A device and method for efficiently collecting high-temperature smoke at the tail of a sintering machine

Abstract

The present invention provides a device and method for collecting high-temperature smoke at the tail of a sintering machine, which comprises a tail cover, a sintering trolley, a suction cover, a single-roll crusher, an extension cover, and an induced jet flow system. The sintered ore falls and is crushed by the single-roll crusher to generate high-temperature smoke. The cover body of the extension cover extends toward the head of the machine on the basis of the tail cover. A suction cover is provided above the rear of the tail cover. The induced jet flow system allows the high-temperature smoke to form a directional vortex in the cover to flow into the tail of the sintering trolley and prevents the smoke from escaping from the front section of the cover body. The device and method for collecting high-temperature smoke at the tail of a sintering machine can effectively reduce the air volume of the dust removal system, improve the efficiency of collecting high-temperature smoke, prevent smoke from escaping, and ensure the ultra-low emission requirements of the workplace environment and organized emissions. At the same time, it improves the production of sintered ore to a certain extent, achieving cost reduction and efficiency improvement.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of sintering high-temperature smoke capture and dust removal, and in particular to a sintering machine tail high-temperature smoke efficiency enhancement capture device and method. Background Art

[0002] The sintering production process is that the raw materials such as concentrate powder, limestone, lime and fuels such as crushed coke and anthracite are mixed in a certain ratio, and then placed on the front of the sintering trolley. After ignition, the powder is sintered into blocks and naturally broken by its own gravity at the tail of the sintering machine. Then it is crushed by a single roller crusher, screened in a chute, and enters a ring cooler for cooling. Finally, the cooled sintered ore is screened for whole particles and sent to the sintering finished product bin by a belt to be used in the blast furnace ironmaking method.

[0003] The dust at the tail of sintering machine is mainly generated in the dump box and ring cooler at the tail of sintering machine. The flue gas temperature is high and the dust concentration is high. The dusty flue gas temperature generated at the tail of sintering machine is generally 80-200℃ and the dust concentration is 5-15g / m 3 , the smoke and dust are highly intermittent. Every time the sintering trolley turns down to dump materials, a large amount of intermittent high-temperature smoke and dust will be generated. Therefore, great requirements are placed on the collection effect of the dust hood.

[0004] In line with the ultra-low emission requirements of current environmental protection standards, most steel companies have designed a larger rated system air volume to ensure that the smoke emission concentration of the sintering machine tail dust removal system meets the standard, resulting in huge energy consumption; the old dust hood structure is unreasonable, the hood body is small, while the high-temperature flue gas volume is large, and the positive pressure inside the hood is serious, forcing the high-temperature smoke to emerge from the gaps and front end of the hood body, seriously polluting the workplace environment; due to the strong rising effect of high-temperature smoke, the old dust hood structure adopts the rear side suction method, which has low efficiency in capturing high-temperature smoke; a large amount of wild wind mixes into the dust removal system from the front end of the dust hood, which also causes huge energy consumption.

[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to modify the dust hood of the tail flue gas dust removal system according to the sintering production method, so as to effectively improve the sintering production, reduce the air volume of the dust removal system, improve the high-temperature dust capture efficiency, prevent the escape of dust, and ensure the ultra-low emission requirements of the workplace environment and organized emissions. Summary of the invention

[0006] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a high-temperature smoke efficiency capture device and method for the tail of a sintering machine, so as to effectively reduce the air volume of the dust removal system, improve the high-temperature smoke capture efficiency, prevent smoke from escaping, and ensure the ultra-low emission requirements of the workplace environment and organized emissions.

[0007] The invention relates to a device for collecting high-temperature smoke at the tail of a sintering machine. The device comprises a tail cover, a sintering trolley, a suction cover, a single-roll crusher, an extension cover and an entrained flow system. Sintered ore falls and is crushed by the single-roll crusher to generate high-temperature smoke. The cover body of the extension cover extends toward the head of the machine on the basis of the tail cover. A suction cover is arranged above the rear of the tail cover. The entrained flow system enables the high-temperature smoke to form a directional vortex in the cover to flow into the tail of the sintering trolley and prevents the smoke from escaping from the front section of the cover body.

