Wide voltage isolation circuit and battery isolator, charger, inverter, carrier

Abstract

The present invention discloses a wide-voltage isolation circuit and a battery isolator, a charger, an inverter, and a carrier. The isolation circuit includes an MCU circuit, a generator output circuit, a switch circuit, a high-frequency power transformer circuit, a rectifier and filter circuit, a secondary battery circuit, a generator voltage monitoring circuit, a secondary battery voltage monitoring circuit, and a power supply circuit. The input of the switch circuit is connected to the generator output, and the output of the switch circuit is connected to the input of the high-frequency power transformer circuit. The output of the high-frequency power transformer circuit is connected to the input of the rectifier and filter circuit. One end of the output of the rectifier and filter circuit serves as a neutral line, and the other end serves as a positive line to connect to the main circuit for charging the secondary battery. With the help of the PWM mode control, the secondary battery is a charging system completely independent of the main battery and can be charged in full accordance with the charging curve technical requirements of the battery manufacturer.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of electronic technology, and specifically relates to electrical components for automobiles and ships. Background Art

[0002] For the convenience of description, the present invention defines the following terms:

[0003] "Switching tube" refers to an electronic component in the present invention, which is a general term for triode, Darlington tube and field effect tube;

[0004] "Voice chip" is a general term for the following three types of chips: dedicated voice chips, memory with voice data, or MCU with voice function. Some voice chips use the "binding" (COB) method, such as most reversing chips;

[0005] "mcu" refers to microprocessor;

[0006] "Speakers" include buzzer speakers or dynamic speakers commonly used in the market;

[0007] "Power amplifier circuit" refers to a power amplifier circuit used for voice signals;

[0008] A "battery isolator," also known as a "dual battery isolator," refers to an appliance that uses its own generator to charge an external secondary battery;

[0009] "Charger" means an electrical appliance that uses mains electricity to charge the secondary battery;

[0010] "Inverter" refers to an appliance that converts the power of a secondary battery into AC 220V mains electricity, facilitating the use of household appliances such as microwave ovens, water heaters, stereos, air conditioners, etc.

[0011] "Carrier" refers to a vehicle or vessel that is equipped with the battery isolator, charger, or inverter. Such as RVs, caravans, private cars, trucks, yachts, cruise ships, fishing boats, sailboats, etc., which are used for long-term travel and have their own generators to charge their main batteries, and users also need to add additional secondary batteries to provide convenience. During operation, the surplus power generated by the generator is used to charge the secondary battery;

[0012] "Main battery" refers to the battery required for the operation of the above-mentioned carrier itself, such as the starter motor, lights, audio, instruments and other electrical components. It is generally of small capacity;

[0013] A "secondary battery" is an independent storage battery that is installed separately for home appliances. It generally has a larger capacity. All operations of the present invention revolve around charging this secondary battery.

[0014] People often spend extended periods outdoors traveling or working away from home, such as in RVs, motorhomes, private cars, trucks, yachts, cruise ships, fishing boats, and sailboats. To improve their quality of life, they often rely on numerous appliances. However, the power available to power the vehicle's or boat's primary power supply is limited due to the limited capacity of the main battery, necessitating the use of an external, high-capacity secondary battery. The traditional approach involves installing a high-capacity secondary battery, employing a dual-battery isolator, and charging the secondary battery using the vehicle's or boat's existing generator. Charging with mains power is also possible, but finding a charging station can be difficult and requires parking the vehicle or boat.

[0015] Traditional dual-battery isolators use power diodes or relays to directly route the generator output to the secondary battery, effectively connecting the primary and secondary batteries in parallel. The secondary battery's charging is protected by no current limiting. The generator then simultaneously loads two batteries. Furthermore, the secondary battery's capacity is often many times greater than the primary battery's. The control process involves delaying charging for a specified period of time when the primary battery's voltage falls below a certain threshold, thus avoiding the peak current experienced during generator ignition.

