An air-cooled high-temperature alloy carbon black reactor and a carbon black preparation method

Abstract

The present invention discloses an air-cooled high-temperature alloy carbon black reactor and a method for preparing carbon black, comprising a casing, an air intake assembly located on the casing, a gas fuel intake assembly, and a combustion chamber arranged in the casing, wherein the combustion chamber has a throat section, a raw oil nozzle is arranged on the throat section, and the combustion chamber comprises a flame tube, a plurality of cooling holes are arranged on the flame tube, and the axes of the cooling holes are inclined from outside to inside toward the downstream direction. The present invention provides an air-cooled high-temperature alloy carbon black reactor and a method for preparing carbon black, so as to solve the problem that the cooling method of the carbon black reactor in the prior art is insufficient and affects the quality of carbon black production, and achieve the purpose of reducing the impact of fuel gas scouring and improving the quality of carbon black production.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of carbon black production, and in particular to an air-cooled high-temperature alloy carbon black reaction furnace and a carbon black preparation method. Background Art

[0002] Carbon black is a product obtained by incomplete combustion or thermal decomposition of carbon-containing substances (coal, natural gas, heavy oil, fuel oil, etc.) under insufficient air conditions. It can be used as a black dye and as a reinforcing agent for rubber. The carbon black reactor is a high-temperature device for producing carbon black. The combustion chamber is the core equipment for the carbon black reactor to produce carbon black. The combustion chamber of a traditional carbon black reactor is a steel furnace shell with refractory bricks stacked inside, so as to achieve the effect of withstanding high-temperature combustion gases above 2000°C. In the combustion chamber of the carbon black reactor, the gas fuel and air must first be mixed and burned, and then enter the throat section to mix and react with the raw oil. However, the mixing method of gas fuel and air in the prior art is rough and simple, which is prone to incomplete mixing and uneven combustion. It not only wastes gas fuel, but is also not conducive to providing sufficient reaction temperature for downstream carbon black generation, which seriously affects the quality of carbon black. In addition, the refractory materials of the reactor wall are eroded by high-temperature combustion gas for a long time, and the particles of the refractory materials flow to the downstream carbon black reaction zone, which affects the quality of carbon black; and the refractory materials of the throat section are eroded by the airflow, and the throat diameter increases, resulting in a decrease in the gas flow rate, affecting the atomization of the fuel oil, and further affecting the quality of carbon black production. In order to overcome the above problems, the prior art has adopted a solution to cool the combustion section and throat section of the carbon black reactor with cooling water to prevent ablation, but the equipment with water cooling has a complex structure and high production and maintenance costs. Summary of the invention

[0003] The present invention provides an air-cooled high-temperature alloy carbon black reactor and a carbon black preparation method to solve the problem in the prior art that the cooling method of the carbon black reactor is insufficient and affects the quality of carbon black production, thereby achieving the purpose of reducing the impact of fuel gas scouring and improving the quality of carbon black production.

[0004] The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0005] An air-cooled high-temperature alloy carbon black reactor comprises a casing, an air intake assembly located on the casing, a gas fuel intake assembly, and a combustion chamber arranged in the casing, wherein the combustion chamber has a throat section, a raw oil nozzle is arranged on the throat section, and the combustion chamber comprises a flame tube, a plurality of cooling holes are arranged on the flame tube, and the axes of the cooling holes are inclined from outside to inside toward the downstream direction.

