Two-body digging, supporting and anchoring machine

Abstract

A two-body machine for excavation, support and anchoring solves the problems of the prior art that the machine needs to be frequently shut down for operation, which affects the progress of excavation work, has low excavation efficiency and poor safety. It includes an excavation operation device with an excavation cutting part at the front end, characterized in that: a temporary excavation support device is provided behind the excavation cutting part and outside the excavation operation device; the excavation operation device is located inside the temporary excavation support device and on the protected body, and a working platform is provided, on which a top anchor rod operation device and an auxiliary anchor rod operation device are respectively provided. It has a reasonable design and a compact structure, and can provide timely temporary support for the tunnel roof exposed by excavation, facilitate permanent support operations, realize parallel operations of excavation, temporary support and permanent support, and comprehensively improve excavation efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of tunnel excavation equipment, and specifically relates to a two-body machine for excavation, support and anchoring, which can provide timely temporary support for the tunnel roof exposed by excavation, facilitate permanent support operations, realize parallel operations of excavation, temporary support and permanent support, and comprehensively improve excavation efficiency. Background Art

[0002] The traditional support method in mining and underground coal mining requires manual or bolting operations by anchor drilling vehicles after the excavation device is cut and the excavation device is shut down. The excavation efficiency of the excavation device can only be 20% to 25%; at the same time, no matter what the surrounding rock conditions of the excavation tunnel are, the excavation footage of the excavation operation cannot be too large, otherwise it will face the threat of accidents such as spalling and roof collapse, which is poor in safety and affects the progress of the excavation work. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the excavation device of the underground coal mining tunnel in the prior art. Summary of the invention

[0003] The present invention aims at solving the above problems and provides a two-body machine for excavation, support and anchoring which can provide timely temporary support for the tunnel roof exposed by excavation, facilitate permanent support operations, realize parallel operations of excavation, temporary support and permanent support, and comprehensively improve excavation efficiency.

[0004] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is: the two-body machine for excavating, supporting and anchoring includes an excavating operation device, which is characterized in that: an excavating cutting part is provided at the front end of the excavating operation device, and a temporary excavating support device is provided behind the excavating cutting part and outside the excavating operation device; and, the excavating operation device is located inside the temporary excavating support device and on the protected body, and a working platform is provided, on which a top anchor rod operating device and an auxiliary anchor rod operating device are respectively provided.

[0005] The top anchor rod operating device arranged on the working platform comprises a top anchor support frame, a drilling rig lifting mechanism is arranged on the top anchor support frame, a top anchor rod drilling rig is arranged on the lifting part of the drilling rig lifting mechanism on the top anchor support frame, and the top anchor rod drilling rig is connected with the lifting part of the drilling rig lifting mechanism through a drilling rig rotating mechanism; the lower end of the top anchor support frame is rotatably connected with the working platform, and a top anchor frame swinging mechanism is also arranged between the top anchor support frame and the working platform; the auxiliary anchor rod operating device comprises an auxiliary anchor support frame, a drilling rig lifting mechanism is also arranged on the auxiliary anchor support frame, a auxiliary anchor rod drilling rig is arranged on the lifting part of the drilling rig lifting mechanism on the auxiliary anchor support frame, and the auxiliary anchor rod drilling rig is connected with the lifting part of the drilling rig lifting mechanism through a drilling rig rotating mechanism.

[0006] The temporary support device for excavation includes a front support frame, a rear support frame is arranged at the rear of the front support frame, and the rear support frame is connected to the front support frame through a pushing mechanism; the front support frame and the rear support frame are both composed of side support bases arranged on both sides of the lower part, and an upper lifting top beam arranged on the upper part, and a support device lifting mechanism is arranged between the side support bases on both sides and the two ends of the upper lifting top beam; the upper lifting top beam and the side support bases on both sides and the support device lifting mechanism enclose the excavation working space in the middle; and a top anchor working space is arranged on the top of the front support frame, and an auxiliary anchor working space is also arranged between the front support frame and the rear support frame.

[0007] The support front frame includes front frame bases respectively arranged on both sides of the lower part, and front frame side boxes are respectively arranged above the front frame bases on both sides, and the lower part of the front frame side boxes is connected to the upper part of the front frame base through the support device lifting mechanism; a front frame front top beam is arranged between the upper ends of the front parts of the front frame side boxes on both sides, and a front frame rear top beam is arranged behind the front frame front top beam and between the upper ends of the rear parts of the front frame side boxes on both sides; and a top anchor operation space is arranged between the front frame front top beam and the front frame rear top beam. The front frame side boxes on both sides, and the front frame front top beam and the front frame rear top beam arranged thereon are respectively driven to rise and fall by the support device lifting mechanism, thereby forming an effective support for the top plate of the excavation tunnel; at the same time, operations such as anchoring nets and setting top anchor rods can be carried out in the top anchor operation space reserved between the front frame front top beam and the front frame rear top beam.

