Gear pump and end clearance dynamic measurement test device and method

Abstract

The present invention discloses a gear pump and a dynamic measurement test device and method for end face clearance thereof. The device comprises an ultrasonic transceiver module, an oil supply module, a drive module, a processing module, an ultrasonic sensor, a conductive slip ring, a disc and a photoelectric switch. The ultrasonic sensor is arranged at the two gear end faces of the active gear shaft in the gear pump, the conductive slip ring is arranged at the end of the active gear shaft in the gear pump, the disc is arranged on the journal of the active gear shaft in the gear pump, the photoelectric switch is arranged on one side of the disc and corresponds to the position of the ultrasonic sensor. The ultrasonic sensor is connected to the processing module through the ultrasonic transceiver module, and the photoelectric switch is connected to the processing module. The present invention uses an ultrasonic sensor to measure the clearance between the gear end face and the floating thrust plate in real time under the working state, uses a photoelectric switch to determine the position of the ultrasonic sensor, thereby deriving the inclination of the floating thrust plate, and processes the curve of the clearance value changing with the rotation angle in real time through the processing module.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a gear pump and an end face clearance dynamic measurement test device and method thereof, belonging to the technical field of gear pumps. Background Art

[0002] Volumetric efficiency is an important indicator to measure the working efficiency of meshing gear pumps, and leakage is the primary factor that causes the reduction of pump volumetric efficiency, among which the end clearance leakage is the largest. End clearance leakage mainly refers to the end clearance (axial clearance) between the two end surfaces of the gear and the front and rear thrust plates (or sleeves).

[0003] The automatic compensation of the axial clearance of high-pressure gear pumps generally adopts "elastic thrust plate" or "floating sleeve" to make it close to the end face of the gear under the action of hydraulic pressure, thereby reducing end face leakage. The key to high-pressure gear pumps is to reasonably design the thrust plate structure so that the torque balance generated by it can avoid the tilt of the thrust plate and ensure a certain oil film gap, and can also automatically compensate for the axial clearance problem caused by wear. Therefore, the reasonable design of the position and shape of the back pressure cavity is the key to achieve axial clearance compensation. Since the gap size cannot be directly measured, simulation or direct test methods are usually used to verify the rationality of the design of the floating thrust plate, which is not accurate and intuitive enough. Summary of the invention

[0004] The first object of the present invention is to provide a gear pump, which detects the gap between the end face of the driving gear shaft and the floating thrust plate by setting an ultrasonic sensor, and determines the position of the ultrasonic sensor by setting a photoelectric switch to realize a dynamic measurement test of the gear pump end face gap.

[0005] The second object of the present invention is to provide a gear pump end face clearance dynamic measurement test device, which uses an ultrasonic sensor to measure the clearance between the gear end face and the floating thrust plate in real time under the working state, and uses a photoelectric switch to determine the position of the ultrasonic sensor, thereby deducing the inclination of the floating thrust plate, and through the processing module, displays the curve of the clearance value changing with the rotation angle in real time.

[0006] The third object of the present invention is to provide a dynamic measurement test method for the end face clearance of a gear pump. The method can detect the clearance conditions at both end faces of the gear and the inclination conditions of the floating thrust plate under actual working conditions. The method is simple and intuitive, and is used to test and verify the rationality of the design of the floating thrust plate, which helps to optimize the design of the floating thrust plate.

[0007] The first object of the present invention can be achieved by adopting the following technical solutions:

[0008] A gear pump comprises a pump body, a driving gear shaft, a driven gear shaft, a floating thrust plate, an ultrasonic sensor, a conductive slip ring, a disc and a photoelectric switch, wherein the driving gear shaft, the driven gear shaft and the floating thrust plate are arranged inside the pump body, and both ends of the driving gear shaft extend out of the pump body, the ultrasonic sensor is arranged at the two gear end faces of the driving gear shaft, the conductive slip ring is arranged at the end of the driving gear shaft, the disc is arranged on the journal of the driving gear shaft, and the photoelectric switch is arranged on one side of the disc and corresponds to the position of the ultrasonic sensor.

[0009] Furthermore, the conductive slip ring includes a stator, a rotor, a brush, a rear oil seal and an end cover, the stator is fixed on the end cover, the rotor is fixed on the driving gear shaft, the brush is arranged on the stator, and the rear oil seal is pressed by the end cover.

