A large-tonnage cable-stayed clustered rock anchor system, its construction method and suspension bridge

Abstract

The present invention discloses a large-tonnage inclined-stayed clustered rock anchor system, comprising an anchor hole, an anchor rod main structure, and high-strength steel fiber concrete; an anchor chamber is provided in the anchor hole, and the anchor rod main structure comprises a clustered anchor rod main reinforcement assembly and a chain slip ring assembly sleeved thereon; the lowermost end of the chain slip ring assembly is fixedly connected to the bottom of the clustered anchor rod main reinforcement assembly; the chain slip ring assembly can slide freely along the clustered anchor rod main reinforcement assembly, and after being installed and positioned in the anchor hole, it can unfold under the action of gravity to form a wavy string structure, and the wavy string structure is located in the anchor chamber; high-strength steel fiber concrete is poured in the anchor hole and is wrapped together with the chain slip ring assembly to bear pressure. The present invention also discloses a construction method for the above-mentioned rock anchor system and a suspension bridge containing the same. The rock anchor system of the present invention utilizes the clustered anchor rod main reinforcement assembly to bear tension, and the chain slip ring assembly, high-strength steel fiber concrete, and rock mass to bear pressure together, so that the structure has clear force and reliable force performance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to civil engineering fields such as bridge engineering and construction engineering, and in particular to a large-tonnage cable-stayed cluster rock anchor system, a construction method thereof, and a suspension bridge. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid construction of suspension bridges in mountainous areas and the unique characteristics of mountain bridges, the selection of suspension bridge types has attracted considerable attention. Anchors are the primary load-bearing components of suspension bridges. The load on the superstructure of a suspension bridge is transmitted to the main cables via hangers, and then from the main cables to the anchors. Anchors are crucial to the success of bridge construction. Common anchors used in suspension bridges are gravity anchors and tunnel anchors. Gravity anchors resist the enormous main cable tension through their own weight, friction between them and the foundation, and the embedding force. Tunnel anchors, on the other hand, transmit the main cable force into the rock mass, relying on the rock mass's friction and clamping effect to bear the enormous main cable tension.

[0003] Due to the constraints of mountainous construction environments, gravity anchors require extensive excavation and large volumes of concrete, making their construction difficult, material intensive, and environmentally damaging. Tunnel anchors, on the other hand, require the excavation of long, deep tunnels with variable cross-sections, which presents significant excavation challenges, long construction periods, high safety risks, and unclear force transmission mechanisms. Anchor design has become a critical issue in mountain bridge design.

[0004] As can be seen from this, the existing rock anchor systems mentioned above still have obvious inconveniences and defects in their structure, methods, and use, and are in urgent need of further improvement. The goal of creating a large-tonnage, cable-stayed, clustered rock anchor system that is simple to construct on-site, has clear structural forces, and reliable load-bearing performance has become a pressing need in the industry. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a large-tonnage inclined-stayed cluster rock anchor system, which has simple on-site construction, clear structural stress and reliable stress performance, thereby overcoming the shortcomings of the existing rock anchor system.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] A large-tonnage inclined-stayed cluster rock anchor system comprises an anchor hole, an anchor rod main structure and high-strength steel fiber concrete; an anchor chamber is provided in the anchor hole, and the anchor rod main structure comprises a cluster anchor rod main reinforcement assembly and a chain slip ring assembly sleeved thereon; the lowermost end of the chain slip ring assembly is fixedly connected to the bottom of the cluster anchor rod main reinforcement assembly; the chain slip ring assembly can slide freely along the cluster anchor rod main reinforcement assembly, and after being installed and positioned in the anchor hole, it can be unfolded under the action of gravity to form a wavy string structure, and the wavy string structure is located in the anchor chamber; the high-strength steel fiber concrete is cast in the anchor hole, and the high-strength steel fiber concrete and the chain slip ring assembly are gripped together to bear pressure.

[0008] As a further improvement of the present invention, the chain slip ring assembly includes several segmented rings that are sleeved on the cluster anchor main reinforcement assembly and arranged intermittently; the lowermost segmented ring is fixedly connected to the bottom of the cluster anchor main reinforcement assembly; a structure consisting of several groups of two segmented pressure-bearing bars is provided between every two adjacent segmented rings, and a hinged manner is adopted between each group of two segmented pressure-bearing bars and between the segmented pressure-bearing bars and the segmented rings.

[0009] Furthermore, the connected ends of the two segmental pressure-bearing bars of each group are connected by a semi-open movable hinge, and the other ends of the two segmental pressure-bearing bars are respectively connected to two adjacent segmental collars by a semi-open movable hinge.