[0006] Aiming at the problem that the cooling method of the carbon black reactor in the prior art is insufficient and affects the quality of carbon black generation, the present invention first proposes an air-cooled high-temperature alloy carbon black reactor, the casing is the shell of the reactor combustion chamber, and the air intake assembly and gas fuel intake assembly thereon are all prior art. The combustion chamber is located in the casing, and its downstream position is the throat section, which is used to accelerate and mix with the raw oil sprayed from the raw oil nozzle, and then enter the downstream reaction section for reaction. In the present application, the combustion chamber includes a flame tube, and the combustion of the gas fuel is carried out in the flame tube. Different from the method in the prior art that the gas fuel and air directly enter the combustion chamber for combustion, in the present application, a number of cooling holes are also opened on the side wall of the flame tube, and part of the air continuously enters the flame tube from the cooling holes, thereby continuously forming a layer of air film on the inner wall of the flame tube, and the layer of air film can effectively protect the inner wall of the flame tube, avoid direct contact between the high-temperature flame and the inner wall of the flame tube, and avoid direct scouring of the inner wall of the flame tube by the high-temperature airflow, thereby significantly reducing the maintenance and replacement frequency of the combustion chamber, and can significantly reduce the manpower and material costs compared to the traditional brick combustion chamber. In addition, the air entering the flame tube from each cooling hole can also evenly penetrate into the flame tube from the hole walls in all directions, so that the air is more evenly distributed in various places in the flame tube to assist the combustion of gas fuel. In the present application, the axis of the cooling hole is not perpendicular to the axis of the flame tube, but is inclined from the outside to the inside in the downstream direction. The downstream direction here refers to the direction of airflow flow in the combustion chamber, that is, the direction toward the throat section or the reaction section further downstream. The inventor of the present application found in the process of invention that if the axis of the cooling hole is perpendicular to the axis of the flame tube, then the air entering the flame tube through each cooling hole will enter vertically, and the two adjacent air flows will be independent and easily form an air film blind area, which affects the thermal insulation effect, and each air flow will be quickly disturbed by the mixed airflow in the flame tube, that is, after the air enters the flame tube through the cooling hole, it can only temporarily play a role in isolating high temperature and will quickly dissipate in the flame tube. In the present application, the axis of the cooling hole is tilted from outside to inside toward the downstream direction, so that the air entering the flame tube from the cooling hole is ejected obliquely toward the downstream. First, between the two adjacent air flows, the rear air flow (upstream direction) is ejected toward the front air flow (downstream direction), which can cover the air film blind area between the two adjacent air flows, making the air film continuous and complete, and improving the heat insulation effect; secondly, the rear air flow can also push the front air flow and accelerate its forward flow, thereby improving the overall fluidity of the air film in the present application, thereby improving the heat insulation and cooling effect. In other words, the present application can make the air film complete, continuous and fluid by tilting the axis of the cooling hole from outside to inside toward the downstream direction, thereby significantly improving the air cooling effect.

[0007] Furthermore, the gas fuel intake assembly is connected to the first gas collecting chamber, and the air intake assembly is connected to the second gas collecting chamber; the gas fuel enters the flame tube through the first gas collecting chamber, and the air enters the flame tube through the cooling holes and the second gas collecting chamber. In this scheme, the gas fuel first enters the first gas collecting chamber for buffering, and then enters the flame tube for combustion. After the air enters the reactor from the air intake assembly, it is divided into two parts, one part of the air enters the flame tube through the cooling holes to form the aforementioned air film, and the other part of the air enters the second gas collecting chamber, and then enters the flame tube through the second gas collecting chamber to participate in the combustion normally. The present application ensures that the generation of the air film will not affect the normal combustion of the gas fuel, and the second gas collecting chamber can still provide sufficient air as a guarantee for the combustion of the gas fuel, ensuring the full utilization of the air. Compared with the method of allowing the air to enter the flame tube completely through the cooling holes, the combustion efficiency of the gas fuel and the utilization efficiency of the air are significantly improved.

[0008] Furthermore, the flame tube is connected to the inside of the casing through a casing flange, and air can enter the second air collecting chamber through the casing flange; the second air collecting chamber is located between the flame tube and the first air collecting chamber. The casing flange serves as a connecting component between the casing and the flame tube, and also provides a necessary passage for air to pass through, so that the air entering from the air intake assembly can smoothly enter the second air collecting chamber.