[0008] The front top beam of the front frame is composed of a front top beam body, and the left and right ends of the front top beam body are respectively connected to the front top beam connection parts at the upper ends of the corresponding front frame side boxes through front top beam connection ear plates. The integral structure of the front top beam body of the front frame front top beam is used to timely support the newly exposed tunnel roof at the tunnel head after cutting during excavation.

[0009] A net-supporting and shielding mechanism is movably arranged in the top anchor operation space between the front top beam of the front frame and the rear top beam of the front frame; the net-supporting and shielding mechanism is movably connected to the front top beam of the front frame through a shielding connection part. According to actual conditions, the net-supporting and shielding mechanism arranged in the top anchor operation space is used to assist the operation of anchoring the net; and further support the tunnel roof after the excavation operation is cut.

[0010] The front frame rear top beam is composed of a rear top beam body, and a plurality of groups of top plate contact convex beams are arranged on the upper side of the rear top beam body, and a top anchor avoidance interval is arranged between two adjacent groups of top plate contact convex beams; the left and right ends of the rear top beam body are respectively connected to the rear top beam connection part at the upper end of the corresponding front frame side box body through the rear top beam connection ear plates. While timely supporting the tunnel top plate, the top anchor avoidance interval between two adjacent groups of top plate contact convex beams on the front frame rear top beam is used to avoid damage to the installed top anchor rods during the process of supporting the top plate by the front frame rear top beam.

[0011] The supporting rear frame includes rear frame bases respectively arranged on both sides of the lower part, and rear frame side boxes are respectively arranged above the rear frame bases on both sides, and the lower part of the rear frame side boxes is connected to the upper part of the rear frame base through the supporting device lifting mechanism; a rear frame top beam is arranged between the upper ends of the rear frame side boxes on both sides. The supporting device lifting mechanism is used to respectively drive the rear frame side boxes on both sides and the rear frame top beam thereon to rise and fall, thereby forming an effective support for the top plate of the excavation tunnel; and the side anchor rod can be set in the anchor operation space reserved between the supporting front frame and the supporting rear frame.

[0012] The rear frame top beam is composed of a plurality of rear frame top beam cross beams arranged transversely between the upper ends of the rear frame side boxes on both sides, and each rear frame top beam cross beam is provided with a plurality of rear frame top beam longitudinal beams arranged longitudinally along the extension direction of the tunnel. The top plate of the tunnel is supported by a plurality of rear frame top beam cross beams and rear frame top beam longitudinal beams arranged in a crisscross pattern, and the damage of the installed top anchor rods is effectively avoided in the process of the rear frame top beam supporting the top plate.

[0013] The rear frame top beam cross beam is composed of a rear frame cross beam body, and the left and right ends of the rear frame cross beam body are respectively connected to the rear frame cross beam connecting parts at the upper ends of the corresponding rear frame side boxes through rear frame cross beam connecting ear plates, so that the rear frame cross beam body of the rear frame top beam cross beam plays a supporting and balancing role for the overall structure of the rear frame top beam.

[0014] The rear frame top beam is composed of a rear frame beam body, the lower side of which is connected to a rear frame beam connection portion provided on the upper side of a corresponding rear frame top beam cross beam through a rear frame beam connection ear plate; and a top anchor avoidance interval is provided between two adjacent groups of rear frame top beams. While timely supporting the tunnel roof, the top anchor avoidance interval on the rear frame top beam and between two adjacent groups of rear frame top beams is utilized to further avoid damage to the installed top anchor rods.

