Prefabricated rail top air duct structure and construction method thereof

Abstract

The present invention relates to a prefabricated rail top air duct structure and a construction method thereof, the prefabricated rail top air duct structure comprising: a prefabricated component, comprising a bottom plate and two side plates arranged on opposite sides of the bottom plate, the two side plates both extending upward from the bottom plate, each of the side plates being provided with an embedded part, the embedded part passing through the top surface of the side plate; and a middle plate, opposite to the bottom plate and spaced apart, the middle plate being provided with reserved holes corresponding to the embedded parts one by one, the reserved holes passing through the middle plate, the size of the reserved holes being larger than the size of the embedded parts, the embedded parts being passed through the reserved holes and fixed by concrete pouring. The prefabricated rail top air duct structure of this scheme is easy to maintain and install, has good construction fault tolerance, and does not affect the construction of subsequent projects.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of rail top air ducts, and in particular to a prefabricated rail top air duct structure and a construction method thereof. Background Art

[0002] The track top duct, that is, the exhaust duct on the top of the train, is an important internal structural component in the ventilation system of the subway station. The track top duct usually includes two types: prefabricated structure and cast-in-place structure. Currently, most of them adopt cast-in-place structure. The cast-in-place structure is divided into post-casting method and pre-casting method. Among them, the pre-casting method casts the track top duct before casting the middle plate, and then constructs the middle plate after the casting is completed. The post-casting method is to embed the side wall steel bars of the track top duct when casting the top plate of the track top duct. After the construction of the station is completed, the construction team enters the site for the second time, sets up the construction scaffolding of the track top duct, installs the bottom formwork of the track top duct, ties the bottom plate and side wall steel bars of the duct, closes the side wall formwork of the track top duct after the steel bars are inspected and qualified, and uses the small hole reserved on the top plate to cast the track top duct concrete. Regardless of the cast-in-place construction method, there are their own defects, complex construction process and long construction period.

[0003] The use of prefabricated track-top air ducts can effectively solve the shortcomings of cast-in-place structures. According to the classification of prefabricated track-top air duct structures, they mainly include the following five forms: (1) Assembled steel frame + external fireproof board air duct. The construction quality and accuracy of this solution are not easy to control. There are vibrations when the train is running, which may delay the track laying progress. The anti-corrosion project of the steel structure is large and maintenance is difficult. The project cost and maintenance cost are both high; (2) Suspended air duct + cast-in-place suspended wall combination air duct. This solution requires a second construction site visit. The replacement of the air duct during operation requires the removal of the contact network, which will have a certain impact on the normal operation of the train. There are vibrations when the train is running. The initial project investment is low, but it needs to be replaced many times, and the later maintenance cost is high; (3) Suspended air duct + assembled steel under-hanging beam combination air duct; this This solution is easy to install, but the accuracy of the lower hanging beam is difficult to control. The replacement of the air duct during operation requires the removal of the contact network, which will have a certain impact on the normal operation of the train. The train will vibrate when running, and the initial project investment is low, but the service life of the air duct is limited, and it needs to be replaced many times, and the later maintenance cost is high; (4) Prefabricated air duct bottom plate + cast-in-place suspended wall air duct. This solution requires the use of lifting and lifting equipment for lifting, and requires a second construction site. The lifting of the prefabricated plate requires the use of lifting and lowering equipment, and the initial project cost is high; (5) Fully prefabricated reinforced concrete air duct. This solution requires the use of lifting and lifting equipment for lifting. The suspended wall is heavy, the bolt hole position is not flexible enough, and it is difficult to install. In addition, the prefabricated suspended wall components are complex, and some processes are not easy to operate, so the initial project cost is high. In general, the current prefabricated rail top air duct solution has problems such as difficult maintenance, high installation requirements, and a great impact on other subsequent subway construction processes. Summary of the invention

[0004] Based on this, it is necessary to provide a prefabricated track top air duct structure and its construction method to address the problems of the current prefabricated track top air duct solution, such as difficult maintenance, high installation requirements, and great impact on other subsequent subway construction processes.