[0009] Furthermore, the head of the flame tube is connected to an adapter plate, and the side of the adapter plate facing away from the flame tube is a second gas collecting chamber; a plurality of through holes are provided on the adapter plate, each of which corresponds to a swirler, and a gas fuel nozzle is inserted into each swirler; the inlet end of the swirler is located in the second gas collecting chamber, and the inlet end of the gas fuel nozzle is located in the first gas collecting chamber. In this scheme, the inlet end of the swirler is located in the second gas collecting chamber to ensure that the air enters the swirler stably; and a gas fuel nozzle is inserted into each swirler, so that the gas fuel sprayed by the gas fuel nozzle begins to mix with the air inside the swirler. The gas fuel nozzle extends from the first gas collecting chamber into the second gas collecting chamber and is inserted into the swirler. The rest of the first gas collecting chamber and the second gas collecting chamber must be separated, and the gas fuel can only be output to the outside through the gas fuel nozzle. In the prior art, there is a problem that the mixing method of gas fuel and air in the carbon black reactor is simple and difficult to burn fully and evenly. In this solution, the adapter plate is installed on the head of the flame tube. As the front end structure of the combustion chamber, this application opens several through holes on the adapter plate, and a swirler is installed on each through hole, so the air must actually pass through the inside of the swirler. That is, after the installation of this structure, all swirlers are located on the side away from the direction of the flame tube, and a gas fuel nozzle is set in each swirler, so that the gas fuel is ejected from the nozzle and then mixed with the air in the swirler. Compared with the prior art, in this solution, air passes through the swirler to form a recirculation zone to stabilize the flame. The recirculation zone is a rotating airflow formed after the air flows through the swirler. The rotating airflow is a low-pressure area in the middle that causes the airflow to reflux. The low flow rate in this area has the function of stabilizing the flame, and can significantly improve the combustion stability of the gas fuel compared with the prior art; secondly, each swirler forms a recirculation zone. The present application forms several recirculation zones at the front end of the flame tube by arranging several swirlers; in each recirculation zone, air and fuel are mixed and burned. By burning the gas fuel and air in zones, a sufficiently good organized combustion mode can be obtained and the turbulence can be increased. Moreover, the organized combustion mode of the present application is a zoned diffusion combustion mode, that is, the incoming air is "diverted" through a number of swirlers to form a plurality of recirculation zones, and the gas fuel is also matched with the swirlers through a plurality of gas fuel nozzles. Each recirculation zone is a combustion area, so that the uniformity of the fuel gas is greatly improved, which is beneficial to provide a good temperature field and flow field for the downstream, so as to mix with the crude oil from the crude oil nozzle downstream, which is more conducive to the chemical reaction process such as cracking of the crude oil, and is beneficial to provide the necessary temperature conditions for the formation of carbon black.

[0010] Furthermore, N circles of through hole groups are radially distributed on the adapter plate, and each circle of through hole group includes a number of annularly evenly distributed through holes; the apertures of the through holes in any two circles of through hole groups are different, where N≥2. In this scheme, the through holes are distributed in an annular array on the adapter plate. Specifically, each circle of through holes on the adapter plate together constitutes a through hole group, and the radial positions of the through hole groups are different, and each circle of through hole group includes a number of annularly evenly distributed through holes. Of course, the number of circles of through holes and the number of through holes in each circle are calculated based on the size of the reactor and the aerodynamic performance requirements of the specific application, so that the air and gas fuel mixture flowing out of each vortex finder are relatively uniform, neither separated too far from each other nor interfering with each other and overlapping. Through the setting of this scheme, the temperature field and the airflow field in the flame tube can be fully adapted, which significantly improves the utilization efficiency of the gas fuel.

[0011] Furthermore, the raw oil nozzle includes a housing, a sleeve located in the housing, and a swirl core located in the sleeve. The housing passes through the nozzle mounting seat on the casing and is inserted into the sleeve assembly on the flame tube. The oil inlet of the raw oil nozzle is located outside the casing. The raw oil nozzle passes through the nozzle mounting seat from the outside of the casing and is inserted into the sleeve assembly on the flame tube. Positioning and installation are achieved through the nozzle mounting seat and the sleeve assembly. The fuel flows into the raw oil nozzle through the fuel inlet nozzle, rotates out at the swirl core to form a cone-shaped oil mist and enters the mainstream in the flame tube.

[0012] Furthermore, the sleeve assembly includes an annular protrusion, an annular groove is arranged on the annular protrusion, a floating ring is arranged in the annular groove, the thickness of the floating ring is smaller than the width of the annular groove, and the floating ring is sleeved outside the shell; there is a gap between the outer wall of the shell and the inner wall of the sleeve assembly, and a plurality of air inlet holes are also arranged on the sleeve assembly, the air inlet holes are connected with the gap, and the air inlet holes are located between the annular protrusion and the flame tube. The annular protrusion protrudes radially outward, which is convenient for opening an annular groove thereon, and providing an installation position for the floating ring. The thickness of the floating ring is smaller than the width of the annular groove, so that the floating ring can float within an appropriate range along the axial direction of the crude oil nozzle, which has the effect of buffering the injection reaction force of the crude oil nozzle and improving the stability of the injection process. In addition, in the present embodiment, there is a gap between the outer wall of the shell and the inner wall of the sleeve assembly, and a number of air inlet holes are provided on the sleeve assembly. The air entering between the casing and the flame tube from the air intake assembly can also pass through the above-mentioned air inlet holes into the gap between the sleeve assembly and the shell of the fuel oil nozzle, and mix with the rotating conical oil mist flowing out. This not only improves the dispersion of the oil mist and makes the oil mist more uniform after entering the flame tube, but also increases the kinetic energy of the oil mist injection, so that the oil mist is sprayed farther into the flame tube and directly rushes out of the slow flow area formed by the air film in the present application, ensuring that the oil mist is carried by the high-temperature gas to the downstream reaction section.

