Horizontal well full-wellbore gas-liquid flow visualization simulation device, method and parameter selection method

Abstract

The present invention relates to a visualization simulation device, method and parameter selection method for gas-liquid flow in the entire wellbore of a horizontal well. The present invention belongs to the field of gas production in natural gas development. The visualization simulation device for gas-liquid flow in the entire wellbore of a horizontal well provided by the present invention includes a liquid supply device; a gas supply device; a gas-liquid mixing tank; a horizontal well simulation wellbore. The liquid outlet end of the liquid supply device and the gas outlet end of the gas supply device are connected to the multi-point injection holes on the pipe wall of the horizontal section through the gas-liquid mixing tank and a multi-way connector, and the liquid inlet end of the liquid supply device is connected to the outlet end of the vertical well section. The material of the horizontal well simulation wellbore in this application is transparent, and the particle image velocimetry and microwave holdup tester can be used to conduct simulation experiments and observations on the entire wellbore of the horizontal well, including the multi-point inflow horizontal section, the inclined well section with continuously changing well inclination angle and the vertical well section. It provides an important research means for the reasonable production management of horizontal wells and the implementation of later drainage gas production measures, and has strong guiding significance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of natural gas development and gas production, and specifically relates to a visualization simulation device, method and parameter selection method for gas-liquid flow in the entire wellbore of a horizontal well. Background Art

[0002] With the progress of engineering mining technology, the application ratio of horizontal wells in gas reservoir development is increasing continuously. To carry out reasonable production management of horizontal wells and implement later drainage gas production measures, it is necessary to analyze the overall gas-liquid flow law in the horizontal wellbore, determine the liquid-carrying capacity of the gas flow in each well section of the horizontal well, clarify the liquid accumulation process in the horizontal wellbore and the liquid drainage law after liquid accumulation.

[0003] In the development of horizontal wells, reservoir stimulation technologies such as perforation, fracturing, and acidification are mostly used. The wellbore in the horizontal section is a variable-mass gas-liquid multiphase flow with continuously increasing fluid mass in the flow direction. At the same time, due to the change in the flow direction in the three well sections of the horizontal section, inclined well section, and vertical well section from the bottom of the well to the wellhead, the overall gas-liquid flow law of the horizontal wellbore is quite different from that of conventional vertical wells. Currently, the existing experimental devices cannot consider the above influences as a whole and conduct comprehensive experimental analysis on the gas-water flow law in the horizontal wellbore.

[0004] Patent CN104776971A, a visualization experimental device for gas flow carrying liquid and sand, uses an experimental pipe section that can be arbitrarily rotated to study the critical liquid-carrying and sand-carrying flow rates of the gas flow; Patent CN103397876A, a visualization simulation experimental device for the liquid-carrying mechanism of complex structure wells, can conduct theoretical research on liquid-carrying in vertical wells or horizontal section gas wells separately. The above technical experimental devices can analyze a single well section of a horizontal well, but cannot conduct comprehensive analysis on the overall wellbore flow law of a horizontal well. In recent years, Xiao Gaomian, Wang Qi, Zhao Zhejun, etc. in China have respectively proposed visualization experimental devices for the overall liquid-carrying in the horizontal wellbore, but these experimental devices do not consider the variable-mass flow conditions in the horizontal section under actual production conditions. Patent CN108301821A, a visualization experimental device and method for liquid-carrying in a horizontal well, uses a horizontal section, a vertical well section, and a straight pipe orientation section with a variable inclination angle to form a visualization experimental device for liquid-carrying in a horizontal well, and can conduct research on the influence of condensate oil during the water-carrying process in a horizontal well; this device also does not consider the variable-mass flow conditions in the horizontal section of a horizontal well; at the same time, a straight pipe is used to analyze the flow law in the inclined well section, which is deviated from the actual process of the trajectory inclination angle of the horizontal wellbore gradually transitioning from the vertical well section to the horizontal section in the inclined well section.

[0005] Currently, there is no clear and systematic method in the existing technology for how to select the simulation experimental parameters of the gas-water flow law in the horizontal wellbore and how to analyze the liquid-carrying, liquid accumulation, and liquid drainage processes in a horizontal well. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The present invention provides a visualization simulation device, method and parameter selection method for gas-liquid flow in the entire wellbore of a horizontal well, aiming to solve the above problems and overcome the deficiencies in the prior art that the experimental device cannot analyze the overall flow law of the horizontal wellbore, the simulation process does not consider the variable mass flow condition of multi-point injection in the horizontal section, and at the same time, no clear experimental method and parameter selection method are provided.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0008] A visualization simulation device for gas-liquid flow in the entire wellbore of a horizontal well, comprising:

[0009] A liquid supply device;

[0010] A gas supply device;

[0011] A gas-liquid mixing tank;

[0012] A horizontal well simulation wellbore, which includes:

[0013] A vertical well section, which is made of a transparent material;

[0014] An inclined well section, which is made of a transparent material;

[0015] A horizontal section, which is made of a transparent material;

[0016] The vertical well section (14) is made of a transparent material;

[0017] The inclined well section is made of a transparent material, and the angle continuously changes from horizontal to vertical;

[0018] The horizontal section is made of a transparent material, and the pipe wall contains multiple injection holes;

[0019] The vertical well section is connected to the horizontal section through the inclined well section;

[0020] An on-line monitoring and control system, which includes:

[0021] A control system;

[0022] A temperature and pressure integrated sensor, and multiple temperature and pressure integrated sensors are connected in parallel inside the horizontal well simulation wellbore;

[0023] A particle image velocimeter, and three particle image velocimeters are respectively located outside the horizontal section, the inclined well section and the vertical well section, and the shooting end of the particle image velocimeter faces the wellbore;

[0024] A microwave liquid holdup tester, and three microwave liquid holdup testers are respectively located outside the horizontal section, the inclined well section and the vertical well section, and the measuring end of the microwave liquid holdup tester faces the wellbore;

[0025] The particle image velocimeter and the microwave holdup tester can move to any position along the sliding rod.