[0016] The shortcomings of the traditional model are:

[0017] The generator burns out when the car or boat stops on the way: Taking a car as an example, the generator is generally around 1000 watts, and the 12V power generation current is only 100A. When a large-capacity secondary battery, such as 400AH, is charged at the moment of feeding power, the charging current can reach more than 200A. When the charging current of the main battery is added at the same time, the load power of the generator exceeds twice, and the generator may burn out soon. However, the user may not know this at this time, and will find that the car or boat has stopped when the main battery is undervoltage. At this time, the car may be halfway and the boat may be in the sea. In addition, the voltage regulator of the generator may also burn out. The root cause here is that the traditional battery isolator has unlimited current;

[0018] Damage to the secondary battery: The typical battery charging current is less than 0.1C, or 10% of its capacity. A 400AH battery can only be charged at a maximum current of 40A. This is clearly not possible with traditional isolators, which lack current limiting capabilities.

[0019] The secondary battery cannot be fully charged: This is because it cannot achieve the three-stage or five-stage charging of the secondary battery. The three-stage charging is: constant current - constant voltage - float charge; the five-stage charging is: pre-charge - constant current - constant voltage - trickle charge - float charge. Obviously, traditional isolators cannot achieve this.

[0020] The secondary battery lacks temperature compensation and temperature protection: Battery manufacturers require temperature compensation with a specific temperature coefficient. Different charging voltages are applied in winter and summer. Furthermore, charging is stopped when the temperature exceeds a specific value, i.e., temperature protection. This is clearly not possible with traditional isolators.

[0021] The secondary battery cannot be charged if it is of different types: for example, the main battery is lead-acid and the secondary battery is lithium-ion;

[0022] The secondary battery voltage is different and cannot be charged: for example, the main battery is 24V and the secondary battery is 12V. It is also not allowed to charge the secondary battery with a higher voltage than the main battery;

[0023] High power consumption: Traditional isolators rely on relays, which require large currents, often greater than 30-50mA. Diode forward conduction also consumes a lot of power: for example, if the diode is charged at 50A and the voltage drop is 0.5V, the power consumption is 50*0.5=25W.

[0024] Short service life: because the relay has contacts;

[0025] Large size and high cost: Power diodes and relays are large and expensive. Summary of the Invention

[0026] The purpose of the present invention is to replace the structure of the traditional dual-battery isolator's power diode or relay for charging the secondary battery with a precise PWM mode control to ensure that the generator is not overloaded and the main battery is not undervoltage, and to be able to charge all types of secondary batteries, thereby solving the problems of the traditional dual-battery isolator mentioned above.

[0027] A wide voltage isolation circuit:

[0028] The isolation circuit includes an MCU circuit, a generator output circuit, a switch circuit, a high-frequency power transformer circuit, a rectification and filtering circuit, a secondary battery circuit, a generator voltage monitoring circuit, a secondary battery voltage monitoring circuit, and a power supply circuit.

[0029] The input of the switch circuit is connected to the output of the generator, and the output of the switch circuit is connected to the input of the high-frequency power transformer circuit.

[0030] The switching circuit is a high-frequency PWM pulse width debugging circuit composed of a high-frequency MOS tube or an IGBT, and includes a switching tube and a driving circuit.

[0031] The output of the high-frequency power transformer circuit is connected to the input of the rectification and filtering circuit.

[0032] The material used in the high-frequency power transformer is ferrite.

[0033] One output end of the rectification and filtering circuit serves as a neutral line, and the other output end serves as a positive line connected to the main charging circuit of the auxiliary battery circuit.

[0034] The rectification and filtering circuit includes a rectification diode, a filtering capacitor, or a filtering inductor.

[0035] Therefore, the generator output circuit - switching circuit - high-frequency power transformer circuit - rectification and filtering circuit - auxiliary battery circuit constitutes the entire auxiliary battery charging power main circuit.

[0036] The MCU circuit includes an MCU chip, which is the control core of the wide voltage isolation circuit.