[0015] The lifting mechanism of the support device includes a lifting hydraulic cylinder and a guide mechanism arranged between the side support base and the two ends of the upper lifting top beam. The two ends of the lifting hydraulic cylinder are respectively connected to the side support base and the upper lifting top beam through the lifting cylinder hinge part; the guide mechanism includes a guide plug sleeve arranged on the lower side of the two ends of the upper lifting top beam, and a guide plug column is arranged on the upper side of the side support base and at a position corresponding to the guide plug sleeve. The lifting hydraulic cylinder is used to drive the upper lifting top beams of the supporting front frame and the supporting rear frame to rise and fall relative to the side support base, and the matching connection of the guide plug sleeve and the guide plug column is used to guide the lifting of the upper lifting top beam, thereby ensuring the stability of the lifting.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: since the present invention adopts an excavation operation device with an excavation cutting part provided at the front end, a temporary excavation support device is provided behind the excavation cutting part and outside the excavation operation device; the excavation operation device is located inside the temporary excavation support device, and a working platform is provided on the protected body, and the working platform is respectively provided with a top anchor rod operating device and a supporting anchor rod operating device, so the design is reasonable and the structure is compact, the excavation operation device performs cutting operations head-on in the excavation tunnel, and the temporary excavation support device temporarily supports the top plate exposed after excavation above the excavation operation device, and moves forward with the excavation operation device; at the same time, the top anchor rod operating device and the supporting anchor rod operating device arranged on the excavation operation device perform permanent support operations of drilling and anchoring under the cover of the temporary excavation support device. The two-body machine of excavation support and anchor can provide mechanized support for the exposed roof in front of the tunnel excavation working face in time, and can ensure that the operator can carry out permanent support operations such as anchoring or scaffolding under the cover of the temporary support device for excavation, thus achieving the goal that "excavation operation" is not restricted by "permanent support operation", and the speed of tunnel excavation can be increased by more than 30%, effectively alleviating the tense situation of mine excavation. In addition, the temporary support device for excavation can also effectively limit and prevent the deformation and damage of the surrounding rock, maintain the integrity of the tunnel roof, ensure the effect of permanent support, and facilitate the safe management of the mine roof. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of a structure after removing the temporary support device for excavation.

[0019] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 A structural schematic diagram of a temporary support device for excavation.

[0020] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 A-direction view.

[0021] Figure 5 yes Figure 3 A structural schematic diagram of the support front frame.

[0022] Figure 6 yes Figure 5 Section view along line BB.

[0023] Figure 7 yes Figure 5 A structural schematic diagram of the front frame side box.

[0024] Figure 8 yes Figure 5 A structural schematic diagram of the front frame base in FIG.

[0025] Fig. 9 yes Figure 5 A structural schematic diagram of the front top beam of the front frame.

[0026] Fig.10 yes Fig. 9 Side view of.

[0027] Fig.11 yes Figure 6 A structural schematic diagram of the front frame and rear top beam.

[0028] Fig.12 yes Figure 3 A structural schematic diagram of the supporting rear frame.

[0029] Fig.13 yes Fig.12 Side view of.

[0030] Fig.14 yes Fig.12 A structural schematic diagram of the rear frame side box.

[0031] Fig.15 yes Fig.12 A structural schematic diagram of the rear frame base.

[0032] Fig.16 yes Fig.13 A structural schematic diagram of the rear frame top beam and cross beam.

[0033] Fig.17 yes Fig.12 A structural schematic diagram of the rear frame top beam and longitudinal beam.

[0034] Explanation of the numbers in the figure: 1 excavation operation device, 2 excavation temporary support device, 3 top anchor operation device, 4 auxiliary anchor operation device, 5 working platform, 6 top anchor support frame, 7 top anchor drilling rig, 8 drilling rig rotation mechanism, 9 drilling rig lifting mechanism, 10 top anchor frame swing mechanism, 11 auxiliary anchor support frame, 12 auxiliary anchor drilling rig, 13 support front frame, 14 support rear frame, 15 push mechanism, 16 auxiliary anchor operation space, 17 top anchor operation space, 18 support net covering mechanism, 19 excavation operation space, 20 side support base, 21 upper lifting top beam, 22 support device lifting mechanism, 23 front frame base, 24 front frame side box, 25 front frame lifting hydraulic cylinder, 26 guide mechanism, 27 front frame front top beam, 28 front frame rear top beam, 29 push hinged ear plate, 30 front side box body, 31 front Top beam connection part, 32 rear top beam connection part, 33 lifting cylinder upper hinge part, 34 guide plug sleeve, 35 excavation operation avoidance slope, 36 front base body, 37 lifting cylinder lower hinge part, 38 guide plug column, 39 front top beam body, 40 front top beam connection ear plate, 41 shield connection part, 42 rear top beam body, 43 top plate contact convex beam, 44 top anchor avoidance interval, 45 rear top beam connection ear plate, 46 rear frame base, 47 rear frame side box body, 48 rear frame lifting hydraulic cylinder, 49 rear frame top beam, 50 rear frame top beam cross beam, 51 rear frame top beam longitudinal beam, 52 rear side box body, 53 rear frame cross beam connection part, 54 rear base body, 55 rear frame cross beam body, 56 rear frame cross beam connection ear plate, 57 rear frame longitudinal beam connection part, 58 rear frame longitudinal beam body, 59 rear frame longitudinal beam connection ear plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] according to Figures 1 to 17 The specific structure of the present invention is described in detail. The excavation support anchor two-body machine includes an excavation working device 1, and an excavation cutting part is provided at the front end of the excavation working device 1; behind the excavation cutting part of the excavation working device 1 and outside the excavation working device 1, an excavation temporary support device 2 is provided. The excavation working device 1 is located inside the excavation temporary support device 2 and on the covered machine body, and a working platform 5 is provided; the working platform 5 is respectively provided with a top anchor rod working device 3 and a supporting anchor rod working device 4.

