A filter press type dilute acid hydrolysis reactor for hydrolysis and saccharification of cellulose raw materials

Abstract

The invention discloses a filter-pressing dilute acid hydrolysis reactor for hydrolysis and saccharification of cellulose raw materials, which is composed of a dilute acid tank, a raw material tank and a product tank. When a rotating wheel in the raw material tank rotates along the thread on the shaft, the raw material tank cover is pushed to move up and down along the shaft, thereby generating a filter-pressing effect on the hydrolyzate. A steam exhaust port and a steam heat exchange plate are provided at the lower part of the raw material tank, and the raw material tank can be aerated and heated by steam. The dilute acid tank, the raw material tank and the product tank are separated by a porous tank wall, and the size of the hole aperture on the porous tank wall of the raw material tank is adjusted, so that the solid-liquid separation of the hydrolyzate can be performed quickly. The present invention can effectively control the hydrolysis time of cellulose raw materials, reduce the generation of fermentation inhibitors, and can also change the type and concentration of dilute acid, the temperature of the raw material tank, the amount of steam entering, and the residence time, so as to adopt different hydrolysis conditions for the cellulose raw materials to perform secondary or multi-stage hydrolysis and saccharification or optimize the process conditions, and explore the optimal process conditions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a dilute acid hydrolysis reactor for hydrolyzing and saccharifying cellulose raw materials, in particular to a filter press type dilute acid hydrolysis reactor. Background Art

[0002] Cellulose raw materials themselves have high crystallinity. In addition to cellulose, they also contain multiple components such as hemicellulose and lignin. The structural hierarchy is complex and the types are diverse. Cellulose raw materials are difficult to hydrolyze and saccharify. Dilute acid hydrolysis is a green process technology for cellulose saccharification. Compared with concentrated acid hydrolysis and enzyme hydrolysis, it has many advantages such as short hydrolysis time, high efficiency, and environmental friendliness. However, when the residence time of dilute acid hydrolysis is too long, the cellulose raw materials are prone to further decomposition of the products, thereby producing fermentation inhibitors. In order to reduce the generation of fermentation inhibitors and further improve the dilute acid hydrolysis saccharification rate of cellulose raw materials, people are constantly exploring new methods, and hydrolysis reactors such as filtration, countercurrent, and cross-flow have appeared one after another. However, they all have disadvantages such as imperfect technology, complex operation, or high cost. Summary of the invention

[0003] In order to achieve rapid separation of hydrolysis products, control the residence time of dilute acid hydrolysis, optimize the process conditions of dilute acid hydrolysis, and improve the saccharification rate of cellulose raw materials, the present invention provides a filter press type dilute acid hydrolysis reactor, which has three tanks in one, and the tank bodies are separated by porous tank walls with adjustable pore sizes. The raw material tank is provided with a raw material tank cover that can move up and down along the axis, and is also provided with a steam heating device consisting of a steam exhaust port and a steam heat exchange plate.

[0004] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problems is: a filter-pressing dilute acid hydrolysis reactor for hydrolysis and saccharification of cellulose raw materials, which consists of three tank bodies: a dilute acid tank, a raw material tank and a product tank. In the dilute acid tank, a dilute acid inlet pipe enters from the upper part of the dilute acid tank, a liquid discharge port is located at the bottom of the dilute acid tank, a porous wall of the dilute acid tank is separated from the raw material tank, an externally threaded shaft is arranged in the middle of the raw material tank, a raw material tank cover is connected to the shaft through a rotating wheel, the rotating wheel rotates around the thread on the shaft through a shaft sleeve to drive the raw material tank cover to move up and down along the shaft, a steam pipe enters from the lower part of the raw material tank, connects a steam heat exchange plate and a steam exhaust port, the bottom of the raw material tank is an openable bottom plate, the porous wall of the raw material tank is separated from the product tank, and a liquid discharge port is arranged at the bottom of the product tank.

[0005] In the above-mentioned filter-press type dilute acid hydrolysis reactor for hydrolysis and saccharification of cellulose raw materials, the wall of the dilute acid tank is composed of two tank wall plates with holes, the position, shape, size and number of the holes on the tank wall plates are the same, one plate is fixed, and the other plate can be moved longitudinally within a certain range, so as to adjust the aperture size of the holes. When the aperture becomes larger, the dilute acid can flow from the dilute acid tank to the raw material tank until the aperture becomes smaller and closed.