[0010] Furthermore, the gear pump also includes a front end cover and a rear end cover, the front end cover is fixed at one end of the pump body, the rear end cover is fixed at the other end of the pump body, the rear end cover has a stepped groove, the rear oil seal is installed on the stepped groove and is tightened by the end cover, and the end cover is fixed on the rear end cover.

[0011] Furthermore, the gear pump also includes a pressure sensor, and the pressure sensor is arranged at two gear end surfaces of the driving gear shaft.

[0012] Furthermore, a small hole is opened on one side of the disk, and the optical axis of the photoelectric switch passes through the small hole.

[0013] Furthermore, the photoelectric switch is a slot-type photoelectric switch.

[0014] The second object of the present invention can be achieved by adopting the following technical solutions:

[0015] A gear pump end face clearance dynamic measurement test device comprises an ultrasonic transceiver module, an oil supply module, a drive module, a processing module, an ultrasonic sensor, a conductive slip ring, a disc and a photoelectric switch, wherein the ultrasonic sensor is arranged at two gear end faces of a driving gear shaft in the gear pump, the conductive slip ring is arranged at the end of the driving gear shaft in the gear pump, the disc is arranged on the journal of the driving gear shaft in the gear pump, the photoelectric switch is arranged on one side of the disc and corresponds to the position of the ultrasonic sensor, the ultrasonic sensor is connected to the processing module via the ultrasonic transceiver module, the photoelectric switch is connected to the processing module, and the oil supply module and the drive module are respectively connected to the gear pump.

[0016] Furthermore, the device also includes a pressure sensor, which is arranged at two gear end faces of the driving gear shaft in the gear pump, and is connected to the processing module.

[0017] Furthermore, the processing module is a computer.

[0018] The third object of the present invention can be achieved by adopting the following technical solutions:

[0019] A gear pump end face clearance dynamic measurement test method, the method comprising:

[0020] The ultrasonic sensor is arranged at the two gear end faces of the driving gear shaft in the gear pump, and the conductive slip ring is arranged at the end of the driving gear shaft in the gear pump;

[0021] The disc is arranged on the journal of the driving gear shaft in the gear pump, and the photoelectric switch is arranged on one side of the disc corresponding to the position of the ultrasonic sensor;

[0022] The gear pump is provided with working oil through the oil supply module, and the gear pump is provided with working power through the drive module. The output signal of the ultrasonic sensor is input into the processing module through the ultrasonic transceiver module, and the output signal of the photoelectric switch is directly input into the processing module;

[0023] The processing module processes the output signal, converts the discrete digital signal into a continuous analog signal for display, obtains the gap between the two gear end faces of the active gear shaft and the floating thrust plate, determines the position corresponding to the gap, and obtains the inclination angle of the floating thrust plate by deduction.

[0024] The present invention has the following beneficial effects compared with the prior art:

[0025] 1. The present invention arranges ultrasonic sensors at the two gear end faces of the driving gear shaft, and uses the ultrasonic principle to measure the gap between the two gear end faces and the floating thrust plate. The size of the end face gap can be measured in real time under the working state, and the axial movement of the floating thrust plate under the working condition can be directly reflected, which is used to test and verify the rationality of the design of the floating thrust plate. A disc is arranged on the journal of the driving gear shaft, and a photoelectric switch is arranged on one side of the disc. The disc and the photoelectric switch are used to determine the position of the ultrasonic sensor, so as to deduce and calculate the inclination direction and angle of the floating thrust plate, thereby solving the problem that it is difficult to measure the inclination of the floating thrust plate in the prior art.

[0026] 2. The present invention can also be provided with a pressure sensor, which is arranged at the two gear end faces of the driving gear shaft, and the pressure sensor is used to measure the pressure of the two gear end faces to study the relationship between the end face pressure and the end face clearance value. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without paying creative work.

[0028] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of a gear pump according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Enlarged view of point A in the middle.

[0030] Figure 3 The figure is a schematic diagram of the installation position of the driving gear shaft and the disc in the gear pump according to the embodiment of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 4 The present invention is a structural block diagram of a gear pump end face clearance dynamic measurement test device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0032] Among them, 1-pump body, 2-driving gear shaft, 3-driven gear shaft, 4-floating thrust plate, 5-front cover, 6-rear cover, 7-front oil seal, 8-sleeve, 9-ultrasonic sensor, 10-conductive slip ring, 1001-stator, 1002-rotor, 1003-brush, 1004-rear oil seal, 1005-end cover, 1006-stator screw, 1007-rotor screw, 1008-end cover screw, 11-disc, 1101-small hole, 12-photoelectric switch, 13-locating pin, 14-screw, 15-pressure sensor, 16-ultrasonic transceiver module, 17-oil supply module, 18-drive module, 19-processing module, 20-gear pump. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0034] Example:

[0035] like Figure 1 to Figure 3As shown, the present embodiment provides a gear pump, which is an external meshing gear pump and adopts ultrasonic detection technology. The ultrasonic detection technology has the advantages of high detection accuracy, simple process, convenient use and good safety. It is one of the most widely used and frequently used detection technologies. The gear pump includes a pump body 1, a driving gear shaft 2, a driven gear shaft 3, a floating thrust plate 4, a front cover 5, a rear cover 6, a front oil seal 7, a sleeve 8, an ultrasonic sensor 9, a conductive slip ring 10, a disc 11 and a photoelectric switch 12. The driving gear shaft 2, the driven gear shaft 3 and the floating thrust plate 4 are arranged in the pump body 1, and the two ends of the driving gear shaft 2 extend out of the pump body 1. The front cover 5 is fixed at one end of the pump body 1, and the rear cover 6 is fixed at the other end of the pump body 1. The front cover 5 and the pump body 1, and the rear cover 6 and the pump body 1 are accurately positioned by positioning pins 13. The front cover 5, the pump body 1 and the rear cover 6 are fixed by screws 14. The ultrasonic sensor 9 is a miniature ultrasonic sensor, and the photoelectric switch 12 is a slot-type photoelectric switch.

[0036] Further, first mounting holes 201 are provided at the two gear end faces of the driving gear shaft 2, and the ultrasonic sensor 9 is installed on the first mounting hole 201 to detect the gap between the two gear end faces of the driving gear shaft 2 and the floating thrust plate 4; in order to detect the pressure of the two gear end faces of the driving gear shaft 2, the gear pump of this embodiment also includes a pressure sensor 15, and second mounting holes 202 are also provided at the two gear end faces of the driving gear shaft 2. The second mounting hole 202 and the first mounting hole 201 are located on different teeth, and the pressure sensor 15 is installed on the second mounting hole 202. By detecting the pressure of the two gear end faces of the driving gear shaft 2, the relationship between the end face pressure and the end face gap value can be studied. The larger the end face gap value, the larger the end face leakage, and the lower the volumetric efficiency of the gear pump. The end face pressure is different at different positions, and the size changes from the inlet pressure to the outlet pressure. At the same position, the larger the end face gap, the smaller the end face pressure; this relationship can be verified through experimental research, and the end face pressure distribution of the gear pump can be obtained by measuring the end face pressure, so as to deduce and calculate the force of the gear end face, which is conducive to the design of the balance improvement of the floating thrust plate 4.

[0037] Further, a conductive slip ring 10 is arranged at the end of the driving gear shaft 2 for data transmission of the ultrasonic sensor 9 and the pressure sensor 14. The rear end cover 6 is provided with a stepped groove for installing the conductive slip ring 10. The input end of the conductive slip ring 10 rotates synchronously with the driving gear shaft 2, and the output end of the conductive slip ring 10 is fixed to the rear end cover 6, so as to avoid the entanglement of the data line in the driving gear shaft 2 while transmitting data; specifically, the conductive slip ring 10 includes a stator 1001, a rotor 1002, a brush 1003, a rear oil seal 1004 and an end cover 1005. The stator 1001 is fixed to the end cover 1005 by a stator screw 1006, the rotor 1002 is fixed to the driving gear shaft 2 by a rotor screw 1007, the brush 1003 is arranged on the stator 1001, the rear oil seal 1004 is installed on the stepped groove of the rear end cover 6 and is pressed by the end cover 1005, and the end cover 1005 is fixed to the rear end cover 6 by an end cover screw 1008.

[0038] Furthermore, the disc 11 is mounted on the journal of the driving gear shaft 2, and the photoelectric switch 12 is fixedly mounted on one side of the disc 11 and corresponds to the position of the ultrasonic sensor 9, so as to determine the position of the ultrasonic sensor 9; specifically, a small hole 1101 is opened on one side of the disc 11, and the optical axis of the photoelectric switch 12 passes through the small hole 1101. The small hole 1101 of this embodiment is located on the left side of the disc 11, and the small hole 1101 and the first mounting hole 201 are located in the same radial plane.