[0037] The secondary battery is connected to the secondary battery voltage monitoring circuit, which is connected to the MCU circuit and is used to detect the terminal voltage of the secondary battery. The terminal voltage of the secondary battery is the main parameter of the secondary battery charging algorithm.

[0038] The secondary battery voltage monitoring circuit includes several resistors, capacitors, or operational amplifier chips to adjust the terminal voltage signal of the secondary battery to the voltage range of the MCU circuit. The simplest ones are some voltage divider circuits and filter circuits.

[0039] The generator voltage monitoring circuit is connected to the generator output positive line, which is also the positive line of the main battery. The generator voltage monitoring circuit is connected to the MCU circuit and is used to detect the generator output voltage.

[0040] The MCU is connected to the switch circuit and controls the switch circuit in a PWM mode.

[0041] The switching circuit includes a switching transistor, which is used to perform PWM and is the core component of the present invention. Currently, the most commonly used is a MOSFET. For low power, a single transistor is used, while for high power, multiple MOSFETs are connected in parallel.

[0042] The MCU circuit determines the delayed charging time and charging current based on the detected generator output voltage, ensuring that the main battery is not undervoltage and the generator output is not overloaded, while simultaneously charging the secondary battery at the maximum possible power. This is the primary purpose of the present invention and is beyond the capabilities of conventional relay isolators.

[0043] The time of the delayed charging is achieved by software programming of the MCU chip.

[0044] The MCU circuit controls the magnitude of the secondary battery charging current in PWM mode, which is the biggest technical solution that distinguishes the present invention from traditional battery isolators and is a prominent manifestation of its novelty.

[0045] With the PWM mode control, charging of the secondary battery is completely independent of the charging system of the main battery, because the secondary battery can be charged completely according to the charging curve technical requirements of the secondary battery manufacturer.

[0046] Furthermore, the PWM charging mode can easily achieve pulse charging, which is particularly beneficial for polarization activation of secondary battery performance, extending its life, and stabilizing its charge and discharge capacity. It also has a certain battery repair function.

[0047] The wide voltage isolation circuit has the application feature of being able to charge any type of secondary battery.

[0048] The wide voltage isolation circuit is an independent charger for the secondary battery. Therefore, the voltages of the main battery and the secondary battery can be different. For example, if the main battery voltage is 14V, the secondary battery voltage can be 11V. In different charging stages of the secondary battery, its terminal voltage is different from the main battery voltage. For example, the main battery is 24V and the secondary battery voltage can be 12V. For example, the main battery is 12V and the secondary battery voltage can be 48V. In addition, the types of main and secondary batteries can also be different. For example, the main battery is a lead-acid battery and the secondary battery is a lithium battery. For charging the secondary battery, it can be charged in three stages or five stages. The three stages are: constant current-constant voltage-floating charge; the five stages are: pre-charge-constant current-constant voltage-trickle current-floating charge. This is the most scientific charging mode.

[0049] The power supply circuit supplies power to the entire system circuit.

[0050] The wide-voltage isolation circuit includes a current sampling circuit. The sampling circuit includes a sampling resistor, a current transformer, an operational amplifier chip, or a common resistor and capacitor. This circuit amplifies the weak terminal voltage signal of the sampling resistor to a range that the MCU circuit can sample.

[0051] The current sampling circuit is connected in series to the charging circuit of the secondary battery.

[0052] The current sampling circuit is connected to the MCU circuit and is used to accurately control the charging current and overcurrent protection of the secondary battery.

[0053] The wide voltage isolation circuit includes a secondary battery temperature detection circuit. The secondary battery temperature detection circuit includes a temperature sensor, and the sensor is closely attached to the secondary battery.

[0054] The secondary battery temperature detection circuit is connected to the MCU circuit and is used to accurately control the charging temperature compensation and over-temperature protection of the secondary battery. The temperature compensation is to correct the charging voltage according to the temperature of the secondary battery. The higher the temperature, the lower the voltage.

[0055] The low-end isolator does not use the secondary battery temperature detection circuit in order to save costs.