[0036] The top anchor bolt operation device 3 arranged on the working platform 5 includes a top anchor support frame 6, on which a drilling rig lifting mechanism 9 for driving the bolt drill to move up and down is arranged, and a top anchor bolt drill 7 is arranged on the lifting part of the drilling rig lifting mechanism 9 on the top anchor support frame 6, and the top anchor bolt drill 7 is connected to the lifting part of the drilling rig lifting mechanism 9 through a drilling rig rotating mechanism 8. At the same time, the lower end of the top anchor support frame 6 is rotatably connected to the working platform 5; and a top anchor frame swinging mechanism 10 for driving the top anchor support frame 6 and the top anchor bolt drill 7 thereon to swing a certain angle is also arranged between the top anchor support frame 6 and the working platform 5. The auxiliary anchor bolt operation device 4 includes an auxiliary anchor support frame 11, on which a drilling rig lifting mechanism 9 is also arranged; on the lifting part of the drilling rig lifting mechanism 9 on the auxiliary anchor support frame 11, an auxiliary anchor bolt drill 12 is arranged, and the auxiliary anchor bolt drill 12 is connected to the lifting part of the drilling rig lifting mechanism 9 through a drilling rig rotating mechanism 8.

[0037] The temporary support device 2 for excavation includes a front support frame 13, a rear support frame 14 is arranged behind the front support frame 13, and the rear support frame 14 is connected to the front support frame 13 through a push mechanism 15; and the cross-sections of the front support frame 13 and the rear support frame 14 are both portal structures. The front support frame 13 of the temporary support device 2 for excavation includes front frame bases 23 arranged on both sides of the lower part, and front frame side boxes 24 are arranged above the front frame bases 23 on both sides, and the lower part of the front frame side boxes 24 is connected to the upper part of the front frame base 23 through the support device lifting mechanism 22.

[0038] A front frame front top beam 27 is arranged between the upper ends of the front parts of the front frame side boxes 24 on both sides, and a front frame rear top beam 28 is arranged behind the front frame front top beam 27 and between the upper ends of the rear parts of the front frame side boxes 24 on both sides. At the same time, a top anchor operation space 17 is arranged between the front frame front top beam 27 and the front frame rear top beam 28 for facilitating operations such as anchoring nets and driving top anchor rods. In addition, a tunneling operation avoidance slope 35 is arranged at the front end of the front frame side boxes 24 on both sides for facilitating the cutting operation of the tunneling operation device 1. Thus, the front frame side boxes 24 on both sides, and the front frame front top beam 27 and the front frame rear top beam 28 arranged thereon are respectively driven to rise and fall together by the support device lifting mechanism 22 to form an effective support for the top plate of the tunneling tunnel; and operations such as anchoring nets and driving top anchor rods can be performed in the top anchor operation space 17 reserved between the front frame front top beam 27 and the front frame rear top beam 28.

[0039] The front frame front top beam 27 of the support front frame 13 is composed of a front top beam body 39 of an integral structure, and the left and right ends of the front top beam body 39 are respectively connected to the groups of front top beam connection parts 31 at the upper end of the front frame side box 24 on the corresponding side through a plurality of groups of front top beam connection ear plates 40; and then the integral structure of the front top beam body 39 of the front frame front top beam 27 is used to timely support the newly exposed tunnel roof at the head of the tunnel after cutting during the excavation operation. According to the geological conditions of the top plate of the excavation tunnel, a front shielding mechanism can be set at the front end of the front frame front top beam 27 of the support front frame 13; and in combination with specific use needs, the front shielding mechanism can adopt a retractable plug-in shielding structure, or a hinged shielding structure that can swing up and down. In addition, a net supporting and shielding mechanism 18 can be movably arranged in the top anchor operation space 17 between the front top beam 27 of the front frame and the rear top beam 28 of the front frame; the net supporting and shielding mechanism 18 is movably connected to the rear side of the front top beam main body 39 of the front top beam 27 of the front frame through the shielding connection part 41. The net supporting and shielding mechanism 18 can adopt a structure that swings up and down or lifts up and down. Therefore, according to the actual situation, the net supporting and shielding mechanism 18 arranged in the top anchor operation space 17 is used to assist the operation of anchoring the net, and further support the tunnel roof after the excavation operation is cut.

