Railway tank car with large-capacity tank body

Abstract

A railway tank car with a large-capacity tank body, the railway tank car comprising two bogies (1), two support bodies (2) respectively disposed on the two bogies, a tank body (3) disposed on the two support bodies, and a liquid trap (301) arranged at the center of the bottom of the tank body, wherein the two support bodies are both traction and bolster devices; and a cylinder body is a combination of two first cylinders (311) and two second cylinders (312), each first cylinder being a conical cylinder of which a top generatrix is parallel to a horizontal plane, each second cylinder being a conical cylinder, large ends of the two first cylinders being connected to each other, the axes of the two first cylinders forming a V-shaped structure with an upward opening, small ends of the two first cylinders being connected to large ends of the two second cylinders, respectively, and small ends of the two second cylinders being connected to two heads, respectively. The problem of the volume of a tank body of an existing railway tank car being increased by lengthening the tank body is solved, such that the volume of the tank body can be maximized without increasing the length of the car.

Description

A railway tank car with a large-capacity tank body Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a railway tank car, in particular to a railway tank car with a large-capacity tank body. Background Art

[0002] Railway tank cars are mainly responsible for the transportation of bulk liquid cargo. The larger the tank volume, the more cargo it can load and the better its economy. With the improvement of design and manufacturing levels, the volume of railway tank cars continues to increase. At present, a major tank car model for transporting light oil media such as gasoline, kerosene and diesel in my country is the GQ70 tank car, manufactured by CRRC Xi'an Rolling Stock Co., Ltd. Its structure is shown in Figure 1, including two bogies 01, support bodies 02 respectively arranged on the two bogies, a tank body 03 arranged on the two support bodies 02, a liquid collection nest 0301 arranged at the bottom of the tank body 03, an external ladder 041 arranged on the side of the tank body 03, and a walking board 042, a guardrail 043 and a manhole 044 arranged on the top of the tank body 03; wherein the tank body 03 includes a cylinder 031 and a head 032 welded to both ends of the cylinder. The GQ70 tank car adopts a center beam-free structure, and the total volume of the tank body is 80.3m 3 Railway tank cars are usually loaded and unloaded in a row, and the spacing between existing ground loading and unloading platforms is mostly 12 meters. In order to match railway tank cars with loading and unloading platforms, the vehicle length of railway tank cars in my country is about 12 meters.

[0003] Figures 2 to 4 show three common international structures of railway tank car tank bodies:

[0004] As shown in Figure 2, the tank body of a 60t tank truck is mostly cylindrical. If the diameter of this type of tank body is increased, the center of gravity of the vehicle will be higher, resulting in poor unloading of the liquid medium.

[0005] As shown in Figure 3, the tank body of a 70t tank truck is mostly conical in shape, with the top generatrix parallel to the horizontal plane, the bottom middle being low, and the sides being high. This tank body has good liquid medium unloading efficiency.

[0006] As shown in Figure 4, the tank body of most North American non-pressure tank trucks is a shallow V-shaped cylindrical structure consisting of two cylindrical sections. This tank body has a high degree of cleanliness, but it is not conducive to shortening the vehicle length. The V angle cannot be too small to prevent the expansion of the liquid from dividing the gas phase into two parts, which has a negligible effect on lowering the center of gravity.

[0007] In existing technology, increasing the capacity of a railway tank car can be achieved by increasing the length or diameter of the tank. The design of the tank structure is primarily influenced by factors such as the railway vehicle's clearance, the vehicle's center of gravity, the height of the coupler, the stress state of the tank, the structural type of components welded to the tank, and the tank manufacturing process. my country's railway tank cars are rotating bodies, primarily cylindrical or conical in shape. Increasing the tank's length or diameter to increase its capacity can easily lead to difficulties in loading and unloading liquid media.

[0008] Summary of the Invention

[0009] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the technical problems that in existing railway tank cars, if the tank volume is increased by increasing the length of the tank body, it is easy to cause the vehicle to become larger, which is not compatible with the ground loading and unloading platform and makes it difficult to load and unload liquid media; or if the tank volume is increased by increasing the diameter of the tank body, it is easy to cause the vehicle size to exceed the limit. The present invention provides a railway tank car with a large-capacity tank body that does not increase the length of the vehicle and does not exceed the vehicle limit.

