A cavity dynamic sealing structure

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of sealing devices, and in particular to a cavity dynamic sealing structure, comprising: a first elastic filling member; a first support member, which is a hollow tube, with a plurality of grids formed on the tube wall, and is coated on the outer periphery of the first elastic filling member; and a first wear-resistant member, which is coated on the outer periphery of the first support member. The present invention provides a cavity dynamic sealing structure with good radial followability, small sealing leakage, and meeting the use requirements.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of sealing devices, and in particular to a cavity dynamic sealing structure. Background Art

[0002] For the new generation of fighter jets, under the premise of ensuring the aerodynamic performance of the nozzle in the normal state, the nozzle realizes the function of large vector angle deflection to ensure the matching of the nozzle and the engine working state under subsonic, transonic and ultrasonic conditions, and meet the wide range of engine working requirements. Dynamic sealing is a key technology to ensure the working reliability and aerodynamics of the vector nozzle for fighter jets. On the one hand, the vector nozzle for the new generation of fighter jets is generally installed behind the engine afterburner. The nozzle should ensure the integrity of the structure in the hot gas environment to avoid fire caused by high-temperature gas leakage; on the other hand, good sealing performance can reduce the thrust loss caused by nozzle leakage. The sealing system of the nozzle must overcome the thermal load of the temperature on the seal in the high temperature environment, ensure the minimum gap between the rotating parts and the fixed parts, reduce the friction between the rotating parts and the fixed parts, avoid the increase of the driving torque required by the moving parts, and at the same time ensure good sealing performance. Research shows that if the seal leakage is reduced by 1%, the engine thrust will increase by 1% and the fuel consumption rate will decrease by 0.1%. For advanced fighter engines, if the engine speed and turbine rotor inlet temperature remain unchanged, the high-pressure turbine seal leakage will decrease by 1%, the thrust will increase by 0.8% and the fuel consumption rate will decrease by 0.5%. Therefore, it is necessary to set a dynamic seal structure between the spherical vector nozzle and the fixed shell.

[0003] In the prior art, graphite sealing components or brush-type sealing components are used to achieve dynamic sealing, but their structures are complex and cannot meet the requirements of sealing continuous cavities with irregular profiles without dead angles. In addition, two inner and outer sealing components are used to meet the sealing requirements of continuous cavities with irregular profiles, but their structures are complex and their radial sealing followability is poor, which still cannot meet the use requirements. Summary of the invention

[0004] Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the defect that the sealing components of the irregular surface continuous cavity in the prior art have poor radial tracking performance and cannot meet the use requirements, thereby providing a cavity dynamic sealing structure with good radial tracking performance, small sealing leakage and meeting the use requirements.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a cavity dynamic sealing structure, comprising:

[0006] a first elastic filling member;

[0007] The first support member is in the shape of a hollow tube, with a plurality of grids formed on the tube wall, and covers the outer circumference of the first elastic filling member;

[0008] The first wear-resistant part is coated on the outer periphery of the first supporting part.

[0009] Optionally, the grid is formed by crossing a plurality of wefts distributed along the circumference of the first support member and a plurality of warps distributed along an axial direction parallel to the first support member.

[0010] Optionally, two adjacent warps are connected at one end and separated at the other end, and each of the warps is wavy, with the crests of the two adjacent warps being arranged opposite to each other.

[0011] Optionally, the weft lines sequentially connect the corresponding crests of the warp lines in the same circumferential direction.

[0012] Optionally, the first elastic filler is ceramic fiber.

[0013] Optionally, the first support member is made by metal wire weaving, metal tube laser cutting or 3D printing.

[0014] Optionally, the first wear-resistant part is woven from alumina fiber, aluminum silicate fiber or carbon fiber.

[0015] Optionally, it also includes a second elastic filling member arranged between the first supporting member and the first wear-resistant member, and a first adhesive layer coated on the outer periphery of the second elastic filling member.

[0016] Optionally, the invention further comprises a second wear-resistant part arranged between the first support part and the first wear-resistant part, and a second adhesive layer coated on the outer periphery of the second wear-resistant part.

[0017] Optionally, it also includes a second elastic filling member arranged between the first supporting member and the first wear-resistant member, and a second supporting member covering the outer periphery of the second elastic filling member.

[0018] The technical solution of the present invention has the following advantages:

[0019] 1. The cavity dynamic sealing structure provided by the present invention comprises a first elastic filling member, a first support member and a first wear-resistant member arranged in sequence from the inside to the outside, and the first support member is a hollow tube with multiple grids formed on the tube wall. The grid-shaped first support member is a closed structure, and due to the uniform force, the radial sealing followability is good, so it is suitable for the dynamic sealing of irregular cavities; the first wear-resistant member is tightly connected with the first support member through radial compression force and expansion force, thereby reducing the sealing leakage, improving the service life of the dynamic sealing structure, and the reliability and working characteristics of the engine; and the structure is simple and reliable, light weight, small size, easy to process, and simple to assemble.