[0040] The front frame rear top beam 28 supporting the front frame 13 is composed of a long strip rear top beam body 42, and a plurality of groups of top plate contact convex beams 43 are arranged on the upper side of the rear top beam body 42, and a top anchor avoidance interval 44 is arranged between two adjacent groups of top plate contact convex beams 43. The left and right ends of the rear top beam body 42 are connected to the rear top beam connection part 32 at the upper end of the front frame side box 24 on the corresponding side through the rear top beam connection ear plate 45 respectively; while timely supporting the tunnel top plate, the top anchor avoidance interval 44 between two adjacent groups of top plate contact convex beams 43 on the front frame rear top beam 28 is used to avoid damage to the installed top anchor rods in the process of supporting the top plate by the front frame rear top beam 28.

[0041] The support device lifting mechanism 22 arranged between the lower part of the front frame side box 24 and the upper part of the front frame base 23 includes a front frame lifting hydraulic cylinder 25 and a guide mechanism 26. The telescopic end of the front frame lifting hydraulic cylinder 25 is hinged to the front frame side box 24 through the upper hinge part 33 of the lifting cylinder, and the fixed end of the front frame lifting hydraulic cylinder 25 is hinged to the front frame base 23 through the lower hinge part 37 of the lifting cylinder. The guide mechanism 26 includes a guide plug sleeve 34 arranged on the lower side of the two ends of the front frame front top beam 27 and the front frame rear top beam 28 and on the front frame side box 24; a guide plug column 38 is arranged on the upper side of the front frame base 23 on the corresponding side and at a position corresponding to the guide plug sleeve 34; and then the front frame side box 24 supporting the front frame 13 and the front frame front top beam 27 and the front frame rear top beam 28 on the upper part thereof are driven to rise and fall relative to the front frame base 23 (the side support base 20 supporting the front frame 13) through the front frame lifting hydraulic cylinder 25, and the matching connection of the guide plug sleeve 34 and the guide plug column 38 is used to guide the lifting and lowering of the upper lifting top beam 21 supporting the front frame 13, thereby ensuring the stability of the lifting and lowering of the supporting front frame 13.

[0042] The supporting rear frame 14 of the temporary support device 2 for excavation includes rear frame bases 46 respectively arranged on both sides of the lower part, and rear frame side boxes 47 are respectively arranged above the rear frame bases 46 on both sides, and the lower part of the rear frame side boxes 47 is connected to the upper part of the rear frame base 46 through the supporting device lifting mechanism 22. At the same time, a rear frame top beam 49 is also arranged between the upper ends of the rear frame side boxes 47 on both sides. An anchoring operation space 16 for driving the side anchoring operation is also arranged between the front of the supporting rear frame 14 and the rear of the supporting front frame 13. Therefore, the supporting device lifting mechanism 22 is used to drive the rear frame side boxes 47 on both sides and the rear frame top beam 49 thereon to rise and fall respectively, so as to form an effective support for the top plate of the excavation tunnel; and the side anchoring operation space 16 reserved between the supporting front frame 13 and the supporting rear frame 14 can be used to drive the side anchoring operation.

[0043] The rear frame top beam 49 supporting the rear frame 14 is composed of a plurality of groups of rear frame top beam cross beams 50 transversely arranged between the upper ends of the rear frame side boxes 47 on both sides, and each group of rear frame top beam cross beams 50 is also provided with a plurality of groups of rear frame top beam longitudinal beams 51 longitudinally arranged along the extension direction of the tunnel; the roof of the excavation tunnel is supported by a plurality of groups of rear frame top beam cross beams 50 and rear frame top beam longitudinal beams 51 arranged in a criss-cross pattern; and the damage to the installed top anchor rods is effectively avoided during the process of the rear frame top beam 49 supporting the roof.

[0044] The rear frame top beam cross beam 50 of the rear frame top beam 49 is composed of a long strip rear frame cross beam body 55, and the left and right ends of the rear frame cross beam body 55 are respectively connected to a plurality of rear frame cross beam connecting parts 53 at the upper end of the corresponding rear frame side box 47 through rear frame cross beam connecting ear plates 56; and then the rear frame cross beam body 55 of the rear frame top beam cross beam 50 is used to support and balance the overall structure of the rear frame top beam 49. The rear frame top beam straight beam 51 is composed of a long strip rear frame straight beam body 58, and the lower side of the rear frame straight beam body 58 is connected to the rear frame straight beam connecting parts 57 correspondingly arranged on the upper side of the corresponding rear frame top beam cross beam 50 through a plurality of groups of rear frame straight beam connecting ear plates 59. In addition, a top anchor avoidance interval 44 is also arranged between two adjacent groups of rear frame top beam straight beams 51. Thus, while the tunnel roof is supported in time, the top anchor avoidance interval 44 between two adjacent groups of rear frame top beams 51 on the rear frame top beam 49 is utilized to further avoid damage to the installed top anchor rods.