[0010] The design concept of the present invention is to optimize the shape and structure of the tank body and reasonably arrange the components connected to the tank body to maximize the volume of the tank body without increasing the length of the vehicle.

[0011] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solutions provided by the present invention are:

[0012] A railway tank car with a large-capacity tank body comprises two bogies, two supporting bodies respectively mounted on the two bogies, a tank body mounted on the two supporting bodies, a liquid collecting basin at the bottom of the tank body, an external ladder mounted on the tank body, and a guardrail, a walking board, and a manhole mounted on the top of the tank body. The tank body comprises a cylinder body and two end caps respectively welded to both ends of the cylinder body. The special feature of the tank car is that:

[0013] The two supporting bodies are both traction and pillow devices, each of the traction and pillow devices includes two side beams, end beams and pillow beams connected to the two side beams, and a traction beam arranged on the end beams and pillow beams; the upper surface of the pillow beam is an arc-shaped depression adapted to the shape of the cylinder, and the upper surfaces of the pillow beam and traction beam are connected to the lower surface of the cylinder; the cylinder is a combination of two first cylinders and two first cylinders, the first cylinder is a conical cylinder with a top busbar parallel to the horizontal plane, and the second cylinder is a conical cylinder, the large ends of the two first cylinders are connected, and their axes form a V-shaped structure with an opening upward, and their small ends are respectively connected to the large ends of the two second cylinders, and the small ends of the two second cylinders are respectively connected to the two heads; the axial length of the tank body is less than or equal to the distance between the two end beams, the outer ladder is connected to the outer end face of a head, and the walking plate is arranged at the top of the first cylinder and the second cylinder, and is connected to the top of the outer ladder.

[0014] Furthermore, the central axes of two adjacent first cylinders and second cylinders are coaxial. Such an arrangement can reduce the difficulty of processing.

[0015] Furthermore, the outer ladder includes two ladder columns arranged in parallel, multiple footrests arranged between the two ladder columns, at least two sets of connecting bars arranged on the two ladder columns, and two handrails respectively arranged on the top of the two ladder columns; the outer ladder is connected to the outer end face of a head through the connecting bar, and protective railings are arranged on both outer sides of the walkway.

[0016] Furthermore, both of the two heads are elliptical heads, wherein the ratio of the major axis to the minor axis of the ellipse is greater than or equal to 2. Such selection of the head can make it better match with the cylinder.

[0017] Furthermore, the angle α between the bottom generatrix of the two first cylinders and the horizontal plane satisfies the following: 0.2°≤α≤1°. If α>1, the space utilization rate of the tank bottom will be low; if α<0.2, the liquid medium in the tank will remain in the tank during unloading, resulting in incomplete unloading.

[0018] Furthermore, the included angle β between the bottom generatrix of the two second cylinders and the horizontal plane satisfies: 0<β≤4°. The value of β should not be too large. If β>4, it will affect the arrangement of the components in the traction pillow device.

[0019] Furthermore, the included angle α between the bottom generatrix of the two first cylinders and the horizontal plane is 0.4°; the included angle β between the bottom generatrix of the two second cylinders and the horizontal plane is 3.8°.

[0020] Furthermore, the liquid collecting cavity is arranged at the bottom center of the tank body.

[0021] Furthermore, the manhole is provided at the connection of the large ends of the tops of the two first cylinders.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0023] 1. The railway tank car with a large-capacity tank body provided by the present invention adopts a combination of a first cylinder body, a second cylinder body and a head, which can increase the volume of the tank body by 7.3m while keeping the total length of the vehicle unchanged. 3 (an increase of 9.1% compared to the prior art), the total volume of eleven railway tank cars with large-capacity tank bodies provided by the present invention is equivalent to that of twelve railway tank cars with prior art, which can improve transportation efficiency and bring considerable economic benefits. In addition, when unloading liquid media, the unloading degree is better; at the same time, the axial length of the tank body is less than or equal to the distance between the two end beams, avoiding interference with other vehicles when coupled;

[0024] 2. The railway tank car with a large-capacity tank body provided by the present invention has an external ladder arranged on the outer end surface of a head, thereby making full use of the space on the outer end surface of the head;

[0025] 3. The railway tank car with a large-capacity tank body provided by the present invention has a support body that is a traction device without a center beam, which can fully release the space under the tank body and the vehicle limit;