[0026] The temperature and pressure integrated sensor, the particle image velocimeter and the microwave holdup tester are respectively electrically connected to the control system;

[0027] The liquid outlet end of the liquid supply device and the gas outlet end of the gas supply device are connected to the multi-point injection holes in the horizontal section through a gas-liquid mixing tank. The liquid inlet end of the liquid supply device is connected to the outlet end of the vertical well section.

[0028] There is a multi-way connector between the gas-liquid mixing tank and the horizontal section. There are injection holes corresponding to the multi-way connector on the wall of the horizontal section. The gas-liquid mixing tank is connected to the horizontal section through the multi-way connector and the injection holes; there is 1 gas-liquid two-phase flowmeter on each branch between the multi-way connector and the horizontal section.

[0029] There is a gas-liquid separation device between the liquid inlet end of the liquid supply device and the vertical well section. The inlet of the gas-liquid separation device is connected to the vertical well section, and the liquid outlet of the gas-liquid separation device is connected to the liquid supply device.

[0030] The gas-liquid separation device has an upper vent valve and a lower drain valve. The upper vent valve is communicated with the atmosphere, and the lower drain valve is connected to the liquid supply device.

[0031] The liquid supply device includes a liquid storage tank, a centrifugal pump, an injection liquid throttle valve, a turbine flowmeter and an injection liquid temperature and pressure integrated sensor. The liquid storage tank, the centrifugal pump, the injection liquid throttle valve and the turbine flowmeter are connected in sequence, and the injection liquid temperature and pressure integrated sensor is connected in parallel at the outlet of the turbine flowmeter.

[0032] The gas supply device includes an air compressor, a gas storage tank, an injection gas throttle valve, a gas flowmeter and an injection gas temperature and pressure integrated sensor. The air compressor, the gas storage tank, the injection gas throttle valve and the gas flowmeter are connected in sequence, and the injection gas temperature and pressure integrated sensor is connected in parallel at the outlet of the gas flowmeter.

[0033] It further includes:

[0034] The injection gas temperature and pressure integrated sensor is connected in parallel inside the gas supply device;

[0035] The injection liquid temperature and pressure integrated sensor is connected in parallel inside the liquid supply device;

[0036] The injection gas temperature and pressure integrated sensor and the injection liquid temperature and pressure integrated sensor are respectively electrically connected to the control system.

[0037] A method for selecting the visual parameters of the gas-liquid flow in the entire wellbore of a horizontal well, which is used for a visual simulation device for gas-liquid flow in the entire wellbore of a horizontal well in any one of the above embodiments, including:

[0038] When conducting the simulation experiment on the gas-liquid flow law in horizontal wells, the critical liquid-carrying gas volume determined by the existing critical liquid-carrying flow rate model for horizontal wells is used as the basis for parameter selection, and the gas injection volume higher than, close to, or lower than the critical point is selected. During the experiment, relevant data such as the liquid holdup, gas-phase velocity, liquid-phase velocity, temperature, and pressure are recorded.

[0039] The visualization simulation method for gas-liquid flow in the entire wellbore of a horizontal well, which is used for a visualization simulation device for gas-liquid flow in the entire wellbore of a horizontal well in any of the above embodiments. When conducting the critical liquid-carrying flow rate experiment measurement for a horizontal well, it includes the following steps:

[0040] Step 1: Close the gas supply device and open the liquid supply device to inject water into the horizontal section.

[0041] Step 2: Keep the injection water pressure and injection water volume of the liquid supply device unchanged. At the same time, open the gas supply device and mix water and gas through the gas-liquid mixing tank. Adjust the gas injection volume to the critical liquid-carrying gas volume determined by the critical liquid-carrying flow rate model, record the parameter data of the temperature-pressure integrated sensor, particle image velocimeter, and microwave liquid holdup tester in the horizontal wellbore, and observe the experimental phenomena.

[0042] Step 3: Adjust the gas injection volume near the critical liquid-carrying gas volume of the critical liquid-carrying flow rate model of the horizontal well. At the same time, record the parameter data of the temperature-pressure integrated sensor, particle image velocimeter, and microwave liquid holdup tester in the horizontal well, and determine the critical liquid-carrying gas volume at which the horizontal well can continuously carry liquid in combination with the experimental phenomena.

[0043] The visualization simulation method for gas-liquid flow in the entire wellbore of a horizontal well, which is used for a visualization simulation device for gas-liquid flow in the entire wellbore of a horizontal well in any of the above embodiments. When conducting the experimental measurement of wellbore liquid accumulation in a horizontal well, it includes the following steps:

[0044] Step 1: Open the liquid injection system and the injection system simultaneously, adjust the gas injection volume and the injection water volume, and keep the gas injection volume 10 orders of magnitude higher than the critical liquid-carrying gas volume of the horizontal well.

[0045] Step 2: Continuously inject the fluid until the gas-liquid two-phase flow in the simulated wellbore reaches a stable flow state, and online read and record the relevant measurement parameters.

[0046] Step 3: Reduce the injection gas volume to be close to the critical liquid-carrying gas volume, and keep the stable injection for a period of time, and online read and record the relevant measurement parameters.