[0045] The support device lifting mechanism 22 arranged between the lower part of the rear frame side box 47 and the upper part of the rear frame base 46 includes a rear frame lifting hydraulic cylinder 48 and a guide mechanism 26. The telescopic end of the rear frame lifting hydraulic cylinder 48 is hinged to the rear frame side box 47 through the lifting cylinder upper hinge part 33, and the fixed end of the rear frame lifting hydraulic cylinder 48 is hinged to the rear frame base 46 through the lifting cylinder lower hinge part 37. The guide mechanism 26 includes a guide plug sleeve 34 arranged on the lower side of the two ends of the rear frame top beam 49 and on the rear frame side box 47, and a guide plug column 38 is also arranged on the upper side of the rear frame base 46 on the corresponding side and at a position corresponding to the guide plug sleeve 34. The rear frame lifting hydraulic cylinder 48 is used to drive the rear frame side box 47 supporting the rear frame 14 and the rear frame top beam cross beam 50 and the rear frame top beam longitudinal beam 51 arranged on the upper part thereof to rise and fall relative to the rear frame base 46 (the side support base 20 supporting the rear frame 14). At the same time, the matching connection of the guide plug sleeve 34 and the guide plug column 38 is used to guide the lifting and lowering of the upper lifting top beam 21 supporting the rear frame 14, thereby ensuring the stability of the lifting and lowering of the rear frame 14.

[0046] The front frame front top beam 27 and the front frame rear top beam 28 of the support front frame 13, as well as the front frame side boxes 24, the front frame base 23 and the support device lifting mechanism 22 on both sides, enclose the excavation work space 19 at the front of the device; the rear frame top beam 49 of the support rear frame 14, as well as the rear frame side boxes 47, the rear frame base 46 and the support device lifting mechanism 22 on both sides, enclose the excavation work space 19 at the rear of the device. At the same time, it can be understood that, according to specific usage needs, the contact surface between the front frame front top beam 27 and the front frame rear top beam 28 of the support front frame 13, and the rear frame top beam 49 of the support rear frame 14 and the tunnel roof can be set to a plane, arc or trapezoidal shape according to the shape of the tunnel roof to adapt to the conditions of the tunnel roof of different shapes. The pushing mechanism 15 arranged between the supporting rear frame 14 and the supporting front frame 13 includes pushing hydraulic cylinders respectively arranged between the front frame side boxes 24 and the rear frame side boxes 47 on both sides, and between the front frame base 23 and the rear frame base 46 on both sides. The two ends of each pushing hydraulic cylinder are connected to the corresponding side boxes and bases through pushing hinged ear plates 29.

[0047] When the two-body machine for excavation, support and anchoring is used, the temporary support device 2 for excavation is installed and arranged in the tunnel excavation working surface, and the excavation operation device 1 (intergrated excavation machine or other excavation equipment), the top anchor rod operation device 3 and the auxiliary anchor rod operation device 4 are arranged in the excavation operation space 19 of the support front frame 13 and the support rear frame 14. Then, the front frame lifting hydraulic cylinder 25 of the support front frame 13 and the rear frame lifting hydraulic cylinder 48 of the support rear frame 14 are extended respectively, so that the front frame front top beam 27 and the front frame rear top beam 28 of the support front frame 13, and the rear frame top beam 49 of the support rear frame 14 (composed of a plurality of groups of rear frame top beam cross beams 50 and rear frame top beam longitudinal beams 51 arranged in a crisscross pattern) are all in contact with the top plate of the excavation tunnel to form support for the tunnel top plate. The respective push hydraulic cylinders of the push mechanism 15 connected between the support front frame 13 and the support rear frame 14 are all in a retracted state.