[0013] Furthermore, the downstream of the throat section is a reaction section, the reaction section is coaxial with the throat section, and the inner diameter of the reaction section is larger than the inner diameter of the throat section; there is a refractory baffle between the reaction section and the throat section, and the throat section and the refractory baffle are in contact with each other through elastic tongues. In this scheme, since the inner diameter of the reaction section is larger than the inner diameter of the throat section, the junction of the reaction section and the throat section must form an annular vortex area at the head position of the reaction section. When the air film in this application enters the reaction section along the throat section, a vortex is formed in the vortex area, which can disturb the high-temperature gas carrying oil mist, further improve the uniformity of oil mist dispersion, and help improve the quality of carbon black generation. The throat section and the refractory baffle are in contact with each other through elastic tongues, which play a role in radial positioning and sealing.

[0014] Carbon black preparation method based on the aforementioned air-cooled high-temperature alloy carbon black reactor:

[0015] The gas fuel enters the first gas collecting cavity from the gas fuel intake assembly, and then is sprayed into the flame tube through the gas fuel nozzle, and a swirler is arranged outside the gas fuel nozzle;

[0016] Air enters the annulus between the casing and the flame tube from the air intake assembly, and then part of the air enters the flame tube from the cooling hole, forming an air film on the inner wall of the flame tube that flows downstream, and the rest of the air enters the second air collecting cavity, and then passes through the swirler and is ejected into the flame tube;

[0017] The air and gas fuel are mixed in the swirler, forming a recirculation zone at the head of the flame tube;

[0018] The crude oil is sprayed out from the crude oil nozzle in the throat section.

[0019] Furthermore, a plurality of swirlers are distributed in an array at the head of the flame tube to form an array-type reflow zone.

[0020] In the present scheme, the array-distributed swirlers form an array-type recirculation zone downstream thereof; in each recirculation zone, the air and fuel are mixed and burned simultaneously, so that a sufficiently good organized combustion mode can be obtained by burning the gas fuel and air in zones; the organized combustion mode is a zoned diffusion combustion mode, i.e., the incoming air is "divided" through the array-type swirlers to form a plurality of recirculation zones, and the gas fuel is also matched with the swirlers through a plurality of gas fuel nozzles, and each recirculation zone is a combustion zone (or flame zone), so that the uniformity of the fuel gas is greatly improved, and a good temperature field and flow field are provided for the downstream throat, so that the fuel gas can be mixed with the crude oil from the crude oil nozzle, so that the crude oil can undergo chemical reactions such as cracking, thereby providing the necessary temperature for the formation of carbon black in the reaction section.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

[0022] 1. The present invention discloses an air-cooled high-temperature alloy carbon black reactor and a method for preparing carbon black. The flame tube is used to replace the brick hearth of a traditional combustion chamber, thereby solving the problem that impurities are washed away and interfere with the quality of carbon black production. The throat section is also avoided from being washed away, resulting in an increase in diameter and thus reducing the gas flow rate, which affects the atomization of fuel oil.

[0023] 2. The present invention provides an air-cooled high-temperature alloy carbon black reactor and a carbon black preparation method. Air continuously enters the flame tube from the cooling hole, thereby continuously forming a layer of air film on the inner wall of the flame tube. The air film can effectively protect the inner wall of the flame tube, avoid direct contact between the high-temperature flame and the inner wall of the flame tube, and avoid direct erosion of the inner wall of the flame tube by the high-temperature airflow, thereby significantly reducing the maintenance and replacement frequency of the combustion chamber. Compared with the traditional brick combustion chamber, it can significantly reduce the manpower and material costs, and also make the air more evenly distributed throughout the flame tube to assist the combustion of gas fuel.

[0024] 3. The present invention provides an air-cooled high-temperature alloy carbon black reactor and a carbon black preparation method. By arranging the axis of the cooling hole to be inclined from the outside to the inside toward the downstream direction, the air film can be made complete, continuous and fluid, thereby significantly improving the air cooling effect.