[0039] like Figure 4 As shown, the present embodiment further provides a gear pump end face clearance dynamic measurement test device, which includes an ultrasonic transceiver module 16, an oil supply module 17, a drive module 18, a processing module 19, an ultrasonic sensor 9, a pressure sensor 15, a conductive slip ring 10, a disc 11 and a photoelectric switch 12, wherein the ultrasonic sensor 9 is arranged at the two gear end faces of the driving gear shaft in the gear pump 20, the pressure sensor 15 is arranged at the two gear end faces of the driving gear shaft in the gear pump 20, the conductive slip ring 10 is arranged at the end of the driving gear shaft in the gear pump 20, the disc 11 is arranged on the journal of the driving gear shaft in the gear pump 20, and the photoelectric switch 12 is fixedly installed on the left side of the disc 11 and is connected to the ultrasonic transceiver module 16, an oil supply module 17, a drive module 18, a processing module 19, an ultrasonic sensor 9, a pressure sensor 15, a conductive slip ring 10, a disc 11 and a photoelectric switch 12. The position of the acoustic wave sensor 9 corresponds to that of the ultrasonic sensor 9, the ultrasonic sensor 9 is connected to the processing module 19 through the ultrasonic transceiver module 16, the photoelectric switch 12 and the pressure sensor 15 are respectively connected to the processing module 19, the oil supply module 17 and the drive module 18 are respectively connected to the gear pump 20, wherein the ultrasonic transceiver module 16 is used to transmit and receive ultrasonic signals, the oil supply module 17 is used to provide working oil for the gear pump 20, the drive module 18 is used to provide working power for the gear pump 20, the processing module 19 is a computer for data analysis and processing, and the functions of the ultrasonic sensor 9, the pressure sensor 15, the conductive slip ring 10 and the photoelectric switch 12 are the same as those of the above-mentioned gear pump, and will not be repeated here.

[0040] This embodiment also provides a gear pump end face clearance dynamic measurement test method, the method comprising the following steps:

[0041] S1. An ultrasonic sensor and a pressure sensor are arranged at two gear end faces of a driving gear shaft in a gear pump, and a conductive slip ring is arranged at the end of the driving gear shaft in the gear pump.

[0042] S2. Set the disc on the journal of the driving gear shaft in the gear pump, and set the photoelectric switch on one side of the disc, corresponding to the position of the ultrasonic sensor.

[0043] S3. The gear pump is provided with working oil through the oil supply module, and the gear pump is provided with working power through the drive module. The output signal of the ultrasonic sensor is input into the computer through the ultrasonic transceiver module, and the output signal of the pressure sensor and the photoelectric switch is directly input into the computer.

[0044] S4. The computer processes the output signal through signal processing software. The signal processing software is an existing product. The discrete digital signal is converted into a continuous analog signal and displayed on a display screen. The ultrasonic sensor signal obtains the gap size between the two gear end faces of the active gear shaft and the floating thrust plate, the pressure sensor signal obtains the pressure of the two gear end faces of the active gear shaft, and the photoelectric switch signal determines the position corresponding to the gap. According to the gap size between the two gear end faces and the floating thrust plate and the position corresponding to the gap, the inclination angle of the floating thrust plate is obtained by deduction.

[0045] Among them, according to the gap size between the two gear end faces and the floating thrust plate and the position corresponding to the gap, the inclination angle of the floating thrust plate is obtained by deduction, which specifically includes:

[0046] 1) Establish a three-dimensional coordinate system with the center of the driving gear shaft end face as the origin, the center lines of the two gears as the x-axis, the line perpendicular to the two gear center lines as the y-axis, and the axis of the driving gear shaft as the z-axis.

[0047] 2) Theoretically, any three measurement points can be selected to determine the plane of the floating thrust plate, thereby deriving the inclination angle. For the convenience of calculation, two points a (-r, 0, z1) and b (r, 0, z2) on the x-axis and two points c (0, -r, z3) and d (0, r, z4) on the y-axis are selected.

[0048] 3) Calculate the inclination angle in the x-axis direction as follows:

[0049]

[0050] Calculate the inclination angle along the y-axis as follows:

[0051]

[0052] Calculate the inclination angle of the floating thrust plate as follows:

[0053]

[0054] In summary, the present invention arranges the ultrasonic sensor at the two gear end faces of the active gear shaft, and uses the ultrasonic principle to measure the gap between the two gear end faces and the floating thrust plate. The end face gap size can be measured in real time under the working state, and the axial movement of the floating thrust plate under the working condition can be intuitively reflected, which is used to test and verify the design rationality of the floating thrust plate, and the disc is arranged on the journal of the active gear shaft, and the photoelectric switch is arranged on one side of the disc. The position of the ultrasonic sensor is determined by using the disc and the photoelectric switch, so as to deduce and calculate the inclination direction and angle of the floating thrust plate, which solves the problem that the prior art is difficult to measure the inclination of the floating thrust plate; in addition, the present invention can also arrange a pressure sensor, and the pressure sensor is arranged at the two gear end faces of the active gear shaft, and the pressure sensor is used to measure the pressure size of the two gear end faces, which is used to study the relationship between the end face pressure and the end face gap value.

