Pneumatic spray gun and spraying method for solid waste cementitious materials

Abstract

The present invention relates to a pneumatic spray gun and a method for spraying solid waste cementitious materials. The pneumatic spray gun includes a first pipe body, one end of which is a first inlet; a second pipe body connected to the other end of the first pipe body; the included angle formed by the axis of the second pipe body and the axis of the first pipe body is 110° to 150°; a third pipe body connected to the second pipe body; the axis of the third pipe body is parallel to the axis of the first pipe body; a fourth pipe body connected to the third pipe body; a material outlet is provided at one end of the fourth pipe body; the method steps are as follows: the solid waste gel material enters the spray gun and is conveyed to the second pipe body; the admixture and compressed air enter the second pipe body, are stirred and mixed with the solid waste gel material, and are sprayed through the material outlet. The technical problem to be solved is to realize the spraying of solid waste cementitious materials by wet mixing method under the agitation of compressed air, so that the admixture and the spraying material can not only be fully mixed in the spray gun during the spraying process, but also meet the high-speed spraying requirements of the solid waste cementitious materials, thus being more suitable for practical use.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of solid waste cementitious material equipment manufacturing, and particularly relates to a pneumatic spray gun and a spraying method for solid waste cementitious materials. Background Art

[0002] High-speed sprayed solid waste cementitious materials are mainly used in fields such as tunnel support, foundation pit support, and high-temperature kiln furnace repair. Traditional high-speed sprayed solid waste cementitious materials are mostly constructed by the dry mixing method. However, a large amount of dust is easily generated at the construction site, which not only causes great pollution to the construction environment but also seriously affects the physical health of construction workers.

[0003] Currently, the construction process of high-speed sprayed solid waste cementitious materials has been increasingly replaced by the wet mixing method. However, since high-speed sprayed solid waste cementitious materials need to quickly set, additives required for the quick setting of solid waste cementitious materials cannot be added in advance during wet mixing construction. Therefore, corresponding additives need to be added together with wet solid waste cementitious materials during wet mixing construction to achieve the quick setting of solid waste cementitious materials. However, there are drawbacks such as insufficient mixing of solid waste cementitious materials and additives, segregation and delamination, and low spraying speed in this on-site mixing and using wet mixing method construction. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a pneumatic spray gun and a spraying method for solid waste cementitious materials. The technical problem to be solved is to achieve the spraying of solid waste cementitious materials by the wet mixing method under the agitation of compressed air, so that the additives and spraying materials can not only be fully mixed in the spray gun during the spraying process but also meet the high-speed spraying requirements of solid waste cementitious materials, thus being more suitable for practical use.

[0005] The purpose of the present invention and the solution to its technical problems are achieved by adopting the following technical solutions. A pneumatic spray gun according to the present invention includes:

[0006] A first pipe body, one end of which is a first inlet;

[0007] A second pipe body, connected to the other end of the first pipe body; the included angle formed by the axis of the second pipe body and the axis of the first pipe body is 110° - 150°;

[0008] A third pipe body, connected to the second pipe body; the axis of the third pipe body is parallel to the axis of the first pipe body;

[0009] A fourth pipe body, connected to the third pipe body; a material outlet is provided at one end of the fourth pipe body.

[0010] The purpose of the present invention and the solution to its technical problems can also be further realized by adopting the following technical measures.

[0011] Preferably, in the pneumatic spray gun described above, rifling is provided on the inner walls of both the second tube body and the third tube body.

[0012] Preferably, in the pneumatic spray gun described above, the axes of the first tube body, the second tube body, the third tube body, and the fourth tube body are all in the same plane.

[0013] Preferably, in the pneumatic spray gun described above, a second inlet is provided on the tube wall of the second tube body; the spray gun further includes:

[0014] An admixture addition tube, connected to the second tube body through the second inlet;

[0015] A compressed air inlet tube, connected to the second tube body through the second inlet.