[0008] Furthermore, the induced flow system includes a forward induced flow subsystem and a reverse induced flow subsystem. The wind curtain formed by the forward induced flow induces the wild wind entering from the front end of the hood body to flow into the table top of the sintering trolley, and the wind curtain formed by the reverse induced flow induces the diverted part of the high-temperature flue gas to flow into the tail of the sintering trolley.

[0009] Furthermore, the forward jet flow subsystem includes a forward jet flow fan, a forward jet flow air duct, and a forward jet flow duckbill nozzle. External air is introduced through the forward jet flow fan, passes through the forward jet flow air duct, and is ejected from the forward jet flow duckbill nozzle to form a forward fan-shaped wind curtain area.

[0010] Furthermore, the reverse jet flow subsystem includes a reverse jet flow fan, a reverse jet flow air duct, and a reverse jet flow duckbill nozzle. External air is introduced through the reverse jet flow fan, passes through the reverse jet flow air duct, and is ejected from the reverse jet flow duckbill nozzle to form a reverse fan-shaped wind curtain area.

[0011] Furthermore, the forward jet flow duckbill nozzle and / or the reverse jet flow duckbill nozzle consists of a circular tube body, an upper plate body and a lower plate body, the upper plate body and the lower plate body are symmetrically arranged in non-parallel planes, the symmetry plane of the plate body coincides with the axial section of the circular tube body, the upper plate body and the lower plate body have a fan-shaped body, the center side of the fan-shaped body transitions and intersects with the end surface of the circular tube, the arc side of the fan-shaped body non-coincides and intersects to form the edge of the nozzle port, and the two sides of the fan-shaped body coincide and intersect.

[0012] Furthermore, the oblique angle of the non-overlapping intersection ports of the arc sides of the upper plate body and the lower plate body is 10 to 70 degrees.

[0013] Furthermore, the forward jet flow subsystem is arranged at the front end of the upper part of the cover body, one set on each side of the left and right sides, and the reverse jet flow subsystem is arranged between the two sets of the forward jet flow subsystem at the rear end of the upper part of the cover body.

[0014] Furthermore, the forward jet flow subsystem is arranged in multiple sets at the front end of the upper part of the cover body, the reverse jet flow subsystem is arranged at the rear end of the upper part of the cover body, and the reverse jet flow subsystem is arranged in each interval of the forward jet flow subsystem.

[0015] Furthermore, the forward jet flow subsystem is 0.3 to 1 m away from the left and right walls of the hood, and the reverse jet flow subsystem is arranged at the front end of the air suction hood and is 0.1 to 1 m away from the air suction hood.

[0016] Furthermore, the forward jet flow subsystem and / or the reverse jet flow subsystem has a jet volume of 2000 to 20000 m3 / h, a jet speed of 15 to 25 m / s, and a horizontal inward extension distance of the air duct of 0.5 to 5 m.

[0017] Furthermore, the suction hood is connected to a dust removal duct to an external dust collector, the dust removal air volume is 15 to 25 m3 / h, and the front section of the extended hood is 1 to 10 m away from the rear section of the sintering machine.

[0018] Furthermore, the extension cover extends to cover 2 to 3 trolleys at the rear of the sintering trolley, and is used to capture high-temperature smoke and dust generated when the sintered ore falls and is crushed by the single-roll crusher.

