Evacuation passage layout structure under the lane slab of highway tunnel

Abstract

The present invention provides an evacuation passage layout structure under the lane slab of a highway tunnel, which includes a tunnel main body. Both ends of the tunnel main body are connected to working wells. A lane slab is provided in the tunnel main body. The tunnel main body is divided into upper and lower layers by the lane slab. The upper layer is a vehicle lane. In the lower layer of the tunnel main body, a slide room / stairwell, an evacuation passage, a rescue lane, and a pipe gallery are arranged side by side in sequence. The slide room / staircase, the evacuation passage, the rescue lane, and the pipe gallery are separated from each other. A lane evacuation opening is provided between the vehicle lane and the slide room / stairwell. A first fire door is provided between the slide room / stairwell and the evacuation passage. A second fire door is provided between the evacuation passage and the rescue lane. Rescue vehicle entrances and exits are provided at both ends of the rescue lane. In the present invention, the evacuation passage is independently arranged, ensuring the sealing of the evacuation passage, facilitating the maintenance of the positive pressure state of the entire passage, and avoiding air leakage on both sides.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the fields of highway tunnel safety evacuation and building smoke prevention, and particularly relates to an evacuation passage layout structure under a highway tunnel lane slab. Background Art

[0002] Currently, in the field of underwater highway tunnels, single-layer shield tunnels generally adopt the evacuation method under the lane slab. An evacuation passage (for passing rescue vehicles and pedestrians), a stairwell / slideway, and a corridor are provided under the lane slab. At regular intervals along the carriageway, a lane evacuation opening is provided, and the lane evacuation opening is connected to the stairwell / slideway under the slab. When a fire breaks out in the tunnel, people enter the stairwell / slideway through the lane evacuation opening, and then enter the evacuation passage from the stairwell / slideway to escape towards the working shafts at both ends of the tunnel. To ensure the safety of personnel evacuation, it is necessary to ensure that the evacuation passage maintains a positive pressure state. Generally, a pressurizing fan is installed at the working shafts at both ends of the tunnel to pressurize and supply air to the evacuation passage.

[0003] The above-mentioned evacuation passage setting method has three major problems when applied to long tunnels and extra-long tunnel projects: ① The effect of pressurized air supply is poor. The two ends of the safety passage are not closed. To allow rescue vehicles to enter and exit the tunnel entrances and exits, a large amount of pressurized air supply airflow is released to the outside through the two ends; ② The cross-section and volume of the evacuation passage are large, resulting in a very large calculated value of the pressurized air supply volume. There are problems such as a large capacity of ventilation equipment, insufficient installation space, and difficulty in selecting fans. At the same time, there is also a problem that the air velocity in the cross-section of the evacuation passage is too large, affecting the evacuation and passage of personnel; ③ There are many air leakage points in the evacuation passage, and it is difficult to maintain a positive pressure in the overall safety passage, which poses a certain safety hazard to personnel evacuation. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an evacuation passage layout structure under a highway tunnel lane slab, which solves the problems of poor pressurized air supply effect, difficult positive pressure maintenance, difficult equipment selection, large installation space, and poor safety of personnel evacuation in the traditional evacuation passage setting form. At the same time, it does not need to damage and affect the overall structure under the highway tunnel lane slab, and has the advantages of good pressurized air supply effect, good positive pressure maintenance effect in the passage, safety and reliability. It can effectively prevent tunnel smoke from entering the escape passage, provide a convenient passage for personnel evacuation, and improve the operation safety and fire prevention and disaster resistance capabilities of long tunnels and extra-long tunnels.