[0016] Preferably, in the pneumatic spray gun described above, the axis of the admixture addition tube and the axis of the second tube body are in the same plane, and the two form an angle of 30° to 35°.

[0017] Preferably, in the pneumatic spray gun described above, the axis of the compressed air inlet tube is arranged at an angle of 30° to 35° with the axis of the second tube body; the axis of the compressed air inlet tube and the axis of the admixture addition tube form an angle of 30° to 35°.

[0018] Preferably, in the pneumatic spray gun described above, the angle formed by the axis of the second tube body and the axis of the first tube body is 120° to 125°.

[0019] Preferably, in the pneumatic spray gun described above, the connections between the first tube body, the second tube body, the third tube body, and the fourth tube body are all detachably connected by threads.

[0020] Preferably, in the pneumatic spray gun described above, the first tube body, the second tube body, and the third tube body are connected by welding; the fourth tube body and the third tube body are detachably connected by threads.

[0021] Preferably, in the pneumatic spray gun described above, the first tube body, the second tube body, the third tube body, the admixture addition tube, and the compressed air inlet tube are all of cylindrical structure;

[0022] The fourth tube body is of a conical structure, with the end connected to the third tube body being the large end and the end provided with the material outlet being the small end; the diameter of the small end is smaller than the diameter of the large end.

[0023] Preferably, for the pneumatic spray gun described above, the dimensional differences in the diameters of the first tube body, the second tube body, and the third tube body are ≤ 1%; the ratio of the small end diameter to the large end diameter of the fourth tube body is 1:1.98 - 2.02; the ratio of the diameter of the admixture addition tube to the diameter of the first tube body is 1:4.95 - 5.05; the ratio of the diameter of the compressed air inlet tube to the diameter of the second tube body is 3:99 - 101.

[0024] The object of the present invention and the solution to its technical problems are also achieved by the following technical solutions. A method for spraying solid waste cementitious materials proposed according to the present invention, using the pneumatic spray gun as described above, includes the following steps:

[0025] The solid waste gel material without admixture enters the spray gun through the first inlet, and after passing through the first tube body, it is transported to the second tube body;

[0026] The admixture enters the second tube body through the second inlet;

[0027] Compressed air enters the second tube body through the second inlet; the compressed air carries the admixture and is successively stirred and mixed with the solid waste gel material in the second tube body and the third tube body, and the mixed material enters the fourth tube body and is sprayed through the material outlet.

[0028] By means of the above technical solutions, a pneumatic spray gun and a method for spraying solid waste cementitious materials proposed by the present invention have at least the following advantages:

[0029] 1. For the pneumatic spray gun and the method for spraying solid waste cementitious materials proposed by the present invention, the key point is to segment the gun body of the spray gun. An inclined second tube body is provided between the first tube body and the third tube body. Through the setting of this inclined tube body, the material to be sprayed is stirred and mixed in the gun body, rather than being directly transmitted to the nozzle outlet for spraying. This enables the solid waste cementitious material and the admixture to be first mixed once in the second tube body under the agitation of compressed air, then enter the third tube body for secondary mixing, and finally achieve accelerated spraying through the conical spray gun outlet. Thus, it is possible to realize that the admixture and the spraying material do not need to be premixed. There will be no problems of dust pollution in the dry mixing method and harm to the health of construction workers, nor the drawbacks in the traditional wet mixing method such as limited construction time for premixing the admixture, insufficient mixing, segregation and stratification of the solid waste cementitious material and the admixture, and low spraying speed. It realizes a wet mixing process in which the admixture and the spraying material can be fully mixed in the spray gun during the spraying process, and at the same time can meet the high-speed spraying requirements of the solid waste cementitious material;