[0019] The present invention also provides a process for efficiently capturing high-temperature smoke according to the above-mentioned device for efficiently capturing high-temperature smoke at the tail of a sintering machine, comprising the following steps:

[0020] S1: Feeding, the sintered ore is transported to 2-3 trolleys at the tail of the sintering machine through the sintering trolley, and the sintered ore is covered by the expansion cover and the tail cover;

[0021] S2: induced jet flow, the airflows ejected by the forward induced jet flow subsystem and the reverse induced jet flow subsystem of the induced jet flow system jointly form a wind curtain to form a directional vortex at the rear of the hood, and the wind curtain covers the tail end of the sintering machine within the attenuation distance;

[0022] S3: Crushing, the sintered ore falls and is crushed by a single roller crusher, producing high-temperature smoke and dust;

[0023] S4: Suction dust removal, the suction hood connects the dust removal duct to the external dust collector, and controls the airflow path of the high-temperature flue gas rising from the discharge point through forward and reverse drainage, so that it rotates at the rear of the hood, and captures the high-temperature smoke through the suction hood to prevent the smoke from escaping and achieve efficient capture.

[0024] Furthermore, the step S2 further includes:

[0025] S21: The forward jet flow subsystem includes a forward jet flow fan, a forward jet flow air duct, and a forward jet flow duckbill nozzle. External air is introduced through the forward jet flow fan, and is ejected from the forward jet flow duckbill nozzle through the forward jet flow air duct to form a forward fan-shaped wind curtain area. The reverse jet flow subsystem includes a reverse jet flow fan, a reverse jet flow air duct, and a reverse jet flow duckbill nozzle. External air is introduced through the reverse jet flow fan, and is ejected from the reverse jet flow duckbill nozzle through the reverse jet flow air duct to form a reverse fan-shaped wind curtain area.

[0026] S22: The wind curtain formed by the forward induced flow induces the wild wind entering from the front end of the hood to flow into the table of the sintering trolley. The table of the sintering trolley is in a negative pressure state due to the suction force of the dust removal system of the machine head. The mixed wild wind further improves the combustion effect of the sintering material. At the same time, the wind curtain formed by the forward induced flow sucks the high-temperature flue gas rising from the unloading place to prevent it from emitting from the front end of the hood. The external air introduced is mixed with the high-temperature flue gas to cool it down, reducing the overall flue gas volume and reducing the dust removal air volume of the system.

[0027] S23: The wind curtain formed by the reverse jet flow induces the diversion of part of the high-temperature flue gas into the tail of the sintering machine, accelerating the combustion of the fuel and preventing the flue gas from escaping from the front end of the hood.

[0028] The device and method for efficiently collecting high-temperature smoke at the tail of a sintering machine of the present invention include an extended hood and an ejector flow system. The air pressure inside the hood is improved by extending the tail hood body. A wind curtain area is formed by a forward ejector flow and a reverse ejector flow to prevent smoke from escaping from the front section of the hood, and the high-temperature smoke is cooled, thereby reducing the dust removal air volume of the system and saving the system operation cost.

[0029] At the same time, the wind curtain formed by the forward jet flow induces the wild wind entering from the front end of the hood to flow into the tail of the sintering machine. At the same time, the wind curtain formed by the reverse jet flow also induces a part of the high-temperature flue gas to flow into the tail of the sintering machine. The airflow entering the sintering trolley can accelerate the combustion of fuel, reduce the situation of under-burning of raw materials, improve the production situation of the sintering method, reduce the return of ore to a certain extent, and increase production efficiency.

[0030] In addition, combined with the actual engineering parameters, through fluid dynamics numerical simulation calculation, the length of the extended hood, the position and length of the duct of the jet flow system, the angle of the duckbill nozzle, etc. are optimized to reasonably organize the airflow direction of the dusty high-temperature flue gas and control the flue gas diffusion path. The sintering machine tail flue gas dust removal system can effectively reduce the air volume of the dust removal system, improve the high-temperature smoke capture efficiency, prevent smoke from escaping, ensure the ultra-low emission requirements of the workplace environment and organized emissions, and at the same time improve the sintering production situation to a certain extent, achieving cost reduction and efficiency improvement. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] Figure 1 A side view of a device for efficiently collecting high-temperature smoke at the tail of a sintering machine is shown;

[0032] Figure 2 A top view of a device for efficiently collecting high-temperature smoke at the tail of a sintering machine is shown;

[0033] Figure 3a A side view of a duckbill nozzle for a high-temperature smoke and dust collection device at the tail of a sintering machine is shown;

