Magnetic coupler and method of use

Abstract

The present invention discloses a magnetic coupler comprising an outer rotor, an electromagnetic coil group, an inner rotor, a position marker, a permanent magnet, a sensor and a logic control circuit. The electromagnetic coil group is evenly spaced on the outer rotor, the position marker is arranged on the outer rotor corresponding to the electromagnetic coil group, the inner rotor is concentrically arranged inside the outer rotor, the permanent magnets are evenly spaced on the inner rotor, the sensor is arranged on adjacent permanent magnets on the inner rotor, and the logic control circuit is connected to the inner rotor. The present invention belongs to the technical field of electric motors, and specifically refers to a magnetic coupler that performs traction and locking functions by supplying power and changing the polarity of the power supply through a control circuit.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of electric motors, and in particular relates to a magnetic coupler and a method for using the same. Background Art

[0002] The working principle of the magnetic coupler follows Coulomb's law of magnetism, that is, two magnets separated by a certain distance can transfer power from one magnet to another through the coupling force of the magnets due to the magnetic field induction effect. They do not require any traditional mechanical components, forming a non-contact torque transmission mechanism. Existing couplers have low efficiency and cannot achieve stepless fine adjustment, and the power transmission is inconsistent and smooth. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a magnetic coupler that supplies power through a control circuit and changes the polarity of the power supply to achieve traction and locking. By changing the logic control circuit and voltage, it can efficiently realize the speed and torque changing functions during the power transmission process.

[0004] In order to achieve the above functions, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: a magnetic coupler, including an outer rotor, an electromagnetic coil group, an inner rotor, a position marker, a permanent magnet, a sensor and a logic control circuit, the electromagnetic coil group is evenly spaced on the outer rotor, and the electromagnetic coil group is used to generate magnetism. The outer rotor will drive the inner rotor to rotate, and the magnitude of the torque can be adjusted by controlling the voltage of the electromagnetic coil group to achieve power transmission. The position marker is provided on the outer rotor corresponding to the electromagnetic coil group. The position marker is used to generate a signal for changing the direction of current. The inner rotor is concentrically provided in the outer rotor, and the permanent magnets are evenly spaced on the inner rotor. The sensor is provided on the adjacent permanent magnets of the inner rotor. The logic control circuit is connected to the inner rotor. When the electromagnetic coil group is powered by DC, the sensor detects the position marker, triggers the logic control circuit, and converts the power supply polarity.

[0005] Furthermore, the position markers are provided in a plurality of groups, and the plurality of groups of position markers are evenly spaced on the outer rotor corresponding to the electromagnetic coil group, and the number of the position markers is 1 / 2 of the number of permanent magnets.

[0006] Furthermore, the number of the permanent magnets is the same as the number of the electromagnetic coil groups.

[0007] Furthermore, the sensors are provided in two groups, namely sensor 1 and sensor 2, and the sensor 1 and sensor 2 are provided on adjacent permanent magnets of the inner rotor.

[0008] Furthermore, a coil is provided on the electromagnetic coil wire group.

[0009] Furthermore, the logic control circuit includes a relay, a power supply and an RS trigger, the relay is electrically connected to the power supply and the RS trigger, the RS trigger is electrically connected to sensor one and sensor two, and the coil is electrically connected to the relay. When the position marker (one or two) reaches sensor one, the RS trigger is set to 0, the Q end is 0V (low level), the relay does not work, and the power supply supplies power to the coil through the normally closed point; when the position marker (one or two) reaches sensor two, the RS trigger is set to 1, the Q end is high level, the relay works, the power supply supplies power to the coil through the normally open point, the power supply polarity is converted, and the magnetic pole of the electromagnetic coil group is reversed.

[0010] Furthermore, the relay is a relay with two groups of normally open and two groups of normally closed switches. The positive and negative poles of the power supply are respectively connected to the normally open points and normally closed points of the two groups of relays, and the common nodes of the two groups of relays are respectively connected to the two ends of the coil on the electromagnetic coil wire group.