[0030] 2. The pneumatic spray gun and the spraying method of solid waste cementitious material proposed by the present invention, in which the admixture addition pipe and the compressed air inlet pipe enter the gun body through a shared second inlet, so that the admixture can always move along with the carrying of the compressed air, thereby realizing the stirring and mixing between the admixture and the spraying material; at the same time, rifling is provided in the second pipe body and the third pipe body, so that the movement track of the material in the gun body is not a linear movement, but the compressed air carries the mixed material to rotate at a high speed in a spiral manner in the second pipe body and the third pipe body. On the one hand, it prolongs the residence time of the material in the gun body, and on the other hand, the mixed material can rotate at a high speed and be fully stirred, thereby realizing the full mixing between the admixture and the solid waste gel material, and the stirring and mixing effect is good, the admixture is evenly distributed, and the quality of the spraying material is improved;

[0031] 3. The pneumatic spray gun and the spraying method of solid waste cementitious material proposed by the present invention have a simple structure. Only by defining the dimensional ratio relationship between the pipe bodies and the relative position relationship between the pipelines, by defining the angles between the second pipe body and the first pipe body and the third pipe body, the angle between the admixture addition pipe and the second pipe body, the angles between the compressed air inlet pipe and the admixture addition pipe and the second pipe body, and defining that the dimensional difference of the diameters of the first pipe body, the second pipe body and the third pipe body ≤ 1%; the ratio of the small end diameter to the large end diameter of the fourth pipe body is 1:1.98 - 2.02; the ratio of the diameter of the admixture addition pipe to the diameter of the first pipe body is 1:4.95 - 5.05; the ratio of the diameter of the compressed air inlet pipe to the diameter of the second pipe body is 3:99 - 101. Without setting a motor drive, only by the movement of the compressed air carrying the material in the gun body, the full mixing and high-speed spraying of the solid waste gel material can be realized. At the same time, the pipe bodies of each section are detachably connected, which is convenient for cleaning and maintenance, and is very convenient for disassembly and assembly during on-site construction, and has strong practicability.

[0032] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of the present invention. In order to be able to understand the technical means of the present invention more clearly and implement it according to the content of the specification, the following takes the preferred embodiments of the present invention and combines with the drawings to describe in detail as follows. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] Figure 1 is the front view structural schematic diagram of the pneumatic spray gun proposed by the present invention;

[0034] Figure 2 is the top view structural schematic diagram of the pneumatic spray gun proposed by the present invention;

[0035] Figure 3 is the left view structural schematic diagram of the pneumatic spray gun proposed by the present invention;

[0036] Figure 4 is the structural schematic diagram of the fourth pipe body of the pneumatic spray gun proposed by the present invention;

[0037] Figure 5 It is a schematic structural view of the third pipe body of the pneumatic spray gun proposed by the present invention. Detailed implementation manners

[0038] To further elaborate on the technical means and effects adopted by the present invention to achieve the intended invention purpose, the following combines the drawings and preferred embodiments to detail the specific implementation manners, structures, features and effects of a pneumatic spray gun and a method for spraying solid waste cementitious materials proposed according to the present invention as follows.

[0039] The present invention proposes a pneumatic spray gun, as shown in the attached Figure 1 to the attached Figure 5 shown, which includes:

[0040] A first pipe body 1, one end of which is a first inlet; a thread is provided at the end where the first inlet is provided for connecting the injection material input pipeline;

[0041] A second pipe body 6, connecting the other end of the first pipe body 1; the included angle formed by the axis of the second pipe body 6 and the axis of the first pipe body 1 is 110° to 150°;

[0042] A third pipe body 5, connecting the second pipe body 6; the axis of the third pipe body 5 is parallel to the axis of the first pipe body 1;

[0043] A fourth pipe body 4, connecting the third pipe body 5; a material outlet is provided at one end of the fourth pipe body 4 for spraying the injection material.

[0044] The first inlet is used for the solid waste gel material to enter the spray gun, so it is also called the injection material inlet. The first pipe body 1, the third pipe body 5 and the fourth pipe body 4 are arranged in parallel, and the second pipe body 6 is arranged obliquely.

[0045] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, rifling is provided on the inner walls of both the second pipe body 6 and the third pipe body 5.

