Composite negative electrode and metal-air battery monomer using the same

Abstract

The present invention discloses a composite negative electrode and a metal-air battery cell using the same, comprising a substrate, a metal negative electrode plate, and a negative electrode lead-out copper sheet connector. The metal negative electrode plate is attached to the surface of the substrate, the middle portion of the negative electrode lead-out copper sheet connector is in close contact with the two metal negative electrode plates, and the two ends of the negative electrode lead-out copper sheet connector are in close contact with the positive electrode lead-out connector on the battery cell. The composite negative electrode of the metal-air battery in the embodiment of the present invention adopts a composite structure of a substrate + a metal negative electrode plate. The metal negative electrode plate participating in the discharge reaction is vertically fixed in the center of the cell frame through the substrate insertion. During the reaction process, only the metal negative electrode plate reacts with the positive electrode, and all the metal negative electrode plates can be directly reacted completely, thereby improving the reaction efficiency of the negative electrode metal material.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of metal-air batteries, and in particular to a composite negative electrode and a metal-air battery monomer using the same. Background Art

[0002] A metal-air battery cell is a chemical power source that uses oxygen in the air as the positive electrode active material, metal as the negative electrode active material, and a conductive solution as the electrolyte. It generates electricity through a discharge reaction under the catalytic action of a positive electrode catalyst.

[0003] At present, the metal negative electrode of metal-air batteries is mostly a single-piece structure. The metal negative electrode becomes thinner and thinner during use, so a certain thickness or vertical and horizontal skeleton structure must be retained to prevent the metal negative electrode plate from falling into the battery reaction chamber. This will cause incomplete use of the battery's negative electrode metal plate, resulting in waste of negative electrode materials, and may also damage the internal structure of the battery, affecting the normal use of the battery. The metal negative plate lead-out connection area is small, the connection method is cumbersome, the connection resistance is large, the line loss is serious, and the discharge efficiency is affected. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the embodiments of the present invention is to provide a composite negative electrode and a metal-air battery cell for a metal-air battery to solve the problems of incomplete discharge reaction of the negative electrode metal plate in the existing metal-air battery, high resistance of the negative electrode lead-out connector, and low discharge efficiency.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, an embodiment of the present invention provides a composite negative electrode for a metal-air battery, comprising a substrate, a metal negative electrode plate and a negative electrode lead-out copper sheet connector, wherein the metal negative electrode plate is attached to the surface of the substrate, the negative electrode lead-out copper sheet connector is fixed to the top of the substrate, and the negative electrode lead-out copper sheet connector is in close contact with the metal negative electrode plate.

[0006] As a preferred embodiment of the present application, the composite negative electrode includes two metal negative electrode plates symmetrically attached to opposite sides of the substrate. When the composite negative electrode is inserted into the reaction chamber of the cell frame, the metal negative electrode plates on either side can be connected in parallel with the positive electrodes on either side of the cell frame to generate two discharge reactions, thereby increasing the power generation of the battery cell.

[0007] Furthermore, as a preferred embodiment of the present application, the composite negative electrode also includes an insulating handle, which is fixedly arranged on the top of the substrate, and the negative electrode lead-out copper sheet connector is located between the insulating handle and the top of the substrate, and the two ends of the negative electrode lead-out copper sheet connector extend from the two ends of the insulating handle.

[0008] As a specific embodiment of the present application, the insulating handle uses hard plastic to wrap the substrate, metal negative plate and negative electrode lead-out copper sheet connector into one. The hard plastic used in the insulating handle can withstand high temperatures and strong alkalis, thereby improving the battery life.

[0009] Furthermore, as a preferred embodiment of the present application, the composite negative electrode also includes a negative electrode sealing ring fixed to the middle of the substrate, and the middle of the substrate is located between the top of the substrate and the substrate area where the metal negative plate is attached.

[0010] In one embodiment of the present application, the negative electrode sealing ring is integrally injection-molded from a soft plastic material into the center portion of the substrate. When the composite negative electrode is inserted into the cell frame, the negative electrode sealing ring prevents electrolyte leakage from the assembly gap between the composite negative electrode and the cell frame. The soft plastic material of the negative electrode sealing ring is resistant to high temperatures and strong alkalis, ensuring that the battery cell will not leak due to electrolyte corrosion during its operating cycle.

[0011] Furthermore, as a preferred embodiment of the present application, the outer edge of the substrate extends beyond the outer edge of the metal negative electrode plate to form a positioning rib. When the composite negative electrode is inserted into the monolithic frame, the positioning rib fits neatly into the negative electrode positioning groove of the monolithic frame, thereby facilitating installation of the metal fuel.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of the present application, the metal negative electrode plate includes an aluminum plate, a magnesium plate or other metals.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment of the present application, the substrate includes a stainless steel plate or a non-metallic plate that does not participate in the internal discharge reaction of the metal-air battery, and will not be lost during use. The entire negative electrode is installed inside the single frame through the substrate, and there will be no situation in which the negative electrode falls into the battery reaction cavity due to breakage when the state of the metal plate is uncertain during use.