[0025] 4. The present invention provides an air-cooled high-temperature alloy carbon black reactor and a carbon black preparation method, which use a technology that combines a swirler and a gas fuel nozzle, so that air passes through the swirler to form a recirculation zone to stabilize the flame, which can significantly improve the combustion stability of the gas fuel compared to the prior art; and each swirler forms a recirculation zone, and through the arrangement of several swirlers, several recirculation zones are formed downstream; in each recirculation zone, air and fuel are mixed and burned, and by burning the gas fuel and air in zones, a sufficiently good organized combustion mode can be obtained and the turbulence can be improved.

[0026] 5. The present invention provides an air-cooled high-temperature alloy carbon black reactor and a carbon black preparation method, wherein the organized combustion mode is a zoned diffusion combustion mode, that is, the incoming air is "diverted" through a number of swirlers to form a plurality of recirculation zones, and the gas fuel is also matched with the swirlers through a plurality of gas fuel nozzles, and each recirculation zone is a combustion area, so that the uniformity of the fuel gas is greatly improved, which is beneficial to provide a good temperature field and flow field for the downstream, so as to mix with the raw oil from the raw oil nozzle in the downstream, which is more conducive to the chemical reaction process such as cracking of the raw oil, and is beneficial to provide the necessary environmental temperature for the generation of carbon black. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] The drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the present invention, constitute a part of this application, and do not constitute a limitation of the embodiments of the present invention. In the drawings:

[0028] Figure 1is a schematic diagram of a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 It is a partial schematic diagram of a flame tube in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 3 It is a front view of the adapter plate in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of a half-section structure of a cyclone in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the assembly of a gas fuel nozzle in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the feedstock oil nozzle in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 7 It is a partial schematic diagram of a sleeve assembly in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the organization combustion mode in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the airflow field of a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Fig.10 This is a simulation diagram of the temperature field of a specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0038] Marks and corresponding parts names in the attached drawings:

[0039] 1-air intake assembly, 2-gas fuel intake assembly, 3-recirculation zone, 4-through hole, 5-gas fuel nozzle, 6-swirler, 601-straight section, 602-reduced diameter section, 603-expanded diameter section, 604-swirl blade, 605-nozzle mounting hole, 7-adapter plate, 8-flame, 9-flame tube, 10-casing, 11-raw oil nozzle, 12-throat section, 13-cooling hole, 14-first air collecting cavity, 15-second air collecting cavity, 16-casing flange, 17-sleeve, 18-swirl core, 19-sleeve assembly, 20-oil inlet nozzle, 21-annular protrusion, 22-annular groove, 23-floating ring, 24-inlet hole, 25-reaction section, 26-refractory baffle, 27-elastic tongue, 28-swirl area, 29-nozzle mounting seat, 30-shell. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with embodiments and drawings. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their description are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0041] Embodiment 1:

[0042] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 The air-cooled high-temperature alloy carbon black reactor shown in the figure includes a casing 10, an air intake assembly 1 located on the casing 10, a gas fuel intake assembly 2, and a combustion chamber arranged in the casing 10, the combustion chamber has a throat section 12, a raw oil nozzle 11 is arranged on the throat section 12, and the combustion chamber includes a flame tube 9, a plurality of cooling holes 13 are arranged on the flame tube 9, and the axis of the cooling hole 13 is inclined from the outside to the inside to the downstream direction. Among them, the gas fuel intake assembly 2 is connected to the first gas collection cavity 14, and the air intake assembly 1 is connected to the second gas collection cavity 15; the gas fuel enters the flame tube 9 through the first gas collection cavity 14, and the air enters the flame tube 9 through the cooling holes 13 and the second gas collection cavity 15. In this embodiment, the flame tube 9 is made of high-temperature alloy material.

[0043] Preferably, the diameter of the cooling hole 13 is 0.5-1.5 mm.

[0044] In this embodiment, the air intake assembly 1 mainly includes an inlet flange and an inlet cylinder; the gas fuel intake assembly mainly includes an inlet flange and an inlet cylinder. The inlet cylinder of the air intake assembly 1 is vertically connected to the casing and is located above the casing; each inlet flange and inlet cylinder can be circular, rectangular or square.