[0010] Furthermore, the segmented collars at both ends are provided with a circle of semi-open movable hinges intermittently along the circumference at the ends of the collars, and the directions of rotation are consistent; the segmented collars at the middle are provided with a pair of semi-open movable hinges intermittently along the circumference at the ends of the collars, and the directions of rotation are opposite.

[0011] Furthermore, when the chain slip ring assembly is unfolded under the action of gravity to form a wavy string structure, in each group of two segmented pressure bars, the opening angle between the segmented pressure bars located in the upper section and the clustered anchor rod main bar assembly is 30-60°; and / or when the chain slip ring assembly is unfolded under the action of gravity to form a wavy string structure, in each group of two segmented pressure bars, the opening angle between the segmented pressure bars located in the lower section and the clustered anchor rod main bar assembly is 90°.

[0012] Furthermore, the segmented collar adopts segmented spiral ring reinforcement.

[0013] Furthermore, the clustered anchor rod main reinforcement assembly includes a grouting bellows and a plurality of high-strength prestressed steel bars, and is constrained and fixed by a fixing ring.

[0014] Furthermore, there are two fixing rings, which are respectively located at the upper and bottom of the cluster anchor rod main reinforcement assembly, and the fixing ring located at the bottom serves as an anchor head; the lowermost end of the chain slip ring assembly is fixedly connected to the bottom of the cluster anchor rod main reinforcement assembly through the anchor head.

[0015] The present invention also discloses a construction method of the above-mentioned large-tonnage inclined cluster rock anchor system, comprising:

[0016] Step 1: Drill a small diameter oblique hole at the designed anchor point on the rock mass;

[0017] Step 2: After drilling to the designed elevation, micro-blasting is performed inside the hole, and the drill pipe is used to rotate and expand the hole to form an anchor chamber, and then dust and slag are removed indoors;

[0018] Step 3: The main structure of the anchor bolt is manufactured in the factory and transported to the site for positioning and installation after inspection;

[0019] Step 4: Release the temporary anchoring of the chain slip ring assembly, and allow the chain slip ring assembly to slide downward under the action of gravity or a very small external thrust to form a wavy string structure;

[0020] Step 5: Pour high-strength steel fiber concrete into the hole. After the high-strength steel fiber concrete reaches a certain strength, it is wrapped together with the chain slip ring assembly to bear the pressure.

[0021] The present invention also discloses a suspension bridge comprising the above-mentioned large-tonnage cable-stayed clustered rock anchor system.

[0022] By adopting the above technical solution, the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0023] 1. The present invention creatively invents a large-tonnage inclined clustered rock anchor system and its construction method. The system uses the clustered anchor rod main reinforcement assembly for tension, and the chain slip ring assembly, high-strength steel fiber concrete and rock mass together for pressure. The structure has clear stress, can withstand large external axial loads, has a wide range of applications, and reliable stress performance.

[0024] 2. The large-tonnage inclined cluster rock anchor system and its construction method of the present invention enable the anchor rod main structure to be fully manufactured and assembled in the factory, eliminating the need for assembly at the construction site, and the on-site construction steps are simple and clear. At the same time, the rock damage surface is small, the anchoring performance is reliable, the safety performance is high, and it saves materials and is beneficial to the environment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for describing the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can also derive other drawings based on these drawings without inventive efforts.

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the anchor hole and anchor chamber elevation;

[0027] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of a large-tonnage cable-stayed cluster rock anchor system in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3 This is a working schematic diagram of a large-tonnage inclined cluster rock anchor system in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the anchor rod main structure (original state);

[0030] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the anchor rod main structure (changing state);

[0031] Figure 6This is a schematic diagram of the main reinforcement assembly of the clustered anchor rod;

[0032] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the original state of the chain slip ring assembly;

[0033] In the figure, 1-clustered anchor rod main reinforcement assembly; 11-high-strength prestressed steel rod; 12-grouting bellows; 13-fixing ring; 2-chain slip ring assembly; 21-segmental sleeve; 22-segmental pressure reinforcement; 23-semi-tension movable hinge; 3-anchor hole; 31-anchor chamber. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments.

