, has high transmission efficiency and low energy consumption.

[0005] The object of the present invention can be achieved by the following technical solution: a lever linkage machine, comprising two or more lever devices and a speed change device;

[0006] The lever device comprises a crankshaft, a first connecting rod, a lever and a second connecting rod. The crankshaft is connected to one end of two levers through two first connecting rods; the other ends of the two levers are respectively connected to one end of the second connecting rod.

[0007] The speed change device comprises a ratchet, a first gear, a second gear, a third gear, a first gear shaft, a second gear shaft and a third gear shaft; the first gear is mounted on the first gear shaft, and a ratchet is mounted on both ends of the first gear shaft; the second gear is mounted on the second gear shaft, and the second gear is meshed with the first gear; the third gear is mounted on the third gear shaft, and the third gear is meshed with the second gear;

[0008] The other end of the second connecting rod of the lever device is connected to two ratchets, the third gear shaft of the speed change device is connected to the crankshaft of the next lever device, and the other end of the second connecting rod of the next lever device is connected to the two ratchets of the next speed change device, and the connections are cyclically connected in sequence.

[0009] Furthermore, the first connecting rod comprises an upper connecting rod, a lower connecting rod, a piston and a cylinder, the top of the lower connecting rod is connected to the piston, the piston is covered with a cylinder, and the top of the piston is connected to the upper connecting rod. The purpose of setting the piston is to make the transmission more stable and to play a certain sealing role.

[0010] Furthermore, the structure of the second connecting rod is the same as that of the first connecting rod.

[0011] Furthermore, the second connecting rods include four rods, which are divided into two groups and connected to the other end of the lever respectively, and the bottom of each group of second connecting rods is connected to the two ends of the ratchet respectively. Each group of second connecting rods is connected to the two ends of the ratchet, and as the lever reciprocates up and down, the second connecting rod can drive the ratchet to rotate in one direction.

[0012] Furthermore, the ratchet presents a structure that is large in the middle and small at both ends, a disc is arranged in the middle of the ratchet, a tooth structure is arranged inside the disc, and a roller is arranged near each tooth structure. The roller can limit the ratchet to move in only one direction.

[0013] Furthermore, connecting rod mounting holes are provided at both ends of the ratchet wheel, and a first gear shaft mounting hole is provided in the middle portion, the first gear shaft mounting hole is matched with the first gear shaft, and the connecting rod mounting hole is matched with the two second connecting rods.

[0014] Furthermore, a spring structure is arranged on the surface of each tooth-shaped structure close to the roller, and the spring structure can play a certain buffering role.

[0015] Furthermore, the second gear includes a second large gear and a second small gear, the second large gear and the second small gear are both fixed on the second gear shaft, the second small gear is meshed with the first gear, and the second large gear is meshed with the third gear. The three sets of gears arranged in this way can make the input speed and the output speed basically consistent.

[0016] Furthermore, the crankshaft of the first lever device is connected to the external motor, and the third gear shaft of the last speed change device is used as the output shaft. With the external motor as the power source, the torque output by the output shaft will be several times the input torque.

[0017] Furthermore, the lever device is installed in the crankcase, and the speed change device is installed in the gearbox.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects: the lever linkage machine of the present invention utilizes the lever principle, which not only realizes force amplification and energy saving, but also enables the output speed of the third gear shaft of the last transmission device to reach the required speed, and has the advantages of convenient use and wide applicability. The lever linkage machine of the present invention can be widely used in transmissions of various types of machinery, vehicles, ships, aviation, etc., and has wide economic and social benefits. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a lever linkage machine in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A top view of

[0021] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure in which the lever device and the speed change device are respectively arranged in the crankcase and the gearbox in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a crankshaft in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a first connecting rod in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a speed change device in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a second gear in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 8 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the ratchet in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] Among them: 11: crankshaft, 11-1: balance weight, 11-2: connecting rod journal, 12: first connecting rod, 12-1: upper connecting rod, 12-2: lower connecting rod, 12-3: piston, 12-4: cylinder, 13: lever, 14: second connecting rod, 21: ratchet, 21-1: disc, 21-2: toothed structure, 21-3: roller, 21-4: first gear shaft mounting hole, 21-5: connecting rod mounting hole, 21-6: spring structure, 22: first gear, 23: second gear, 23-1: second large gear, 23-2: second small gear, 24: third gear, 25: first gear shaft, 26: second gear shaft, 27: third gear shaft, 3: crankcase, 4: gearbox. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with embodiments and drawings, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.