[0006] In the above-mentioned filter-pressing dilute acid hydrolysis reactor for hydrolysis and saccharification of cellulose raw materials, the wall of the raw material tank is composed of three perforated tank wall plates, the position, shape, size and number of the perforations on the tank wall plates are the same, one plate is fixed, and the other two plates can be moved horizontally or vertically within a certain range, so as to adjust the aperture size of the perforations. When the aperture is smaller than the particle size of the cellulose raw material, the hydrolysis product can be separated into solid and liquid when passing through the wall of the raw material tank, the solid part remains in the raw material tank, and the liquid part passes through the wall of the raw material tank and flows to the product tank. When the aperture is zero, the perforations of the porous tank wall of the raw material tank are closed, and the raw material tank can carry out hydrolysis and saccharification of the cellulose raw material.

[0007] The above-mentioned filter press type dilute acid hydrolysis reactor for hydrolysis and saccharification of cellulose raw materials, the rotating wheel is composed of a wheel disc, a column, a crossbeam, a ball and a bushing, the wheel disc is connected by the column and the crossbeam, both ends of the crossbeam are embedded with balls, and the balls are embedded in the inside of the raw material tank cover, rolling along the circular track inside the raw material tank cover, and at the same time supporting the raw material tank cover.

[0008] The above-mentioned filter press type dilute acid hydrolysis reactor for hydrolysis and saccharification of cellulose raw materials has a steam exhaust port with an adjustment knob, which can adjust the size of the steam exhaust port and control the steam intake volume, and the steam heat exchange plate has a condensate discharge pipe.

[0009] The beneficial effect of the present invention is that by adjusting the pore size, the wall of the dilute acid tank and the wall of the raw material tank both have two states, open and closed, so that the time when the dilute acid enters the raw material tank or the time when the hydrolyzate enters the product tank can be controlled, especially the hydrolysis residence time of the raw material tank can be controlled to avoid further decomposition of the product to produce harmful substances such as fermentation inhibitors. By closing the holes in the porous wall of the raw material tank and adjusting the height of the raw material tank cover, the raw material tank cover can increase the internal pressure of the raw material tank, produce a filter press effect to promote the solid-liquid separation of the hydrolyzate in the raw material tank, the liquid product enters the product tank, and the solid part remains in the raw material tank. By controlling the internal pressure of the raw material tank, the type and concentration of the dilute acid, the steam intake and steam temperature, the hydrolysis residence time, and the processing conditions of the raw material tank can be changed, so that the cellulose raw material can be subjected to strict staged and staged secondary hydrolysis or multi-stage hydrolysis, the process conditions of hydrolysis saccharification are optimized, and the hydrolysis saccharification rate is effectively improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0010] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0011] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0012] Figure 2 A top view of the reactor.

[0013] Figure 3Schematic diagram of the hole diameter adjustment of the porous tank wall.

[0014] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the movement of the tank wall plate of the porous tank wall.

[0015] Figure 5 Open schematic for steam vent.

[0016] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of steam exhaust port closure.

[0017] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the relative positions of the steam heat exchange plate and the steam exhaust port.

[0018] In the figure, 1. raw material tank cover, 2. rotating wheel ball, 3. rotating wheel, 4. rotating wheel sleeve, 5. rotating wheel disc, 6. rotating wheel column, 7. rotating wheel crossbeam, 8. raw material tank wall plate B moving knob, 9. tank wall plate C moving knob, 10. shaft, 11. product tank, 12. raw material tank porous tank wall, 13. steam heat exchange plate, 14. product tank drain pipe switch, 15. product tank drain pipe, 16. steam pipe, 17. steam pipe switch, 18. bracket, 19. condensate discharge pipe, 20. condensate discharge pipe switch, 21. dilute acid tank drain pipe, 22. dilute acid tank drain pipe switch, 23. steam exhaust port adjustment knob, 24. steam exhaust port, 25. dilute acid tank porous tank wall, 26. dilute acid tank, 27. raw material tank, 28. Dilute acid tank wall plate B moving knob, 29. Dilute acid liquid inlet pipe switch, 30. Dilute acid liquid inlet pipe, 31. Tank wall plate moving rod, 32. Tank wall plate C, 33. Tank wall plate A, 34. Tank wall plate B, 35. Eyelet, 36. Steam exhaust port moving rod, 37. Raw material tank bottom plate, 38. Tank wall without holes. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] [Example 1]