[0005] The present invention is implemented as follows:

[0006] The present invention provides an evacuation passage layout structure under the lane slab of a highway tunnel, including a tunnel main body. Both ends of the tunnel main body are connected to working wells. A lane slab is provided in the tunnel main body. The tunnel main body is divided into upper and lower layers by the lane slab. The upper layer is a vehicle lane. In the lower layer of the tunnel main body, a slide room or a stairwell, an evacuation passage, a rescue lane, and a utility tunnel are arranged side by side in sequence. The slide room or stairwell, the evacuation passage, the rescue lane, and the utility tunnel are separated from each other. A lane evacuation opening is provided between the vehicle lane and the slide room or stairwell. A first fire door is provided between the slide room or stairwell and the evacuation passage. A second fire door is provided between the evacuation passage and the rescue lane. Rescue vehicle entrances and exits are provided at both ends of the rescue lane.

[0007] Further, a well-internal pressurization machine room is provided in the working well. The well-internal pressurization machine room is connected to a fresh air well leading to the ground. The well-internal pressurization machine room is provided with a pressurized air supply fan. The pressurized air supply fan directly acts on the evacuation passage through a pressurized air supply duct.

[0008] Further, a tunnel-internal pressurization machine room is provided in the tunnel main body. The tunnel-internal pressurization machine room is connected to the rescue lane. The tunnel-internal pressurization machine room is provided with a pressurized air supply fan. The pressurized air supply fan directly acts on the evacuation passage through a pressurized air supply duct.

[0009] Further, the tunnel-internal pressurization machine room is arranged in the middle of the evacuation passage, separating the evacuation passage into front and rear parts. The tunnel-internal pressurization machine room is provided with two pressurized air supply fans. The two pressurized air supply fans respectively act on the front and rear parts of the evacuation passage through pressurized air supply ducts.

[0010] Further, the tunnel-internal pressurization machine room is arranged on one side of the rescue lane. The tunnel-internal pressurization machine room is provided with at least one pressurized air supply fan and acts on the middle of the evacuation passage through a pressurized air supply duct.

[0011] Further, a pressure relief valve is provided between the evacuation passage and the slide room or stairwell.

[0012] Further, a plurality of the lane evacuation openings, the first fire doors, and the second fire doors are all arranged at certain intervals.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0014] (1) In the present invention, the evacuation passage is independently arranged, ensuring the sealing of the evacuation passage, facilitating the maintenance of the positive pressure state of the entire passage, and avoiding air leakage on both sides; (2) The arrangement of the pressurization machine room in the shaft and the pressurization machine room in the tunnel further divides the evacuation passage into multiple sections, effectively reducing the pressurized air supply volume of the evacuation passage, facilitating the reduction of the air volume selected for the fan and saving the equipment installation space, reducing the cross-sectional wind speed of the evacuation passage, and saving the initial investment in engineering equipment and civil engineering; (3) The arrangement of the pressurization machine room in the shaft and the pressurization machine room in the tunnel ensures the overall positive pressure maintenance performance of the evacuation passage of the long tunnel, effectively preventing smoke from invading the evacuation passage, and ensuring the safety of personnel evacuation; (4) The present invention has the advantages of convenient construction and simple structure. It is not necessary to damage the civil engineering structure under the lane slab of the shield tunnel, and the smoke prevention system of the existing tunnel can be conveniently transformed. It is also applicable to the design and construction of new tunnels. Description of the Drawings

[0015] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the layout structure of the evacuation passage under the lane slab of the highway tunnel provided by the present invention;

[0016] Figure 2 It is a cross-sectional view of the layout structure of the evacuation passage under the lane slab of the highway tunnel provided by the present invention.

[0017] Description of the reference numerals: 100 - tunnel main body; 1 - working shaft; 2 - slide room or staircase; 3 - evacuation passage; 4 - rescue lane; 5 - pipe gallery; 6 - lane evacuation opening; 7 - first fire door; 8 - second fire door; 9 - rescue vehicle entrance and exit; 10 - pressurization machine room in the shaft; 11 - pressurization machine room in the tunnel; 12 - fresh air shaft; 13 - pressurized air supply fan; 14 - pressurized air supply duct; 15 - pressure relief valve; 16 - carriageway; 17 - lane slab. Detailed Embodiments

