A hydrogen energy vehicle high voltage power distribution PDU system and power distribution method thereof

Abstract

The present invention discloses a high-voltage power distribution PDU system for a hydrogen energy vehicle and a power distribution method thereof. The present invention comprises a first high-voltage power distribution unit and a second high-voltage power distribution unit, wherein the first high-voltage power distribution unit is electrically connected to a fuel cell and a first high-voltage electrical device in a cabin respectively, and a pre-charging interface is also provided on the first high-voltage power distribution unit; the second high-voltage power distribution unit is electrically connected to a fuel cell, an auxiliary energy source and a second high-voltage electrical device, and a pre-charging output port is provided on the second high-voltage power distribution unit, and the pre-charging output port is electrically connected to the pre-charging interface through a high-voltage wiring harness. The present invention divides the high-voltage power distribution PDU system into a first high-voltage power distribution unit and a second high-voltage power distribution unit, wherein the first high-voltage power distribution unit meets the power distribution requirements of the first high-voltage electrical device in the cabin, and the second high-voltage power distribution unit meets the power distribution requirements of the second high-voltage electrical device, and only one high-voltage wiring harness is required between the first high-voltage power distribution unit and the second high-voltage power distribution unit as a pre-charging wiring harness connection, thereby reducing the high-voltage wiring harness.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of hydrogen energy vehicles, and in particular to a hydrogen energy vehicle high-voltage power distribution PDU system and a power distribution method thereof. Background Art

[0002] PDU stands for high-voltage distribution unit. Hydrogen fuel cell vehicles require PDU to distribute the high-voltage electricity provided by the hydrogen reactor and auxiliary energy to high-voltage electrical devices such as the fuel cell air compressor, drive motor controller, steering motor controller, and fuel cell PTC.

[0003] The hydrogen fuel cell vehicle under development, codenamed NVE1, adopts a rear-mounted, rear-wheel drive configuration. The drive motor, motor controller, and auxiliary energy sources such as power batteries and supercapacitors are all located near the rear axle of the vehicle. The hydrogen reactor and its accessories, steering motor controller, fuel cell PTC, and other high-voltage electrical components are located in the engine compartment. The vehicle has a wheelbase of 3665mm and a length of 4995mm. According to the traditional layout, whether the PDU is located in the engine compartment or somewhere under the vehicle body, it will result in long and numerous high-voltage wire harnesses running from the engine compartment to the rear axle. Furthermore, the vehicle's high-voltage platform is 576V. Excessively long and excessive wire harnesses can lead to the following problems:

[0004] The changing high-voltage current in the high-voltage wiring harness will generate an electromagnetic field, which may lead to risks in the electromagnetic compatibility of the entire vehicle. In serious cases, it may affect the vehicle control signals, interfere with the control system of the on-board computer, and even cause safety accidents.

[0005] Since the vehicle's high-voltage platform is 576V, there is a risk of leakage if the high-voltage wiring harness is too long. High-voltage leakage is a direct hazard to personal safety. If high-voltage leakage and water leakage occur, it will cause immeasurable losses.

[0006] The cost is too high. The wire diameter of high-voltage wiring harness is relatively thick, and the wiring harness safety level requirements are high. Too many high-voltage wiring harnesses will cause excessive cost pressure, and high costs will reduce the market competitiveness of the vehicle. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of the present invention is to address the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art and to propose a hydrogen energy vehicle high-voltage power distribution PDU system and a power distribution method thereof that divides the PDU into two.

[0008] A high-voltage power distribution PDU system for a hydrogen energy vehicle of the present invention includes a first high-voltage power distribution unit and a second high-voltage power distribution unit. The first high-voltage power distribution unit is arranged in the cabin, and is electrically connected to a fuel cell and a first high-voltage electrical device in the cabin, respectively. The first high-voltage power distribution unit is also provided with a pre-charging interface; the second high-voltage power distribution unit is arranged on one side of the drive motor, and is electrically connected to the fuel cell, auxiliary energy, and second high-voltage electrical device. The second high-voltage power distribution unit is provided with a pre-charging output port, and the pre-charging output port is electrically connected to the pre-charging interface through a high-voltage wiring harness; the fuel cell is electrically connected to the first and second high-voltage distribution units through the fuel cell DCDC.