[0020] A filter-pressing dilute acid hydrolysis reactor for hydrolysis and saccharification of cellulose raw materials comprises a dilute acid tank 26, a raw material tank 27 and a product tank 11, wherein the tank bodies are separated by porous tank walls, the dilute acid tank wall 25 is composed of two plates, namely, a tank wall plate A33 and a tank wall plate B34, the raw material tank wall 12 is composed of three plates, namely, a tank wall plate A33, a tank wall plate B34 and a tank wall plate C32, the three tank wall plates are provided with holes 35 with the same position, shape, size and number and capable of adjusting the aperture, the dilute acid tank 26 is provided with a dilute acid liquid inlet pipe 30 with a switch 29 and a liquid discharge pipe 21 with a switch 22, the lower part of the product tank 11 is also provided with a liquid discharge pipe 15 with a switch 14, the raw material tank 27 is provided with a shaft 10 in the middle, the raw material tank cover 1 is connected to the shaft 10 via a rotating wheel 3, and the rotating wheel 3 is provided with a rotating wheel bushing 4. The rotating wheel disc 5, the rotating wheel column 6, the rotating wheel crossbeam 7 and the rotating wheel ball 2 are composed of the rotating wheel disc 5, the rotating wheel column 6 and the rotating wheel crossbeam 7 are connected, the rotating wheel crossbeam 7 is embedded with the rotating wheel balls 2 at both ends, the raw material tank cover 1 is empty in the middle, the rotating wheel ball 2 is embedded in the raw material tank cover 1, and can roll along the circular track while supporting the raw material tank cover 1, the rotating wheel shaft sleeve 4 is sleeved on the shaft 10, the rotating wheel 3 rotates around the shaft 10 along the thread through the rotating wheel shaft sleeve 4, and drives the raw material tank cover 1 to move up and down, the steam pipe 16 with a switch 17 enters from the lower part of the raw material tank 27, and is connected with the steam heat exchange disk 13 and the steam exhaust port 24, the steam heat exchange disk 13 is provided with a condensate discharge pipe 19 with a switch 20, and the steam exhaust port 24 is provided with an adjusting knob 23.

[0021] like Figure 2 As shown, the dilute acid tank 26, the raw material tank 27 and the product tank 11 are arranged in a straight line. Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, in the raw material tank 27, among the three tank wall plates constituting the tank wall, the tank wall plate A33 is fixed, the tank wall plate B34 can move longitudinally, and the tank wall plate C32 can move laterally. The movement of the tank wall plates B34 and C32 within a certain range can change the aperture size of the hole 35 formed by the three tank wall plates.

[0022] like Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the steam heat exchange plate 13 is long and narrow, occupying the middle position between the two non-porous tank walls 38 of the raw material tank 27, and the steam exhaust port 24 is located at one end of the steam heat exchange plate 13, and can be adjusted by adjusting the knob 23 to change the switch state and exhaust port size of the steam exhaust port 24.

[0023] [Example 2]

[0024] Corn stalks are treated by dilute acid secondary hydrolysis. A certain amount of corn stalks are taken, cleaned and crushed, and then put into a raw material tank 27. First, primary hydrolysis is performed. A certain amount of 1% sulfuric acid is put into the dilute acid inlet pipe 30. The dilute acid tank wall plate B34 is moved to adjust the aperture size of the hole 35 of the dilute acid tank wall 25 to allow 1% sulfuric acid to enter the raw material tank 27. After the corn stalks are submerged, the hole 35 of the dilute acid tank wall 25 is closed, and the steam pipe switch 17 and the switch 23 of the steam exhaust port 24 are opened to allow 180°C steam to enter the raw material tank 27 for a residence time of 8 minutes. Then the steam pipe switch 17 and the switch 23 of the steam exhaust port 24 are closed. The raw material tank wall plate B34 and the raw material tank wall plate C32 are moved to adjust the aperture size of the hole 35 of the raw material tank wall 12 to allow the hydrolysis product to pass through the raw material tank wall 12 for solid-liquid separation. At the same time, the rotating wheel 3 is rotated to lower the raw material tank cover. 1. The solid-liquid separation is promoted by the filter pressing effect of the raw material tank cover 1. The liquid part enters the product tank 11 and is discharged from the drain pipe 15 of the product tank 11. Then, secondary hydrolysis is carried out. The hole 35 of the raw material tank wall 12 is closed, the raw material tank cover 1 is lifted, and the steam pipe switch 17 is opened to allow 220°C steam to enter the steam heat exchange plate 13 for a residence time of 10 minutes. Then, the steam pipe switch 17 is closed. The raw material tank wall plate B34 and the raw material tank wall plate C32 are moved again to adjust the aperture size of the hole 35 of the raw material tank wall 12 to allow the hydrolysis product to pass through the raw material tank wall 12 for solid-liquid separation. At the same time, the rotating wheel 3 is rotated to lower the raw material tank cover 1. The solid-liquid separation is promoted by the filter pressing effect of the raw material tank cover 1. The liquid part enters the product tank 11 and is discharged from the drain pipe 15 of the product tank 11. The solid part remains in the raw material tank 27. The solid part can be taken out by opening the raw material tank bottom plate 37.