[0047] Step 4: Continuously reduce the injection gas volume below the critical liquid-carrying gas volume of the horizontal well, such as 1 / 10 of the liquid-carrying gas volume or a determined data value. At each gas volume point, keep a certain gas volume and liquid volume injected for 10 minutes, observe the liquid fallback phenomenon in the horizontal wellbore and the process of wellbore liquid accumulation increase, and online read and record the relevant measurement parameters.

[0048] Horizontal well full-wellbore gas-liquid flow visualization simulation method, a horizontal well full-wellbore gas-liquid flow visualization simulation device for any one of the above embodiments, when conducting a liquid drainage experiment in a horizontal wellbore, includes the following steps:

[0049] Step 1: Close the gas supply device, open the liquid supply device, and inject water to a specific height in a specific well section of the horizontal well.

[0050] Step 2: Close the liquid supply device, simultaneously open the gas supply device and adjust the gas injection volume to the critical liquid-carrying gas volume of the horizontal well, record the parameter data of the temperature and pressure integrated sensor, particle image velocimeter, and microwave liquid holdup tester in the horizontal well, and observe the gas-liquid flow phenomenon in the water wellbore.

[0051] Step 3: Gradually increase the gas injection volume above the critical liquid-carrying gas volume predicted by the critical liquid-carrying flow rate model of the horizontal well, record the parameter data of the temperature and pressure integrated sensor, particle image velocimeter, and microwave liquid holdup tester in the horizontal well, determine the critical liquid-carrying gas volume of the horizontal well in combination with the experimental phenomena, and observe the liquid drainage situation in the water wellbore.

[0052] The beneficial effect of the present invention is that the simulated wellbore material of the horizontal well in this application is transparent, and the entire wellbore under variable mass flow conditions of the horizontal well can be experimentally observed through a particle image velocimeter and a microwave liquid holdup tester, so as to master the overall gas-liquid flow law of the full wellbore of the horizontal well. It provides an important research means for the reasonable production management of horizontal wells and the implementation of later drainage and gas production measures, and has strong guiding significance. Description of the Drawings

[0053] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the horizontal well full-wellbore gas-liquid flow visualization simulation device of the present invention;

[0054] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the connection between the gas-liquid mixing tank and the horizontal section in the horizontal well full-wellbore gas-liquid flow visualization simulation device of the present invention;

[0055] 1. Air compressor; 2. Gas storage tank; 3. Gas injection throttle valve; 4. Gas flowmeter; 5. Temperature and pressure integrated sensor for gas injection; 6. Liquid storage tank; 7. Centrifugal pump; 8. Liquid injection throttle valve; 9. Turbine flowmeter; 10. Temperature and pressure integrated sensor for liquid injection; 11. Gas-liquid mixing tank; 12. Horizontal section; 13. Inclined well section; 14. Vertical well section; 15. First valve; 16. Gas-liquid separation device; 17. Lower end liquid drainage valve; 18. Upper end gas release valve; 19. Second valve; 20. Temperature and pressure integrated sensor; 21. Support; 22. Slide bar; 23. Particle image velocimeter; 24. Microwave liquid holdup tester; 25. Control system. Detailed Embodiments

[0056] Next, the horizontal well full-wellbore gas-liquid flow visualization simulation solution provided by the embodiments of the present invention will be introduced in detail through several specific embodiments.

[0057] Embodiment 1

[0058] Please refer to Figure 1 , which shows a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the horizontal well full-wellbore gas-liquid flow visualization simulation device of the present invention. The horizontal well full-wellbore gas-liquid flow visualization simulation device includes:

[0059] A liquid supply device;

[0060] A gas supply device;

[0061] A gas-liquid mixing tank 11;

[0062] A horizontal well simulation wellbore, and the horizontal well simulation wellbore includes:

[0063] A vertical well section 14, and the vertical well section 14 is made of a transparent material;

[0064] An inclined well section 13, and the inclined well section 13 is made of a transparent material, and the angle continuously changes from horizontal to vertical;

[0065] A horizontal section 12, and the horizontal section 12 is made of a transparent material, and the pipe wall is provided with a plurality of injection holes;

[0066] The vertical well section 14 is connected to the horizontal section 12 through the inclined well section 13;

[0067] An on-line monitoring and control system, and the on-line monitoring and control system includes:

[0068] A control system 25;

[0069] A temperature and pressure integrated sensor 20, and a plurality of temperature and pressure integrated sensors 20 are connected in parallel inside the horizontal well simulation wellbore;

[0070] A particle image velocimeter 23, and 3 particle image velocimeters 23 are respectively located outside the horizontal section 12, the inclined well section 13, and the vertical well section 14, and the shooting end of the particle image velocimeter 23 faces the wellbore;

[0071] A microwave holdup tester 24, and 3 microwave holdup testers 24 are respectively located outside the horizontal section 12, the inclined well section 13, and the vertical well section 14, and the measuring end of the microwave holdup tester 24 faces the wellbore;

[0072] The particle image velocimeter 23 and the microwave holdup tester 24 can be arbitrary along the slide rod 22

[0073] The temperature and pressure integrated sensor 20, the particle image velocimeter 23, and the microwave holdup tester 24 are respectively electrically connected to the control system 25;

[0074] The liquid outlet end of the liquid supply device and the gas outlet end of the gas supply device are connected to the horizontal section 12 through a gas-liquid mixing tank 11, and the liquid inlet end of the liquid supply device is connected to the vertical well section 14.