[0005] A prefabricated rail top air duct structure, comprising:

[0006] A prefabricated component, comprising a bottom plate and two side plates arranged on opposite sides of the bottom plate, wherein the two side plates extend upward from the bottom plate, and each of the side plates is provided with an embedded part, and the embedded part passes through the top surface of the side plate; and

[0007] The middle plate is opposite to the bottom plate and is spaced apart from each other. The middle plate is provided with reserved holes corresponding to the embedded parts one by one. The reserved holes penetrate the middle plate. The size of the reserved holes is larger than the size of the embedded parts. The embedded parts are inserted into the reserved holes and fixed by pouring concrete.

[0008] When assembling the above-mentioned prefabricated rail top air duct structure, the embedded parts of the side panels of the prefabricated components are inserted into the reserved holes of the middle plate, and then concrete is poured in the reserved holes to fix the prefabricated components and the middle plate. The whole assembly process is simple, no secondary entry is required, and subsequent engineering construction is not affected, which can effectively shorten the project construction period; the prefabricated components adopt an integrated U-shaped prefabricated structure, the components have high strength, light weight, good durability, convenient on-site hoisting operations and on-site connection of components, and are also easy to maintain. In addition, the size of the reserved holes is larger than the size of the embedded parts, which can improve the construction tolerance, reduce the installation accuracy requirements, and make installation easier.

[0009] In one embodiment, the reserved hole includes a first hole and a second hole that are interconnected, the second hole is located above the first hole, and the size of the second hole is larger than the size of the first hole.

[0010] In one embodiment, two opposite sides of the embedded component are respectively connected with supporting components, and the supporting components are located in the second hole and abut against the bottom wall of the second hole.

[0011] In one embodiment, the embedded part is an I-beam, and the support part is a channel steel welded to opposite sides of the I-beam.

[0012] In one of the embodiments, a shear bolt is provided in the embedded part.

[0013] In one embodiment, a plurality of the prefabricated components are provided, and the plurality of the prefabricated components are arranged side by side and respectively connected to the middle plate, and two adjacent prefabricated components are provided with tongues and grooves that fit each other, and a gap is provided between the tongues and grooves, and the gap is filled with structural adhesive.

[0014] In one embodiment, the gap between the tongue and groove is 8 mm to 10 mm.

[0015] The present application also proposes a construction method of a prefabricated rail top air duct structure, which is used for the prefabricated rail top air duct structure as described above. The construction method of the prefabricated rail top air duct structure comprises the following steps:

[0016] A reserved hole is provided on the middle plate, and the reserved hole passes through the middle plate;

[0017] Insert the embedded parts in the side plate of the prefabricated component into the reserved holes;

[0018] Pour concrete into the reserved hole.

[0019] In one embodiment, after the step of inserting the embedded parts in the side plate of the prefabricated component into the reserved hole, the following steps are also included:

[0020] Supporting parts are welded on opposite sides of the embedded part respectively.

[0021] In one embodiment, after the step of inserting the embedded component into the reserved hole, the following steps are also included:

[0022] The top of the embedded part is passed through the reserved hole; a steel bar is welded to the top of the embedded part, and a plurality of prefabricated components arranged side by side are connected in series through the steel bar; a spacer is arranged between the steel bar and the middle plate to temporarily fix the prefabricated component to the middle plate;

[0023] After the step of pouring concrete into the reserved hole, the method further includes the following steps:

[0024] After the concrete to be poured reaches the designed strength, the portion of the embedded part that exceeds the middle plate surface is cut off to permanently fix the prefabricated component to the middle plate. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] The drawings constituting a part of this application are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The illustrative embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute improper limitations on the present invention.

[0026] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0027] Figure 1It is a first cross-sectional schematic diagram of a prefabricated rail top air duct structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A second cross-sectional schematic diagram of the prefabricated rail top air duct structure;

[0029] Figure 3 The top view of the prefabricated rail top air duct structure from above the middle plate;

[0030] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the connection node between two adjacent prefabricated components.