[0025] Through the present invention, the steam temperature, steam input amount, dilute acid type and amount, and residence time can be changed to perform multiple hydrolysis and saccharification on crushed corn stalks or other cellulose raw materials, compare the hydrolysis and saccharification rates, and explore the optimal process conditions for dilute acid hydrolysis and saccharification of cellulose raw materials.

Claims

1. A filter press type dilute acid hydrolysis reactor for hydrolysis and saccharification of cellulose raw materials, comprising a dilute acid tank (26), a raw material tank (27), a product tank (11), and a support (18), characterized in that: The bracket (18) is connected to the bottom of the raw material tank (27). The bottom plate (37) of the raw material tank (27) can be opened and closed. The diluted acid tank (26) and the raw material tank (27) are separated by a porous diluted acid tank wall (25). The raw material tank (27) and the product tank (11) are also separated by a porous raw material tank wall (12). A shaft (10) with external threads is arranged in the middle of the raw material tank (27). The raw material tank cover (1) is connected to the shaft (10) through a rotating wheel (3). The steam pipe (16) enters from the lower part of the raw material tank (27) and communicates with the steam heat exchange plate (13) and the steam exhaust port (24) located at the lower part of the raw material tank (27). The dilute acid tank wall (25) is composed of two tank wall plates having a plurality of holes of the same position, shape, size and number, including tank wall plate A (33) and tank wall plate B (34). The tank wall plate A (33) is fixed, and the tank wall plate B (34) can move longitudinally, so that the aperture size of the holes (35) formed by the two tank wall plates can be changed. The raw material tank wall (12) is composed of three tank wall plates having a plurality of holes of the same position, shape, size and number, the tank wall plates comprising tank wall plate A (33), tank wall plate B (34) and tank wall plate C (32), wherein tank wall plate A (33) is fixed, tank wall plate B (34) can move longitudinally, and tank wall plate C (32) can move transversely, so that the aperture size of the holes (35) formed by the three tank wall plates can be changed; The center of the raw material tank cover (1) is hollow and has a track for the rotating wheel ball (2) to run. When the rotating wheel (3) rotates along the axis (10), the embedded rotating wheel ball (2) can roll in a circle along the track, thereby causing the raw material tank cover (1) to move up and down.

2. A filter press type dilute acid hydrolysis reactor for hydrolysis and saccharification of cellulose raw materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotating wheel (3) comprises a rotating wheel disc (5), a rotating wheel column (6), a rotating wheel cross beam (7), a rotating wheel ball (2) and a rotating wheel shaft sleeve (4); the rotating wheel disc (5) is connected through the rotating wheel column (6) and the rotating wheel cross beam (7); and the rotating wheel balls (2) are embedded at both ends of the rotating wheel cross beam (7).

3. The filter press type dilute acid hydrolysis reactor for hydrolysis and saccharification of cellulose raw materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: The steam pipe (16) is provided with a steam pipe switch (17), the steam exhaust port (24) is provided with a steam exhaust port regulating knob (23), and the steam heat exchange plate (13) is provided with a condensate discharge pipe (19).

4. The filter press type dilute acid hydrolysis reactor for hydrolysis and saccharification of cellulose raw materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dilute acid inlet pipe (30) enters the dilute acid tank (26) from the top. The bottom of the dilute acid tank (26) is provided with a drain pipe (21) with a switch (22). The bottom of the product tank (11) also has a drain pipe (15) with a switch (14).

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