[0011] The present invention also includes a method for using a magnetic coupler, comprising the following steps:

[0012] 1) When the coil is powered by DC, sensor 1 detects position marker 1, RS triggers the relay, and switches the power supply; in the initial polarity state, the corresponding magnetic poles attract each other and are in a locked state. Assuming that we use the outer rotor as the driving wheel and the inner rotor as the driven wheel, the outer rotor drives the inner rotor to rotate. The torque is adjusted by controlling the voltage of the electromagnetic coil group to achieve power transmission;

[0013] 2) When the outer rotor rotates to a certain angle, which is any value between greater than 0 degrees and less than 90 degrees, the sensor is not triggered, the magnetic polarity is maintained, the coil magnetic poles of the outer rotor are acted upon by the two magnetic poles of the inner rotor, and the magnetic force relationship between the permanent magnet and the electromagnetic coil group still meets the power transmission conditions;

[0014] 3) When the outer rotor moves 90 degrees to the position just before the moment, sensor 2 is triggered and controls the relay to complete the power polarity conversion, and the current direction of the electromagnetic coil group changes immediately;

[0015] 4) When the outer rotor reaches the 90-degree position, sensor 2 detects the signal from position marker 2, the RS trigger triggers the relay, and the polarity of the electromagnetic coil group is converted. This reciprocating process completes the power transmission.

[0016] The present invention adopts the above structure to achieve the following beneficial effects: the magnetic coupler provided by the present invention is simple to operate, compact in structure and reasonable in design, the outer rotor is an electromagnetic coil winding composed of coils, the inner rotor is a permanent magnetic material, and a position marker is set at every other magnetic pole position of the outer rotor. Two sensors are installed at two adjacent magnetic pole positions of the inner rotor respectively. When any sensor detects the marker, it will trigger the relay to switch the power polarity to achieve magnetic pole reversal of the coil winding. When the current and magnetic force reach saturation, the speed of the outer rotor and the inner rotor are the same, realizing synchronous transmission of torque; reducing the current of the coil, the speed of the outer rotor is greater than the speed of the inner rotor, the force trend still exists, and the torque is coupled and transmitted by the magnetic force to realize the speed change function; during use, the current size can be adjusted steplessly and finely at any time according to needs, so the power transmission can be very consistent and smooth; this device efficiently realizes the speed change and torque change functions in the power transmission process through simple logic control circuits and voltage changes. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 The motion state of a magnetic coupler of the present invention is Figure 1 ;

[0018] Figure 2 The motion state of a magnetic coupler of the present invention is Figure 2 ;

[0019] Figure 3 The motion state of a magnetic coupler of the present invention is Figure 3 ;

[0020] Figure 4 This is an overall connection diagram of a magnetic coupler of the present invention.

[0021] Among them, 1. outer rotor, 2. electromagnetic coil group, 3. inner rotor, 4. position marker, 5. permanent magnet, 6. sensor, 7. logic control circuit, 8. position marker 1, 9. position marker 2, 10. sensor 1 11. sensor 2, 12. coil, 13. relay, 14. power supply, 15. RS trigger. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field based on the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "up," "down," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inside," "outside," etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are intended only to facilitate the description of the present invention and simplify the description. They do not indicate or imply that the devices or components referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operate in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0024] like Figure 1-4 The present invention provides a magnetic coupler, comprising an outer rotor 1, an electromagnetic coil group 2, an inner rotor 3, a position marker 4, a permanent magnet 5, a sensor 6, and a logic control circuit 7. The electromagnetic coil group 2 is evenly spaced on the outer rotor 1, the position marker 4 is provided on the outer rotor 1 corresponding to the electromagnetic coil group 2, the inner rotor 3 is concentrically provided inside the outer rotor 1, the permanent magnets 5 are evenly spaced on the inner rotor 3, the sensor 6 is provided on the permanent magnets 5 adjacent to the inner rotor 3, and the logic control circuit 7 is connected to the inner rotor 3.

[0025] The position markers 4 are provided in a plurality of groups, and the plurality of group position markers 4 are evenly spaced and arranged on the outer rotor 1 corresponding to the electromagnetic coil group 2 . The number of the position markers 4 is 1 / 2 of the number of the permanent magnets 5 .

[0026] The number of the permanent magnets 5 is the same as the number of the electromagnetic coil groups 2 .

