A wet braking system

Abstract

The present invention discloses a wet braking system, which includes a drive axle and a wet brake device. The wet brake device is sleeved on the outer peripheral part of the rotating half shaft of the drive axle. The wet brake device includes a brake housing with a cavity inside, friction plates, spacer plates for cooperating with the friction plates to generate frictional force, and a piston for pressing or releasing the friction plates and the spacer plates. The friction plates, the spacer plates and the piston are coaxially arranged in the cavity. A fixed bridge body is sleeved on the outer peripheral part of the rotating half shaft, and a hub is sleeved on the outer peripheral part of the bridge body. The hub driven by the rotating half shaft can rotate in the cavity. The brake housing is connected to the hub, and one of the friction plates and the spacer plates is connected to the bridge body, and the other is connected to the brake housing. By using this system, the heat dissipation effect of the wet brake device can be effectively improved, so that the system does not need to be provided with an external forced cooler, thereby effectively simplifying the system structure and reducing the use cost of the system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of wet brakes, and more specifically, to a wet braking system. Background Art

[0002] At present, wet brakes are widely used in the drive axles of large-tonnage forklifts (above 10t). A wet brake uses the mutual friction between a non-rotating element connected to the vehicle body (or frame) and a rotating element connected to the wheel (or drive shaft) to prevent the rotation of the wheel.

[0003] A hydraulic brake wheel cylinder is installed on the brake backing plate of the wet brake and is connected to a hydraulic brake master cylinder installed on the frame through an oil pipe. The piston of the master cylinder can be manipulated by the driver through a brake pedal mechanism. When the driver steps on the brake pedal, the high-pressure oil of the braking system enters the piston cavity of the brake, and under the action of the oil pressure, the return spring is compressed, and the piston presses the moving friction plate and the static friction plate tightly, so that the moving friction plate and the static friction plate generate frictional force, and the generated frictional resistance moment can brake the wheel. When the brake pedal is released, the hydraulic oil in the piston cavity returns to the hydraulic oil tank, and the piston returns under the action of the return spring, and the moving friction plate and the static friction plate are separated, and the frictional resistance moment disappears, thereby releasing the wheel brake.

[0004] During the braking process, it is commonly set that the hub drives the friction plate to rotate, while the brake housing and the spacer do not rotate. A large amount of heat will be generated during this braking process, resulting in the need for an external forced cooling system for heat dissipation in the drive axle of the large-tonnage forklift, which makes the device structure more complex and increases the use cost of the device.

[0005] In summary, how to improve the heat dissipation effect of the wet brake is an urgent problem to be solved by those skilled in the art at present. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a wet braking system, which can effectively improve the heat dissipation effect of the wet brake device, simplify the system structure, and reduce the use cost of the system.

[0007] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0008] A wet braking system includes a drive axle and a wet brake device. The wet brake device is sleeved on the outer peripheral part of the rotating half shaft of the drive axle. The wet brake device includes a brake housing with a cavity inside, a friction plate, a spacer for cooperating with the friction plate to generate frictional force, and a piston for pressing or releasing the friction plate and the spacer. The friction plate, the spacer and the piston are coaxially arranged in the cavity;

[0009] A fixed bridge body is sleeved on the outer periphery of the rotating half shaft, a hub is sleeved on the outer periphery of the bridge body, and the hub driven by the rotating half shaft can rotate in the cavity. The brake housing is connected to the hub, and one of the friction plate and the spacer is connected to the bridge body, and the other is connected to the brake housing.

[0010] Preferably, the brake housing and the hub are detachably connected.

[0011] Preferably, the spacer is fixedly connected to the brake housing, and the friction plate is fixedly connected to the bridge body.

[0012] Preferably, the connection between the friction plate and the bridge body and the connection between the spacer and the brake housing are both detachable.

[0013] Preferably, the friction plate is arranged on the bridge body through a spline, and the spacer is arranged on the brake housing through a pin shaft.

[0014] Preferably, the friction plates and the spacers are arranged alternately in sequence, bolts are connected in series between the spacers, and a first elastic member is clamped between adjacent friction plates and spacers.

[0015] Preferably, the first elastic member is a disc spring.

[0016] Preferably, a second elastic member is arranged on one side of the piston for contacting the spacer.

[0017] Preferably, the second elastic member is a cylindrical helical compression spring.