[0075] In the above embodiment, the horizontal well simulated wellbore is composed of a transparent vertical well section 14, an inclined well section 13, and a horizontal section 12. During the experiment, the experimenter can observe the entire experimental process in the well throughout, and the transparent horizontal well simulated wellbore facilitates the all-round monitoring of the experiment by the microwave liquid holdup tester 24 and the particle image velocimeter 23.

[0076] During the experiment, the liquid supply device is used to simulate the downhole liquid, the gas supply device is used to simulate the downhole gas, and the gas-liquid mixing tank 11 is used to mix the supplied liquid and gas to create a critical liquid-carrying flow rate model for the horizontal well.

[0077] In the experiment, the gas-liquid mixing tank 11 transports the gas-liquid mixed liquid into the well, and the well data is monitored by the temperature and pressure integrated sensor 20, the particle image velocimeter 23, and the microwave liquid holdup tester 24, and the data measured by the temperature and pressure integrated sensor 20, the particle image velocimeter 23, and the microwave liquid holdup tester 24 is collected.

[0078] In the experiment, since the output end of the liquid supply device is connected to the horizontal section 12 and the input end of the liquid supply device is connected to the vertical well section 14, liquid recycling can be formed; and during the experiment, the supply amounts of the liquid supply device and the gas supply device can be adjusted. When it is necessary to adjust to the critical liquid-carrying gas volume of the critical liquid-carrying flow rate model of the horizontal well, the gas-liquid state inside the horizontal section 12 can be monitored according to the microwave liquid holdup tester 24 and the particle image velocimeter 23, and the relative gas supply amount can be further adjusted according to the monitored data, and finally adjusted to the critical liquid-carrying gas volume of the critical liquid-carrying flow rate model of the horizontal well.

[0079] The temperature and pressure integrated sensor 20, the particle image velocimeter 23, and the microwave liquid holdup tester 24 send the test data into the control system 25, and the control system 25 records it and displays the measured data to the measurement personnel.

[0080] Furthermore, this embodiment is applied to the full-wellbore gas-liquid flow experiment with variable mass flow in a horizontal well.

[0081] Embodiment 2

[0082] Furthermore, please refer to Figure 2 , another embodiment of the full-wellbore gas-liquid flow visualization simulation device for a horizontal well of the present invention. There is a multi-way connector 1201 between the gas-liquid mixing tank 11 and the horizontal section 12, and there is an injection hole 1204 corresponding to the multi-way connector 1201 on the horizontal section 12. The gas-liquid mixing tank 11 is connected to the horizontal section 12 through the multi-way connector 1201 and the injection hole 1204.

[0083] In the above embodiment, the gas-liquid mixing tank 11 injects the fluid of the gas-liquid two-phase into the horizontal section 12 through the multi-way connector 1201 to accurately simulate the multi-point inflow of the fluid in the horizontal section 12 during production, and the distribution of the gas-liquid two-phase in the horizontal section 12 can be observed.

[0084] Furthermore, outside the horizontal section 12, the inclined well section 13, and the vertical well section 12, there are supports 21 and sliding rods 22. The sliding rods 22 are fixed on the supports 21. The sliding rods 22 are parallel to the horizontal section 12. The particle image velocimeter 23 and the microwave holdup tester 24 are slidably connected along the length direction of the sliding rods 22.

[0085] Furthermore, a first valve 15 for opening and closing the pipeline at this location is provided on the pipeline between the vertical well section 14 and the gas-liquid separation device 16. On the pipeline between the gas-liquid separation device 16 and the liquid storage tank 6, there is a second valve 19 for opening and closing the pipeline at this location.

[0086] Furthermore, in another embodiment of the horizontal well full-wellbore gas-liquid flow visualization simulation device of the present invention, there are multiple gas-liquid two-phase flow meters 1203 between the multi-way connector 1201 and the horizontal section 12, and gas-liquid two-phase flow meters 1203 are provided on each branch of the multi-way connector 1201.

[0087] In the above embodiment, when obtaining various data of the horizontal section 12, the flow rate data injected into the horizontal section 12 by the multi-way connector 1201 also needs to be statistically analyzed. Obtaining this data can further optimize the accuracy of the entire experimental data.

[0088] Embodiment 3

[0089] Furthermore, please refer to Figure 1 , in another embodiment of the horizontal well full-wellbore gas-liquid flow visualization simulation device of the present invention, there is a gas-liquid separation device 16 between the liquid supply end of the liquid supply device and the vertical well section 14. The inlet of the gas-liquid separation device 16 is connected to the vertical well section 14, and the liquid outlet of the gas-liquid separation device 16 is connected to the liquid supply device.

[0090] In the above embodiment, the gas-liquid separation device 16 is used to separate the gas-liquid mixed liquid in the vertical well section 14, so that when the liquid supply device circulates the liquid in the horizontal well simulation wellbore, in the next step, it can better cooperate with the gas supply device to ensure that the gas-liquid mixing tank 11 can provide a gas-liquid mixed liquid with a stable gas content.

[0091] Embodiment 4

[0092] Furthermore, please refer to Figure 1, Another embodiment of the horizontal well full wellbore gas-liquid flow visualization simulation device of the present invention, the gas-liquid separation device 16 has an upper vent valve 18 and a lower liquid discharge valve 17. The upper vent valve 18 is communicated with the atmosphere, and the lower liquid discharge valve 17 is connected to the liquid supply device.

[0093] In the above embodiment, the upper vent valve 18 of the gas-liquid separation device 16 is an exhaust port, and the lower liquid discharge valve 17 of the gas-liquid separation device 16 is a liquid discharge port.