[0009] Furthermore, the first high-voltage electrical device includes a steering motor controller, a fuel cell PTC, and a fuel cell air compressor.

[0010] Furthermore, the second high-voltage electrical device includes a drive motor controller and an air conditioner.

[0011] Furthermore, the auxiliary energy includes a power battery and a supercapacitor.

[0012] Furthermore, the power battery is a high-voltage lithium battery.

[0013] Furthermore, the supercapacitor is electrically connected to the second high-voltage power distribution unit via a supercapacitor DCDC.

[0014] Furthermore, the first high-voltage power distribution unit is electrically connected to the low-voltage battery.

[0015] A power distribution method for a high-voltage power distribution PDU system of a hydrogen energy vehicle. When the entire vehicle is in operation, the current generated by the fuel cell is first boosted by the fuel cell DCDC and then input into the second high-voltage power distribution unit. At this time, the current entering the second high-voltage power distribution unit generates a pre-charge current after passing through a pre-charge resistor, flows out from the pre-charge output port, and flows to the pre-charge interface of the first high-voltage power distribution unit through a high-voltage wiring harness to pre-charge the first high-voltage power distribution unit. After the pre-charge is completed, the electric energy provided by the fuel cell and auxiliary energy enters the first and second high-voltage power distribution units, and the high-voltage power distribution PDU system begins to operate normally. According to the vehicle control signal, power is distributed to the first and second high-voltage electrical devices, so that the entire vehicle can operate normally.

[0016] The present invention provides a hydrogen energy vehicle high-voltage power distribution PDU system while ensuring the completion of the PDU function. The high-voltage power distribution PDU system is innovatively divided into two parts, namely, a first high-voltage power distribution unit and a second high-voltage power distribution unit. The first high-voltage power distribution unit is arranged in the engine cabin to meet the power distribution needs of the first high-voltage electrical devices in the engine cabin. The second high-voltage power distribution unit is arranged near the drive motor to meet the power distribution needs of the second high-voltage electrical devices near the rear axle. Only one high-voltage wire harness is required between the first high-voltage power distribution unit and the second high-voltage power distribution unit as a pre-charge wire harness connection, which reduces the high-voltage wire harness, does not affect the vehicle control signal, does not interfere with the control system of the on-board computer, reduces the risk of leakage, reduces costs, and reduces the market competitiveness of the entire vehicle. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of a high-voltage power distribution PDU system for hydrogen energy vehicles.

[0018] 1. First high-voltage power distribution unit; 11. Pre-charge interface; 2. Second high-voltage power distribution unit; 21. Pre-charge output port; 3. Fuel cell; 4. First high-voltage electrical device; 41. Steering motor controller; 42. Fuel cell PTC; 43. Fuel cell air compressor; 5. Auxiliary energy; 51. Power battery; 52. Supercapacitor; 53. Supercapacitor DCDC; 6. Second high-voltage electrical device; 61. Drive motor controller; 62. Air conditioner; 7. High-voltage wiring harness; 8. Fuel cell DCDC; 9. Low-voltage battery. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The following are specific embodiments of the present invention and the accompanying drawings to further describe the technical solutions of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.