[0018] When using the wet braking system provided by the present invention, when the driver steps on the brake pedal, the high-pressure oil of the braking system enters the cavity of the wet brake device. Under the action of the oil pressure, the piston presses the friction plate and the spacer tightly, so that the friction plate and the spacer generate frictional force, and then generate a frictional resistance torque, which can brake the wheel. When the brake pedal is released, the hydraulic oil in the cavity returns to the hydraulic oil tank, and the piston returns to its original position, so that the friction plate and the spacer are separated, and the frictional resistance torque disappears, thereby releasing the wheel brake. During the braking process, one of the friction plate and the spacer can rotate together with the brake housing and the hub, and the other remains stationary with the bridge body, which is beneficial to generating frictional force and torque between the friction plate and the spacer for relevant braking operations. Moreover, the hub can drive the brake housing to rotate, and when the brake housing rotates, it can fully drive the oil in the cavity to rotate, so as to increase the heat dissipation contact area between the oil and the air and between the oil and the oil, which is beneficial to the full and rapid heat dissipation of the oil, thereby effectively improving the heat dissipation effect of the wet brake device, so that the device does not need to be provided with an external forced cooler, and then effectively simplifies the device structure and reduces the use cost of the device.

[0019] In summary, the wet braking system provided by the present invention can effectively improve the heat dissipation effect of the wet brake device, simplify the system structure, and reduce the use cost of the system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only the embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the provided drawings without creative efforts.

[0021] Figure 1 It is a schematic installation diagram of the brake housing and the hub of the wet brake device provided by the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 It is a schematic installation diagram of the planet carrier and the hub;

[0023] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of the wet braking system provided by the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4 It is a schematic installation diagram of the disc spring.

[0025] Figures 1 - 4 Wherein:

[0026] 1 is the drive axle, 2 is the brake housing, 3 is the friction plate, 4 is the spacer, 5 is the piston, 6 is the hub, 7 is the spline, 8 is the pin shaft, 9 is the disc spring, 10 is the compression spring, 11 is the axle housing, 12 is the wet brake device, 13 is the rotating half shaft, 14 is the planet carrier, 15 is the brake housing fixing bolt, 16 is the hub bolt, 17 is the oil passage, 18 is the sealing ring, 19 is the sun gear, 20 is the planet gear. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0027] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0028] The core of the present invention is to provide a wet braking system, which can effectively improve the heat dissipation effect of the wet brake device, simplify the system structure, and reduce the use cost of the system.

[0029] Please refer to Figures 1 to 4 , wherein, Figure 1Schematic diagram of the installation of the brake housing and the hub of the wet brake device provided by the present invention; Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the installation of the planet carrier and the hub; Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the structure of the wet brake system provided by the present invention; Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the installation of the disc spring.

[0030] This specific embodiment provides a wet brake system, including a drive axle 1 and a wet brake device 12. The wet brake device 12 is sleeved on the outer peripheral part of the rotating half shaft 13 of the drive axle 1. The wet brake device 12 includes a brake housing 2 with a cavity inside, friction plates 3, spacer plates 4 for cooperating with the friction plates 3 to generate frictional force, and a piston 5 for pressing or releasing the friction plates 3 and the spacer plates 4. The friction plates 3, the spacer plates 4 and the piston 5 are coaxially arranged in the cavity. A fixed bridge body 11 is sleeved on the outer peripheral part of the rotating half shaft 13, and a hub 6 is sleeved on the outer peripheral part of the bridge body 11. The hub 6 driven by the rotating half shaft 13 can rotate in the cavity. The brake housing 2 is connected to the hub 6, and one of the friction plates 3 and the spacer plates 4 is connected to the bridge body 11, and the other is connected to the brake housing 2.

[0031] It should be noted that the brake housing 2 and the hub 6 can be fixedly connected by brake housing fixing bolts 15. The rotating half shaft 13 drives the hub 6 to rotate, specifically: the drive axle 1 is connected to the gearbox, the gearbox drives the main reducer of the drive axle to rotate, the main reducer drives the rotating half shaft 13 to rotate through the differential, the rotating half shaft 13 drives the sun gear 19 of the wheel side reducer to rotate, the sun gear 19 drives the planet gear 20 to rotate, the planet gear 20 drives the planet carrier 14 to rotate, and the planet carrier 14 drives the hub 6 to rotate. Among them, the bridge body 11 effectively supports the hub 6 through two tapered roller bearings to ensure that the hub 6 can rotate circumferentially. And, the planet carrier 14 and the hub 6 can be fixedly connected by hub bolts 16.