[0035] like Figure 1-3 As shown, a large-tonnage inclined-stayed cluster rock anchor system comprises an anchor hole 3, an anchor rod main structure and high-strength steel fiber concrete; an anchor chamber 31 is provided in the anchor hole 3, and the anchor rod main structure comprises a cluster anchor rod main reinforcement assembly 1 and a chain slip ring assembly 2 sleeved thereon; the lowermost end of the chain slip ring assembly 2 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the cluster anchor rod main reinforcement assembly 1; the upper end of the chain slip ring assembly 2 is a free end, and the chain slip ring assembly 2 can slide freely along the cluster anchor rod main reinforcement assembly 1, and after being installed and positioned in the anchor hole 3, it can be unfolded under the action of gravity to form a wavy string structure, and the wavy string structure is located in the anchor chamber 31; high-strength steel fiber concrete is poured in the anchor hole 3, and the high-strength steel fiber concrete and the chain slip ring assembly 2 are gripped together to bear pressure.

[0036] Cooperate Figure 4 、 5 As shown in Figures 6 and 7, the cluster anchor main reinforcement assembly 1 includes a grouting bellows 12 and multiple high-strength prestressed steel rods 11, which are constrained and fixed by fixing rings 13. The high-strength prestressed steel rods 11 are the main load-bearing components in the large-tonnage inclined cluster rock anchor system; the grouting bellows 12 are fixed and constrained to the high-strength prestressed steel rods 11 by the fixing rings 13 to form an integral structure. The grouting bellows 12 is a grouting component in the anchor hole. There are two fixing rings 13, located at the top and bottom of the cluster anchor main reinforcement assembly 1, respectively. The fixing ring 13 at the bottom serves as the anchor head.

[0037] Cooperate Figure 4 、 5As shown in Figures 7 and 8, the chain slip ring assembly 2 includes a plurality of segmented collars 21, which are sleeved on the cluster anchor main reinforcement assembly 1 and arranged intermittently; the lowermost segmented collar 21 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the cluster anchor main reinforcement assembly 1 through an anchor head; a structure consisting of a plurality of groups of two segmented pressure bars 22 is provided between every two adjacent segmented collars 21, and a hinged manner is adopted between each group of two segmented pressure bars 22 and between the segmented pressure bars 22 and the segmented collars 21.

[0038] As a preferred solution, the connecting ends of each group of two segmented pressure-bearing ribs 22 are connected by semi-open living hinges 23. The other ends of the two segmented pressure-bearing ribs 22 are respectively connected to two adjacent segmented collars 21 by semi-open living hinges 23. The segmented collars 21 at the ends are provided with a circle of semi-open living hinges 23 intermittently along the circumference of the collar ends, with the semi-open living hinges 23 in a circle rotating in the same direction. The segmented collar 21 in the middle is provided with pairs of semi-open living hinges 23 intermittently along the circumference of the collar ends, with the paired semi-open living hinges 23 rotating in opposite directions.

[0039] Cooperate Figure 3 、 5 As shown, when the chain slip ring assembly 2 is unfolded under gravity to form a zigzag string structure, the angle between the upper segment of each set of two segmental bearing bars 22 and the cluster anchor main bar assembly is 30-60 degrees. The angle between the lower segment of each set of two segmental bearing bars 22 and the cluster anchor main bar assembly is 90 degrees.

[0040] As a preferred solution, the segmented collar 21 is in the form of segmented spiral ring ribs.

[0041] The above-mentioned large-tonnage cable-stayed cluster rock anchor system can be constructed according to the following construction methods, including:

[0042] Step 1: Drill a small diameter oblique hole at the designed anchor point on the rock mass;

[0043] Step 2: After drilling to the designed elevation, micro-blasting is performed inside the hole, and the drill pipe is used to rotate and expand the hole to form an anchor chamber, and then dust and slag are removed indoors;

[0044] Step 3: The main structure of the anchor bolt is manufactured in the factory and transported to the site for positioning and installation after inspection;

[0045] Step 4: Release the temporary anchoring of the chain slip ring assembly, and allow the chain slip ring assembly to slide downward under the action of gravity or a very small external thrust to form a wavy string structure;

[0046] Step 5: Pour high-strength steel fiber concrete into the hole. After the high-strength steel fiber concrete reaches a certain strength, it is wrapped together with the chain slip ring assembly to bear the pressure.

[0047] The above-mentioned large-tonnage cable-stayed cluster rock anchor system can be directly applied to suspension bridges as the anchor part of the suspension bridge.

[0048] This large-tonnage, cable-stayed, clustered rock anchor system utilizes clustered anchor rod main reinforcement components for tension, while chain-type slip ring components, high-strength steel fiber reinforced concrete, and the rock mass together for compression. This structure provides a well-defined load-bearing structure, capable of withstanding significant external axial loads, boasts a wide range of applications and reliable load-bearing performance. During construction, this large-tonnage, cable-stayed, clustered rock anchor system allows for full factory fabrication and assembly of the anchor rod main structure, eliminating the need for on-site assembly and simplifying on-site construction procedures. Furthermore, it minimizes the rock failure surface, ensures reliable anchoring performance, and offers high safety performance.