[0056] The wide-band voltage isolation circuit includes a heat sink temperature detection circuit. The heat sink temperature detection circuit includes a temperature sensor, and the sensor is closely attached to the heat sink.

[0057] The heat sink temperature detection circuit is connected to the MCU circuit and is used to protect the temperature of the switching circuit. When the heat sink temperature reaches the rated limit, the charging current will be reduced or charging will be stopped to protect the safety of the switching tube of the switching circuit, otherwise it will easily burn out.

[0058] Low-end isolators or low-power isolators do not use the heat sink temperature detection circuit in order to save costs or because it is not necessary.

[0059] The wide voltage isolation circuit includes a heat dissipation circuit, and the heat dissipation circuit may include an electric fan.

[0060] The heat dissipation circuit is connected to the MCU circuit and is used for dissipating heat from the switch circuit.

[0061] Low-end isolators or low-power isolators do not use the heat dissipation circuit or electric fan in order to save costs or because it is unnecessary.

[0062] The wide voltage isolation circuit includes a setting circuit and a feedback circuit.

[0063] The setting circuit includes a button, a knob switch, a dip switch or a potentiometer.

[0064] The setting circuit is connected to the MCU circuit and is used to set various parameters of the wide voltage isolation circuit or perform certain operations. For example, it can set the charging current, delay time, battery voltage, temperature compensation coefficient, etc., or perform operations such as turning the machine on and off, starting the motor, and borrowing the power switch.

[0065] Low-end isolators have these parameters fixed, so there is no need to set up the circuit.

[0066] The feedback circuit includes an LED, an LCD, a buzzer or a voice speaker.

[0067] The feedback circuit is connected to the MCU circuit and is used to display or report various parameters of the wide voltage isolation circuit.

[0068] If voice is used to replace the display of LED and LCD, the feedback circuit also includes a voice chip, a power amplifier circuit and a speaker.

[0069] The wide voltage isolation circuit has the following application characteristics: it is not limited to the voltage and type of the secondary battery; any type of secondary battery can be charged. This is the origin of the so-called "wide voltage".

[0070] A battery isolator:

[0071] The isolator includes the wide voltage isolation circuit mentioned above.

[0072] A charger:

[0073] The charger includes the above-mentioned wide voltage isolation circuit and a traditional AC charger circuit.

[0074] The traditional AC charger circuit includes an MCU circuit, a setting circuit, a feedback circuit, a secondary battery voltage monitoring circuit, a heat dissipation circuit, a heat sink temperature detection circuit, and a power supply circuit, which can be used for the wide voltage isolation circuit.

[0075] The conventional AC charger circuit is connected to the wide voltage isolation circuit, and its resources are used to manage the wide voltage isolation circuit. The auxiliary battery can be charged with AC power or with a generator, thereby saving costs and space, and achieving dual uses of one device.

[0076] The purpose of integrating the battery isolator into the traditional AC charger is to utilize some of its resources to serve as some circuits of the above-mentioned isolator, such as MCU circuit, setting circuit, feedback circuit, secondary battery voltage monitoring circuit, heat dissipation circuit, heat sink temperature detection circuit, power supply circuit, etc.

[0077] An inverter:

[0078] The inverter includes the above-mentioned wide voltage isolation circuit and a traditional inverter circuit.

[0079] The traditional inverter circuit includes an MCU circuit, a setting circuit, a feedback circuit, a secondary battery voltage monitoring circuit, a heat dissipation circuit, a heat sink temperature detection circuit, and a power supply circuit, which can be used for the wide voltage isolation circuit.

[0080] The traditional inverter circuit is connected to the wide voltage isolation circuit, and its resources are used to manage the wide voltage isolation circuit. The auxiliary battery can be used to invert into AC220v power and the generator can be used to charge the auxiliary battery, thereby achieving the purpose of saving cost and space, and using one machine for two purposes.

