Airborne 24V Generator Excitation Circuit
By designing an automatic control excitation circuit including diodes, voltage-regulating diodes, light emitting diodes and other components, the power consumption and line life shortening caused by the power supply of the excitation coil when the engine is not running is solved, and a low-power, long-life and low-cost excitation circuit is realized.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202011016522.2
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Patents(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2020-09-24
- Publication Date
- 2025-05-27
- Estimated Expiration
- 2040-09-24
AI Technical Summary
In the prior art, the excitation coil is in an energized state when the engine is not running, resulting in a shortening of power consumption and line service life, while additional controllers are required to increase costs.
An airborne 24V generator excitation circuit is designed, including diodes, voltage stabilizing diodes, light emitting diodes, resistors, photocouplers, capacitors, transistors and relays. Through the automatic control function, the excitation coil is connected when the generator is running and is disconnected at the end of the operation, ensuring that the excitation coil is in a disconnected state when the engine is not running, reducing power consumption.
It realizes low power consumption, high reliability, long service life, and reduces manufacturing costs when the engine is not running.
Smart Images
Figure CN112234884B_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of excitation circuits, in particular to an excitation circuit for an airborne 24V generator. Background Art
[0002] The function of the generator in an automobile is to convert part of the mechanical energy generated by the engine into electrical energy. Its working principle is electromagnetic induction, simply put, magnetic electricity generation.
[0003] Currently, diesel engines are equipped with 24V DC generators. Some high-power generators do not integrate an excitation circuit inside, so an external excitation circuit is required to make the generator generate electricity normally. A common simple load is connected in series with the excitation coil, or the vehicle controller is used to give a rated current to the excitation coil of the generator to start the generator. The problems existing in the existing methods are as follows: 1. The reliability is not high, and when the engine is not running, the excitation coil is always in the energized state, with a power consumption of about 1W, which affects the service life of the circuit and consumes the power of the battery. 2. An additional controller is required, resulting in too high a cost. Summary of the Invention
[0004] Aiming at the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides an excitation circuit for an airborne 24V generator, aiming to solve the problems such as the excitation coil being always in the energized state when the engine is not running in the prior art, which affects the circuit life and consumes the power of the battery.
[0005] To achieve the above invention purpose, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows:
[0006] The excitation circuit for an airborne 24V generator includes diode D1, diode D3, zener diode D2, light-emitting diode DL1, resistor R1, resistor R2, resistor R3, resistor R4, resistor R5, resistor R6, optocoupler U1, optocoupler U2, capacitor C1, capacitor C2, triode Q1, and relay K1;
[0007] One end of the resistor R1 is connected to a 24V power supply, the other end of the resistor R1 is electrically connected to one end of the light-emitting diode DL1, the other end of the light-emitting diode DL1 is electrically connected to pin 1 of the optocoupler U1, one end of the resistor R3 is respectively electrically connected to pin 2 of the optocoupler U1 and switch contact 2, switch contact 1 is electrically connected to the 24V power supply, the other end of the resistor R3 is electrically connected to the E+ terminal, the capacitor C1 is respectively electrically connected to one end of the diode D1 and the zener diode D2, the other end of the capacitor C1 is electrically connected to the ground terminal, the other end of the diode D1 is connected to a 14V power supply, the other end of the zener diode D2 is respectively electrically connected to the resistor R2, pin 3 of the optocoupler U1, and one end of the relay K1, the other end of the resistor R2 is electrically connected to pin 1 of the optocoupler U2, the other end of the relay K1 is electrically connected to pin 3 of the optocoupler U2, pin 4 of the optocoupler U2 is electrically connected to the ground terminal, one end of the diode D3 is electrically connected to pin 4 of the optocoupler U1, the other end of the diode D3 is electrically connected to one end of the resistor R5, one end of the resistor R5, one end of the resistor R4 is electrically connected to one end of the capacitor C2, the base of the triode Q1 is respectively electrically connected to the other end of the resistor R4 and one end of the resistor R6, the other end of the capacitor C2, the other end of the resistor R6, and the emitter of the triode Q1 are respectively electrically connected to the ground terminal.
[0008] Preferably, the zener voltage of the zener diode D2 is 12V.
[0009] Advantages of the present invention:
[0010] The on-board 24V generator excitation circuit provided by the present invention has an automatic control function. When the generator starts to operate, the circuit automatically connects the excitation coil. When the generator generates electricity normally, the circuit automatically disconnects and the excitation coil stops working automatically. When the engine is not running, the circuit has low power consumption, high reliability, long service life, and low manufacturing cost. Description of the Drawings
[0011] Figure 1 is the circuit connection structure diagram inside the generator in the prior art;
[0012] Figure 2 is the circuit structure diagram of the on-board 24V generator excitation circuit provided by the embodiment of the present invention; Detailed Embodiments
[0013] To describe in detail the technical content, achieved objectives and effects of the present invention, the following is described in conjunction with embodiments and accompanied by drawings.