[0032] It should also be noted that the piston is placed in the cavity. When the driver steps on the brake pedal, the high-pressure oil of the brake system enters the cavity of the piston 5 through the oil passage 17. The piston 5 is immersed in the oil as a whole. And, there are two rectangular sealing rings 18 in the cavity to seal the oil to avoid oil leakage. Under the action of the oil pressure, the piston 5 will be pushed to move, and then drive the friction plates 3 and the spacer plates 4 to be pressed against or released from each other to achieve the braking operation. Since the brake housing 2 of this device can rotate, the heat dissipation area of the oil in the cavity is increased and the heat dissipation effect is enhanced. Therefore, this device can meet the cooling requirement through natural cooling, that is, there is no need to set up an external forced cooling system.

[0033] In the actual application process, the shapes, structures, dimensions, positions, materials, etc. of the drive axle 1, wheel hub 6, axle housing 11, brake housing 2, friction plate 3, spacer 4, and piston 5 can be determined according to the actual situation and actual requirements.

[0034] When using the wet braking system provided by the present invention, when the driver steps on the brake pedal, the high-pressure oil of the braking system enters the cavity of the wet brake device 12. Under the action of the oil pressure, the piston 5 presses the friction plate 3 and the spacer 4 tightly, so that the friction plate 3 and the spacer 4 generate frictional force, and then generate a frictional resistance torque, which can brake the wheel. When the brake pedal is released, the hydraulic oil in the cavity returns to the hydraulic oil tank, and the piston 5 returns to its original position, causing the friction plate 3 and the spacer 4 to separate, and the frictional resistance torque disappears, thereby releasing the wheel brake.

[0035] During the braking process, one of the friction plate 3 and the spacer 4 can rotate with the brake housing 2 and the wheel hub 6, and the other one is fixed with the axle housing 11, which is beneficial to generating frictional force and torque between the friction plate 3 and the spacer 4 for relevant braking operations. Moreover, the wheel hub 6 can drive the brake housing 2 to rotate. When the brake housing 2 rotates, it can fully drive the oil in the cavity to rotate, so as to increase the heat dissipation contact area between the oil and the air and between the oil and the oil, which is beneficial to the full and rapid heat dissipation of the oil, thereby effectively improving the heat dissipation effect of the wet brake device 12, enabling this device not to need to set an external forced cooler, and then effectively simplifying the device structure and reducing the use cost of the device.

[0036] In summary, the wet braking system provided by the present invention can effectively improve the heat dissipation effect of the wet brake device, simplify the system structure, and reduce the use cost of the system.

[0037] On the basis of the above embodiments, preferably, the brake housing 2 and the wheel hub 6 are detachably connected.

[0038] Preferably, the brake housing 2 and the wheel hub 6 can be fixedly connected by bolts, which is convenient for installing the device and is also beneficial to improving the overall service life of the device.

[0039] On the basis of the above embodiments, preferably, the spacer 4 is fixedly connected to the brake housing 2, and the friction plate 3 is fixedly connected to the axle housing 11. Therefore, the spacer 4 can rotate with the brake housing 2 and the wheel hub 6, while the friction plate 3 is fixed with the axle housing 11.

[0040] Preferably, both the connection between the friction plate 3 and the axle housing 11 and the connection between the spacer 4 and the brake housing 2 are detachable.

[0041] It should be noted that when one of the friction plate 3, the bridge body 11, the spacer 4 and the brake housing 2 is damaged, the damaged component can be replaced through disassembly operation, and then the new component can be used in cooperation with other undamaged components, which is beneficial to improving the overall service life of the device and reducing the maintenance cost of the device.

[0042] Preferably, the friction plate 3 is arranged on the bridge body 11 through a spline 7, and the spacer 4 is arranged on the brake housing 2 through a pin shaft 8.

[0043] It should be noted that usually multiple groups of friction plates 3 and spacers 4 are provided, and the friction plates 3 and spacers 4 are arranged alternately in sequence to form a combined structure of friction plate 3 - spacer 4 - friction plate 3 - spacer 4. When the piston 5 presses the friction plate 3, the friction plate 3 and the spacer 4 can generate frictional force, and then generate a frictional resistance moment, which can brake the wheel. Multiple groups of friction plates 3 can be effectively fixed on the bridge body 11 through the spline 7, and multiple groups of spacers 4 can be connected to the brake housing 2 through the pin shaft 8 and rotate synchronously.