[0026] 4. The railway tank car with a large-capacity tank body provided by the present invention has an angle α between the bottom generatrix of the two first cylinders and the horizontal plane that satisfies: 0.2°≤α≤1°; and an angle β between the bottom generatrix of the two second cylinders and the horizontal plane that satisfies: 0<β≤4°; it is convenient for loading and unloading liquid media and is tightly connected to the support body. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an existing GQ70 tank car;

[0028] Description of reference numerals in FIG1 :

[0029] 01-bogie; 02-support body; 03-tank body, 0301-liquid collecting chamber, 031-cylinder body, 032-head; 041-external ladder, 042-walkway, 043-guardrail, 044-manhole;

[0030] FIG2 is a schematic diagram of a conventional railway tank car with a cylindrical tank body;

[0031] FIG3 is a schematic diagram of an existing railway tank car with a quasi-conical tank body;

[0032] FIG4 is a schematic diagram of a conventional railway tank car with a shallow V-shaped cylindrical tank body;

[0033] FIG5 is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] FIG6 is a schematic structural diagram of an outer ladder, a guardrail, and a walkway according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] FIG7 is a schematic structural diagram of a support body according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] FIG8 is a schematic structural diagram of a cylinder according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Description of reference numerals in Figures 5 to 8:

[0038] 1-bogie; 2-support body, 21-side beam, 22-end beam, 23-bolster, 24-traction beam; 3-tank body, 31-cylinder body, 311-first cylinder body, 312-second cylinder body, 32-head; 41-outer ladder, 411-ladder column, 412-footrest, 413-connecting bar, 414-handrail; 42-guardrail, 43-walkway. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0040] A railway tank car with a large-capacity tank body, as shown in Figures 5 to 8, includes two bogies 1, two support bodies 2 respectively arranged on the two bogies 1, a tank body 3 arranged on the two support bodies 2, a liquid collection nest arranged at the bottom center of the tank body 3, an outer ladder 41 arranged on the tank body 3, and a guardrail 42, a walking board 43 and a manhole arranged on the top of the tank body 3. The tank body 3 includes a cylinder 31 and two heads 32 respectively welded to the two ends of the cylinder 31. The two support bodies 2 are both traction and pillow devices. Each traction and pillow device includes two side beams 21, an end beam 22 connected to the two side beams 21 and a bolster 23, and a traction beam 24 arranged on the end beam 22 and the bolster 23; the upper surface of the bolster 23 is an arc-shaped depression adapted to the shape of the cylinder 31. The upper surface of the bolster 23 and the traction beam 24 are connected to the lower surface of the cylinder 31; the cylinder 31 is a combination of two first cylinders 311 and two second cylinders 312, the first cylinder 311 is a conical cylinder with the top busbar parallel to the horizontal plane, the second cylinder 312 is a conical cylinder, the large ends of the two first cylinders 311 are connected, and their axes form a V-shaped structure with an opening upward, and their small ends are respectively connected to the large ends of the two second cylinders 312, and the small ends of the two second cylinders 312 are respectively connected to the two heads 32; the axial length of the tank body 3 is less than or equal to the distance between the two end beams 22, the outer ladder 41 is connected to the outer end face of a head 32, and the running board 43 is arranged at the top of the first cylinder 311 and the second cylinder 312, and is connected to the top of the outer ladder 41.

[0041] The central axes of two adjacent first cylinders 311 and second cylinders 312 are coaxial.

[0042] The outer ladder 41 includes two ladder columns 411 arranged in parallel, eight footrests 412 arranged between the two ladder columns 411, two sets of connecting rods 413 arranged on the two ladder columns 411, and two handrails 414 respectively arranged on the top of the two ladder columns 411; the outer ladder 41 is connected to the outer end face of a head 32 through the connecting rod 413, and protective railings 42 are arranged on both outer sides of the walking board 43.

[0043] Both heads 32 are non-standard elliptical heads, wherein the ratio of the major axis to the minor axis of the ellipse is greater than or equal to 2. Commonly used heads 32 are usually standard butterfly heads. Selecting a non-standard elliptical head for the head 32 can better match it with the cylinder 31.