[0081] The purpose of integrating the battery isolator into the traditional inverter is to utilize some of its resources to serve as some circuits of the above-mentioned isolator, such as MCU circuit, setting circuit, feedback circuit, secondary battery voltage monitoring circuit, heat dissipation circuit, heat sink temperature detection circuit, power supply circuit, etc.

[0082] A carrier:

[0083] The carrier is installed with the battery isolator, the charger, or the inverter.

[0084] The above-mentioned carriers are a general term, including RVs, motorhomes, private cars, large trucks, yachts, cruise ships, fishing boats, sailboats, etc.

[0085] Effects of the present invention:

[0086] Protect the generator from burning out, without stopping the ship halfway: PWM charging is used to strictly control the charging current to ensure that the generator is not overloaded. In addition, a delay circuit is added to avoid the engine starting time;

[0087] Do not damage the secondary battery: Use PWM charging to strictly control the charging current and voltage;

[0088] The secondary battery can be fully charged: Because the wide voltage isolation circuit of the present invention is independent of the main battery charging system, it can be fully based on the secondary battery charging algorithm and flexibly use three-stage or five-stage charging;

[0089] The secondary battery has temperature compensation and temperature protection: it can be charged according to the temperature compensation coefficient specified by the manufacturer. Different charging voltages are used in winter and summer. Moreover, charging can be stopped when the temperature exceeds a specific value, i.e., temperature protection. This is because the present invention has a secondary battery temperature detection circuit;

[0090] Different types of secondary batteries can also be charged: for example, the main battery is lead-acid and the secondary battery is lithium;

[0091] The secondary battery can also be charged even if the voltage is different: for example, the main battery is 24V and the secondary battery is 12V, or the main battery is 12V and the secondary battery is 48V. In other words, the secondary battery of any voltage can be charged;

[0092] Low power consumption: PWM control, the operating current of the switching circuit is less than 3mA;

[0093] Long service life: because the switch tube is contactless;

[0094] Small size and low cost: Switching tubes, especially MOS, are smaller and cheaper than relays. They also do not require a power diode for direct charging. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0095] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of the wide voltage isolation circuit of the present invention;

[0096] Figure 2 This is a wiring diagram of the dual battery isolator of the present invention;

[0097] Figure 3 This is the connection diagram of the charger of the present invention;

[0098] Figure 4 This is the connection diagram of the inverter of the present invention;

[0099] Figure 5 This is a circuit diagram of the mains charger of the present invention;

[0100] Figure 6 This is a circuit diagram of the inverter of the present invention; DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0101] A wide voltage isolation circuit:

[0102] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of the wide voltage isolation circuit of the present invention.

[0103] The main charging circuit follows the direction of electric energy transfer: generator output circuit - switching circuit - high-frequency power transformer circuit - rectification and filtering circuit - auxiliary battery.

[0104] The generator output circuit includes a filter capacitor, but if EMC requirements are not high, it can be omitted for cost reasons.

[0105] The switching circuit consists of a switching transistor and a driver circuit. The most commonly used switching transistor is the MOSFET, which offers the best performance and a relatively low price. Darlington transistors and IGBTs can also be used. IGBTs are particularly popular in high-power applications. Different transistors require different driver circuits.

[0106] The driving circuit of the switching circuit varies according to different modes, such as forward, flyback, full-bridge, half-bridge, etc.

[0107] The switching circuit operates in PWM mode, and the greater the duty cycle, the greater the charging current for the secondary battery.

[0108] The switch circuit is controlled by the MCU circuit. The switch circuit is connected to the PWM module output inside the MCU circuit, and the delay function is realized by programming.

[0109] The MCU circuit is the core of the wide-voltage isolation circuit and includes the MCU chip. Its powerful functional integration, combined with software programming, can complete complex multiple functions.

[0110] When selecting an MCU, key technical parameters to consider include operating speed, temperature range, number of GPIOs, Flash size, RAM size, and external communication port mode. Many MCUs currently on the market meet these requirements, including brands from manufacturers like Microchip, Freescale, ST, Infineon, and Cypress, which are all technically compatible.