[0045] The equipment structure of this embodiment is simplified (no cooling water system), and a high-temperature alloy combustion chamber is used, which reduces the erosion of traditional refractory materials by gas scouring, has good maintainability and long service life, thereby reducing costs. At the same time, a swirler is used at the head of the combustion chamber to stabilize the flame, strengthen the mixing of air and fuel, increase turbulence, strengthen the organization of combustion, perform uniform and sufficient combustion, and provide a uniform temperature field.

[0046] Embodiment 2:

[0047] An air-cooled high-temperature alloy carbon black reaction furnace, based on Example 1, as Figures 1 to 5As shown, the flame tube 9 is connected to the inside of the casing 10 through the casing flange 16, and the air can enter the second gas collecting chamber 15 through the casing flange 16; the second gas collecting chamber 15 is located between the flame tube 9 and the first gas collecting chamber 14. The head of the flame tube 9 is connected to the adapter plate 7, and the side of the adapter plate 7 facing away from the flame tube 9 is the second gas collecting chamber 15; the adapter plate 7 is provided with a plurality of through holes, each of which is correspondingly installed with a swirler 6, and a gas fuel nozzle 5 is inserted into each swirler 6; the inlet end of the swirler 6 is located in the second gas collecting chamber 15, and the inlet end of the gas fuel nozzle 5 is located in the first gas collecting chamber 14. Three circles of through hole groups are distributed radially on the adapter plate 7, and each circle of through hole groups includes a plurality of through holes evenly distributed in an annular shape.

[0048] Preferably, the gas fuel nozzle 5 can be fixed on the gas collecting chamber flange plate by welding or threaded connection, and the gas collecting chamber cover plate and the gas collecting chamber flange plate are welded together to form a first gas collecting chamber.

[0049] Preferably, the cylinder of the flame tube is bolted to the adapter plate 7 to form a flame tube assembly, and is further bolted to the casing.

[0050] Preferably, the adapter plate 7 and the cyclone 6 are both made of high-temperature alloy material.

[0051] A more preferred embodiment is that the apertures of the through holes in any two through hole groups are different; and the corresponding number of swirlers is calculated based on the swirler size and aerodynamic performance, so that the air and gas fuel mixture flowing out of each swirler are evenly distributed, neither separated too far from each other nor interfered too heavily with each other. The airflow field of this embodiment when working is as follows Fig. 9 As shown, the temperature field is Fig.10 As shown, it can be seen that the airflow field and the temperature field are highly matched, which significantly improves the combustion efficiency.

[0052] In this embodiment, the cyclone 6 may be a single / multi-stage blade axial / radial cyclone, or may be a bevel-cut hole cyclone, or other cyclones capable of generating a stable recirculation zone.

[0053] The carbon black preparation method based on this embodiment is:

[0054] The gas fuel enters the first gas collecting cavity 14 from the gas fuel intake assembly 2, and then is sprayed into the flame tube 9 through the gas fuel nozzle 5, and the gas fuel nozzle 5 is provided with a swirler 6;

[0055] At the same time, air enters the annulus between the casing 10 and the flame tube 9 from the air intake assembly 1, and then part of the air enters the flame tube 9 from the cooling hole 13, forming an air film flowing downstream on the inner wall of the flame tube 9, and the rest of the air enters the second air collecting cavity 15, and then passes through the swirler 6 and is ejected into the flame tube 9;

[0056] The air and gas fuel are mixed in the swirler 6, forming a reflow zone at the head of the flame tube 9;

[0057] Then, the stock oil is ejected from the stock oil nozzle 11 at the throat section 12 .

[0058] Embodiment 3:

[0059] An air-cooled high-temperature alloy carbon black reactor, based on Example 2, the cyclone in this embodiment is as follows Figure 4 As shown, it includes a straight section 601 , a reduced diameter section 602 , and an expanded diameter section 603 which are connected in sequence; a swirl blade 604 is arranged in the straight section 601 , and the swirl blade 604 has a nozzle mounting hole 605 , and the gas fuel nozzle 5 passes through the nozzle mounting hole 605 .

[0060] The gas fuel nozzle 5 is loosely matched with the nozzle mounting hole 605. The inlet end of the gas fuel nozzle 5 is connected to the input end of the gas fuel. Figure 5 As shown, the outlet end of the gas fuel nozzle 5 is located in the reduced diameter section 602 .

[0061] In a more preferred embodiment, the cyclone 6 is welded or bolted to the adapter plate 7 and corresponds one to one with the through holes 4; the adapter plate 7 is made of a high temperature alloy material or a ceramic material.