[0094] Embodiment 5

[0095] Furthermore, please refer to Figure 1 , Another embodiment of the horizontal well full wellbore gas-liquid flow visualization simulation device of the present invention, the liquid supply device includes a liquid storage tank 6, a centrifugal pump 7, a liquid injection throttle valve 8, a turbine flowmeter 9 and a liquid injection temperature and pressure integrated sensor 10. The liquid storage tank 6, the centrifugal pump 7, the liquid injection throttle valve 8 and the turbine flowmeter 9 are connected in sequence, and the liquid injection temperature and pressure integrated sensor 10 is connected in parallel at the outlet of the turbine flowmeter 9.

[0096] In the above embodiment, the liquid supply device is composed of a liquid storage tank 6, a centrifugal pump 7, a liquid injection throttle valve 8, a turbine flowmeter 9 and a liquid injection temperature and pressure integrated sensor 10. The liquid injection temperature and pressure integrated sensor 10 is used to monitor the temperature and pressure of the liquid supplied by the liquid supply device, and this data is collected by the control system 25.

[0097] Embodiment 6

[0098] Furthermore, please refer to Figure 1 , Another embodiment of the horizontal well full wellbore gas-liquid flow visualization simulation device of the present invention, the gas supply device includes an air compressor 1, a gas storage tank 2, a gas injection throttle valve 3, a gas flowmeter 4 and a gas injection temperature and pressure integrated sensor 5. The air compressor 1, the gas storage tank 2, the gas injection throttle valve 3 and the gas flowmeter 4 are connected in sequence, and the gas injection temperature and pressure integrated sensor 5 is connected in parallel at the outlet of the gas flowmeter 4.

[0099] In the above embodiment, the gas supply device includes an air compressor 1, a gas storage tank 2, a gas injection throttle valve 3, a gas flowmeter 4 and a gas injection temperature and pressure integrated sensor 5. The gas injection temperature and pressure integrated sensor 5 is used to monitor the temperature and pressure of the gas supplied by the gas supply device, and this data is collected by the control system 25.

[0100] Embodiment 7

[0101] Furthermore, please refer to Figure 1 , Another embodiment of the horizontal well full wellbore gas-liquid flow visualization simulation device of the present invention, further includes:

[0102] A gas injection temperature and pressure integrated sensor 5, the gas injection temperature and pressure integrated sensor 5 is connected in parallel inside the gas supply device;

[0103] The liquid injection temperature and pressure integrated sensor 10 is connected in parallel inside the liquid supply device;

[0104] The gas injection temperature and pressure integrated sensor 5 and the liquid injection temperature and pressure integrated sensor 10 are respectively electrically connected to the control system 25.

[0105] In the above embodiment, the gas injection temperature and pressure integrated sensor 5 is used to monitor the temperature and pressure of the gas supplied by the gas supply device, and the data is collected by the control system 25. The liquid injection temperature and pressure integrated sensor 10 is used to monitor the temperature and pressure of the liquid supplied by the liquid supply device, and the data is collected by the control system 25.

[0106] Embodiment 8

[0107] The method for selecting the visualization parameters of the gas-liquid flow in the entire horizontal wellbore of the present invention is used for a horizontal well full-wellbore gas-liquid flow visualization simulation device in any one of Embodiments 1 to 7, and includes:

[0108] When analyzing the liquid-carrying law of horizontal wells and simulating the process of liquid accumulation or drainage, the liquid-carrying gas volume critical point determined by the existing horizontal well critical liquid-carrying flow rate model is used as the basis for parameter selection, and the gas injection volume higher than, close to, or lower than the critical point is selected.

[0109] In the above embodiment, there are currently some simulation experimental devices for the gas-water flow law in horizontal wellbores, but there is no clear and systematic method for how to select simulation experimental parameters and how to analyze the flow pattern and liquid-carrying and liquid-accumulation processes of horizontal wells. In this embodiment, the liquid-carrying gas volume critical point determined by the existing horizontal well critical liquid-carrying flow rate model is used as the basis for parameter selection, and the gas injection volume higher than, close to, or lower than the critical point is selected, which is convenient for parameter selection in the experiment.

[0110] Specifically, in one embodiment, when analyzing the critical liquid-carrying flow rate in the inclined well section, the critical liquid-carrying flow rate under the predicted simulation conditions of the inclined well section critical liquid-carrying model of Belfroid can be:

[0111]

[0112] And initially select the experimental parameters higher than, close to, and lower than the liquid-carrying flow rate, and further adjust and record the parameters in combination with the experimental phenomena.

[0113] Embodiment 9

[0114] A horizontal well full-wellbore gas-liquid flow visualization simulation method of the present invention is used for a horizontal well full-wellbore gas-liquid flow visualization simulation device in any one of Embodiments 1 to 7. When performing the experimental determination of the critical liquid-carrying flow rate of a horizontal well, the following steps are included:

[0115] Step 1: Close the gas supply device and open the liquid supply device to inject water into the horizontal section;

[0116] Step 2: Keep the injection water pressure and injection water volume of the liquid supply device unchanged. At the same time, open the gas supply device and mix water and gas through the gas-liquid mixing tank. Adjust the gas injection volume to the critical liquid-carrying gas volume determined by the critical liquid-carrying flow model, record the parameter data of the temperature-pressure integrated sensor, particle image velocimeter, and microwave liquid holdup tester in the horizontal wellbore, and observe the experimental phenomena.

[0117] Step 3: Adjust the gas injection volume near the critical liquid-carrying gas volume of the critical liquid-carrying flow model of the horizontal well. At the same time, record the parameter data of the temperature-pressure integrated sensor, particle image velocimeter, and microwave liquid holdup tester in the horizontal well, and determine the critical liquid-carrying gas volume at which the horizontal well can continuously carry liquid in combination with the experimental phenomena.

