A fertilizer spreading device with automatic adjustment and balance

Abstract

The present invention discloses an automatic balanced fertilizer spreading device, which includes a tractor, a three-point suspension, a fertilizer bin, a fertilizer swinging plate, a controller, an inclination sensor, an electromagnetic reversing valve, a displacement sensor, a screw and a hydraulic cylinder. The three-point suspension is driven to rise and fall by the lifting drive mechanism of the tractor. The fertilizer bin and the fertilizer swinging plate are respectively installed on the three-point suspension from top to bottom, and the fertilizer swinging plate is located at the discharge port of the fertilizer bin. The inclination sensor is arranged on the fertilizer bin, and the hydraulic cylinder is arranged on the tractor. The output end of the hydraulic cylinder is connected to the driving arm on one side of the three-point suspension. The displacement sensor is connected to the electromagnetic reversing valve through the controller. The displacement sensor is arranged on the fertilizer bin and connected to the driving end of the hydraulic cylinder through the screw. Beneficial effect: By adding an inclination sensor to collect the inclination parameters and sense the inclination degree of the three-point suspension, the controller directly controls the hydraulic cylinder through the reversing valve to keep the three-point suspension balanced and make the fertilizer spreading distance consistent.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, and in particular to a fertilizer spreading device with automatic adjustment and balance. Background Art

[0002] At present, the fertilizer spreading equipment used in field production is directly mounted on the tractor without a balance adjustment device. In order to reduce the pressure on the seedlings by the tractor tires during wheat field operations, the operator sets one side of the tractor tire in the longitudinal drainage ditch, causing the tractor to tilt and the spreading surface of the fertilizer spreading equipment (such as the spinner) to tilt. In the field, the fertilizer is scattered close or far, with poor uniformity, resulting in uneven growth of crops in the same field, affecting the balanced increase in field production. Summary of the invention

[0003] The present invention aims to overcome the above-mentioned deficiencies of the prior art and provides a fertilizer spreading device with automatic adjustment balance, which is specifically achieved by the following technical solutions:

[0004] The automatic balanced fertilizer spreading device comprises a tractor, a three-point suspension, a fertilizer bin, a fertilizer swinging plate, a controller, an inclination sensor, an electromagnetic reversing valve, a displacement sensor, a screw rod and a hydraulic cylinder. The three-point suspension is driven to rise and fall by a lifting drive mechanism of the tractor. The fertilizer bin and the fertilizer swinging plate are respectively installed on the three-point suspension from top to bottom, and the fertilizer swinging plate is located at the discharge port of the fertilizer bin. The inclination sensor is arranged on the fertilizer bin. The hydraulic cylinder is arranged on the tractor. The output end of the hydraulic cylinder is connected to a driving arm on one side of the three-point suspension. The displacement sensor is connected to the electromagnetic reversing valve through the controller to form a control unit. The displacement sensor is arranged on the fertilizer bin and connected to the driving end of the hydraulic cylinder through the screw rod to form a feedback correction unit.

[0005] The further design of the fertilizer spreading device with automatic adjustment balance is to set the inclination data collected by the controller from the inclination sensor as α, the distance w between the tire tracks of the tractor in the current operating environment, the length l of the main shaft of the tractor driving wheel, and the inclination angle λ corresponding to the balance state of the three-point suspension. When α≤λ or When the fertilizer bin is determined to be in a balanced state, the controller controls the electromagnetic reversing valve to be in a locked state. When Δα≤λ, where Δα represents the angle difference collected in the current collection interval, it is determined that the three-point suspension is in an unbalanced state at this time, and the controller opens the electromagnetic reversing valve until the three-point suspension is in a balanced state again.

[0006] A further embodiment of the automatically balancing fertilizing device consists in setting λ∈(1, 2).

[0007] The further design of the fertilizer spreading device with automatic adjustment balance is that h is set as the stroke of the hydraulic cylinder collected by the displacement sensor. When δ is a constant and satisfies δ∈(0, 0.5), the controller controls the electromagnetic reversing valve to be in a locked state.

[0008] A further design of the fertilizing device with automatic balancing adjustment is that a safety bracket is provided below the output end of the hydraulic cylinder.

[0009] A further design of the fertilizer spreading device with automatic balance adjustment is that the safety bracket is a U-shaped slot, and one side of the U-shaped slot is fixed to the hydraulic cylinder lever earring.