[0034] Figure 3b A front view of a duckbill nozzle for a high-temperature smoke and dust collection device at the tail of a sintering machine is shown;

[0035] Figure 3c A rear view of a duckbill nozzle for a high-temperature smoke and dust collection device at the tail of a sintering machine is shown;

[0036] In the figure: 1- machine tail cover, 2- air suction cover, 3- extension cover, 4- sintering trolley, 5- forward jet flow fan, 6- forward jet flow air duct, 7- forward jet flow duckbill nozzle, 8- reverse jet flow fan, 9- reverse jet flow air duct, 10- reverse jet flow duckbill nozzle, 11- single roller crusher. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the scheme of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0038] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship, are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0039] Figure 1-3c A device and method for efficiently collecting high-temperature smoke at the tail of a sintering machine are shown, which include: an extension hood 3 and an ejector flow system; the extension hood 3 is extended toward the head of the machine based on the tail hood 1, and its length can cover 2 to 3 trolleys at the tail of the sintering trolley 4; an air suction hood 2 is provided on the upper rear part of the tail hood 1 to collect high-temperature smoke generated when the sintered ore falls and is crushed by a single-roll crusher 11; the ejector flow system includes a forward ejector flow subsystem and a reverse ejector flow subsystem, which together form a wind curtain area so that the high-temperature smoke forms a directional vortex in the hood to prevent the smoke from escaping from the front section of the hood, and at the same time cools the high-temperature smoke and reduces the dust removal air volume.

[0040] The wind curtain formed by the forward induced flow induces the wild wind entering from the front end of the hood to flow into the tail of the sintering machine. At the same time, the wind curtain formed by the reverse induced flow also induces the diversion of part of the high-temperature flue gas to flow into the tail of the sintering machine. The airflow entering the sintering trolley can accelerate the combustion of fuel and reduce the situation where the raw materials are not fully burned. The 4-tail flue gas dust removal system of the sintering trolley can effectively reduce the air volume of the dust removal system, improve the capture efficiency of high-temperature smoke, prevent smoke from escaping, ensure the ultra-low emission requirements of the workplace environment and organized emissions, and at the same time improve the production of sintered ore to a certain extent, achieving cost reduction and efficiency improvement.

[0041] According to the sintering production method, an obliquely backward suction hood 2 is provided above the rear of the tail hood 1, and a dust removal pipeline is connected to an external dust collector, with a dust removal air volume of 15-25m3 / h, preferably 20m3 / h, for capturing high-temperature smoke generated when the sintered ore falls and is crushed by the single-roll crusher 11. The expansion hood 3 extends toward the head of the machine on the basis of the tail hood 1, and the length can cover 2-3 trolley exhaust ports at the tail of the sintering trolley 4, preferably 3, and the distance between the front section of the hood and the tail section of the sintering trolley 4 is 1m-10m, which is used to expand the entire hood space and improve the air pressure inside the hood.

[0042] Among them, the induced jet flow system includes two parts: a forward induced jet flow subsystem and a reverse induced jet flow subsystem. The airflows ejected by the two parts together form a wind curtain area to prevent smoke from escaping from the front section of the hood body.

[0043] Among them, the forward jet flow subsystem includes a forward jet flow fan 5, a retractable forward jet flow air duct 6, and a forward jet flow duckbill nozzle 7, wherein the port of the forward jet flow duckbill nozzle 7 is inclined at an angle of 10 to 70 degrees, and the outside air is introduced through the fan, through the air duct, and ejected from the nozzle to form a fan-shaped wind curtain. The injection air volume is 2000 to 20000m3 / h, the injection wind speed is 15 to 25m / s, and the horizontal inward extension distance of the air duct is 0.5 to 5m, ensuring that the wind curtain formed by the forward jet flow covers the rear end of the sintering trolley 4 within the attenuation distance.

[0044] The wind curtain formed by the forward jet flow can induce the wild wind mixed in from the front end of the cover body to approach the 4 surfaces of the sintering trolley. The 4 surfaces of the sintering trolley are in a negative pressure state due to the suction force of the head dust removal system. The mixed wild wind can further improve the combustion effect of the sintering material and improve the production of sintered ore.