[0027] The sensors 6 are provided in two groups, namely sensor 1 10 and sensor 2 11 . The sensor 1 10 and sensor 2 11 are provided on the adjacent permanent magnets 5 of the inner rotor 3 .

[0028] The electromagnetic coil assembly 2 is provided with a coil 12 .

[0029] The logic control circuit 7 includes a relay 13, a power supply 14 and an RS trigger 15. The relay 13 is electrically connected to the power supply 14 and the RS trigger 15. The RS trigger 15 is electrically connected to the sensor 10 and the sensor 2 11. The coil 12 is electrically connected to the relay 13.

[0030] The relay 13 is a relay 13 having two groups of normally open switches and two groups of normally closed switches.

[0031] The present invention also includes a method for using a magnetic coupler, comprising the following steps:

[0032] 1) When coil 12 is powered by DC, sensor 10 detects position marker 8, RS triggers relay 13, and switches power supply 14. In the initial polarity state, the corresponding magnetic poles attract each other and are in a locked state. Assuming that we use outer rotor 1 as the driving wheel and inner rotor 3 as the driven wheel, outer rotor 1 drives inner rotor 3 to rotate. The torque is adjusted by controlling the voltage of electromagnetic coil group 2 to achieve power transmission.

[0033] 2) When the outer rotor 1 rotates to a certain angle, which is any value between greater than 0 degrees and less than 90 degrees, the sensor 6 is not triggered, the magnetic polarity is maintained, the magnetic poles of the coil 12 of the outer rotor 1 are acted upon by the two magnetic poles of the inner rotor 3, and the magnetic force relationship between the permanent magnet 5 and the electromagnetic coil assembly 2 still meets the power transmission conditions;

[0034] 3) When the outer rotor 1 moves 90 degrees to the position immediately before, the second sensor 11 is triggered and controls the relay 13 to complete the polarity conversion of the power supply 14, and the direction of the current in the electromagnetic coil 2 is immediately changed;

[0035] 4) When the outer rotor 1 reaches the 90-degree position, the sensor 2 11 detects the signal of the position marker 2 9, the RS trigger 15 triggers the relay 13, and the polarity of the electromagnetic coil group 2 is converted. In this way, the power transmission is completed.

[0036] Figure 1 In the circuit, when the coil is powered by DC, the sensor detects the position marker, RS triggers the relay, and the power polarity is changed. Figure 1 It is a state where the conversion is completed, the corresponding magnetic poles attract each other and are in a locked state. At this time, assuming that we use the outer rotor as the driving wheel and the inner rotor as the driven wheel, the outer rotor will drive the inner rotor to rotate. The magnitude of the torque can be adjusted by controlling the voltage of the electromagnetic coil group to achieve power transmission.

[0037] Figure 2 When the outer rotor rotates to Figure 2 When the position is set, the sensor is not triggered, the magnetic pole polarity is maintained, the coil poles of the outer rotor are "pulled" and "pushed" by the two magnetic poles of the inner rotor, and the magnetic force relationship between the permanent magnet and the electromagnetic coil group still meets the power transmission conditions.

[0038] Figure 3 When the outer rotor moves to Figure 3 At the moment of the previous position, sensor 2 is triggered and controls the relay to complete the power polarity conversion. The current direction of the electromagnetic coil group changes immediately, forming Figure 4 The magnetic relationship, ( Figure 3 is the state before the relay is actuated).

[0039] Figure 4 When the outer rotor reaches Figure 4 When the position is reached, sensor 2 detects the signal of position marker 2, the RS trigger triggers the relay, and the polarity of the electromagnetic coil group is converted, and the power transmission is completed in this reciprocating manner.

[0040] When both the current and the magnetic force reach saturation, the outer rotor and the inner rotor have the same speed, realizing synchronous transmission of torque; when the current of the winding coil is reduced, the outer rotor speed is greater than the inner rotor speed, the force trend still exists, and the torque is coupled and transmitted by the magnetic force to realize the speed change function. During use, the current size can be adjusted steplessly and finely at any time according to needs, so the power transmission can be very consistent and smooth.