[0031] 10. Prefabricated components; 11. Bottom plate; 12. Side plate; 13. Embedded parts; 14. Support parts; 15. Shear studs; 16. Structural adhesive; 20. Middle plate; 21. Reserved holes; 211. First hole; 212. Second hole; 30. Steel bars. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention can be implemented in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar improvements without violating the connotation of the present invention, so the present invention is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0033] Please refer to Figures 1 to 3 A prefabricated rail top air duct structure provided in an embodiment of the present application includes a prefabricated component 10 and a middle plate 20, wherein the prefabricated component 10 includes a bottom plate 11 and two side plates 12 arranged on opposite sides of the bottom plate 11, wherein the two side plates 12 extend upward from the bottom plate 11, wherein each of the side plates 12 is provided with an embedded part 13, wherein the embedded part 13 passes through the top surface of the side plate 12; wherein the middle plate 20 is opposite to the bottom plate 11 and is arranged at intervals, wherein the middle plate 20 is provided with reserved holes 21 corresponding to the embedded parts 13 one by one, wherein the reserved holes 21 pass through the middle plate 20, wherein the size of the reserved holes 21 is larger than the size of the embedded parts 13, wherein the embedded parts 13 are passed through the reserved holes 21 and fixed by concrete pouring.

[0034] Specifically, the prefabricated component 10 presents a U-shaped structure as a whole, and its bottom plate 11 and two side plates 12 adopt an integral prefabricated structure. The prefabricated component 10 can be set to multiple according to actual needs. Multiple prefabricated components 10 are arranged side by side along the extension direction of the air duct and spliced ​​together to form the main structure of the air duct. The width of each prefabricated component 10 can be set according to actual conditions, for example, it can be set to 0.9 meters or 1 meter. Embedded parts 13 are respectively arranged in the two side plates 12 of each prefabricated component 10. The embedded parts 13 generally adopt embedded steel with high structural strength. For example, in this embodiment, the embedded parts 13 can adopt I-beams. A reserved hole 21 is opened on the middle plate 20. The reserved hole 21 runs through both sides of the middle plate 20 along the thickness direction of the middle plate 20. The size of the reserved hole 21 is slightly larger than the size of the embedded part 13. Optionally, the top of the embedded part 13 passes through the reserved hole 21 to form a temporary fixing part, which is beyond the plate surface of the middle plate 20 and is used to weld the steel bar 30. The multiple prefabricated components 10 are connected in series through the steel bar 30, and a pad is provided between the steel bar 30 and the middle plate 20 to play a role of temporary fixing. After the concrete pouring is completed and reaches the design strength, the temporary fixing part of the embedded part 13 can be cut off.

[0035] When assembling the above-mentioned prefabricated rail top air duct structure, the embedded parts 13 of the side panels 12 of the prefabricated components 10 are inserted into the reserved holes 21 of the middle plate 20, and then concrete is poured in the reserved holes 21 to fix the prefabricated components 10 and the middle plate 20. The entire assembly process is simple, no secondary entry is required, and subsequent engineering construction is not affected, which can effectively shorten the project construction period; the prefabricated component 10 adopts an integrated U-shaped prefabricated structure, the component has high strength, light weight, good durability, convenient on-site hoisting operations and on-site connection of components, and is also easy to maintain. In addition, the size of the reserved hole 21 is larger than the size of the embedded part 13, which can improve the construction fault tolerance, reduce the installation accuracy requirements, and make installation easier.

[0036] Furthermore, if Figure 2 As shown, in this embodiment, the reserved hole 21 includes a first hole 211 and a second hole 212 that are interconnected, the second hole 212 is located above the first hole 211, and the size of the second hole 212 is larger than the size of the first hole 211. Specifically, during assembly, the embedded part 13 on the side plate 12 passes through the first hole 211 and the second hole 212 in sequence, and the size of the second hole 212 is larger, which is convenient for concrete pouring and also convenient for installing other components in the second hole 212.

[0037] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the two opposite sides of the embedded part 13 are respectively connected with support members 14, and the support members 14 are located in the second hole 212 and abut against the bottom wall of the second hole 212. Specifically, after the embedded part 13 passes through the second hole 212, the support members 14 are respectively connected to the two opposite sides of the embedded part 13, and the support members 14 abut against the bottom wall of the second hole 212, thereby playing a certain supporting role, and then concrete is poured into the second hole 212. After the concrete solidifies, the embedded part 13 and the support member 14 are both embedded in the concrete, which can effectively improve the structural strength of the connection part between the prefabricated component 10 and the middle plate 20. Optionally, in this embodiment, the embedded part 13 is an I-beam, for example, a No. 10 I-beam, and the support member 14 is a channel steel welded to the two opposite sides of the I-beam, which can further ensure the structural strength.