[0045] At the same time, the wind curtain formed by the forward jet flow can suck the high-temperature smoke rising from the unloading point to prevent it from escaping from the front end of the hood.

[0046] Among them, the forward jet flow subsystem is arranged at the front end of the upper part of the hood, with one set on each side, 0.3 to 1 m away from the left and right walls of the hood. The wind curtain formed by the forward jet flow can control the high-temperature flue gas to form a directional vortex at the rear of the hood, which is beneficial for the suction hood 2 to capture the flue gas.

[0047] Among them, the reverse jet flow subsystem includes a reverse jet flow fan 8, a reverse jet flow air duct 9, and a reverse jet flow duckbill nozzle 10, wherein the port of the reverse jet flow duckbill nozzle 10 is inclined at an angle of 10 to 70 degrees, and the outside air is introduced through the fan, through the air duct, and ejected from the nozzle to form a fan-shaped wind curtain. The injection air volume is 2000 to 20000m3 / h, the injection wind speed is 15 to 25m / s, and the horizontal outward extension distance of the air duct is 0.5 to 5m, ensuring that the wind curtain formed by the reverse jet flow covers the rear end of the sintering trolley 4 within the attenuation distance, effectively reducing the system air volume. At the same time, the wind curtain formed by the reverse jet flow also induces the diversion of part of the high-temperature flue gas to flow into the rear end of the sintering machine, accelerates fuel combustion, and improves the sintering production situation.

[0048] Among them, the reverse jet flow subsystem is arranged in front of the hood suction hood 2, and is 0.1 to 1 m away from the hood suction hood 2. The wind curtain formed by the reverse jet flow can control the high-temperature flue gas to form a directional vortex at the rear of the hood, preventing the flue gas from escaping from the front end of the hood, which is beneficial for the suction hood 2 to capture the flue gas.

[0049] Among them, the airflow path of the high-temperature flue gas rising from the unloading place is controlled through forward drainage and reverse drainage, so that it rotates at the rear of the cover body to form a directional vortex, and is finally captured by the suction hood 2 of the cover body, thereby preventing it from emitting from the front end of the cover body to pollute the environment; the external air introduced is mixed with the high-temperature flue gas to cool down, reducing the overall flue gas volume, reducing the dust removal air volume of the system, and achieving energy saving and efficiency improvement; the airflow induced into the sintering trolley 4 can accelerate the combustion of fuel, reduce the phenomenon of under-burning of raw materials, and improve the sintering production situation.

[0050] According to another specific embodiment of the present invention, another device and method for collecting high-temperature smoke at the tail of a sintering machine is provided, comprising the following steps:

[0051] S1: feeding, the sintered ore is transported to 2-3 trolleys at the tail of the sintering machine through the sintering trolley 4, and the sintered ore is covered by the expansion cover 3 and the tail cover 1;

[0052] S2: induced jet flow, the airflows ejected by the forward induced jet flow subsystem and the reverse induced jet flow subsystem of the induced jet flow system jointly form a wind curtain to form a directional vortex at the rear of the hood, and the wind curtain covers the tail end of the sintering machine within the attenuation distance;

[0053] S3: Crushing: the sintered ore falls and is crushed by a single roller crusher 11, and high-temperature smoke and dust are generated during crushing;

[0054] S4: Suction dust removal, the suction hood 2 connects the dust removal duct to the external dust collector, and controls the airflow path of the high-temperature flue gas rising from the unloading place through forward and reverse drainage, so that it rotates at the rear of the hood body, and captures the high-temperature smoke through the suction hood 2 to prevent the smoke from escaping and achieve efficient capture.