[0014] Embodiment
[0015] As Figure 1 、 Figure 2As shown, the excitation circuit of the airborne 24V generator includes diode D1, diode D3, zener diode D2, light-emitting diode DL1, resistor R1, resistor R2, resistor R3, resistor R4, resistor R5, resistor R6, optocoupler U1, optocoupler U2, capacitor C1, capacitor C2, triode Q1, and relay K1;
[0016] One end of the resistor R1 is connected to the 24V power supply. The other end of the resistor R1 is electrically connected to one end of the light-emitting diode DL1. The other end of the light-emitting diode DL1 is electrically connected to pin 1 of the optocoupler U1. One end of the resistor R3 is respectively connected to pin 2 of the optocoupler U1 and switch contact 2. Switch contact 1 is electrically connected to the 24V power supply. The other end of the resistor R3 is connected to the E+ terminal. The capacitor C1 is respectively connected to one end of the diode D1 and the zener diode D2. The other end of the capacitor C1 is connected to the ground terminal. The other end of the diode D1 is connected to the 14V power supply. The other end of the zener diode D2 is respectively connected to the resistor R2, pin 3 of the optocoupler U1, and one end of the relay K1. The other end of the resistor R2 is connected to pin 1 of the optocoupler U2. The other end of the relay K1 is connected to pin 3 of the optocoupler U2. Pin 4 of the optocoupler U2 is connected to the ground terminal. One end of the diode D3 is connected to pin 4 of the optocoupler U1. The other end of the diode D3 is connected to one end of the resistor R5. One end of the resistor R5, one end of the resistor R4, and one end of the capacitor C2 are connected. The base of the triode Q1 is respectively connected to the other end of the resistor R4 and one end of the resistor R6. The other end of the capacitor C2, the other end of the resistor R6, and the emitter of the triode Q1 are respectively connected to the ground terminal. Figure 2 The 14V power supply terminal in Figure 1 is electrically connected to the W terminal of the generator in Figure 2 The 24V power supply terminal of the excitation circuit of the airborne 24V generator in Figure 1 is electrically connected to the B+ terminal of the generator in Figure 2 and both are electrically connected to the positive terminal of the battery. Figure 1 The ground terminal in Figure 2 is electrically connected to the B- terminal of the generator in Figure 1 and both are electrically connected to the negative terminal of the battery.
[0017] The working process of its generator and excitation circuit is as follows:
[0018] When the vehicle power supply is energized, the positive pole of the 24V battery power supply forms a loop as follows: the positive pole of the 24V battery power supply - resistor R1 - light-emitting diode DL1 - optocoupler U1 - resistor R3 - the internal excitation coil L4 of the generator - the negative pole of the battery. In this loop, due to the current limiting of resistor R1, the current passing through the excitation coil L4 is very small, only 14mA, and the internal excitation coil L4 of the generator does not work.
[0019] When the generator starts to operate, the W terminal of the generator inputs an AC power supply from the 14V power supply terminal of the excitation circuit. After being rectified and filtered by diode D1 and capacitor C1, it becomes 14V DC power. After being regulated by a zener diode, it becomes a 12VDC stable power supply. At this time, the current forms the following three loops:
[0020] The first loop: the triode terminal of optocoupler U1 - diode D3 - resistor R5 charges capacitor C2 - after resistors R4 and R6 divide the voltage, triode Q1 conducts.
[0021] The second loop: the current passes through resistor R2 - the light-emitting diode of optocoupler U2 - triode Q1 - ground wire to form a loop, and optocoupler U2 conducts.
[0022] The third loop: the relay K1 coil - optocoupler U2 - ground wire, the relay K1 works, the contacts close, and the 24V power supply outputs a 150mA current to supply power to the excitation coil L4 after being current-limited by resistor R3, and the excitation coil starts to work.
[0023] In this way, the voltages at both ends of the light-emitting diode DL1 are equal, the diode does not conduct, and the output terminal of the optocoupler U1 is cut off. Capacitor C2 discharges through resistors R4 and R6, maintaining the conduction of triode Q1 for about two seconds. After capacitor C2 discharges completely, triode Q1 cuts off, optocoupler U2 cuts off, the relay K1 resets, and the relay K1 contacts disconnect, completing the excitation work.
[0024] At this time, the generator generates electricity normally, and the E+ terminal is the same as the 24V voltage. The light-emitting diode DL1 does not work. At this time, the entire excitation circuit stops working. If the generator still does not generate electricity normally, the excitation circuit will restart until the generator can generate electricity normally. After the vehicle is powered on and the generator does not work, the light-emitting diode DL1 will always be on, playing a warning role, and the power consumption is about 0.3W.
[0025] In some embodiments, the regulated voltage value of the zener diode D2 is 12V; the capacitance of the capacitors C1 and C2 is 100UF, and the maximum voltage is 35V. The models of the optocouplers U1 and U2 are both PC817; the model of the triode Q1 is 1N555; the resistance values of the resistors R1 and R2 are both 1.5k ohms, the resistance value of the resistor R3 is 200 ohms, the resistance value of the resistor R4 is 51k ohms, the resistance value of the resistor R5 is 20k ohms, and the resistance value of the resistor R6 is 10k ohms.