[0118] Specifically, first close the gas injection throttle valve 3 and open the liquid injection throttle valve 8. Adjust the water injection volume. The injected gas passes through the gas-liquid mixing tank 11 and is injected into the pipeline at multiple points in the horizontal section 12, enters the horizontal section and reaches a specific height in the horizontal section. Then, keep the injection water pressure and injection water volume unchanged, open the gas injection throttle valve 3, adjust the gas injection throttle valve 3, and adjust the gas injection volume to the critical liquid-carrying gas volume calculated by the common liquid-carrying model. The injected gas passes through the gas-liquid mixing tank 11 and the injection pipeline at multiple points in the horizontal section, enters the simulated well section, and the PC online transmission and control system reads and records the relevant measurement parameters... Gradually adjust the injected gas volume and stably observe for 10 minutes until a certain specific well section of the vertical well section 14, inclined well section 13, or horizontal well section 12 reaches a stable continuous liquid-carrying state. The PC online transmission and control system reads and records the relevant measurement parameters, and determines the critical liquid-carrying gas volume of the horizontal well in combination with the experimental phenomena.

[0119] Example 10

[0120] A visualization simulation method for gas-liquid flow in the entire wellbore of a horizontal well according to the present invention is used for a visualization simulation device for gas-liquid flow in the entire wellbore of a horizontal well in any one of Examples 1 to 7. When performing the experimental measurement of liquid accumulation in the horizontal wellbore, it includes the following steps:

[0121] Step 1: Open the liquid injection system and the injection system simultaneously, adjust the gas injection volume and the water injection volume, and keep the gas injection volume 10 orders of magnitude higher than the critical liquid-carrying gas volume of the horizontal well.

[0122] Step 2: Continuously inject the fluid until the gas-liquid two-phase flow in the simulated wellbore reaches a stable flow state, and online read and record the relevant measurement parameters;

[0123] Step 3: Reduce the injected gas volume to be close to the critical liquid-carrying gas volume, keep the stable injection for a period of time, and online read and record the relevant measurement parameters.

[0124] Step 4: Continuously reduce the gas injection volume to below the critical liquid-carrying gas volume of the horizontal well, such as 1 / 10 of the liquid-carrying gas volume or a predefined data value. At each gas volume point, maintain a certain gas volume and liquid volume injection for 10 minutes, observe the liquid fallback phenomenon in the horizontal wellbore and the process of liquid accumulation in the wellbore, and online read and record relevant measurement parameters.

[0125] Specifically, first, simultaneously open the liquid injection throttle valve 8 and the gas injection throttle valve 3, adjust the gas injection volume and the liquid injection volume, maintain the gas injection volume 10 orders of magnitude higher than the critical liquid-carrying gas volume of the horizontal well, continuously inject the fluid until the gas-liquid two-phase flow in the simulated wellbore reaches a stable flow state, and online read and record relevant measurement parameters; then, adjust the gas injection throttle valve 3 to reduce the gas injection volume to near the critical liquid-carrying gas volume, maintain a stable injection for 10 minutes, and online read and record relevant measurement parameters; once again adjust the gas injection throttle valve 3 to reduce the gas injection volume below the critical liquid-carrying gas volume of the horizontal well, 1 / 10 of the liquid-carrying gas volume or a predefined data value, maintain a certain gas volume and liquid volume injection, continuously observe the liquid fallback phenomenon in the horizontal wellbore and the process of liquid accumulation in the wellbore, and online read and record relevant measurement parameters.

[0126] Example 11

[0127] A visualization simulation method for gas-liquid flow in the entire wellbore of a horizontal well according to the present invention is used for a visualization simulation device for gas-liquid flow in the entire wellbore of a horizontal well in any one of Examples 1 to 7. When conducting a liquid drainage experiment in the horizontal wellbore, it includes the following steps:

[0128] Step 1: Close the gas supply device, open the liquid supply device, and inject water to a specific height in a specific well section of the horizontal well.

[0129] Step 2: Close the liquid supply device, simultaneously open the gas supply device, and adjust the gas injection volume to the critical liquid-carrying gas volume of the horizontal well, record the parameter data of the temperature-pressure integrated sensor, particle image velocimeter, and microwave liquid holdup tester in the horizontal well, and observe the gas-liquid flow phenomenon in the water wellbore.

[0130] Step 3: Gradually increase the gas injection volume above the critical liquid-carrying gas volume predicted by the critical liquid-carrying flow rate model of the horizontal well, record the parameter data of the temperature-pressure integrated sensor, particle image velocimeter, and microwave liquid holdup tester in the horizontal well, determine the critical liquid-carrying gas volume of the horizontal well in combination with the experimental phenomena, and observe the liquid drainage situation in the water wellbore.

[0131] Specifically, first, close the gas injection throttle valve 3, open the liquid injection throttle valve 8, adjust the water injection volume. The injected gas passes through the gas-liquid mixing tank 11 and is injected into the pipeline at the branch point of the horizontal section 12, enters the horizontal section and reaches a specific height at a specific well section of the horizontal wellbore. Then, close the liquid injection throttle valve 8, open the gas injection throttle valve 3, adjust the injected gas volume to the critical liquid-carrying gas volume of the horizontal well, maintain a stable injection for 10 minutes, and read and record relevant measurement parameters online. Again, adjust the gas injection throttle valve 3 to increase the injected gas volume above the critical liquid-carrying gas volume of the horizontal well, continuously observe the liquid drainage process in the horizontal wellbore, and read and record relevant measurement parameters online.