[0049] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the present invention in any form. Those skilled in the art can make some simple modifications, equivalent changes or modifications based on the technical content disclosed above, which all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A large-tonnage inclined cluster rock anchor system, characterized in that: Including anchor holes, anchor rod main structure and high-strength steel fiber concrete; An anchor chamber is provided in the anchor hole, and the anchor rod main structure includes a cluster anchor rod main reinforcement assembly and a chain slip ring assembly sleeved thereon; the lowermost end of the chain slip ring assembly is fixedly connected to the bottom of the cluster anchor rod main reinforcement assembly; the chain slip ring assembly can slide freely along the cluster anchor rod main reinforcement assembly, and after being installed and positioned in the anchor hole, it can be unfolded under the action of gravity to form a wavy string structure, and the wavy string structure is located in the anchor chamber; The high-strength steel fiber concrete is poured into the anchor hole, and the high-strength steel fiber concrete and the chain slip ring assembly are wrapped together to bear the pressure; The chain slip ring assembly includes a plurality of segmented sleeves that are sleeved on the main reinforcement assembly of the clustered anchor rod and arranged intermittently; The lowest segmental collar is fixedly connected to the bottom of the main reinforcement assembly of the cluster anchor bolt; a structure consisting of several groups of two segmental pressure bars is arranged between every two adjacent segmental collars, and each group of two segmental pressure bars and the segmental pressure bars and the segmental collars are hinged; When the wavy string structure is formed, every two adjacent segmented rings are in contact with each other.

2. The large-tonnage inclined cluster rock anchor system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The ends of the two segmental pressure-bearing bars of each group are connected by semi-open movable hinges, and the other ends of the two segmental pressure-bearing bars are respectively connected to two adjacent segmental sleeves by semi-open movable hinges.

3. The large-tonnage inclined cluster rock anchor system according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The segmented collars at both ends are provided with a circle of semi-open movable hinges intermittently along the circumference at the ends of the collars, and the rotation directions are consistent; the segmented collars at the middle are provided with a pair of semi-open movable hinges intermittently along the circumference at the ends of the collars, and the rotation directions are opposite.

4. The large-tonnage inclined cluster rock anchor system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: When the chain slip ring assembly is unfolded under the action of gravity to form a wavy string structure, the opening angle between the segmental pressure-bearing reinforcement located at the upper segment and the cluster anchor rod main reinforcement assembly in each group of two segmental pressure-bearing reinforcements is 30-60°; And / or when the chain slip ring assembly is unfolded under the action of gravity to form a wavy string structure, in each group of two segmental pressure-bearing bars, the opening angle between the segmental pressure-bearing bar located in the lower segment and the bundled anchor rod main bar assembly is 90°.

5. The large-tonnage inclined cluster rock anchor system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The segmented collar adopts segmented spiral ring reinforcement.

6. The large-tonnage inclined cluster rock anchor system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The cluster anchor rod main reinforcement assembly includes a grouting bellows and a plurality of high-strength prestressed steel bars, and is constrained and fixed by a fixing ring.

7. The large-tonnage inclined cluster rock anchor system according to claim 6 is characterized in that: There are two fixing rings, which are respectively located at the upper and bottom of the cluster anchor rod main reinforcement assembly. The fixing ring at the bottom serves as an anchor head. The lowermost end of the chain slip ring assembly is fixedly connected to the bottom of the cluster anchor rod main reinforcement assembly through the anchor head.

8. A construction method for a large-tonnage oblique-stayed cluster rock anchor system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: include: Step 1: Drill a small diameter oblique hole at the designed anchor point on the rock mass; Step 2: After drilling to the designed elevation, micro-blasting is performed inside the hole, and the drill pipe is used to rotate and expand the hole to form an anchor chamber, and then dust and slag are removed indoors; Step 3: The main structure of the anchor bolt is manufactured in the factory and transported to the site for positioning and installation after inspection; Step 4: Release the temporary anchoring of the chain slip ring assembly, and allow the chain slip ring assembly to slide downward under the action of gravity or a very small external thrust to form a wavy string structure; Step 5: Pour high-strength steel fiber concrete into the hole. After the high-strength steel fiber concrete reaches a certain strength, it is wrapped together with the chain slip ring assembly to bear the pressure.

9. A suspension bridge, characterized in that: The large-tonnage inclined-stayed cluster rock anchor system comprises the system described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

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