[0020] 2. In the cavity dynamic sealing structure provided by the present invention, the first elastic filling member is ceramic fiber, which can not only play an auxiliary supporting role, but also block the leakage of part of the high-temperature fuel gas.

[0021] 3. In the cavity dynamic sealing structure provided by the present invention, the first adhesive layer and the second adhesive layer have good resilience and flexibility, which can further improve the sealing performance and overall connectivity of the entire structure.

[0022] 4. The cavity dynamic sealing structure provided by the present invention, the second wear-resistant part is arranged between the first support part and the first wear-resistant part, so that the dynamic sealing structure can adapt to the occasions of long-term reciprocating friction and poor roughness of the moving surface.

[0023] 5. The cavity dynamic sealing structure provided by the present invention, the arrangement of the second elastic filling member between the first support member and the first wear-resistant member, and the arrangement of the second support member covering the outer periphery of the second elastic filling member, can enable the dynamic sealing structure to adapt to ultra-high temperatures and large deformation of the sealing surface, and has good rebound characteristics. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific implementation methods of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the specific implementation methods or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some implementation methods of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0025] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a cavity dynamic sealing structure provided in a first embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure;

[0027] Figure 3 is a partially enlarged schematic diagram of a first support member;

[0028] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a cavity dynamic sealing structure provided in a second embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a cavity dynamic sealing structure provided in a third embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of a cavity dynamic sealing structure provided in a fourth embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the cavity dynamic sealing structure provided by the present invention in use;

[0032] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of a right-angle cavity suitable for the cavity dynamic sealing structure provided by the present invention.

[0033] Description of reference numerals:

[0034] 1. Spherical shell; 2. Fixed shell; 3. Baffle; 4. Sealing cavity; 5. Dynamic sealing structure; 6. First elastic filling member; 7. First supporting member; 8. First wear-resistant member; 9. Grid; 10. Weft; 11. Warp; 12. Second elastic filling member; 13. First adhesive layer; 14. Second wear-resistant member; 15. Second adhesive layer; 16. Second supporting member; 17. Right-angle cavity. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The technical solution of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0036] In addition, the technical features involved in the different embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0037] The dynamic sealing structure of the present invention is mainly used in the fields of aviation, aerospace, shipbuilding, nuclear industry, petrochemical industry and general machinery, etc., which involve high-temperature dynamic sealing. It is suitable for irregular sealing cavities, and specifically relates to dynamic sealing structures for aircraft engines, aero-derivative gas turbines, aircraft, etc.

[0038] like Figure 1 , 2 , 3 and 7 show a first specific implementation of the cavity dynamic sealing structure, the dynamic sealing structure 5 is arranged in the sealing cavity 4 formed by the spherical shell 1, the fixed shell 2 and the baffle 3, the spherical shell 1 swings back and forth during operation (swing angle ≤ 20° / s), the inner cavity medium of the spherical shell 1 is high temperature and high pressure (temperature ≤ 1000K, pressure ≤ 1MPa) combustion gas; the fixed shell 2 and the baffle 3 are fixedly connected and are stationary during operation; the spherical shell 1 and the fixed shell 2 and the baffle 3 are matched in radial clearance to form a sealing cavity 4, the dynamic sealing structure 5 is arranged in the sealing cavity 4, is relatively fixed to the fixed shell 2 and the baffle 3, and is in elastic contact with the spherical shell 1, the fixed shell 2 and the baffle 3. The assembly compression amount of the dynamic sealing structure 5 during operation can be selected between 15% and 35% according to the working conditions. Figure 1 As shown, the dynamic sealing structure 5 includes a first elastic filling member 6, a first supporting member 7 and a first wear-resistant member 8 which are arranged in sequence from the inside to the outside.

[0039] The first elastic filler 6 is ceramic fiber with a filling density of 0.5-5 g / cm 3 .

[0040] like Figure 3 As shown, the first support member 7 is a hollow tube, and a plurality of grids 9 similar to isosceles trapezoids are formed on the tube wall. The grid 9 is formed by crossing a plurality of latitudes 10 distributed along the circumference of the first support member 7 and a plurality of warps 11 distributed along the axial direction parallel to the first support member 7. The head and tail of two adjacent warps 11 are connected at one end, and the head and tail of the other end are separated, and each of the warps 11 is wavy, and the crests of two adjacent warps 11 are arranged oppositely, and the latitudes 10 are sequentially connected to the crests of the corresponding warps 11 in the same circumferential direction.