[0044] The angle α between the bottom generatrix of the two first cylinders 311 and the horizontal plane is 0.4°; the angle β between the bottom generatrix of the two second cylinders 312 and the horizontal plane is 3.8°. The value of α should not be too large or too small. If α>1°, the utilization rate of the bottom space of the tank 3 will be low. If α<0.2°, when the liquid medium in the tank 3 is unloaded, some medium will remain in the tank 3, resulting in incomplete unloading. The value of β should not be too large. If β>4°, it will affect the layout of the various components in the traction pillow device. The manhole is set at the large end connection of the top of the two first cylinders 311.

[0045] The above-mentioned railway tank car with large-capacity tank body has a capacity increase of 7.3m3 compared with the existing technology. 3 (An increase of 9.1% compared to the prior art).

Claims

1. A railway tank car with a large-capacity tank body, comprising two bogies (1), two support bodies (2) respectively arranged on the two bogies (1), a tank body (3) arranged on the two support bodies (2), a liquid collecting nest arranged at the bottom of the tank body (3), an outer ladder (41) arranged on the tank body (3), and a guardrail (42), a walking board (43) and a manhole arranged on the top of the tank body (3), wherein the tank body (3) comprises a cylinder (31) and two heads (32) respectively welded to both ends of the cylinder (31); characterized in that: The two supporting bodies (2) are both traction and pillow devices, each of which comprises two side beams (21), an end beam (22) and a pillow beam (23) connected to the two side beams (21), and a traction beam (24) arranged on the end beam (22) and the pillow beam (23); the upper surface of the pillow beam (23) is an arc-shaped depression that matches the shape of the cylinder (31), and the upper surfaces of the pillow beam (23) and the traction beam (24) are connected to the lower surface of the cylinder (31); The cylinder (31) is a combination of two first cylinders (311) and two second cylinders (312), the first cylinder (311) is a conical cylinder with a top generatrix parallel to a horizontal plane, the second cylinder (312) is a conical cylinder, the large ends of the two first cylinders (311) are connected, and their axes form a V-shaped structure with an opening facing upward, and their small ends are respectively connected to the large ends of the two second cylinders (312), and the small ends of the two second cylinders (312) are respectively connected to the two heads (32); The axial length of the tank body (3) is less than or equal to the distance between the two end beams (22), the outer ladder (41) is connected to the outer end surface of a head (32), and the walking plate (43) is arranged on the top of the first cylinder (311) and the second cylinder (312), and is connected to the top of the outer ladder (41).

2. The railway tank car with a large-capacity tank body according to claim 1, characterized in that: The central axes of two adjacent first cylinders (311) and second cylinders (312) are coaxial.

3. The railway tank car with a large-capacity tank body according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The outer ladder (41) comprises two ladder columns (411) arranged in parallel, a plurality of footrests (412) arranged between the two ladder columns (411), at least two groups of connecting rods (413) arranged on the two ladder columns (411), and two handrails (414) respectively arranged on the top of the two ladder columns (411); the outer ladder (41) is connected to the outer end surface of a head (32) through the connecting rod (413), and guardrails (42) are arranged on both outer sides of the walking board (43).

4. The railway tank car with a large-capacity tank body according to claim 3, characterized in that: The two seal heads (32) are both elliptical seal heads, wherein the ratio of the major axis to the minor axis of the ellipse is greater than or equal to 2.

5. The railway tank car with a large-capacity tank body according to claim 4, characterized in that: The included angle α between the bottom generatrix of the two first cylinders (311) and the horizontal plane satisfies: 0.2°≤α≤1°.

6. The railway tank car with a large-capacity tank body according to claim 5, characterized in that: The included angle β between the bottom generatrix of the two second cylinders (312) and the horizontal plane satisfies: 0<β≤4°.

7. The railway tank car with a large-capacity tank body according to claim 6, characterized in that: The included angle α between the bottom generatrix of the two first cylinders (311) and the horizontal plane is 0.4°; the included angle β between the bottom generatrix of the two second cylinders (312) and the horizontal plane is 3.8°.

8. The railway tank car with a large-capacity tank body according to claim 1, characterized in that: The liquid collecting cavity is arranged at the center of the bottom of the tank body (3).

9. The railway tank car with a large-capacity tank body according to claim 1, characterized in that: The manhole is arranged at the connection of the large ends of the tops of the two first cylinders (311).

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