[0038] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the embedded part 13 is provided with a shear bolt 15, which can effectively improve the shear strength and connection force of the prefabricated component 10. The specific number of the shear bolt 15 can be set according to actual needs. Figure 2 As shown, the embedded part 13 is provided with a plurality of shear studs 15 at intervals along its extending direction.

[0039] Furthermore, if Figure 4 As shown, on the basis of the above embodiment, the prefabricated components 10 are provided with a plurality of them, and the plurality of the prefabricated components 10 are arranged side by side and respectively connected to the middle plate 20, and two adjacent prefabricated components 10 are provided with mutually adapted tongues and grooves, and a gap is provided between the tongues and grooves, and the gap is filled with structural adhesive 16. By adopting a tongue and groove design for the connection node between two adjacent prefabricated components 10, it is easy to assemble, and a gap is provided between the tongues and grooves, which can improve the requirements of construction fault tolerance, and the gap is densely filled with structural adhesive 16 to ensure the overall assembly reliability. Optionally, in this embodiment, the gap between the tongues and grooves is 8mm to 10mm.

[0040] The present application also proposes a construction method of a prefabricated rail top air duct structure, which is used for the prefabricated rail top air duct structure as described above. The construction method of the prefabricated rail top air duct structure comprises the following steps:

[0041] S1, opening a reserved hole 21 on the middle plate 20, wherein the reserved hole 21 passes through the middle plate 20;

[0042] S2, inserting the embedded part 13 in the side plate 12 of the prefabricated component 10 into the reserved hole 21;

[0043] S3, pouring concrete into the reserved hole 21.

[0044] Specifically, the middle plate 20 is provided with reserved holes 21, the number of which matches the number of embedded parts 13 of the prefabricated component 10, and the size of the reserved holes 21 is slightly larger than the size of the embedded parts 13, so as to improve the construction fault tolerance. The reserved holes 21 can adopt a structure with a larger top and a smaller bottom, for example, Figure 2 As shown, the reserved hole 21 includes a first hole 211 and a second hole 212 that are interconnected, and the size of the second hole 212 is larger than the size of the first hole 211. The prefabricated component 10 includes a bottom plate 11 and two side plates 12 arranged on opposite sides of the bottom plate 11. Both side plates 12 extend upward from the bottom plate 11, and each side plate 12 is provided with an embedded part 13. During assembly, the prefabricated component 10 is hoisted to a position close to the middle plate 20, and the embedded parts 13 on the side plates 12 of the prefabricated component 10 pass through the first hole 211 and the second hole 212 in sequence, and then concrete is poured from the top surface of the middle plate 20 into the second hole 212 and the first hole 211. After the concrete solidifies, a reliable connection between the prefabricated component and the middle plate 20 can be achieved.

[0045] The construction method of the above-mentioned prefabricated rail top air duct structure is simple, does not require secondary entry into the site, does not affect subsequent project construction, and can effectively shorten the project construction period; the prefabricated component 10 adopts an integrated U-shaped prefabricated structure, the component has high strength, light weight, good durability, and is convenient for on-site lifting operations and on-site connection of components, and is also easy to maintain. The size of the reserved hole 21 is larger than the size of the embedded part 13, which can improve the construction fault tolerance, reduce the installation accuracy requirements, and make installation easier.

[0046] Further, on the basis of the above embodiment, after the step of inserting the embedded part 13 in the side plate 12 of the prefabricated component 10 into the reserved hole 21, the following steps are also included:

[0047] S21 , respectively welding the support members 14 on the opposite sides of the embedded member 13 .