[0111] The high-frequency power transformer circuit includes a high-power, high-frequency transformer, typically using a ferrite core. The primary-to-secondary turns ratio of the winding, combined with the PWM duty cycle of the switching circuit, regulates the charging voltage and current of the secondary battery. If the secondary battery is electrically isolated from the main battery, this is achieved using a transformer with separate ground lines. The switching circuit and generator voltage monitoring circuit should also be isolated. Preferably, this embodiment does not require isolation.

[0112] The generator voltage monitoring circuit includes a voltage divider circuit and a filter circuit, and is composed of resistors and capacitors. The generator voltage monitoring circuit connects the generator output positive line and the MCU circuit to detect the output voltage of the generator.

[0113] The relay circuit contains a relay that prevents incorrect polarity when connecting the secondary battery, also known as reverse polarity protection. If the MCU detects an abnormal voltage at the secondary battery terminal, it will not activate the relay, protecting the high-frequency power transformer circuit and the rectifier and filter circuits. If this protection is not required, simply disable the relay circuit.

[0114] The current sampling circuit accurately measures the charging current and includes a sampling resistor, current transformer, or op amp. This circuit connects to the MCU circuitry and can be connected to the MCU's ADC input. Constantan wire is used for the sampling resistor. A 358 op amp is commonly used. Some MCUs have integrated op amps, eliminating the need for an op amp in the current sampling circuit.

[0115] The secondary battery voltage monitoring circuit detects the secondary battery terminal voltage. It primarily includes an op amp, resistors, and capacitors, performing amplification, filtering, and voltage division. This circuit adjusts the signal to the MCU's input range. The ADC input range of a typical 5V system microcontroller is 0-5V. The secondary battery voltage monitoring circuit connects the MCU circuitry to both ends of the secondary battery. The voltage difference between the positive and negative lines represents the secondary battery voltage.

[0116] The secondary battery temperature detection circuit includes a temperature sensor, located in close proximity to the secondary battery, for temperature compensation during secondary battery charging. The secondary battery temperature detection circuit is connected to the MCU circuit and can be connected to the MCU's ADC input port.

[0117] The heat sink temperature detection circuit includes a temperature sensor located close to the heat sink to protect the switching circuit. If the temperature exceeds a specified value, the charging current is reduced or charging is stopped. The heat sink temperature detection circuit is connected to the MCU circuit and can be connected to the MCU's ADC input. Low-power charging is not required because it does not generate much heat.

[0118] The heat dissipation circuit includes a cooling fan. It is connected to the MCU circuit and can be connected to the MCU output port. Low-power charging is not required because it does not generate much heat.

[0119] The setup circuit includes buttons, rotary switches, dip switches, or potentiometers. The setup circuit is connected to the MCU circuit and can be connected to the MCU input port or ADC port.

[0120] The feedback circuit includes an LED, LCD, buzzer, or voice speaker, used to display or report various parameters of the wide-voltage isolation circuit. If voice is used instead of the LED or LCD display, the feedback circuit also includes a voice chip, power amplifier circuit, and speaker. The feedback circuit is connected to the MCU circuit.

[0121] The selection of a voice chip is determined by the amount of voice data to be stored and the required sound quality, as well as the operating temperature range. Large amounts of voice data and high-quality sound require a high-capacity voice chip. Conversely, a smaller-capacity chip will suffice. The sound quality requirements determine the voice sampling rate, and thus the required storage capacity. 8K, 16K, and 32K sampling rates are common. Many voice chips currently available on the market can achieve this, most of which are manufactured in Taiwan. Typically, 040, 060, or 080 specifications are sufficient. 040 means storage space for 40 seconds of speech, with 060, 080, and so on.