[0018] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0019] Such as Figure 1 And Figure 2As shown in the figure, an evacuation passage layout structure under the lane slab of a highway tunnel provided by an embodiment of the present invention includes a tunnel main body 100. Both ends of the tunnel main body 100 are connected to a working well 1. A lane slab 17 is provided in the tunnel main body 100. The tunnel main body 100 is divided into upper and lower layers by the lane slab 17. The upper layer is a vehicle lane 16, and the lower layer is sequentially provided with a slide room or a stairwell 2, an evacuation passage 3, a rescue lane 4, and a pipe gallery 5 side by side. The slide room or stairwell 2, the evacuation passage 3, the rescue lane 4, and the pipe gallery 5 are separated from each other. The evacuation passage 3 is independently arranged, ensuring the sealing of the evacuation passage 3, which is beneficial to maintaining the positive pressure state of the entire evacuation passage 3 and avoiding air leakage on both sides. A lane evacuation opening 6 is provided between the vehicle lane 16 and the slide room or stairwell 2. A first fire door 7 is provided between the slide room or stairwell 2 and the evacuation passage 3. A second fire door 8 is provided between the evacuation passage 3 and the rescue lane 4. Rescue vehicle entrances and exits 9 are provided at both ends of the rescue lane 4. Preferably, a plurality of the lane evacuation openings 6, the first fire doors 7, and the second fire doors 8 are provided at certain intervals. The evacuation passage 3 of the present invention is separately partitioned and is located between the slide room or stairwell 2 and the rescue lane 4. The cross-sectional area and volume of the evacuation passage 3 are greatly reduced. The evacuation passage 3 is separated into a closed space by partition walls and fire doors. In case of a fire, people can enter the slide room or stairwell 2 through the lane evacuation opening 6, then open the first fire door 7 to enter the evacuation passage 3 and escape towards the working well 1, or open the second fire door 8 to enter the rescue lane 4 and wait for rescue vehicles to escape.

[0020] Preferably, the working shaft 1 is provided with a shaft pressurization room 10, which is connected to a fresh air shaft 12 leading to the ground, and is provided with a pressurized air blower 13, which directly acts on the evacuation passage 3 through a pressurized air supply pipe 14. Further preferably, the tunnel main body 100 is provided with a tunnel pressurization room 11, which is connected to the rescue lane 4, and is provided with a pressurized air blower 13, which directly acts on the evacuation passage 3 through a pressurized air supply pipe 14. The pressurized air supply fan 13 of the pressurized machine room 10 in the shaft can take air from the fresh air shaft 12 in the working shaft 1 and transport fresh air to the evacuation channel 3 through the pressurized air supply pipe 14. The pressurized air supply fan 13 of the pressurized machine room 11 in the tunnel can take air from the rescue lane 4 and transport fresh air to the evacuation channel 3 through the pressurized air supply pipe 14, ensuring that the evacuation channel 3 maintains a positive pressure state and avoids smoke from invading the personnel escape channel; the evacuation channel 3 is independently set up, and there is no air leakage from the rescue vehicle entrance and exit 9; the setting of the pressurized machine room 10 in the shaft and the pressurized machine room 11 in the tunnel further divides the evacuation channel 3 into multiple sections, realizes segmented air supply, ensures the effectiveness of pressurized air supply, reduces the air volume of a single pressurized air supply equipment, ensures the maintenance of the overall positive pressure of the evacuation channel 3 in a long tunnel, and solves the problems of insufficient equipment installation space, difficulty in fan selection, and poor safety of personnel evacuation.

[0021] As an implementation of the pressurized machine room 11 in the tunnel, the pressurized machine room 11 in the tunnel is arranged in the middle of the evacuation passage 3, dividing the evacuation passage 3 into two parts, front and rear, and the pressurized machine room 11 in the tunnel is provided with two pressurized air blowers 13, and the two pressurized air blowers 13 act on the front and rear parts of the evacuation passage 3 through pressurized air supply pipes 14 respectively. As another implementation of the pressurized machine room 11 in the tunnel, the pressurized machine room 11 in the tunnel is arranged on one side of the rescue lane 4, and the pressurized machine room 11 in the tunnel is provided with at least one pressurized air blower 13 and acts on the middle of the evacuation passage 3 through pressurized air supply pipes 14. Both of the above implementations realize further dividing the evacuation passage 3 into multiple sections, and realize segmented air supply.