[0055] Wherein, the step S2 further includes:

[0056] S21: The forward jet flow subsystem includes a forward jet flow fan 5, a forward jet flow air duct 6, and a forward jet flow duckbill nozzle 7. External air is introduced through the forward jet flow fan 5, and is ejected from the forward jet flow duckbill nozzle 7 through the forward jet flow air duct 6 to form a forward fan-shaped wind curtain area. The reverse jet flow subsystem includes a reverse jet flow fan 8, a reverse jet flow air duct 9, and a reverse jet flow duckbill nozzle 10. External air is introduced through the reverse jet flow fan 8, and is ejected from the reverse jet flow duckbill nozzle 10 through the reverse jet flow air duct 9 to form a reverse fan-shaped wind curtain area.

[0057] S22: The wind curtain formed by the forward induced flow induces the wild wind entering from the front end of the cover body to flow into the table of the sintering trolley 4. The table of the sintering trolley 4 is in a negative pressure state due to the suction force of the head dust removal system. The mixed wild wind further improves the combustion effect of the sintering material. At the same time, the wind curtain formed by the forward induced flow sucks the high-temperature flue gas rising from the unloading place to prevent it from emitting from the front end of the cover body. The external air introduced is mixed with the high-temperature flue gas to cool it down, thereby reducing the overall flue gas volume and reducing the dust removal air volume of the system.

[0058] S23: The wind curtain formed by the reverse jet flow induces the diversion of part of the high-temperature flue gas into the tail of the sintering machine, accelerating the combustion of the fuel and preventing the flue gas from escaping from the front end of the hood.

[0059] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "illustrative embodiments", "examples", "specific examples", or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representation of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

[0060] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A device for collecting high-temperature smoke at the tail of a sintering machine, comprising a tail cover (1), a sintering trolley (4), an air suction cover (2), and a single-roll crusher (11). Sintered ore falls and is crushed by the single-roll crusher (11) to generate high-temperature smoke, and the device is characterized in that: It also includes an extension hood (3) and an ejection flow system, wherein the hood body of the extension hood (3) extends toward the machine head based on the tail hood (1), an air suction hood (2) is provided above the rear of the tail hood (1), and the ejection flow system causes the high-temperature flue gas to form a directional vortex in the hood so as to flow into the rear of the sintering trolley (4) and prevents the flue gas from escaping from the front section of the hood body; The induced flow system comprises a forward induced flow subsystem and a reverse induced flow subsystem, the wind curtain formed by the forward induced flow induces wild wind entering from the front end of the cover body to flow into the table surface of the sintering trolley (4), and the wind curtain formed by the reverse induced flow induces a diverted portion of the high-temperature flue gas to flow into the rear end of the sintering trolley (4); The forward jet flow subsystem comprises a forward jet flow fan (5), a forward jet flow air duct (6), and a forward jet flow duckbill nozzle (7), wherein outside air is introduced through the forward jet flow fan (5), passes through the forward jet flow air duct (6), and is ejected from the forward jet flow duckbill nozzle (7), thereby forming a forward fan-shaped air curtain area; The reverse jet flow subsystem comprises a reverse jet flow fan (8), a reverse jet flow air duct (9), and a reverse jet flow duckbill nozzle (10), wherein outside air is introduced through the reverse jet flow fan (8), passes through the reverse jet flow air duct (9), and is ejected from the reverse jet flow duckbill nozzle (10), thereby forming a reverse fan-shaped air curtain area; The forward jet flow duckbill nozzle (7) and the reverse jet flow duckbill nozzle (10) are composed of a circular tube, an upper plate and a lower plate. The upper plate and the lower plate are symmetrically arranged in non-parallel planes. The symmetry plane of the plate coincides with the axial section of the circular tube. The upper plate and the lower plate have a fan-shaped body. The center side of the fan-shaped body transitions and intersects with the end surface of the circular tube. The arc side of the fan-shaped body intersects non-coincidentally to form the nozzle port edge. The two sides of the fan-shaped body coincide and intersect. The extension cover (3) extends to cover 2-3 trolleys at the rear of the sintering trolley (4) and is used to capture high-temperature smoke generated when the sintered ore falls and is crushed by the single-roll crusher (11).

2. The capture device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The oblique angle of the non-overlapping intersection ports of the arc sides of the upper plate body and the lower plate body is 10-70°.