[0048] Specifically, on the basis of the above embodiment, after the embedded parts 13 in the side plate 12 of the prefabricated component 10 are inserted into the reserved hole 21, the support parts 14 are respectively welded on the opposite sides of the prefabricated component 10, and the support parts 14 abut against the bottom wall of the second hole 212, thereby playing a certain supporting role, and then concrete is poured into the reserved hole 21. After the concrete solidifies, the embedded parts 13 and the support parts 14 are both embedded in the concrete, which can effectively improve the structural strength of the connection between the prefabricated component 10 and the middle plate 20. Among them, the support parts 14 can be specifically channel steel.

[0049] Further, on the basis of the above embodiment, after the step of inserting the embedded component 13 into the reserved hole 21, the following steps are also included:

[0050] S201, the top of the embedded part 13 passes through the reserved hole 21;

[0051] S202, welding the steel bar 30 to the top of the embedded part 13, and connecting the plurality of prefabricated components 10 arranged side by side in series through the steel bar 30;

[0052] S203, setting a spacer between the steel bar 30 and the middle plate 20 to temporarily fix the prefabricated component 10 and the middle plate 20;

[0053] After the step of pouring concrete into the reserved hole 21, the following steps are also included:

[0054] S31. After the concrete to be poured reaches the designed strength, the portion of the embedded part 13 that exceeds the surface of the middle plate 20 is cut off to permanently fix the prefabricated component 10 to the middle plate 20.

[0055] Specifically, when designing the embedded part 13, the length of the embedded part 13 passing through the side plate 12 can be designed to be slightly longer. When assembling, the embedded part 13 can pass through the reserved hole 21 and exceed the plate surface of the middle plate 20, and then be welded to the top of the embedded part 13 through the steel bar 30. A plurality of prefabricated components 10 are arranged side by side, and the embedded parts 13 of each prefabricated component 10 are welded to the steel bar 30, so that a plurality of prefabricated components 10 can be connected in series through a steel bar 30, and then a concrete pad is arranged between the steel bar 30 and the middle plate 20, so that the prefabricated component 10 and the middle plate 20 can be temporarily fixed. In order to ensure the reliability of temporary fixing, optionally, steel bars 30 are welded to the opposite sides of the embedded part 13. After temporary fixation, it is convenient to weld support members 14 (channel steel) on both sides of the embedded member 13, and pour concrete in the reserved hole 21. After the concrete solidifies and reaches the designed strength, the part of the embedded member 13 that exceeds the surface of the middle plate 20 is cut off, so as to achieve permanent fixation.

[0056] In a preferred embodiment, the construction method of the prefabricated rail top air duct structure includes the following steps:

[0057] S1, opening a reserved hole 21 on the middle plate 20, wherein the reserved hole 21 passes through the middle plate 20;

[0058] S2, inserting the embedded part 13 in the side plate 12 of the prefabricated component 10 into the reserved hole 21;

[0059] S201, the top of the embedded part 13 passes through the reserved hole 21;

[0060] S202, welding the steel bar 30 to the top of the embedded part 13, and connecting the plurality of prefabricated components 10 arranged side by side in series through the steel bar 30;

[0061] S203, setting a spacer between the steel bar 30 and the middle plate 20 to temporarily fix the prefabricated component 10 and the middle plate 20;

[0062] S21, welding support members 14 on opposite sides of the embedded member 13 respectively;

[0063] S3, pouring concrete into the reserved hole 21;

[0064] S31. After the concrete to be poured reaches the designed strength, the portion of the embedded part 13 that exceeds the surface of the middle plate 20 is cut off to permanently fix the prefabricated component 10 to the middle plate 20.

[0065] The above-mentioned construction method of the prefabricated rail top air duct structure can avoid secondary site entry, has high component strength, light weight, good durability, convenient on-site hoisting and component on-site connection, good construction fault tolerance, good structural sealing, convenient temporary fixation of the prefabricated rail top air duct, and does not affect subsequent engineering construction. It can effectively shorten the construction period, improve engineering quality, reduce management difficulty, and improve the construction site environment.

[0066] The technical features of the above-described embodiments may be arbitrarily combined. To make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-described embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0067] The above-mentioned embodiments only express several implementation methods of the present invention, and the descriptions thereof are relatively specific and detailed, but they cannot be understood as limiting the scope of the invention patent. It should be pointed out that, for ordinary technicians in this field, several variations and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the patent of the present invention shall be subject to the attached claims.