[0046] The rifling refers to the lines arranged in a spiral shape with concavities and convexities inside the pipe body. By providing rifling on the inner walls of the second pipe body and the third pipe body of the spray gun of the present invention, the pneumatic spray gun does not need to be driven by a motor. Only through the inclined setting of the second pipe body 6 and the flow guiding of the rifling in the pipe body, under the drive of compressed air, the injection material can be rotated at a high speed in the spray gun barrel, so that the materials in the pipe body can be stirred evenly, and the injection speed of the injection material can be effectively increased, improving the construction efficiency. The setting form of the rifling in the pneumatic spray gun can adopt the conventional design in the art and is not specifically limited in the present invention.

[0047] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the axes of the first pipe body 1, the second pipe body 6, the third pipe body 5, and the fourth pipe body 4 are all in the same plane.

[0048] The above four pipe bodies are connected in sequence and are all in the same plane. When viewed from the projection of this plane, the axes of the four pipe bodies coincide, as shown in the appendix Figure 2 shown. The reasons for such a structural arrangement are mainly based on two considerations. On the one hand, the second pipe body 6 is set as an inclined pipe, so that the second pipe body 6 is arranged at a certain angle with other pipe bodies. This is to create appropriate resistance for the spraying material when the admixture enters the pipe body along with the compressed air. This non-linear design prevents the admixture and the spraying material from being transported to the material outlet without sufficient stirring, resulting in uneven spraying of the material. On the other hand, the inclination angle of the second pipe body 6 is limited so that the formed angle is not too large, and the axes of the four pipe bodies coincide in projection, aiming to reduce the resistance of the material in the spray gun and make it easy to be sprayed.

[0049] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a second inlet is provided on the wall of the second pipe body 6; the spray gun further includes: an admixture addition pipe 2, which is connected to the second pipe body 6 through the second inlet; and a compressed air inlet pipe 3, which is connected to the second pipe body 6 through the second inlet.

[0050] The admixture is not added in advance in the wet-mixed material to avoid the material being unable to be constructed due to its rapid setting; the admixture is added to the spray gun along with the compressed air during the material spraying process. Through the pressure control of the compressed air and the structural arrangement of the spray gun, the admixture and the spraying material rotate and stir at a high speed along the angle of the rifling in the second pipe body 6 and the third pipe body 5, and after being mixed evenly, they enter the fourth pipe body 4 and are sprayed out from the material outlet provided at one end of the fourth pipe body 4.

[0051] Both the admixture addition pipe 2 and the compressed air inlet pipe 3 are connected to the second pipe body 6 through the second inlet. The purpose of sharing the inlet is that the compressed air can carry the admixture to rotate and stir at the first time of the admixture addition, improving the mixing effect.

[0052] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the axis of the admixture addition pipe 2 and the axis of the second pipe body 6 are in the same plane, and they form an angle of 30 - 35°.

[0053] The orientation setting of the admixture addition pipe 2 is designed to facilitate the mixing of the admixture with the spraying material. Therefore, the included angle formed should be as small as possible to ensure good mixing. However, considering the operational convenience of the admixture addition pipe 2 and the second pipe body 6 during installation, the preferred included angle between the two in the present invention is 30 - 35°.

[0054] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the axis of the compressed air inlet pipe 3 is arranged at an angle of 30 - 35° with the axis of the second pipe body 6, as shown in the attached Figure 2 figure; the axis of the compressed air inlet pipe 3 forms an included angle of 30 - 35° with the axis of the admixture addition pipe 2, as shown in the attached Figure 3 figure.

[0055] The orientation setting of the compressed air inlet pipe 3 is mainly used to control the wind direction. The angle of the included angle formed by the axis of the compressed air inlet pipe 3 and the axis of the second pipe body 6 is crucial. The smaller the included angle between the two, the smaller the resistance when the compressed air enters the second pipe body, which is more convenient. However, if the included angle is too small, on the one hand, the installation of the pipeline is more difficult, and on the other hand, the residence time of the compressed air at the elbow is too short, which may cause the compressed air to flow directly along the rifling on the inner wall of the second pipe body to the downstream, reducing the effect of the compressed air on rotating and stirring the admixture, resulting in poor mixing effect of the admixture. The technical solution of the present invention preferably forms an included angle of 30 - 35° between the two.