[0048] Afterwards, the excavation device 1 starts excavation. When the excavation operation cuts off the area at the top of the tunnel rock mass, the front end of the front frame front top beam 27 of the support front frame 13 will support the newly exposed top plate at the front end of the tunnel; and if the front end of the front frame front top beam 27 of the support front frame 13 is provided with a front shielding mechanism, the front shielding mechanism is extended or deployed to increase the support area of ​​the newly exposed top plate at the front end of the tunnel. When the excavation device 1 needs to cut forward continuously, the front frame lifting hydraulic cylinders 25 of the support front frame 13 are retracted to temporarily separate the front frame front top beam 27 and the front frame rear top beam 28 from the tunnel top plate; then, the pushing hydraulic cylinders of the pushing mechanism 15 are extended to push the lowered support front frame 13 forward. After the front support frame 13 is moved into position, the front frame lifting hydraulic cylinder 25 of the front support frame 13 is extended to make the front frame front top beam 27 and the front frame rear top beam 28 of the front support frame 13 contact with the newly cut tunnel roof to form an effective support. Then, the rear frame lifting hydraulic cylinder 48 of the rear support frame 14 is retracted to temporarily separate the rear frame top beam 51 of the rear frame top beam 49 from the tunnel roof; then, the pushing hydraulic cylinders of the pushing mechanism 15 are retracted to pull the lowered rear support frame 14 forward. After the rear support frame 14 is moved forward into position, the rear frame lifting hydraulic cylinder 48 of the rear support frame 14 is extended to make the rear frame top beam 51 of the rear frame top beam 49 of the rear support frame 14 contact with the tunnel roof again to form a support, and prepare for the next step of tunnel cutting.

[0049] During the continuous excavation of the excavation operation device 1, the top anchor rod operation device 3 arranged in the support front frame 13 is used to drive the top plate of the newly exposed tunnel space to install the top anchor rod under the cover of the support net shielding mechanism 18 in the top anchor operation space 17 reserved at the top of the support front frame 13 and behind the front top beam 27 of the front frame; and in the process of anchor rod installation, the top anchor frame swing mechanism 10 is used to drive the top anchor support frame 6 and the top anchor drill 7 thereon to swing adaptively at a certain angle. At the same time, the side anchor rod operation device 4 arranged in the excavation operation space 19 is used to drive the side anchor rods to install the side anchor rods permanently on both sides of the newly exposed tunnel space in the side anchor operation space 16 reserved between the support front frame 13 and the support rear frame 14.

[0050] Repeat the above excavation operation, the support front frame 13 moves forward and pulls the support rear frame 14, permanent support is provided on the top of the support front frame 13 and between the support front frame 13 and the support rear frame 14, and the cut coal and rock are transported out of the excavation working face, etc., so that the excavation operation does not need to be completely stopped or retreated. The pushing mechanism 15 pushes and pulls the support front frame 13 and the support rear frame 14 to move forward in a cycle, and then cooperates with the excavation operation device 1 to continuously excavate forward, which not only reduces the time wasted in alternating between different processes, but also provides safety protection for the workers' support operations, and significantly improves the excavation efficiency.