[0055] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes according to the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention within the scope disclosed by the present invention, which shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A gear pump, comprising a pump body, a driving gear shaft, a driven gear shaft and a floating thrust plate, wherein the driving gear shaft, the driven gear shaft and the floating thrust plate are arranged in the pump body, and both ends of the driving gear shaft extend out of the pump body, characterized in that: It also includes an ultrasonic sensor, a conductive slip ring, a disc and a photoelectric switch, wherein the ultrasonic sensor is arranged at the two gear end faces of the driving gear shaft, the conductive slip ring is arranged at the end of the driving gear shaft, the disc is arranged on the journal of the driving gear shaft, and the photoelectric switch is arranged on one side of the disc and corresponds to the position of the ultrasonic sensor; The conductive slip ring comprises a stator, a rotor, a brush, a rear oil seal and an end cover, wherein the stator is fixed on the end cover, the rotor is fixed on the driving gear shaft, the brush is arranged on the stator, and the rear oil seal is pressed by the end cover; The gear pump further comprises a front end cover and a rear end cover, wherein the front end cover is fixed to one end of the pump body, the rear end cover is fixed to the other end of the pump body, the rear end cover is provided with a stepped groove, the rear oil seal is mounted on the stepped groove and is pressed by the end cover, and the end cover is fixed to the rear end cover; The gear pump further comprises a pressure sensor, and the pressure sensor is arranged at two gear end surfaces of the driving gear shaft.

2. The gear pump according to claim 1, characterized in that: A small hole is opened on one side of the disk, and the optical axis of the photoelectric switch passes through the small hole.

3. The gear pump according to claim 1, characterized in that: The photoelectric switch is a slot type photoelectric switch.

4. A gear pump end face clearance dynamic measurement test device, characterized in that: It includes an ultrasonic transceiver module, an oil supply module, a drive module, a processing module, an ultrasonic sensor, a conductive slip ring, a disc and a photoelectric switch, wherein the ultrasonic sensor is arranged at the two gear end faces of the driving gear shaft in the gear pump, the conductive slip ring is arranged at the end of the driving gear shaft in the gear pump, the disc is arranged on the journal of the driving gear shaft in the gear pump, the photoelectric switch is arranged on one side of the disc and corresponds to the position of the ultrasonic sensor, the ultrasonic sensor is connected to the processing module through the ultrasonic transceiver module, the photoelectric switch is connected to the processing module, and the oil supply module and the drive module are respectively connected to the gear pump; The conductive slip ring comprises a stator, a rotor, a brush, a rear oil seal and an end cover, wherein the stator is fixed on the end cover, the rotor is fixed on the driving gear shaft, the brush is arranged on the stator, and the rear oil seal is pressed by the end cover.

5. The gear pump end face clearance dynamic measurement test device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The device further comprises a pressure sensor, which is arranged at two gear end faces of a driving gear shaft in the gear pump and is connected to the processing module.

6. The gear pump end face clearance dynamic measurement test device according to any one of claims 4-5, characterized in that: The processing module is a computer.

7. A gear pump end face clearance dynamic measurement test method, implemented based on the gear pump end face clearance dynamic measurement test device according to any one of claims 4 to 6, characterized in that: The method comprises: The ultrasonic sensor is arranged at the two gear end faces of the driving gear shaft in the gear pump, and the conductive slip ring is arranged at the end of the driving gear shaft in the gear pump; The disc is arranged on the journal of the driving gear shaft in the gear pump, and the photoelectric switch is arranged on one side of the disc corresponding to the position of the ultrasonic sensor; The gear pump is provided with working oil through the oil supply module, and the gear pump is provided with working power through the drive module. The output signal of the ultrasonic sensor is input into the processing module through the ultrasonic transceiver module, and the output signal of the photoelectric switch is directly input into the processing module; The processing module processes the output signal, converts the discrete digital signal into a continuous analog signal for display, obtains the gap between the two gear end faces of the active gear shaft and the floating thrust plate, determines the position corresponding to the gap, and obtains the inclination angle of the floating thrust plate by deduction.

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