[0041] For ease of understanding, the diagram uses four magnetic poles as an example to illustrate the operating principle. In actual use, the number of magnetic poles can be increased if manufacturing technology allows. A larger number of magnetic poles results in smoother power transmission and greater torque. (The structure can be arranged radially or axially, the electromagnetic coils can be placed on either the inner or outer rotor, and the control device can use either photoelectric or Hall effects, depending on the needs.) It is even possible to use two sets of devices in series, with the axial angle difference being half the angle between adjacent magnetic poles, to double the number of magnetic poles acting as force. By modifying certain control logic, the two systems can also form an electric motor for power generation, which can contribute to the power output of the hybrid system.

[0042] This device can efficiently realize the speed and torque conversion functions in the power transmission process through simple logic control circuits and voltage changes.

[0043] Currently, high-performance brushless motors can achieve conversion efficiencies of around 95%, a factor of 3. This is primarily due to improvements in magnetic circuit design and manufacturing processes. While the manufacturing process for this solution is essentially the same as for brushless motors, the principles are completely different. When a motor's coil windings are operating, they draw high currents to generate work, and the amount of work required dictates the power required.

[0044] The current in the coil winding of this device is only a bias current for maintaining the magnetism of the coil and does not participate in the work, so it will not be too large. In addition, since each coil winding is powered at the same time, the number of forces acting on the magnetic pole is maximized, so the efficiency is higher and the volume and weight are smaller.

[0045] The present invention and its embodiments are described above. This description is not restrictive. The drawings show only one embodiment of the present invention, and the actual structure is not limited thereto. In short, if a person skilled in the art is inspired by this and, without departing from the purpose of the present invention, designs structures and embodiments similar to this technical solution without inventiveness, they shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A magnetic coupler, characterized in that: It includes an outer rotor, an electromagnetic coil group, an inner rotor, a position marker, a permanent magnet, a sensor and a logic control circuit. The electromagnetic coil group is evenly spaced on the outer rotor, the position marker is provided on the outer rotor corresponding to the electromagnetic coil group, and there are several groups of position markers, which are evenly spaced on the outer rotor corresponding to the electromagnetic coil group. The number of position markers is 1 / 2 of the number of permanent magnets. The inner rotor is concentrically arranged in the outer rotor, the permanent magnets are evenly spaced on the inner rotor, the sensors are provided on adjacent permanent magnets of the inner rotor, there are two groups of sensors, namely sensor 1 and sensor 2, which are provided on adjacent permanent magnets of the inner rotor, the logic control circuit is connected to the inner rotor, the logic control circuit includes a relay, a power supply and an RS trigger, the relay is electrically connected to the power supply and the RS trigger, the RS trigger is electrically connected to sensor 1 and sensor 2, and the coil is electrically connected to the relay.

2. A magnetic coupler according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of the permanent magnets is the same as the number of the electromagnetic coil wire groups.

3. The magnetic coupler according to claim 2, characterized in that: The electromagnetic coil wire group is provided with a coil.

4. The magnetic coupler according to claim 3, characterized in that: The relay is a relay with two groups of normally open switches and two groups of normally closed switches.

5. The magnetic coupler according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method of using the magnetic coupler includes the following steps: 1) When the coil is powered by DC, sensor 1 detects position marker 1, RS triggers the relay, and switches the power supply; in the initial polarity state, the corresponding magnetic poles attract each other and are in a locked state. Assuming that the outer rotor is the driving wheel and the inner rotor is the driven wheel, the outer rotor drives the inner rotor to rotate. The torque is adjusted by controlling the voltage of the electromagnetic coil group to achieve power transmission; 2) When the outer rotor rotates to a certain angle, which is any value between greater than 0 degrees and less than 90 degrees, the sensor is not triggered, the magnetic polarity is maintained, the coil magnetic poles of the outer rotor are acted upon by the two magnetic poles of the inner rotor, and the magnetic force relationship between the permanent magnet and the electromagnetic coil group still meets the power transmission conditions; 3) When the outer rotor moves 90 degrees to the position just before the moment, sensor 2 is triggered and controls the relay to complete the power polarity conversion, and the current direction of the electromagnetic coil group changes immediately; 4) When the outer rotor reaches the 90-degree position, sensor 2 detects the signal from position marker 2, the RS trigger triggers the relay, and the polarity of the electromagnetic coil group is converted. This reciprocating process completes the power transmission.

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