[0020] like Figure 1 As shown, a high-voltage power distribution PDU system for a hydrogen energy vehicle of the present invention includes a first high-voltage power distribution unit 1 and a second high-voltage power distribution unit 2. The first high-voltage power distribution unit 1 is arranged in the cabin, and the first high-voltage power distribution unit 1 is electrically connected to the fuel cell 3 and the first high-voltage electrical device 4 in the cabin respectively. The first high-voltage power distribution unit 1 is also provided with a pre-charge interface 11; the second high-voltage power distribution unit 2 is arranged on one side of the drive motor, and the second high-voltage power distribution unit 2 is electrically connected to the fuel cell 3, the auxiliary energy 5 and the second high-voltage electrical device 6. A pre-charge output port 21 is provided on the high-voltage power distribution unit, and the pre-charge output port 21 is electrically connected to the pre-charge interface 11 through a high-voltage wiring harness 7; the fuel cell 3 is electrically connected to the first high-voltage power distribution unit 1 and the second high-voltage power distribution unit 2 through the fuel cell DCDC8

[0021] A high-voltage power distribution PDU system for hydrogen energy vehicles of the present invention innovatively divides the high-voltage power distribution PDU system into two parts while ensuring the completion of the PDU function, namely, a first high-voltage power distribution unit 1 and a second high-voltage power distribution unit 2. The first high-voltage power distribution unit 1 is arranged in the engine cabin to meet the power distribution needs of the high-voltage electrical devices in the engine cabin, and the second high-voltage power distribution unit 2 is arranged near the drive motor to meet the power distribution needs of the high-voltage electrical devices near the rear axle. Only one high-voltage wire harness 7 is required between the first high-voltage power distribution unit 1 and the second high-voltage power distribution unit 2 as a pre-charge wire harness connection, which reduces the high-voltage wire harness 7, does not affect the vehicle control signal, does not interfere with the control system of the on-board computer, reduces the risk of leakage, reduces costs, and reduces the market competitiveness of the entire vehicle.

[0022] The high-voltage power distribution PDU system for hydrogen-powered vehicles is primarily used in vehicles with high-voltage electrical equipment, such as electric vehicles and hydrogen fuel cell vehicles. Its primary function is to distribute power to various high-voltage electrical equipment based on vehicle control signals. The PDU on a hydrogen fuel cell vehicle receives high-voltage electricity generated by the hydrogen reactor and auxiliary energy source 5 and distributes it to high-voltage electrical equipment, such as the motor controller, steering motor controller 41, and fuel cell PTC 42, based on vehicle control signals, to ensure the normal operation of the vehicle. The high-voltage power distribution PDU system for hydrogen-powered vehicles includes a first high-voltage power distribution unit 1 and a second high-voltage power distribution unit 2. The first high-voltage power distribution unit 1 is located within the engine compartment. Its input terminal receives the high-voltage current and pre-charge interface 11 provided by the hydrogen reactor, and its output terminal receives first high-voltage electrical devices 4, which can include the steering motor controller 41, fuel cell PTC 42, and fuel cell air compressor 43. The first high-voltage power distribution unit 1 distributes power to the first high-voltage electrical devices 4 at the output terminal according to the vehicle's needs, ensuring their normal operation. The second high-voltage power distribution unit 2 is located near the drive motor. Its input is an auxiliary energy source 5, including a fuel cell 3, a power battery 51, and a supercapacitor 52. Its output is a second high-voltage electrical device 6, which can be a motor controller or air conditioner 62. The second high-voltage power distribution unit 2 distributes power to these output high-voltage electrical devices according to the vehicle's needs, ensuring their normal operation. The power battery 51 can be a high-voltage lithium battery. The supercapacitor 52 is electrically connected to the second high-voltage power distribution unit 2 via a supercapacitor DC-DC 53.

[0023] The first high-voltage power distribution unit 1 is electrically connected to the low-voltage battery 9 to charge the low-voltage battery.