[0044] In addition, it should be noted that the friction plate 3 of the present device is fixed on the bridge body 11 through a spline 7, and the spacer 4 is connected to the brake housing 2 through a pin shaft 8. The brake housing 2 and the wheel hub 6 are fixed by bolts, and the wheel hub 6 drives the brake housing 2 to rotate, thereby driving the spacer 4 to rotate. Therefore, the friction plate 3 of the present device does not move, while the spacer 4 and the brake housing 2 can rotate together with the wheel hub 6. In the prior art, usually a connecting device is provided between the wheel hub 6 and the friction plate 3 to make the friction plate 3 rotate with the wheel hub 6, and the spacer 4 and the brake housing 2 do not move. However, the present device does not need to be provided with this connecting device, that is, the present device can effectively simplify the internal structure of the brake and reduce the manufacturing difficulty and manufacturing cost of the device.

[0045] In the actual application process, the shapes, structures, dimensions, positions, etc. of the friction plate 3, the spacer 4, the spline 7, the pin shaft 8 and the brake housing 2 can be determined according to the actual situation and actual needs.

[0046] On the basis of the above embodiments, preferably, the friction plates 3 and the spacers 4 are arranged alternately in sequence, bolts are serially arranged between the spacers 4, and a first elastic member is clamped between adjacent friction plates 3 and spacers 4.

[0047] Preferably, the first elastic member is a disc spring 9. The disc spring 9 has characteristics such as variable stiffness and compact installation, and it is suitable for being installed between the friction plate 3 and the spacer 4, which can not only ensure the compactness of the device, but also ensure the effective separation of the friction plate 3 and the spacer 4.

[0048] It should be noted that when installing the conical spring 9, first, the friction plates 3 and spacer plates 4 can be alternately arranged in sequence to form a combined structure of friction plate 3 - spacer plate 4 - friction plate 3 - spacer plate 4, and two conical springs 9 are installed between each spacer plate 4 and friction plate 3. Since the size of the friction plate 3 is smaller than that of the spacer plate 4, and it is necessary to make one of the friction plate 3 and the spacer plate 4 rotate and the other not rotate, bolts can be passed through the inner holes of the spacer plate 4 and the conical spring 9, and then the bolts can be tightened with nuts. The installation process can be referred to Figure 4 . Finally, the spacer plates 4 are connected in series by bolts, the friction plates 3 are located below the bolts, and conical springs 9 are clamped between the friction plates 3 and the spacer plates 4. When the oil pressure is removed and the piston 5 is released, the elastic force of the conical spring 9 can quickly separate the friction plates 3 and the spacer plates 4 to avoid the problem of dragging abrasion between the friction plates 3 and the spacer plates 4, so as to generate a large amount of heat during the braking process.

[0049] It should be added that the number, model, position, etc. of the conical springs can be determined according to the actual conditions of the friction plates 3 and the spacer plates 4.

[0050] Preferably, a second elastic member is provided on the side of the piston 5 for contacting the spacer plate 4 to ensure that the piston 5 accurately presses or releases the spacer plate 4 and the friction plate 3.

[0051] Preferably, the second elastic member is a cylindrical helical compression spring 10.

[0052] It should be noted that when high-pressure oil enters the cavity of the brake, the piston 5 compresses the spring 10 under the action of the oil pressure. At the same time, the piston 5 presses the friction plate 3 and the spacer plate 4 tightly so that the friction plate 3 and the spacer plate 4 generate frictional force, and then generate a frictional resistance moment, which can brake the wheel. When the hydraulic oil in the cavity returns to the hydraulic oil tank, the piston 5 resets under the action of the compressed spring 10, so that the friction plate 3 and the spacer plate 4 are separated, and the frictional resistance moment disappears, thus releasing the wheel brake.

[0053] In addition, it should be added that this device adopts a two-group spring design. One group of compression springs 10 enables the piston 5 to quickly return to its original position, and one group of conical springs 9 enables the friction plates 3 and the spacer plates 4 to quickly disengage. These two-group spring designs can effectively prevent the problem of dragging abrasion between the friction plates 3 and the spacer plates 4. When the piston 5 pushes the friction plate 3 to brake, the spacer plate 4 compresses the conical spring 9, causing the conical spring 9 to deform and generate elastic force. At the same time, the cylindrical helical compression spring 10 is compressed to generate elastic force.