[0132] Embodiment 12

[0133] Further, another embodiment of the method for visual simulation of gas-liquid flow in the entire wellbore of a horizontal well according to the present invention further includes:

[0134] Step 4, record the gas supply data in the gas supply device and the liquid supply data in the liquid supply device corresponding to a specific time period.

[0135] In the above embodiments, recording the gas supply volume of the gas supply device and the liquid supply volume data of the liquid supply device with a life cycle can make the measured experimental data more accurate.

[0136] It should be noted that all directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, back...) in this embodiment are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement conditions between components in a specific posture (as shown in the drawings). If this specific posture changes, the directional indications will also change accordingly.

[0137] In addition, the descriptions involving "first", "second", etc. are only for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, the features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of such features.

[0138] The technical solutions between various embodiments can be combined with each other, but it must be based on the ability of those of ordinary skill in the art to implement. When the combination of technical solutions results in contradictions or cannot be implemented, it should be considered that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the protection scope required by the present invention.

Claims

1. A visualization simulation method for gas-liquid flow in the entire wellbore of a horizontal well, characterized in that, it includes: A visualization simulation device for gas-liquid flow in the entire wellbore of a horizontal well, and the visualization simulation device for gas-liquid flow in the entire wellbore of a horizontal well includes: A liquid supply device; A gas supply device; A gas-liquid mixing tank (11); A simulated wellbore of a horizontal well, and the simulated wellbore of a horizontal well includes: A vertical well section (14), and the vertical well section (14) is made of a transparent material; An inclined well section (13), and the inclined well section (13) is made of a transparent material; A horizontal section (12), and the horizontal section (12) is made of a transparent material; The vertical well section (14) is connected to the horizontal section (12) through the inclined well section (13); An on-line monitoring and control system, and the on-line monitoring and control system includes: A control system (25); A temperature and pressure integrated sensor (20), and a plurality of temperature and pressure integrated sensors (20) are connected in parallel inside the simulated wellbore of the horizontal well; A particle image velocimeter (23), the particle image velocimeter (23) is located outside the horizontal section (12), and the shooting end of the particle image velocimeter (23) faces the horizontal section (12); A microwave liquid holdup tester (24), the microwave liquid holdup tester (24) is located outside the horizontal section (12), and the measuring end of the microwave liquid holdup tester (24) faces the horizontal section (12); The temperature and pressure integrated sensor (20), the particle image velocimeter (23), and the microwave liquid holdup tester (24) are respectively electrically connected to the control system (25); The liquid outlet end of the liquid supply device and the gas outlet end of the gas supply device are connected to the horizontal section (12) through the gas-liquid mixing tank (11), and the liquid inlet end of the liquid supply device is connected to the vertical well section (14); There is a multi-way connector (1201) between the gas-liquid mixing tank (11) and the horizontal section (12), there is an injection hole (1204) corresponding to the multi-way connector (1201) on the horizontal section (12), and the gas-liquid mixing tank (11) is connected to the horizontal section (12) through the multi-way connector (1201) and the injection hole (1204); There are a plurality of gas-liquid two-phase flow meters (1203) between the multi-way connector (1201) and the horizontal section (12), and a gas-liquid two-phase flow meter (1203) is arranged on each branch of the multi-way connector (1201); There is a gas-liquid separation device (16) between the liquid inlet end of the liquid supply device and the vertical well section (14); the inlet of the gas-liquid separation device (16) is connected to the vertical well section (14); The liquid supply device includes a liquid storage tank (6), a centrifugal pump (7), an injection liquid throttle valve (8), a turbine flow meter (9) and an injection liquid temperature and pressure integrated sensor (10), the liquid storage tank (6), the centrifugal pump (7), the injection liquid throttle valve (8) and the turbine flow meter (9) are connected in sequence, and the injection liquid temperature and pressure integrated sensor (10) is connected in parallel at the outlet of the turbine flow meter (9); The gas supply device includes an air compressor (1), a gas storage tank (2), an injection gas throttle valve (3), a gas flow meter (4) and an injection gas temperature and pressure integrated sensor (5), the air compressor (1), the gas storage tank (2), the injection gas throttle valve (3) and the gas flow meter (4) are connected in sequence, and the injection gas temperature and pressure integrated sensor (5) is connected in parallel at the outlet of the gas flow meter (4); It further includes: A temperature and pressure integrated sensor for injection gas (5), which is connected in parallel inside the gas supply device; A temperature and pressure integrated sensor for injection liquid (10), which is connected in parallel inside the liquid supply device; The temperature and pressure integrated sensor for injection gas (5) and the temperature and pressure integrated sensor for injection liquid (10) are respectively electrically connected to the control system (25); The liquid outlet of the gas-liquid separation device (16) is connected to the liquid supply device; The gas-liquid separation device (16) has an upper vent valve (18) and a lower drain valve (17). The upper vent valve (18) is communicated with the atmosphere, and the lower drain valve (17) is connected to the liquid supply device; The experimental process is as follows: Open the injection liquid throttle valve (8) and the injection gas throttle valve (3) simultaneously, adjust the injection gas volume and injection water volume, keep the injection gas volume 10 orders of magnitude higher than the critical liquid-carrying gas volume of the horizontal well, continuously inject the fluid until the gas-liquid two-phase flow in the simulated wellbore reaches a stable flow state, and read and record relevant measurement parameters online; Then, adjust the injection gas throttle valve (3), reduce the injection gas volume to be close to the critical liquid-carrying gas volume, keep a stable injection for 10 minutes, and read and record relevant measurement parameters online; Adjust the injection gas throttle valve (3) again, reduce the injection gas volume below the critical liquid-carrying gas volume of the horizontal well, the injection gas volume is 1 / 10 of the critical liquid-carrying gas volume of the horizontal well or a certain data value, keep a certain gas volume and liquid volume injection, continuously observe the liquid fallback phenomenon in the horizontal wellbore and the process of wellbore liquid accumulation increase, and read and record relevant measurement parameters online; When analyzing the critical liquid-carrying flow rate in the inclined well section, initially select the critical liquid-carrying flow rate under the simulation conditions with the inclined well section critical liquid-carrying model of Belfroid:

2. A visualization simulation method for gas-liquid flow in the entire wellbore of a horizontal well, Characterized in that, It includes a visualization simulation device for gas-liquid flow in the entire wellbore of a horizontal well, and the visualization simulation device for gas-liquid flow in the entire wellbore of a horizontal well includes: A liquid supply device; A gas supply device; A gas-liquid mixing tank (11); A horizontal well simulation wellbore, and the horizontal well simulation wellbore includes: A vertical well section (14), and the vertical well section (14) is made of a transparent material; An inclined well section (13), and the inclined well section (13) is made of a transparent material; A horizontal section (12), and the horizontal section (12) is made of a transparent material; The vertical well section (14) is connected to the horizontal section (12) through the inclined well section (13); An on-line monitoring and control system, and the on-line monitoring and control system includes: A control system (25); Temperature and pressure integrated sensors (20), and multiple temperature and pressure integrated sensors (20) are connected in parallel inside the horizontal well simulation wellbore; A particle image velocimeter (23), and the particle image velocimeter (23) is located outside the horizontal section (12), and the shooting end of the particle image velocimeter (23) faces the horizontal section (12); A microwave liquid holdup tester (24), and the microwave liquid holdup tester (24) is located outside the horizontal section (12), and the measuring end of the microwave liquid holdup tester (24) faces the horizontal section (12); The temperature and pressure integrated sensors (20), the particle image velocimeter (23), and the microwave liquid holdup tester (24) are respectively electrically connected to the control system (25); The liquid outlet end of the liquid supply device and the gas outlet end of the gas supply device are connected to the horizontal section (12) through a gas-liquid mixing tank (11), and the liquid inlet end of the liquid supply device is connected to the vertical well section (14); There is a multi-way connector (1201) between the gas-liquid mixing tank (11) and the horizontal section (12). There is an injection hole (1204) corresponding to the multi-way connector (1201) on the horizontal section (12). The gas-liquid mixing tank (11) is connected to the horizontal section (12) through the multi-way connector (1201) and the injection hole (1204); There are multiple gas-liquid two-phase flow meters (1203) between the multi-way connector (1201) and the horizontal section (12), and gas-liquid two-phase flow meters (1203) are arranged on each branch of the multi-way connector (1201); There is a gas-liquid separation device (16) between the liquid inlet end of the liquid supply device and the vertical well section (14); the inlet of the gas-liquid separation device (16) is connected to the vertical well section (14); The liquid supply device includes a liquid storage tank (6), a centrifugal pump (7), an injection liquid throttle valve (8), a turbine flow meter (9) and an injection liquid temperature and pressure integrated sensor (10). The liquid storage tank (6), the centrifugal pump (7), the injection liquid throttle valve (8) and the turbine flow meter (9) are connected in sequence, and the injection liquid temperature and pressure integrated sensor (10) is connected in parallel at the outlet of the turbine flow meter (9); The gas supply device includes an air compressor (1), a gas storage tank (2), an injection gas throttle valve (3), a gas flow meter (4) and an injection gas temperature and pressure integrated sensor (5). The air compressor (1), the gas storage tank (2), the injection gas throttle valve (3) and the gas flow meter (4) are connected in sequence, and the injection gas temperature and pressure integrated sensor (5) is connected in parallel at the outlet of the gas flow meter (4); It further includes: An injection gas temperature and pressure integrated sensor (5), and the injection gas temperature and pressure integrated sensor (5) is connected in parallel inside the gas supply device; An injection liquid temperature and pressure integrated sensor (10), and the injection liquid temperature and pressure integrated sensor (10) is connected in parallel inside the liquid supply device; The injection gas temperature and pressure integrated sensor (5) and the injection liquid temperature and pressure integrated sensor (10) are respectively electrically connected to the control system (25); The liquid outlet of the gas-liquid separation device (16) is connected to the liquid supply device; The gas-liquid separation device (16) has an upper vent valve (18) and a lower drain valve (17). The upper vent valve (18) is communicated with the atmosphere, and the lower drain valve (17) is connected to the liquid supply device; It includes the following steps: Step 1, close the gas supply device, open the liquid supply device and inject water into the horizontal section; Step 2, keep the injection water pressure and injection water volume of the liquid supply device unchanged, and at the same time open the gas supply device and mix water and gas through the gas-liquid mixing tank, and adjust the injection gas volume to the critical liquid-carrying gas volume of the critical liquid-carrying flow model of the horizontal well. The critical liquid-carrying gas volume is determined by a particle image velocimeter and a microwave liquid holdup tester; Step 3, adjust the injection gas volume near the critical liquid-carrying gas volume of the critical liquid-carrying flow model of the horizontal well, and at the same time record the parameter data of the temperature and pressure integrated sensor, particle image velocimeter and microwave liquid holdup tester in the horizontal well.

3. The visualization simulation method for gas-liquid flow in the entire wellbore of a horizontal well according to claim 2, Characterized in that, It further includes: Step 4, recording the gas supply data of the gas supply device within the corresponding time period and the liquid supply data of the liquid supply device within the corresponding time period.

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