[0022] Further optimized, a residual pressure valve 15 is provided between the evacuation passage 3 and the slide room or stairwell 2. A residual pressure valve 15 is provided between the evacuation passage 3 and the slide room or stairwell 2, which can ensure that a certain positive pressure state is maintained in the evacuation passage 3, avoiding the problem of excessive pressure making it difficult to push open the fire door, and further ensuring the safety of personnel evacuation.

[0023] In summary, the evacuation channel arrangement structure under the road tunnel lane slab provided by the embodiment of the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0024] (1) In the present invention, the evacuation passage 3 is independently arranged, ensuring the sealing of the evacuation passage 3, which is beneficial to maintaining the positive pressure state of the entire passage and avoiding air leakage on both sides; (2) The arrangement of the pressurization machine room 10 in the shaft and the pressurization machine room 11 in the tunnel further divides the evacuation passage 3 into multiple sections, effectively reducing the air supply volume for pressurization of the evacuation passage 3, which is beneficial to reducing the air volume required for fan selection and saving the equipment installation space, reducing the cross-sectional wind speed of the evacuation passage 3, and saving the initial investment in engineering equipment and civil engineering; (3) The arrangement of the pressurization machine room 10 in the shaft and the pressurization machine room 11 in the tunnel ensures the overall positive pressure maintenance performance of the evacuation passage 3 in the long tunnel, effectively avoiding the intrusion of smoke into the evacuation passage 3 and ensuring the safety of personnel evacuation; (4) The present invention has the advantages of convenient construction and simple structure. It is not necessary to damage the civil engineering structure under the lane slab 17 of the shield tunnel, and the smoke prevention system of the existing tunnel can be conveniently transformed. It is also applicable to the design and construction of new tunnels.

[0025] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An evacuation passage layout structure under the lane slab of a highway tunnel, including a tunnel main body. Both ends of the tunnel main body are connected to working wells. A lane slab is provided in the tunnel main body. The tunnel main body is divided into upper and lower layers by the lane slab. The upper layer is a vehicle lane, and it is characterized in that: The lower layer of the tunnel main body is successively provided with a slide room or a stairwell, an evacuation passage, a rescue lane, and a utility tunnel in parallel. The slide room or the stairwell, the evacuation passage, the rescue lane, and the utility tunnel are separated from each other. There is a lane evacuation opening between the roadway and the slide room or the stairwell. There is a first fire door between the slide room or the stairwell and the evacuation passage. There is a second fire door between the evacuation passage and the rescue lane. There are rescue vehicle entrances and exits at both ends of the rescue lane; There is a tunnel internal pressurization machine room in the tunnel main body. The tunnel internal pressurization machine room is connected to the rescue lane. The tunnel internal pressurization machine room is provided with a pressurized air supply fan. The pressurized air supply fan directly acts on the evacuation passage through a pressurized air supply duct; The tunnel internal pressurization machine room is arranged in the middle of the evacuation passage, separating the evacuation passage into two parts, front and back. The tunnel internal pressurization machine room is provided with two pressurized air supply fans. The two pressurized air supply fans respectively act on the front and back parts of the evacuation passage through pressurized air supply ducts; There is a well internal pressurization machine room in the working well. The well internal pressurization machine room is connected to the fresh air well leading to the ground. The well internal pressurization machine room is provided with a pressurized air supply fan. The pressurized air supply fan directly acts on the evacuation passage through a pressurized air supply duct; There is a pressure relief valve between the evacuation passage and the slide room or the stairwell.

2. The evacuation passage layout structure under the lane slab of the highway tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of the lane evacuation openings, the first fire doors, and the second fire doors are arranged at certain intervals.

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