[0056] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the included angle formed by the axis of the second pipe body 6 and the axis of the first pipe body 1 is 120° - 125°.

[0057] The above technical solution controls the included angles formed by the second pipe body 6 with the first pipe body 1 and the third pipe body 5, and strictly defines the relative positional relationship between the admixture addition pipe 2, the compressed air inlet pipe 3 and the second pipe body 6, artificially setting a certain resistance in the spray gun, so that the gelling material can stay in the spray gun sufficiently to ensure full mixing of the materials, and can be sprayed out before the gelling material sets. The spray gun can not only fully mix the materials but also better spray the solid waste gel material.

[0058] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the connections between the first pipe body 1, the second pipe body 6, the third pipe body 5 and the fourth pipe body 4 are all detachably connected by threads, as shown in the attached Figure 4 figure and the attached Figure 5 figure.

[0059] The detachable connection between each section of the pipe body is convenient for cleaning and storing the spray gun; at the same time, all connections adopt threaded connections, which can be quickly connected at the construction site conveniently during construction.

[0060] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the first pipe body 1, the second pipe body 6 and the third pipe body 5 are connected by welding; the fourth pipe body 4 and the third pipe body 5 are detachably connected by threads, as shown in the attached Figure 4 and the attached Figure 5 figure.

[0061] The first pipe body 1, the second pipe body 6 and the third pipe body 5 are connected by welding, aiming to reduce the assembly operation of the operator at the construction site, and the operation is more convenient and fast. The threaded connection between the fourth pipe body 4 and the third pipe body 5 is designed to make it more convenient to replace the nozzle, so that the spray gun can be suitable for a variety of different nozzles and is convenient for spraying a variety of different spraying materials.

[0062] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the first pipe body 1, the second pipe body 6, the third pipe body 5, the admixture addition pipe 2 and the compressed air inlet pipe 3 are all cylindrical structures; the fourth pipe body 4 is a conical structure, the end connected to the third pipe body 5 is the large end, and the end provided with the material outlet is the small end; the diameter of the small end is smaller than the diameter of the large end.

[0063] The setting of the conical structure aims to increase the spraying speed of the spray gun for the solid waste cementitious material.

[0064] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the dimensional difference in the diameters of the first pipe body 1, the second pipe body 6 and the third pipe body 5 ≤ 1%; the ratio of the small end diameter to the large end diameter of the fourth pipe body 4 is 1:1.98 - 2.02; the ratio of the diameter of the admixture addition pipe 2 to the diameter of the first pipe body 1 is 1:4.95 - 5.05; the ratio of the diameter of the compressed air inlet pipe 3 to the diameter of the second pipe body 6 is 3:99 - 101.

[0065] The diameters of the first pipe body 1, the second pipe body 6 and the third pipe body 5 and the large end diameter of the fourth pipe body 4 are required to be equal so that they can cooperate well when connected to each other. The ratio of the small end to the large end of the fourth pipe body 4 is about 1:2, so that the material outlet end of the fourth pipe body 4 is smaller, increasing the material spraying speed. The admixture addition pipe 2 is thinner, and the ratio of its diameter to the diameter of the second pipe body 6 is preferably about 1:5; after the pipe diameter ratio and the material flow rate are matched, the most suitable ratio relationship between the admixture and the solid waste gel material in the spraying material can be obtained. The compressed air pipe is the thinnest, and its diameter is only about three percent of the diameter of the second pipe body. This ratio setting is a preference based on the air supply volume and pressure level of the spraying material and the ability to fully mix the material and spray the material at high speed.

[0066] The diameters of the first pipe body 1, the second pipe body 6, the third pipe body 5, the fourth pipe body 4, the admixture addition pipe 2, and the compressed air inlet pipe 3 described above can be adjusted according to the production design per unit time, that is, their sizes can be scaled proportionally according to the cross-sectional area.