[0010] A further design of the automatically adjusted balanced fertilizer spreading device is that the bearing portion of the three-point suspension is an angular bracket, which is composed of a horizontally arranged supporting end surface and a vertically arranged connecting end surface, the driving arms of the three-point suspension are respectively hinged to the connecting end surfaces, the fertilizer bin is fixedly connected to the connecting end surfaces, and the fertilizer spinner is rotatably arranged on the supporting end surface.

[0011] A further design of the automatically balancing fertilizer spreading device is that the driving part of the three-point suspension includes two suspension arms and a central suspension arm, the two suspension arms are transmission-connected to the lifting drive mechanism of the tractor to achieve synchronous lifting, and the central suspension arm is connected to the connecting end surface through a connecting seat.

[0012] The advantages of the present invention are as follows:

[0013] The automatically adjusted and balanced fertilizer spreading device of the present invention collects the inclination parameters by adding an inclination sensor to sense the inclination degree of the three-point suspension (fertilizer bin). The controller directly controls the hydraulic cylinder through the reversing valve to keep the three-point suspension balanced, so that the fertilizer spreading distance is consistent and the spreading is uniform, and the growth of crops in the field is balanced, ultimately achieving balanced yield increase.

[0014] On the other hand, combined with the feedback of the stroke data of the hydraulic cylinder, the hydraulic cylinder is corrected after calculation by the controller to avoid the influence of data errors caused by bumps on the control of the hydraulic cylinder. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 The schematic diagram of the structure of the fertilizer spreading device with automatic adjustment balance.

[0016] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structural schematic diagram of the fertilizer spreading device with automatic balance adjustment shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] The technical solution of the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0018] like Figure 1 The automatic balanced fertilizer spreading device of this embodiment mainly comprises a tractor 1, a three-point suspension 2, a fertilizer bin 21, a fertilizer throwing plate 23, a controller 4, a tilt sensor 22, an electromagnetic reversing valve 32, a displacement sensor 34, a screw rod 33 and a hydraulic cylinder 3. The three-point suspension 2 is driven to rise and fall by a lifting drive mechanism of the tractor (not shown in the figure, generally a hydraulic lifting mechanism is adopted). The fertilizer bin 21 and the fertilizer throwing plate 23 are respectively installed on the three-point suspension 2 from top to bottom, and the fertilizer throwing plate 23 is located at the discharge port of the fertilizer bin 21 located below. The tilt sensor 22 is arranged on the fertilizer bin 21. The hydraulic cylinder 3 is arranged on the tractor 1, and the output end (active end) of the hydraulic cylinder 3 is connected to the driving arm on one side of the three-point suspension. The displacement sensor 34 is connected to the electromagnetic reversing valve 32 through the controller 4 to form a control unit. The displacement sensor 34 is arranged on the fertilizer bin 21, connected to the driving end of the hydraulic cylinder 3 through the screw rod 33, and connected to the electromagnetic reversing valve 32 through the controller 4 to form a feedback correction unit to prevent the inclination data collected by the inclination sensor 22 from causing errors due to shaking during the operation of the tractor, and directly control the electromagnetic reversing valve 32 through the controller to adjust the on and off time of the hydraulic cylinder 3.

[0019] In this embodiment, the controller collects the inclination data of the inclination sensor as α, the distance between the tire tracks of the tractor in the current operating environment is w, the length of the main shaft of the tractor driving wheel is l, and the inclination angle λ corresponding to the three-point suspension in a balanced state. When α≤λ or When the fertilizer bin is determined to be in a balanced state, the controller controls the electromagnetic reversing valve to be in a locked state. When Δα≤λ, where Δα represents the angle difference collected in the current collection interval, it is determined that the three-point suspension is in an unbalanced state at this time, and the controller opens the electromagnetic reversing valve until the three-point suspension is in a balanced state again.

[0020] The technical solution of the present invention sets λ∈(1, 2), and this embodiment sets it to 1.5, with the unit being degree.

[0021] Furthermore, if h is set as the stroke of the hydraulic cylinder collected by the displacement sensor, then when When δ is a constant and satisfies δ∈(0, 0.5), the controller controls the electromagnetic reversing valve to be in a locked state. In this embodiment, δ is set to 0.5.

[0022] A safety bracket is provided below the output end of the hydraulic cylinder of this embodiment. One side of the safety bracket is fixed to the hydraulic cylinder lever earring, and the other side is a U-shaped slot to prevent the hydraulic cylinder 3 from causing unpredictable damage to the tractor and the fertilizer spreading device in the case of weightlessness.