[0041] The first support member 7 is coated on the outer periphery of the first elastic filler 6 and is made by single-strand or multi-strand metal wire weaving, metal tube laser cutting or 3D printing. The first support member 7 selects the support stiffness according to the requirements of the working characteristics, and can be made of high-temperature alloy materials such as GH141, Inconel718, etc.

[0042] The first wear-resistant member 8 is coated on the outer periphery of the first supporting member 7 and is woven with high-temperature resistant and wear-resistant materials such as alumina fiber, aluminum silicate fiber or carbon fiber.

[0043] like Figure 4 In the second embodiment of the cavity dynamic seal structure shown, a second elastic filler 12 is further provided between the first support member 7 and the first wear-resistant member 8, and the outer periphery of the second elastic filler 12 is coated with a first adhesive layer 13. The technical status and material of the second elastic filler 12 are consistent with those of the first elastic filler 6, and the first adhesive layer 13 is coated on the outer surface of the second elastic filler 12 by dipping, spraying, etc., and the first adhesive layer 13 is a high-temperature adhesive coating.

[0044] like Figure 5 In the third embodiment of the cavity dynamic seal structure shown, a second wear-resistant part 14 is further provided between the first support part 7 and the first wear-resistant part 8, and a second adhesive layer 15 is coated on the outer periphery of the second wear-resistant part 14. The technical status and material of the second wear-resistant part 14 are consistent with those of the first wear-resistant part 8, and the second adhesive layer 15 is coated on the outer surface of the second wear-resistant part 14 by immersion, spraying, etc., and the second adhesive layer 15 is also a high-temperature adhesive coating.

[0045] like Figure 6In the fourth embodiment of the cavity dynamic seal structure shown, a second elastic filler 12 is further provided between the first support member 7 and the first wear-resistant member 8, and a second support member 16 is coated on the outer periphery of the second elastic filler 12. The technical status and material of the second elastic filler 12 are consistent with those of the first elastic filler 6, and the technical status and material of the second support member 16 are consistent with those of the first support member 7.

[0046] The dynamic sealing structure in the above embodiment is not only applicable to regular surface sealing cavities, but also to irregular sealing cavities, such as Figure 8 The requirements for the inner diameter and outer diameter of the right-angle cavity 17 at the bend of the right-angle cavity 17 are: (Wherein, R1 is the inner diameter radius of the right-angle cavity, R2 is the outer diameter radius of the right-angle cavity, is the outer diameter of the dynamic seal structure).

[0047] As an alternative embodiment, the grid 9 may also be any one or a combination of polygons such as triangle, rhombus, square, pentagon or hexagon.

[0048] Obviously, the above embodiments are merely examples for the purpose of clear explanation, and are not intended to limit the implementation methods. For those skilled in the art, other different forms of changes or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is not necessary and impossible to list all the implementation methods here. The obvious changes or modifications derived therefrom are still within the scope of protection of the invention.

Claims

1. A cavity dynamic sealing structure, It is characterized in that include: A first elastic filling member (6); The first support member (7) is in the shape of a hollow tube, and a plurality of grids (9) are formed on the tube wall and are coated on the outer circumference of the first elastic filling member (6); A first wear-resistant member (8) covering the outer circumference of the first support member (7); The grid (9) is formed by the intersection of a plurality of wefts (10) distributed along the circumference of the first support member (7) and a plurality of warps (11) distributed along the axial direction parallel to the first support member (7); The head and tail of two adjacent warp lines (11) are connected at one end and separated at the other end, and each warp line (11) is wavy, and the crests of the two adjacent warp lines (11) are arranged opposite to each other; The latitude lines (10) are sequentially connected to the corresponding wave crests of the longitude lines (11) in the same circumferential direction; The first elastic filling member (6) is ceramic fiber; The first support member (7) is made by metal wire weaving, metal tube laser cutting or 3D printing; The first wear-resistant part (8) is woven from alumina fibers, aluminum silicate fibers or carbon fibers.

2. The cavity dynamic sealing structure according to claim 1, It is characterized in that It also includes a second elastic filling piece (12) arranged between the first supporting piece (7) and the first wear-resistant piece (8), and a first adhesive layer (13) coated on the outer periphery of the second elastic filling piece (12).

3. The cavity dynamic sealing structure according to claim 1, It is characterized in that It also includes a second wear-resistant part (14) arranged between the first support part (7) and the first wear-resistant part (8), and a second adhesive layer (15) coated on the outer periphery of the second wear-resistant part (14).

4. The cavity dynamic sealing structure according to claim 1, It is characterized in that It also includes a second elastic filling piece (12) arranged between the first supporting piece (7) and the first wear-resistant piece (8), and a second supporting piece (16) covering the outer periphery of the second elastic filling piece (12).

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