[0029] like Figure 1 , 2 As shown in FIG. 3 , a lever linkage machine includes two lever devices and two speed change devices. The lever device is installed in a crankcase 3, and the speed change device is installed in a gearbox 4. The lever device includes a crankshaft 11, a first connecting rod 12, a lever 13, and a second connecting rod 14. Figure 4As shown, the crankshaft 11 is provided with four counterweights 11-1, and a connecting rod journal 11-2 is provided between every two counterweights. One end of two first connecting rods 12 is mounted on the connecting rod journal 11-2, and the other end is connected to one end of two levers 13. Figure 5 As shown, the first connecting rod 12 includes an upper connecting rod 12-1, a lower connecting rod 12-2, a piston 12-3 and a cylinder 12-4. The top of the lower connecting rod 12-2 is connected to the piston 12-3, the piston 12-3 is covered with a cylinder 12-4, and the top of the piston is connected to the upper connecting rod 12-1. The upper connecting rod 12-1 and the lower connecting rod 12-2 are respectively provided with connecting holes. The connecting hole of the lower connecting rod 12-2 is sleeved on the connecting rod journal 11-2, and the connecting hole of the upper connecting rod 12-1 is connected to one end of the lever 13 through a pin or other fixing member. The other ends of the two levers 13 are connected to the tops of four second connecting rods 14. The four second connecting rods 14 are divided into two groups and are respectively arranged on both sides of the two levers 13. The structure of the second connecting rod 14 is consistent with that of the first connecting rod 12. The crankshaft in the first lever device is usually connected to an external motor. Driven by the external motor, the crankshaft 11 rotates, and the first connecting rod 12 reciprocates up and down as the crankshaft 11 rotates, thereby driving the lever 13 to reciprocate up and down.

[0030] like Figure 1 , 2 As shown in Figures 6 and 7, the speed change device includes a ratchet 21, a first gear 22, a second gear 23, a third gear 24, a first gear shaft 25, a second gear shaft 26 and a third gear shaft 27. The first gear 22 is mounted on the first gear shaft 25, and a ratchet is mounted at each end of the first gear shaft 25. Figure 8 As shown, the ratchet 21 presents a structure that is larger in the middle and smaller at both ends. Connecting rod mounting holes 21-5 are provided at both ends of the ratchet 21, and a first gear shaft mounting hole 21-4 is provided in the middle of the ratchet 21. The ratchet is connected and fixed to the first gear shaft 25 through the first gear mounting hole 21-4, and the connecting rod mounting holes 21-5 at both ends are fixedly connected to the bottom connecting holes of the second connecting rod 14 through pins or other fixings. The connecting rod mounting holes 21-5 are located at both ends of the ratchet, and their positions correspond to the connection positions of the second connecting rod 14 and the lever 13, so that the two second connecting rods 14 are in a position perpendicular to the axis of the ratchet 21. When the lever 13 reciprocates up and down, the two second connecting rods 14 will drive the ratchet 21 to rotate around the first gear shaft 25. Due to the special structure of the ratchet, the ratchet 21 only moves in one direction. Therefore, as the lever 13 reciprocates up and down, the rotation of the ratchet 21 will drive the first gear shaft 25 to rotate, thereby driving the first gear 22 to rotate. As shown Figure 8As shown, a disc 21-1 is arranged in the middle of the ratchet 21, and a tooth structure 21-2 is arranged inside the disc 21-1. A roller 21-3 is arranged near each tooth structure 21-2. A spring structure 21-6 is arranged on the end surface of the tooth structure 21-2 corresponding to the roller 21-3. The roller 21-3 can ensure that the ratchet rotates in one direction, for example, to ensure that the ratchet rotates in the direction of Figure 8 The ratchet wheel rotates counterclockwise. Figure 8 When the ratchet wheel rotates in the clockwise direction, the toothed structure 21-2 will press against the roller 21-3, and the spring structure 21-6 will play a certain buffering role to prevent the ratchet wheel from rotating in the clockwise direction.

[0031] The second gear 23 is mounted on the second gear shaft 25, and the second gear 23 is meshed with the first gear 22. Figure 3 , 6 As shown in Figure 7, the second gear 23 includes a second large gear 23-1 with a larger size, and a second small gear 23-2 with a smaller size. The second large gear 23-1 and the second small gear 23-2 are both fixed on the second gear shaft 26, the second small gear 23-2 is meshed with the first gear 22, and the second large gear 23-2 is meshed with the third gear 24. The third gear 24 is mounted on the third gear shaft 27, and the third gear 24 is meshed with the second large gear 23-2, thereby achieving the purpose of speed change. In this embodiment, three sets of gear transmission are used so that the speed transmitted by the crankshaft 11 is basically consistent with the third gear shaft 27. If other speed change purposes are to be achieved, the gear set can be reassembled and the appropriate gear parameters can be selected according to the required speed change effect.