[0122] The power amplifier circuit amplifies the weak voice signal output by the voice chip to a certain power level to drive the speaker. The louder the desired sound, the greater the power amplification factor. The power amplifier circuit structure is related to the voice chip output format and the speaker specifications. Generally speaking, the chip's voice output uses two types: DAC and PWM. The sound playback devices include buzzers and dynamic speakers. This leads to a variety of power amplifier circuit types. Some can use a combination of common discrete components, while low-power transistor circuits can be used directly. Others use dedicated power amplifier chips, and for low-power applications, the LM386 can be used.

[0123] The speakers chosen are generally dynamic speakers, which provide clear voice.

[0124] The power supply circuit supplies power to the system circuit, and the input is the positive line and the neutral line.

[0125] It is also important to emphasize that in the wide-voltage isolation circuit of the present invention, the generator circuit and the secondary battery charging circuit can be fully electrically isolated. In this case, electrical isolation devices must be added to the switch circuit and the generator voltage monitoring circuit. The most commonly used devices are optocouplers, mutual inductors, or transformers. For cost reasons, electrical isolation devices may be unnecessary.

[0126] A battery isolator:

[0127] The isolator includes the above-mentioned wide voltage isolation circuit.

[0128] Figure 2 This is the connection diagram of the dual-battery isolator of the present invention. The input end of the isolator is connected to the generator output, and the output end is connected to the auxiliary battery.

[0129] A charger:

[0130] Figure 5 This is a circuit diagram of the mains charger of the present invention.

[0131] The charger includes a wide-voltage isolation circuit and a traditional AC charger circuit. The traditional AC charger circuit includes an MCU circuit, a power supply circuit, and a charging circuit.

[0132] The charging circuit includes a setup circuit, feedback circuit, secondary battery voltage monitoring circuit, heat dissipation circuit, and heat sink temperature detection circuit. This, along with the MCU circuit and power supply circuit, can be integrated with the corresponding circuits in the motor charging circuit, saving space and cost.

[0133] Figure 3 This is the connection diagram of the charger of the present invention.

[0134] When charging with AC power, the energy of the charger comes in from the AC power line L and AC power line N to charge the secondary battery. This is the function of a traditional charger.

[0135] When charging with a generator, the energy of the charger comes from the positive and negative output lines of the generator to charge the auxiliary battery. This is the function of the wide voltage isolation circuit of the present invention.

[0136] An inverter:

[0137] Figure 6 This is a structural diagram of the inverter circuit of the present invention.

[0138] The inverter includes a wide-voltage isolation circuit and a traditional inverter circuit. The traditional inverter circuit includes an MCU circuit, a power supply circuit, and an inverter circuit.

[0139] The inverter circuit includes a setup circuit, feedback circuit, secondary battery voltage monitoring circuit, heat dissipation circuit, and heat sink temperature detection circuit. This, along with the MCU circuit and power supply circuit, can be integrated with the corresponding circuits in the motor charging circuit, saving space and cost.

[0140] Figure 4 This is the connection diagram of the inverter of the present invention.

[0141] When used as an inverter, the inverter's energy comes in through the positive and negative wires of the secondary battery, and after inversion, it is output through the AC220-L and AC220-N wires. This is the function of a traditional inverter.

[0142] When charging with a generator, the energy of the inverter is fed from the positive and negative output lines of the generator to charge the auxiliary battery. This is the function of the wide voltage isolation circuit of the present invention.

[0143] A carrier:

[0144] The carrier is equipped with the battery isolator, the charger, or the inverter.

[0145] The above-mentioned carriers include RVs, caravans, private cars, large trucks, yachts, cruise ships, fishing boats, sailboats, etc.