[0054] When the oil pressure is released and the piston 5 is disengaged, the elastic force of the disc spring 9 can quickly disengage the friction plate 3 and the spacer 4. At the same time, the piston 5 can quickly return under the action of the compression spring 10. This can effectively avoid the problem of dragging friction between the friction plate 3 and the spacer 4, and reduce the large amount of heat generated due to dragging friction during braking. Therefore, this device can achieve the effect of quickly disengaging the friction plate 3 and the spacer 4, reduce the heat generated by the friction plate 3 during braking, and enable this device to eliminate the need for an external forced cooler.

[0055] In actual application, the shape, structure, size, position, number, etc. of the disc spring 9 and the compression spring 10 can be determined according to the actual situation and actual requirements.

[0056] It should be noted that for the first elastic member and the second elastic member mentioned in this application document, the first and the second are only used to distinguish different positions and there is no order of precedence.

[0057] In addition, it should also be noted that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by "inner", "outer", etc. in this application is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of simplified description and understanding, rather than indicating or implying that the device or component referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

[0058] Each embodiment in this specification is described in a progressive manner. The key point of each embodiment is to illustrate the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts among the embodiments can be referred to each other. Any combination of all the embodiments provided by the present invention falls within the protection scope of this invention and will not be elaborated here.

[0059] The wet braking system provided by the present invention has been introduced in detail above. Specific examples are used in this article to elaborate on the principle and implementation manner of the present invention. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method and its core idea of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for those of ordinary skill in the art in this technical field, without departing from the principle of the present invention, several improvements and modifications can be made to the present invention, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A wet braking system, characterized in that, It includes a drive axle (1) and a wet brake device (12). The wet brake device (12) is sleeved on the outer peripheral part of the rotating half shaft (13) of the drive axle (1). The wet brake device (12) includes a brake housing (2) with a cavity inside, friction plates (3), spacer plates (4) for cooperating with the friction plates (3) to generate frictional force, and a piston (5) for pressing or releasing the friction plates (3) and the spacer plates (4). The friction plates (3), the spacer plates (4), and the piston (5) are coaxially arranged inside the cavity. A stationary axle housing (11) is sleeved on the outer peripheral part of the rotating half shaft (13). A hub (6) is sleeved on the outer peripheral part of the axle housing (11). The hub (6) driven by the rotating half shaft (13) can rotate inside the cavity. The brake housing (2) is connected to the hub (6). One of the friction plates (3) and the spacer plates (4) is connected to the axle housing (11), and the other is connected to the brake housing (2). The drive axle (1) is connected to a gearbox. The gearbox drives the main reducer of the drive axle (1) to rotate. The main reducer drives the rotating half shaft (13) to rotate through a differential. The rotating half shaft (13) drives the sun gear (19) of the wheel side reducer to rotate. The sun gear (19) drives the planet gears (20) to rotate. The planet gears (20) drive the planet carrier (14) to rotate. The planet carrier (14) drives the hub (6) to rotate. The axle housing (11) supports the hub (6) through two tapered roller bearings to ensure circumferential rotation of the hub (6). The planet carrier (14) and the hub (6) are fixedly connected through hub bolts (16).

2. The wet braking system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The brake housing (2) and the hub (6) are detachably connected.

3. The wet braking system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The spacer plates (4) are fixedly connected to the brake housing (2), and the friction plates (3) are fixedly connected to the axle housing (11).

4. The wet braking system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The connections between the friction plates (3) and the axle housing (11), and between the spacer plates (4) and the brake housing (2) are both detachable.

5. The wet braking system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The friction plates (3) are arranged on the axle housing (11) through splines (7), and the spacer plates (4) are arranged on the brake housing (2) through pins (8).

6. The wet braking system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The friction plates (3) and the spacer plates (4) are arranged alternately in sequence. Bolts are serially arranged between the spacer plates (4). A first elastic member is clamped between adjacent friction plates (3) and spacer plates (4).

7. The wet braking system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The first elastic member is a disc spring (9).

8. The wet braking system according to claim 6, characterized in that, A second elastic member is provided on the side of the piston (5) for contacting the spacer plate (4).

9. The wet braking system according to claim 8, characterized in that, The second elastic member is a cylindrical helical compression spring (10).

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