[0062] In this embodiment, the air passes through the swirler to form a recirculation zone 3 to stabilize the flame 8. The principle of generating the recirculation zone 3 is as follows: the swirling airflow formed after the air flows through the swirler 6 forms a zone formed by the recirculation of the airflow due to the lower pressure in the middle area. The low flow rate in this area has the function of stabilizing the flame. Each swirler 6 forms a recirculation zone 3, and the array of swirlers 6 forms an array of recirculation zones 3 downstream thereof; in each recirculation zone 3, the air and fuel are mixed and burned, so that a sufficiently good organized combustion mode can be obtained by partitioning the combustion of gas fuel and air; this organized combustion mode is a partitioned diffusion combustion mode such as Figure 8 As shown, the incoming air is "divided" through an array of swirlers to form a plurality of recirculation zones 3, and the gas fuel is also matched with the swirlers through a plurality of gas fuel nozzles. Each recirculation zone 3 is a combustion zone or a flame zone, so that the uniformity of the fuel gas is greatly improved, providing a good temperature field and flow field for the downstream throat to mix with the crude oil from the crude oil nozzle, so that the crude oil undergoes chemical reactions such as cracking, thereby providing the necessary temperature for the formation of carbon black in the reaction section.

[0063] Embodiment 4:

[0064] An air-cooled high-temperature alloy carbon black reaction furnace, based on any of the above embodiments, the raw oil nozzle 11 is as follows Figure 6As shown, it includes a shell 30, a sleeve 17 located in the shell 30, and a swirl core 18 located in the sleeve 17. The shell 30 passes through the nozzle mounting seat 29 on the casing 10 and is inserted into the sleeve assembly 19 on the flame tube 9. The oil inlet nozzle 20 of the raw oil nozzle 11 is located outside the casing 10.

[0065] Sleeve assembly 19 as Figure 7 As shown, it includes an annular protrusion 21, an annular groove 22 is arranged on the annular protrusion 21, a floating ring 23 is arranged in the annular groove 22, the thickness of the floating ring 23 is smaller than the width of the annular groove 22, and the floating ring 23 is sleeved outside the shell 30; there is a gap between the outer wall of the shell 30 and the inner wall of the sleeve assembly 19, and a plurality of air inlet holes 24 are also provided on the sleeve assembly 19, the air inlet holes 24 are connected with the gap, and the air inlet holes 24 are located between the annular protrusion 21 and the flame tube 9.

[0066] Preferably, in this embodiment, the floating ring 23 and the housing 30 are dynamically sealed.

[0067] In this embodiment, the diameter of the throat section is set according to the gas velocity requirement here, and a number of nozzle mounting seats 29 evenly distributed in an annular shape are opened on the throat section. A number of crude oil nozzles 11 are inserted through the nozzle mounting seats on the casing and cooperate with the number of nozzle mounting seats 29 on the throat.

[0068] Embodiment 5:

[0069] An air-cooled high-temperature alloy carbon black reactor, based on any of the above embodiments, the downstream of the throat section 12 is a reaction section 25. Figure 6 As shown, the reaction section 25 is coaxial with the throat section 12, and the inner diameter of the reaction section 25 is larger than the inner diameter of the throat section 12; a refractory baffle 26 is provided between the reaction section 25 and the throat section 12, and the throat section 12 and the refractory baffle 26 are in contact with each other through an elastic tongue 27. Since the reaction section is not eroded by high-speed airflow, there is no impurity shedding that affects the quality of carbon black production, so the reaction section can use refractory bricks as the furnace wall.

[0070] In this embodiment, since the inner diameter of the reaction section is larger than the inner diameter of the throat section, an annular vortex area 28 must be formed at the head position of the reaction section at the junction of the reaction section and the throat section. When the gas film in this application enters the reaction section along the throat section, a vortex is formed in the vortex area 28, which can disrupt the high-temperature gas carrying the oil mist, further improve the uniformity of the oil mist dispersion, facilitate the stable and uniform cracking reaction, and improve the quality of carbon black production.

[0071] The specific implementation methods described above further illustrate the objectives, technical solutions and beneficial effects of the present invention in detail. It should be understood that the above description is only a specific implementation method of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0072] It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. In addition, the term "connected" used in this article can be directly connected or indirectly connected via other components without special explanation.