[0024] A power distribution method for a high-voltage power distribution PDU system of a hydrogen energy vehicle. When the entire vehicle is working, the current generated by the fuel cell 3 is first boosted by the fuel cell DCDC8 and then input into the second high-voltage power distribution unit 2. At this time, the current entering the second high-voltage power distribution unit 2 generates a pre-charge current after passing through the pre-charge resistor, flows out from the pre-charge output port 21, and flows through the high-voltage line to the pre-charge interface 11 of the first high-voltage power distribution unit 1 to pre-charge the first high-voltage power distribution unit 1. After the pre-charge is completed, the electric energy provided by the fuel cell 3 and the auxiliary energy 5 enters the first high-voltage power distribution unit 1 and the second high-voltage power distribution unit 2. The high-voltage power distribution PDU system starts to work normally and distributes power to different high-voltage electrical components according to the vehicle control signal, so that the entire vehicle can operate normally.

[0025] Any matters not mentioned above shall be subject to the existing technology.

[0026] Although some specific embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail through examples, those skilled in the art should understand that the above examples are for illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Those skilled in the art of the present invention may make various modifications or additions to the described specific embodiments or replace them in similar ways, but they will not deviate from the direction of the present invention or exceed the scope defined by the appended claims. Those skilled in the art should understand that any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A hydrogen energy vehicle high voltage power distribution PDU system, characterized by: The invention comprises a first high-voltage power distribution unit (1) and a second high-voltage power distribution unit (2), wherein the first high-voltage power distribution unit (1) is arranged in the cabin, the first high-voltage power distribution unit (1) is electrically connected to a fuel cell (3) and a first high-voltage electrical device (4) respectively, and the first high-voltage power distribution unit (1) is also provided with a pre-charging interface (11); the second high-voltage power distribution unit (2) is arranged on one side of the drive motor, the second high-voltage power distribution unit (2) is electrically connected to the fuel cell (3), the auxiliary energy (5) and the second high-voltage electrical device (6), and the second high-voltage power distribution unit (2) is provided with a pre-charging output port (21), and the pre-charging output port (21) is electrically connected to the pre-charging interface (11) via a high-voltage wiring harness (7); the fuel cell (3) is electrically connected to the first high-voltage power distribution unit (1) and the second high-voltage power distribution unit (2) via a fuel cell DCDC (8); When the vehicle is working, first, the current generated by the fuel cell (3) is boosted by the fuel cell DCDC (8) and then input into the second high-voltage distribution unit (2). At this time, the current entering the second high-voltage distribution unit (2) generates a pre-charge current after passing through the pre-charge resistor and flows out from the pre-charge output port (21), and flows to the pre-charge interface (11) of the first high-voltage distribution unit (1) through the high-voltage wire harness (7), so as to pre-charge the first high-voltage distribution unit (1). After the pre-charge is completed, the electric energy provided by the fuel cell (3) and the auxiliary energy (5) enters the first high-voltage distribution unit (1) and the second high-voltage distribution unit (2), and the high-voltage distribution PDU system starts to operate normally, and distributes power to the first high-voltage electrical device (4) and the second high-voltage electrical device (6) according to the vehicle control signal, so that the vehicle can operate normally.

2. A hydrogen energy vehicle high voltage power distribution PDU system as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The first high-voltage electrical device (4) comprises a steering motor controller (41), a fuel cell PTC (42), and a fuel cell air compressor (43).

3. A hydrogen energy vehicle high voltage power distribution PDU system as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The second high-voltage electrical device (6) comprises a drive motor controller (61) and an air conditioner (62).

4. A hydrogen energy vehicle high voltage power distribution PDU system as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The auxiliary energy (5) comprises a power battery (51) and a supercapacitor (52).

5. A hydrogen energy vehicle high voltage power distribution PDU system as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: The power battery (51) is a high-voltage lithium battery.

6. A hydrogen energy vehicle high voltage power distribution PDU system as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: The super capacitor (52) is electrically connected to the second high-voltage power distribution unit (2) via a super capacitor DCDC (53).

7. A hydrogen energy vehicle high voltage power distribution PDU system as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The first high-voltage power distribution unit (1) is electrically connected to a low-voltage battery (9).

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