[0146] The above embodiments and descriptions are only for explaining the principle of the present invention and one example thereof. Various changes and improvements may be made based on this principle, and these changes and improvements are all within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A wide voltage isolation circuit, characterized in that: The isolation circuit includes an MCU circuit, a generator output circuit, a switch circuit, a high-frequency power transformer circuit, a rectifier and filter circuit, a secondary battery circuit, a generator voltage monitoring circuit, a secondary battery voltage monitoring circuit, and a power supply circuit; the input of the switch circuit is connected to the generator output circuit, and the output of the switch circuit is connected to the input of the high-frequency power transformer circuit; the output of the high-frequency power transformer circuit is connected to the input of the rectifier and filter circuit; one end of the output of the rectifier and filter circuit serves as a neutral line, and the other end serves as a positive line to be connected to the main charging circuit of the secondary battery circuit; the MCU circuit includes an MCU chip; the secondary battery circuit includes a secondary battery, which is connected to the secondary battery voltage monitoring circuit, which is connected to the MCU circuit for detecting the terminal voltage of the secondary battery; the generator voltage monitoring circuit is connected to the generator output positive line, which is also the positive line of the main battery, and the generator voltage monitoring circuit is connected to the MCU circuit for detecting the generator output voltage; the MCU circuit is connected to the switch circuit and controls the switch circuit in PWM mode; The MCU circuit determines the delayed charging time and charging current based on the detected generator output voltage value, ensuring that the main battery voltage is not undervoltage and the generator output is not overloaded, while simultaneously charging the secondary battery according to the generator's maximum output power. With the help of the PWM mode control, charging the secondary battery is completely independent of the main battery charging system because it can be charged in full accordance with the secondary battery manufacturer's charging curve technical requirements. The wide-voltage isolation circuit is characterized by its ability to charge secondary batteries of any voltage type. The power supply circuit supplies power to the entire system circuit.

2. The wide voltage isolation circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The isolation circuit includes a current sampling circuit; the current sampling circuit is connected in series in the charging circuit of the secondary battery; the current sampling circuit is connected to the MCU circuit for accurately controlling the charging current and overcurrent protection of the secondary battery.

3. The wide voltage isolation circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The isolation circuit includes a secondary battery temperature detection circuit; the secondary battery temperature detection circuit includes a temperature sensor, and the sensor is closely attached to the secondary battery; the secondary battery temperature detection circuit is connected to the MCU circuit for accurately controlling the charging temperature compensation and over-temperature protection of the secondary battery.

4. The wide voltage isolation circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The isolation circuit includes a radiator temperature detection circuit; the radiator temperature detection circuit includes a temperature sensor, and the sensor is close to the radiator; the radiator temperature detection circuit is connected to the MCU circuit for temperature protection of the switching circuit.

5. The wide voltage isolation circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The isolation circuit includes a heat dissipation circuit; the heat dissipation circuit includes an electric fan; the heat dissipation circuit is connected to the MCU circuit and is used to dissipate heat for the switching circuit.

6. The wide voltage isolation circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The isolation circuit includes a setting circuit and a feedback circuit; the setting circuit includes a button, a knob switch, a dip switch, or a potentiometer; the setting circuit is connected to the MCU circuit to set the parameters of the wide-voltage isolation circuit or complete certain operations; the feedback circuit includes an LED, an LCD, a buzzer, or a voice speaker; the feedback circuit is connected to the MCU circuit to display or report the parameters of the wide-voltage isolation circuit.

7. A battery isolator, characterized in that: The isolator comprises the wide voltage isolation circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

8. A charger, characterized in that: The charger comprises the wide-voltage isolation circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 6 and a traditional AC charger circuit; the traditional AC charger circuit is connected to the wide-voltage isolation circuit, and uses its resources to manage the wide-voltage isolation circuit, so that the auxiliary battery can be charged with AC power or with a generator, thereby achieving the purpose of saving cost and space, and using one machine for two purposes.

9. An inverter, characterized in that: The inverter includes the wide-voltage isolation circuit described in any one of claims 1 to 6 and a traditional inverter circuit; the traditional inverter circuit is connected to the wide-voltage isolation circuit, and its resources are used to manage the wide-voltage isolation circuit. It can use the auxiliary battery to invert into AC220v power and also use a generator to charge the auxiliary battery, thereby achieving the purpose of saving cost and space, and using one machine for two purposes.

10. A carrier, characterized in that: The carrier is mounted with the battery isolator according to claim 7, the charger according to claim 8, or the inverter according to claim 9.

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