[0068] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0069] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "plurality" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0070] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise clearly defined. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0071] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, a first feature being "above" or "below" a second feature may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Moreover, a first feature being "above", "above" or "above" a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being "below", "below" or "below" a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0072] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "fixed to" or "disposed on" another element, it may be directly on the other element or there may be a central element. When an element is considered to be "connected to" another element, it may be directly connected to the other element or there may be a central element at the same time. The terms "vertical", "horizontal", "upper", "lower", "left", "right" and similar expressions used herein are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to be the only implementation method.

Claims

1. A prefabricated rail top air duct structure, characterized in that: include: A prefabricated component, comprising a bottom plate and two side plates arranged on opposite sides of the bottom plate, wherein the two side plates extend upward from the bottom plate, and each of the side plates is provided with an embedded part, and the embedded part passes through the top surface of the side plate; and A middle plate is arranged opposite to the bottom plate and spaced apart, the middle plate is provided with reserved holes corresponding to the embedded parts one by one, the reserved holes penetrate the middle plate, the size of the reserved holes is larger than the size of the embedded parts, and the embedded parts are inserted into the reserved holes and fixed by pouring concrete; The reserved hole comprises a first hole and a second hole which are connected to each other, the second hole is located above the first hole, and the size of the second hole is larger than the size of the first hole; The embedded part is connected to supporting parts on opposite sides respectively. The supporting parts are located in the second hole and abut against the bottom wall of the second hole. The embedded part is an I-beam, and the supporting parts are channel steels welded to opposite sides of the I-beam.

2. The prefabricated rail top air duct structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The embedded part is provided with a shear bolt.

3. The prefabricated rail top air duct structure according to any one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that: There are multiple prefabricated components, which are arranged side by side and respectively connected to the middle plate. Two adjacent prefabricated components are correspondingly provided with tongues and grooves that fit each other, a gap is provided between the tongues and grooves, and the gap is filled with structural adhesive.

4. The prefabricated rail top air duct structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The gap between the tongue and groove is 8 mm to 10 mm.

5. The prefabricated rail top air duct structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The prefabricated components are U-shaped.

6. The prefabricated rail top air duct structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reserved holes penetrate through both sides of the middle plate along the thickness direction of the middle plate.

7. The prefabricated rail top air duct structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top end of the embedded part passes through the reserved hole to form a temporary fixing part, the temporary fixing part of the embedded part exceeds the plate surface of the middle plate, and the temporary fixing part is used for welding steel bars.

8. The prefabricated rail top air duct structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The embedded parts are made of No. 10 I-beam.

9. A construction method for a prefabricated rail top air duct structure, used for the prefabricated rail top air duct structure according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The construction method of the prefabricated rail top air duct structure comprises the following steps: A reserved hole is provided on the middle plate, and the reserved hole passes through the middle plate; Insert the embedded parts in the side plate of the prefabricated component into the reserved holes; Pouring concrete into the reserved hole; The reserved holes include a first hole and a second hole that are interconnected, and the size of the second hole is larger than the size of the first hole; during assembly, the prefabricated component is hoisted to a position close to the middle plate, and the embedded parts on the side plates of the prefabricated component pass through the first hole and the second hole in sequence; After the step of inserting the embedded parts in the side plate of the prefabricated component into the reserved hole, the following steps are also included: welding support parts on opposite sides of the embedded parts, the support parts abut against the bottom wall of the second hole, and then pouring concrete into the second hole and the first hole from the top surface of the middle plate.

10. The construction method of the prefabricated rail top air duct structure according to claim 9, characterized in that: After the step of inserting the embedded component into the reserved hole, the method further includes the following steps: The top of the embedded part is passed through the reserved hole; a steel bar is welded to the top of the embedded part, and a plurality of prefabricated components arranged side by side are connected in series through the steel bar; a spacer is arranged between the steel bar and the middle plate to temporarily fix the prefabricated component to the middle plate; After the step of pouring concrete into the reserved hole, the method further includes the following steps: After the concrete to be poured reaches the designed strength, the portion of the embedded part that exceeds the middle plate surface is cut off to permanently fix the prefabricated component to the middle plate.

Images