Claims

1. A two-body excavation, support and anchor machine, comprising an excavation operation device (1), characterized in that: The front end of the excavation operation device (1) is provided with an excavation cutting section, and a temporary excavation support device (2) is provided behind the excavation cutting section and outside the excavation operation device (1); and the excavation operation device (1) is located inside the temporary excavation support device (2) and on a covered body, and is provided with a working platform (5), and a top anchor rod operating device (3) and a supporting anchor rod operating device (4) are respectively provided on the working platform (5); the temporary excavation support device (2) comprises a front support frame (13), and a rear support frame (14) is provided behind the front support frame (13), and the rear support frame (14) is connected to the front support frame (13) through a push mechanism (15); the front support frame (13) and the rear support frame (14) are both connected by a lower portion. The invention is composed of side support bases (20) respectively arranged on both sides and an upper lifting top beam (21) arranged on the top, and support device lifting mechanisms (22) are respectively arranged between the two ends of the side support bases (20) on both sides and the upper lifting top beam (21); the upper lifting top beam (21) and the side support bases (20) on both sides and the support device lifting mechanism (22) enclose a central excavation operation space (19); and a top anchor operation space (17) is arranged at the top of the support front frame (13), and an auxiliary anchor operation space (16) is also arranged between the support front frame (13) and the support rear frame (14); the support front frame (13) includes front frame bases (23) respectively arranged on both sides of the lower part, and front frame bases (23) on both sides. A front frame side box body (24) is respectively arranged above the frame base (23), and the lower part of the front frame side box body (24) is connected to the upper part of the front frame base (23) through a support device lifting mechanism (22); a front frame front top beam (27) is arranged between the upper ends of the front parts of the front frame side boxes (24) on both sides, and a front frame rear top beam (28) is arranged behind the front frame front top beam (27) and between the upper ends of the rear parts of the front frame side boxes (24) on both sides; and a top anchor operation space (17) is arranged between the front frame front top beam (27) and the front frame rear top beam (28); the supporting rear frame (14) comprises rear frame bases (46) respectively arranged on both sides of the lower part, and rear frame side boxes (47) are respectively arranged above the rear frame bases (46) on both sides, and the rear frame The lower part of the side box body (47) is connected to the upper part of the rear frame base (46) through the support device lifting mechanism (22); a rear frame top beam (49) is arranged between the upper ends of the rear frame side boxes (47) on both sides; the front frame rear top beam (28) is composed of a rear top beam body (42), and a plurality of groups of top plate contact convex beams (43) are arranged on the upper side of the rear top beam body (42), and a top anchor avoidance interval (44) is arranged between two adjacent groups of top plate contact convex beams (43); the rear frame top beam (49) is composed of a plurality of groups of rear frame top beam cross beams (50) arranged transversely between the upper ends of the rear frame side boxes (47) on both sides, and each group of rear frame top beam cross beams (50) is provided with a plurality of groups of rear frame top beam longitudinal beams (51) arranged longitudinally along the extension direction of the tunnel;A top anchor avoidance interval (44) is provided between two adjacent groups of rear frame top beam longitudinal beams (51). ; 2. The two-body digging, supporting and anchoring machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top anchor rod operation device (3) arranged on the working platform (5) comprises a top anchor support frame (6), a drilling rig lifting mechanism (9) is arranged on the top anchor support frame (6), a top anchor rod drilling rig (7) is arranged on the lifting part of the drilling rig lifting mechanism (9) on the top anchor support frame (6), and the top anchor rod drilling rig (7) is connected to the lifting part of the drilling rig lifting mechanism (9) through a drilling rig rotating mechanism (8); the lower end of the top anchor support frame (6) is rotatably connected to the working platform (5), and a top anchor frame swinging mechanism (10) is also arranged between the top anchor support frame (6) and the working platform (5); the auxiliary anchor rod operation device (4) comprises an auxiliary anchor support frame (11), a drilling rig lifting mechanism (9) is also arranged on the auxiliary anchor support frame (11), an auxiliary anchor rod drilling rig (12) is arranged on the lifting part of the drilling rig lifting mechanism (9) on the auxiliary anchor support frame (11), and the auxiliary anchor rod drilling rig (12) is connected to the lifting part of the drilling rig lifting mechanism (9) through the drilling rig rotating mechanism (8).

3. The two-body digging, supporting and anchoring machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The front frame front top beam (27) is composed of a front top beam main body (39), and the left and right ends of the front top beam main body (39) are respectively connected to the front top beam connecting portion (31) at the upper end of the corresponding front frame side box (24) through front top beam connecting ear plates (40).

4. The two-body digging, supporting and anchoring machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: A net-supporting shielding mechanism (18) is movably arranged in the top anchor operation space (17) between the front frame front top beam (27) and the front frame rear top beam (28); the net-supporting shielding mechanism (18) is movably connected to the front frame front top beam (27) via a shielding connection portion (41).

5. The two-body digging, supporting and anchoring machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The left and right ends of the rear top beam main body (42) are connected to the rear top beam connection portion (32) at the upper end of the corresponding front frame side box body (24) through rear top beam connection ear plates (45).

6. The two-body digging, supporting and anchoring machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rear frame top beam crossbeam (50) is composed of a rear frame crossbeam body (55), and the left and right ends of the rear frame crossbeam body (55) are respectively connected to the rear frame crossbeam connecting parts (53) at the upper ends of the corresponding rear frame side boxes (47) through rear frame crossbeam connecting ear plates (56).

7. The two-body digging, supporting and anchoring machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rear frame top beam longitudinal beam (51) is composed of a rear frame longitudinal beam body (58), and the lower side of the rear frame longitudinal beam body (58) is connected to a rear frame longitudinal beam connecting portion (57) provided on the upper side of the corresponding rear frame top beam cross beam (50) via a rear frame longitudinal beam connecting ear plate (59).

8. The two-body digging, supporting and anchoring machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support device lifting mechanism (22) comprises a lifting hydraulic cylinder and a guide mechanism (26) arranged between the side support base (20) and the two ends of the upper lifting top beam (21), and the two ends of the lifting hydraulic cylinder are respectively connected to the side support base (20) and the upper lifting top beam (21) through the lifting cylinder hinge part; the guide mechanism (26) comprises a guide plug sleeve (34) arranged on the lower side of the two ends of the upper lifting top beam (21), and a guide plug column (38) is arranged on the upper side of the side support base (20) and at a position corresponding to the guide plug sleeve (34).

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