Claims

1. An air-cooled high-temperature alloy carbon black reactor, comprising a casing (10), an air intake assembly (1) located on the casing (10), a gas fuel intake assembly (2), and a combustion chamber arranged in the casing (10), the combustion chamber having a throat section (12), a raw oil nozzle (11) being arranged on the throat section (12), characterized in that: The combustion chamber comprises a flame tube (9), a plurality of cooling holes (13) are arranged on the flame tube (9), and the axes of the cooling holes (13) are inclined from the outside to the inside in a downstream direction; The raw oil nozzle (11) comprises a housing (30), a sleeve (17) located in the housing (30), and a swirl core (18) located in the sleeve (17); the housing (30) passes through a nozzle mounting seat (29) on the casing (10) and is inserted into a sleeve assembly (19) on the flame tube (9); and an oil inlet nozzle (20) of the raw oil nozzle (11) is located outside the casing (10); Downstream of the throat section (12) is a reaction section (25), the reaction section (25) is coaxial with the throat section (12), and the inner diameter of the reaction section (25) is larger than the inner diameter of the throat section (12); a fire-resistant baffle (26) is provided between the reaction section (25) and the throat section (12), and the throat section (12) and the fire-resistant baffle (26) are in contact with each other via an elastic tongue (27).

2. The air-cooled high-temperature alloy carbon black reaction furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gas fuel intake assembly (2) is connected to a first air collecting cavity (14), and the air intake assembly (1) is connected to a second air collecting cavity (15); the gas fuel enters the flame tube (9) through the first air collecting cavity (14), and the air enters the flame tube (9) through the cooling hole (13) and the second air collecting cavity (15).

3. The air-cooled high-temperature alloy carbon black reaction furnace according to claim 2, characterized in that: The flame tube (9) is connected to the inside of the casing (10) via a casing flange (16), and air can enter the second air collecting chamber (15) through the casing flange (16); the second air collecting chamber (15) is located between the flame tube (9) and the first air collecting chamber (14).

4. The air-cooled high-temperature alloy carbon black reaction furnace according to claim 2, characterized in that: The head of the flame tube (9) is connected to an adapter plate (7), and the side of the adapter plate (7) facing away from the flame tube (9) is a second gas collecting chamber (15); a plurality of through holes are provided on the adapter plate (7), each of which corresponds to a swirler (6) for installation, and a gas fuel nozzle (5) is inserted into each swirler (6); the inlet end of the swirler (6) is located in the second gas collecting chamber (15), and the inlet end of the gas fuel nozzle (5) is located in the first gas collecting chamber (14).

5. The air-cooled high-temperature alloy carbon black reaction furnace according to claim 4, characterized in that: The adapter plate (7) has N circles of through hole groups distributed radially, each circle of through hole groups comprising a plurality of annularly evenly distributed through holes; the diameters of the through holes in any two circles of through hole groups are different, wherein N≥2.

6. The air-cooled high-temperature alloy carbon black reaction furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sleeve assembly (19) comprises an annular protrusion (21), an annular groove (22) is arranged on the annular protrusion (21), a floating ring (23) is arranged in the annular groove (22), the thickness of the floating ring (23) is smaller than the width of the annular groove (22), and the floating ring (23) is sleeved outside the shell (30); there is a gap between the outer wall of the shell (30) and the inner wall of the sleeve assembly (19), and a plurality of air inlet holes (24) are also provided on the sleeve assembly (19), the air inlet holes (24) are connected to the gap, and the air inlet holes (24) are located between the annular protrusion (21) and the flame tube (9).

7. A method for preparing carbon black based on an air-cooled high-temperature alloy carbon black reactor according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The gas fuel enters the first gas collecting cavity (14) from the gas fuel intake assembly (2), and then is sprayed into the flame tube (9) through the gas fuel nozzle (5), wherein a swirler (6) is disposed outside the gas fuel nozzle (5); Air enters the annular space between the casing (10) and the flame tube (9) from the air intake assembly (1), and then part of the air enters the flame tube (9) from the cooling hole (13), forming an air film on the inner wall of the flame tube (9) that flows downstream, and the rest of the air enters the second air collecting cavity (15), and then passes through the swirler (6) and is ejected into the flame tube (9); The air and the gas fuel are mixed in the swirler (6) and a recirculation zone is formed at the head of the flame tube (9); The crude oil is sprayed out from the crude oil nozzle (11) at the throat section (12).

8. The method for preparing carbon black according to claim 7, characterized in that: A plurality of swirlers (6) are distributed in an array at the head of the flame tube (9) to form an array-type recirculation zone.

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