[0026] Although the present invention has been described in detail with specific embodiments above, modifications or improvements can be made based on the present invention, which are obvious to those skilled in the art. Therefore, these modifications or improvements made without departing from the spirit of the present invention all fall within the scope of protection required by the present invention.
Claims
1. Aircraft 24V generator excitation circuit, Characterized in that, It includes diode D1, diode D3, zener diode D2, light-emitting diode DL1, resistor R1, resistor R2, resistor R3, resistor R4, resistor R5, resistor R6, optocoupler U1, optocoupler U2, capacitor C1, capacitor C2, triode Q1, relay K1; One end of the resistor R1 is connected to the 24V power supply, the other end of the resistor R1 is electrically connected to the positive electrode of the light-emitting diode DL1, the negative electrode of the light-emitting diode DL1 is electrically connected to the pin 1 of the optocoupler U1, one end of the resistor R3 is respectively connected to the pin 2 of the optocoupler U1 and the switch contact 2, the switch contact 1 is electrically connected to the 24V power supply, the other end of the resistor R3 is connected to the E+ terminal, the capacitor C1 is respectively connected to the negative electrode of the diode D1 and the negative electrode of the zener diode D2, the other end of the capacitor C1 is connected to the ground terminal, the positive electrode of the diode D1 is connected to the 14V power supply, the positive electrode of the zener diode D2 is respectively connected to the resistor R2, the pin 3 of the optocoupler U1, and one end of the relay K1, the other end of the resistor R2 is connected to the pin 1 of the optocoupler U2, the other end of the relay K1 is connected to the pin 3 of the optocoupler U2, the pin 4 of the optocoupler U2 is connected to the ground terminal, the positive electrode of the diode D3 is connected to the pin 4 of the optocoupler U1, the negative electrode of the diode D3 is connected to one end of the resistor R5, the other end of the resistor R5 and one end of the resistor R4 are connected to one end of the capacitor C2, the base of the triode Q1 is respectively connected to the other end of the resistor R4 and one end of the resistor R6, the other end of the capacitor C2, the other end of the resistor R6, and the emitter of the triode Q1 are respectively connected to the ground terminal; The pin 2 of the optocoupler U2 is connected to the collector of the triode Q1, and the switch contact 3 is suspended; The W terminal of the 14V power supply generator is electrically connected, and the 24V power supply is connected to the B+ terminal of the generator and the positive electrode of the battery; The ground terminal is connected to the B- terminal of the generator and the negative electrode of the battery, and the E+ terminal is connected to the D+ terminal of the excitation coil terminal of the generator; The working method steps of the excitation circuit are as follows: When the vehicle power supply is energized, the positive electrode of the 24V battery power supply forms a loop as: positive electrode of the 24V battery power supply - resistor R1 - light-emitting diode DL1 - optocoupler U1 - resistor R3 - internal excitation coil L4 of the generator - negative electrode of the battery; In this loop, due to the current limiting of the resistor R1, the current passing through the excitation coil L4 is very small, only 14mA, and the internal excitation coil L4 of the generator does not work; When the generator starts to operate for the first time, the W terminal of the generator inputs AC power from the 14V power supply terminal of the excitation circuit. After being rectified and filtered by diode D1 and capacitor C1, it becomes 14V DC power. After being regulated by zener diode D2, it becomes a 12VDC stable power supply. At this time, the current forms the following three loops: The first loop: The triode terminal of optocoupler U1 - diode D3 - resistor R5 charges capacitor C2 - after resistors R4 and R6 divide the voltage, triode Q1 conducts; The second loop: The current passes through resistor R2 - the light-emitting diode of optocoupler U2 - triode Q1 - ground wire to form a loop, and optocoupler U2 conducts; The third loop: The relay K1 coil - optocoupler U2 - ground wire, relay K1 works, the contacts close, and the 24V power supply outputs a 150mA current to supply power to the excitation coil after being limited by resistor R3, and the excitation coil starts to work; Thus, the voltages at both ends of the light-emitting diode DL1 are equal, the diode in optocoupler U1 does not conduct, and the output terminal of optocoupler U1 is cut off; Capacitor C2 discharges through resistors R4 and R6, maintaining the conduction of triode Q1 for about two seconds. After capacitor C2 discharges completely, triode Q1 cuts off, optocoupler U2 cuts off, relay K1 resets, and the contacts of relay K1 disconnect, completing the excitation work; At this time, the generator generates electricity normally, the E+ terminal is equal to the 24V voltage, and the light-emitting diode DL1 does not work. At this time, the entire excitation circuit stops working; If the generator does not generate electricity normally, the excitation circuit will restart until the generator can generate electricity normally.
2. The airborne 24V generator excitation circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, the regulated voltage value of the zener diode D2 is 12V.
Citation Information
Patent Citations
Onboard 24V generator excitation circuit
CN213661488U