[0032] from Figure 1 , 2 As can be seen from FIG. 3 , the first lever device is connected to the ratchet 21 of the first speed change device through the second connecting rod 14, the third gear shaft 27 of the first speed change device is connected to the crankshaft 11 of the second lever device, the second lever device is connected to the ratchet 21 of the second speed change device through the second connecting rod 14, and the third gear shaft 27 of the second speed change device serves as an output shaft to increase the input torque. According to the principle of this embodiment, there can be more than two lever devices, and the same speed change device can also be more than two. Multiple lever devices and speed change devices can refer to this embodiment and be connected in a circular manner in sequence.

[0033] The working principle of the present invention is: an external motor is used as a power source, and the external motor is connected to the crankshaft of the first lever device through a pulley, which is used as a power input to drive the crankshaft to operate. The operation of the crankshaft drives the first connecting rod to move up and down, and the lever also reciprocates up and down at the same time. The up and down reciprocating motion of the lever will drive the ratchet of the first speed change device to operate at the same speed. As the ratchet runs, it will drive three sets of gears to operate. The third gear shaft of the first speed change device serves as the input end of the crankshaft of the second lever device, which can drive the crankshaft of the second lever device to operate. According to the above principle, the second lever device transmits the force and speed to the second speed change device, and the third gear shaft of the second speed change device serves as the output shaft to output torque. By utilizing the principle of lever linkage, the device of the present invention can make the output torque several times the input torque, thereby achieving the purpose of improving transmission efficiency and reducing energy consumption.

[0034] The above-mentioned embodiments only express several implementation methods of the present invention, and the description thereof is relatively specific and detailed, but it cannot be understood as limiting the scope of the patent of the present invention. It should be pointed out that, for ordinary technicians in this field, several variations and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, which all belong to the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the patent of the present invention shall be subject to the attached claims.

Claims

1. A lever linkage machine, characterized in that: Includes two or more lever devices and speed change devices; The lever device comprises a crankshaft, a first connecting rod, a lever and a second connecting rod. The crankshaft is connected to one end of two levers through two first connecting rods; the other ends of the two levers are respectively connected to one end of the second connecting rod. The speed change device comprises a ratchet, a first gear, a second gear, a third gear, a first gear shaft, a second gear shaft and a third gear shaft; the first gear is mounted on the first gear shaft, and a ratchet is mounted on both ends of the first gear shaft; the second gear is mounted on the second gear shaft, and the second gear is meshed with the first gear; the third gear is mounted on the third gear shaft, and the third gear is meshed with the second gear; The other end of the second connecting rod of the lever device is connected to two ratchets, the third gear shaft of the speed change device is connected to the crankshaft of the next lever device, and the other end of the second connecting rod of the next lever device is connected to the two ratchets of the next speed change device, and the connection is cyclically connected in sequence; The first connecting rod comprises an upper connecting rod, a lower connecting rod, a piston and a cylinder, the top of the lower connecting rod is connected to the piston, the piston is covered with a cylinder, and the top of the piston is connected to the upper connecting rod; The structure of the second connecting rod is the same as that of the first connecting rod; The second connecting rods include four rods, which are divided into two groups and respectively connected to the other end of the lever, and the bottom of each group of second connecting rods is respectively connected to the two ends of the ratchet; The ratchet presents a structure that is large in the middle and small at both ends. A disc is arranged in the middle of the ratchet, a tooth structure is arranged inside the disc, and a roller is arranged near each tooth structure. The ratchet is provided with connecting rod mounting holes at both ends and a first gear shaft mounting hole in the middle; A spring structure is provided on the surface of each toothed structure close to the roller; The second gear includes a second large gear and a second small gear, the second large gear and the second small gear are both fixed on the second gear shaft, the second small gear is meshed with the first gear, and the second large gear is meshed with the third gear.

2. A lever linkage machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The crankshaft of the first lever device is connected to the external motor, and the third gear shaft of the last speed change device serves as the output shaft.

3. A lever linkage machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lever device is installed in the crankcase, and the speed change device is installed in the gearbox.

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