[0067] The present invention also provides a method for spraying solid waste cementitious materials, which uses a pneumatic spray gun as described in the foregoing embodiments, and includes the following steps: The solid waste gel material without admixture enters the spray gun through the first inlet, and is transported to the second pipe body after passing through the first pipe body; the admixture enters the second pipe body through the second inlet; the compressed air enters the second pipe body through the second inlet; the compressed air carries the admixture and is successively stirred and mixed with the solid waste gel material in the second pipe body and the third pipe body, and the mixed material enters the fourth pipe body and is sprayed through the material outlet.

[0068] The technical features in the claims and / or the specification of the present invention can be combined, and the combination method is not limited to the combination obtained through the citation relationship in the claims. The technical solutions obtained by combining the technical features in the claims and / or the specification also fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0069] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and does not impose any form of limitation on the present invention. Any simple modification, equivalent change, and modification made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention still fall within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. An airbrush, characterized in that, It includes: A first pipe body, one end of which is a first inlet; A second pipe body, connected to the other end of the first pipe body; The included angle formed by the axis of the second pipe body and the axis of the first pipe body is 110° to 150°; A third pipe body, connected to the second pipe body; the axis of the third pipe body is parallel to the axis of the first pipe body; A fourth pipe body, connected to the third pipe body; a material outlet is provided at one end of the fourth pipe body; Rifling is provided on the inner walls of both the second pipe body and the third pipe body; A second inlet is provided on the pipe wall of the second pipe body; the spray gun further includes: An admixture addition pipe, connected to the second pipe body through the second inlet; A compressed air inlet pipe, connected to the second pipe body through the second inlet; The axis of the admixture addition pipe and the axis of the second pipe body are in the same plane, and the included angle between them is 30° to 35°; The axis of the compressed air inlet pipe is arranged at an angle of 30° to 35° with the axis of the second pipe body; the axis of the compressed air inlet pipe forms an included angle of 30° to 35° with the axis of the admixture addition pipe; The connections between the first pipe body, the second pipe body, the third pipe body and the fourth pipe body are all detachably connected by threads.

2. The airbrush according to claim 1, characterized in that, The axes of the first pipe body, the second pipe body, the third pipe body and the fourth pipe body are all in the same plane.

3. The pneumatic spray gun according to claim 1, wherein, The included angle formed by the axis of the second pipe body and the axis of the first pipe body is 120° to 125°.

4. The airbrush according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first pipe body, the second pipe body and the third pipe body are connected by welding; the fourth pipe body and the third pipe body are detachably connected by threads.

5. The airbrush according to claim 4, characterized in that, The first pipe body, the second pipe body, the third pipe body, the admixture addition pipe and the compressed air inlet pipe are all of cylindrical structure; The fourth pipe body is of a conical structure, the end connected to the third pipe body is the large end, and the end provided with the material outlet is the small end; the diameter of the small end is smaller than the diameter of the large end.

6. The airbrush according to claim 5, wherein The dimensional differences in the diameters of the first pipe body, the second pipe body and the third pipe body are ≤1%; the ratio of the diameter of the small end to the diameter of the large end of the fourth pipe body is 1:1.98 to 2.02; the ratio of the diameter of the admixture addition pipe to the diameter of the first pipe body is 1:4.95 to 5.05; the ratio of the diameter of the compressed air inlet pipe to the diameter of the second pipe body is 3:99 to 101.

7. A spraying method for solid waste cementitious materials, applying the pneumatic spray gun as described in any one of claims 2 to 6, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: The solid waste gel material without admixture enters the spray gun through the first inlet, and is conveyed to the second pipe body after passing through the first pipe body; The admixture enters the second pipe body through the second inlet; The compressed air enters the second pipe body through the second inlet; the compressed air carries the admixture and is successively stirred and mixed with the solid waste gel material in the second pipe body and the third pipe body, and the mixed material enters the fourth pipe body and is sprayed through the material outlet.

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