[0023] The bearing part of the three-point suspension of this embodiment is an angular bracket, which is composed of a horizontally arranged support end face 25 and a vertically arranged connection end face 24. The driving arms of the three-point suspension are respectively: two suspension arms 243 and a central pull rod 242. The two suspension arms are driven by the lifting drive mechanism of the tractor (a hydraulic cylinder in this embodiment) to achieve synchronous lifting. The central pull rod is connected to the connection end face 24 through a connecting seat 241. The fertilizer spreading device of this embodiment can also change the front and rear tilt angle of the fertilizer bin by adjusting the length of the pull rod. The two suspension arms 243 are respectively movably connected to the connection end face 24, and the fertilizer bin 21 is fixed to the connection end face 24. The fertilizer throwing plate 23 is rotatably arranged on the support end face 25.

[0024] Specifically, a connecting seat for movably connecting with the suspension arm 243 is correspondingly provided on the connecting end surface 24, and a through hole is provided on the connecting seat. The movably connecting between the connecting end surface 24 and the suspension arm 243 is achieved by inserting a supporting shaft between the through hole and the suspension arm 243.

[0025] The automatically adjusted and balanced fertilizer spreading device of this embodiment collects the inclination parameters by adding an inclination sensor to sense the inclination degree of the three-point suspension (fertilizer bin). The controller directly controls the operation of the hydraulic cylinder through the reversing valve to keep the three-point suspension balanced. Combined with the feedback of the stroke data of the hydraulic cylinder, the controller performs correction operations on the hydraulic cylinder after calculation to avoid the data error caused by bumps affecting the control of the hydraulic cylinder.

[0026] The above is only a preferred specific embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily thought of by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A fertilizer spreading device with automatic adjustment balance, characterized in that The invention comprises a tractor, a three-point suspension, a fertilizer bin, a fertilizer spinning disc, a controller, an inclination sensor, an electromagnetic reversing valve, a displacement sensor, a screw rod and a hydraulic cylinder. The three-point suspension is driven to rise and fall by a lifting drive mechanism of the tractor. The fertilizer bin and the fertilizer spinning disc are respectively installed on the three-point suspension from top to bottom, and the fertilizer spinning disc is located at the discharge port of the fertilizer bin. The inclination sensor is arranged on the fertilizer bin. The hydraulic cylinder is arranged on the tractor. The output end of the hydraulic cylinder is connected to a driving arm on one side of the three-point suspension. The displacement sensor is connected to the electromagnetic reversing valve through the controller to form a control unit. The displacement sensor is arranged on the fertilizer bin and connected to the driving end of the hydraulic cylinder through a screw rod to form a feedback correction unit.

2. The automatic balancing fertilizer spreading device according to claim 1, characterized in that Assume that the controller collects the inclination data of the inclination sensor as α, the spacing of the tire tracks of the tractor in the current operating environment as w, the length of the main shaft of the tractor driving wheel as l, and the inclination angle λ corresponding to the three-point suspension in a balanced state. When α≤λ or When the fertilizer bin is determined to be in a balanced state, the controller controls the electromagnetic reversing valve to be in a locked state. When Δα≤λ, where Δα represents the angle difference collected in the current collection interval, it is determined that the three-point suspension is in an unbalanced state at this time, and the controller opens the electromagnetic reversing valve until the three-point suspension is in a balanced state again.

3. The automatic balancing fertilizer spreading device according to claim 2, characterized in that Set λ∈(1,2).

4. The automatic balancing fertilizer spreading device according to claim 2, characterized in that Assume h is the stroke of the hydraulic cylinder collected by the displacement sensor, then when When δ is a constant and satisfies δ∈(0, 0.5), the controller controls the electromagnetic reversing valve to be in a locked state.

5. The automatic balancing fertilizer spreading device according to claim 1, characterized in that A safety bracket is provided below the output end of the hydraulic cylinder.

6. The automatic balancing fertilizer spreading device according to claim 5, characterized in that The safety bracket is a U-shaped slot, one side of which is fixed to the hydraulic cylinder lever earring.

7. The automatic balancing fertilizer spreading device according to claim 1, characterized in that The bearing part of the three-point suspension is an angular bracket, which is composed of a horizontally arranged supporting end surface and a vertically arranged connecting end surface. The driving arms of the three-point suspension are respectively hinged to the connecting end surfaces, the fertilizer bin is fixedly connected to the connecting end surfaces, and the fertilizer spinner is rotatably arranged on the supporting end surface.

8. The automatic balancing fertilizer spreading device according to claim 7, characterized in that The driving part of the three-point suspension includes two suspension arms and a central suspension arm. The two suspension arms are transmission-connected with the lifting drive mechanism of the tractor to realize synchronous lifting. The central suspension arm is connected with the connecting end surface through a connecting seat.

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