3. The capture device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The forward jet flow subsystem is arranged at the front end of the upper part of the cover body, one set on each of the left and right sides, and the reverse jet flow subsystem is arranged between the two sets of the forward jet flow subsystem at the rear end of the upper part of the cover body.

4. The capture device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The forward jet flow subsystem is arranged in multiple sets at the front end of the upper part of the cover body, the reverse jet flow subsystem is arranged at the rear end of the upper part of the cover body, and the reverse jet flow subsystem is arranged in each interval of the forward jet flow subsystem.

5. The capture device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The forward jet flow subsystem is 0.3-1 m away from the left and right walls of the hood body, and the reverse jet flow subsystem is arranged at the front end of the air suction hood (2) and is 0.1-1 m away from the air suction hood (2).

6. The capture device according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that: The injection air volume of the forward injection flow subsystem and / or the reverse injection flow subsystem is 2000-20000m 3 / h, the jet wind speed is 15-25m / s, and the horizontal inward extension distance of the air duct is 0.5-5m.

7. The capture device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The suction hood (2) is connected to the dust removal duct to the external dust collector, and the dust removal air volume is 15-25m 3 / h, and the distance between the front section of the hood body of the expansion hood (3) and the rear section of the sintering machine is 1-10m.

8. A method for increasing the efficiency of capturing high-temperature smoke at the tail of a sintering machine, using the capture device as described in any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The steps include: S1: feeding, the sintered ore is transported to 2-3 trolleys at the rear of the sintering machine through the sintering trolley (4), and the sintered ore is covered by the expansion cover (3) and the tail cover (1); S2: induced jet flow, the airflows ejected by the forward induced jet flow subsystem and the reverse induced jet flow subsystem of the induced jet flow system jointly form a wind curtain to form a directional vortex at the rear of the hood, and the wind curtain covers the tail end of the sintering machine within the attenuation distance; S3: crushing, the sintered ore falls and is crushed by a single roller crusher (11), and high-temperature smoke and dust are generated during crushing; S4: Suction dust removal, the suction hood (2) is connected to the dust removal pipeline to the external dust collector, and the airflow path of the high-temperature smoke rising from the discharge point is controlled through forward and reverse drainage, so that it rotates at the rear of the hood body, and the high-temperature smoke is captured by the suction hood (2), preventing the smoke from escaping and achieving efficient capture.

9. The capture method according to claim 8, characterized in that: The step S2 further comprises: S21: The forward jet flow subsystem comprises a forward jet flow fan (5), a forward jet flow air duct (6), and a forward jet flow duckbill nozzle (7). External air is introduced through the forward jet flow fan (5), passes through the forward jet flow air duct (6), and is ejected from the forward jet flow duckbill nozzle (7), thereby forming a forward fan-shaped wind curtain area. The reverse jet flow subsystem comprises a reverse jet flow fan (8), a reverse jet flow air duct (9), and a reverse jet flow duckbill nozzle (10). External air is introduced through the reverse jet flow fan (8), passes through the reverse jet flow air duct (9), and is ejected from the reverse jet flow duckbill nozzle (10), thereby forming a reverse fan-shaped wind curtain area. S22: The wind curtain formed by the forward induced flow induces the wild wind entering from the front end of the hood body to flow into the table of the sintering trolley (4). The table of the sintering trolley (4) is in a negative pressure state due to the suction force of the dust removal system of the machine head. The mixed wild wind further improves the combustion effect of the sintering material. At the same time, the wind curtain formed by the forward induced flow sucks the high-temperature flue gas rising from the unloading place to prevent it from emitting from the front end of the hood body. The external air introduced is mixed with the high-temperature flue gas to reduce the temperature, thereby reducing the overall flue gas volume and reducing the dust removal air volume of the system. S23: The wind curtain formed by the reverse jet flow induces the diversion of part of the high-temperature flue gas into the tail of the sintering machine, accelerating the combustion of the fuel and preventing the flue gas from escaping from the front end of the hood.

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