[0014] Based on the same inventive concept, an embodiment of the present invention also provides a metal-air battery, comprising a monomer frame, a positive electrode, and a composite negative electrode. The composite electrode is as described above. A reaction chamber is provided inside the monomer frame, reaction windows are provided on both sides of the reaction chamber, the positive electrode is fixed to the monomer frame and covers the reaction window, the electrolyte in the reaction chamber is sealed by the positive electrode, and air is allowed to enter the positive electrode. The negative electrode is inserted into the reaction chamber of the monomer frame, and a channel for free flow of electrolyte is formed between the metal negative plate and the positive electrode.

[0015] Furthermore, a negative electrode slot having the same width as the negative electrode is provided on the single body frame, and negative electrode positioning grooves guided and limited by positioning ribs are provided on both sides of the negative electrode slot.

[0016] The composite negative electrode of the metal-air battery in the embodiment of the present invention adopts a composite structure of a substrate + metal negative plate. The metal negative plate participating in the discharge reaction is fixed inside the cell frame via the substrate. During the reaction, only the metal negative plate undergoes a discharge reaction with the positive electrode, allowing all metal negative plates to react completely, thereby improving the reaction efficiency of the negative electrode metal material. The substrate is made of a thin plate material that does not react with the electrolyte and is high-temperature resistant and high-strength, and will not suffer loss or deformation during use. The entire negative electrode is installed inside the cell frame via the substrate, and the negative plate will not fall into the battery during use. The composite negative electrode is inserted through a slot and a positioning groove, and is vertically positioned in the center of the cell frame, maintaining equal distance between the positive and negative electrodes on both sides, making replacement of the metal fuel simpler and faster. A negative electrode sealing ring is provided between the negative electrode and the cell frame, which can effectively seal the electrolyte inside the cell frame.

[0017] In summary, the composite negative electrode structure of the present invention has the following effects: (1) It solves the problem of incomplete use of the negative electrode plate and improves the use efficiency of the negative electrode plate; (2) It solves the problem of leakage between the negative electrode plate and the monomer frame due to poor sealing; (3) It solves the problem of negative electrode lead connection. By changing the negative electrode lead connection method, the resistance of the negative electrode lead pole is greatly reduced, the output capacity and use efficiency of the negative electrode are improved, and environmentally friendly classification and recycling are achieved; (4) It improves the convenience and production efficiency of negative electrode replacement. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific implementation of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for the specific implementation or the description of the prior art.

[0019] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the metal-air battery cell structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the assembly of a composite negative electrode inside a metal-air battery cell according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the extracted composite negative electrode in a metal-air battery cell according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the composite negative electrode structure in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of a single frame structure in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] Numbers in the figure:

[0025] 1-single frame, 100-reaction window, 101-insulating strip, 102-reaction chamber, 103-negative electrode slot, 104-negative electrode positioning groove, 105-negative electrode lead-out fixing hole;

[0026] 2- positive electrode;

[0027] 3-composite negative electrode, 300-negative electrode lead-out copper sheet connector, 301-base plate, 302-metal negative electrode plate, 303-positioning rib, 304-insulating handle, 305-negative electrode sealing ring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field based on the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0029] Please refer to Figures 1 to 3 , which is a specific implementation example of a metal-air battery cell in an embodiment of the present invention. The metal-air battery cell in this embodiment includes a cell frame 1, a positive electrode 2, and a composite negative electrode 3. The composite negative electrode is described in detail below in conjunction with the specific structure of the metal-air battery cell in the figure.

[0030] like Figure 4 As shown, the composite negative electrode 3 in this embodiment is a composite plate structure, including a negative electrode lead-out copper sheet connector 300, a substrate 301 and a metal negative electrode plate 302. Among them, the metal negative electrode plate 302 adopts a negative electrode metal material that participates in the internal discharge reaction of the metal-air battery, generally an aluminum plate, a magnesium plate, a zinc plate or other metal plates that can participate in the metal-air battery reaction; the substrate 301 is a fixed installation structure for the entire negative electrode, and adopts a stainless steel plate that does not participate in the internal discharge reaction of the metal-air battery or a metal plate and a non-metallic plate that is resistant to strong alkali corrosion. The metal negative electrode plate 302 is attached and fixed to the surface of the substrate 301, and is fixedly inserted into the reaction cavity of the single frame 1 through the substrate 301. The negative electrode lead-out copper sheet connector 300 is the lead-out negative electrode connection component of the entire battery. The middle part of the negative electrode lead-out copper sheet connector 300 is in close contact with the two metal negative electrode plates 302, reaching 40×10 -6 The negative electrode copper lead connector 300 is fixed to the top of the base plate 301 at both ends, extending from both ends of the insulating sealing handle. After the entire composite negative electrode is inserted into the battery cell, the top of the base plate 301 and the negative electrode copper lead connector 300 are exposed outside the cell frame, closely matching the positive electrode lead connector on the battery cell, facilitating battery wiring.

[0031] Specifically, in this embodiment, metal negative plates 302 are attached to both sides of the substrate 301. After the composite negative electrode is inserted into the reaction chamber of the monomer frame, the metal negative plates 302 on both sides can be connected in parallel with the positive electrodes on both sides of the monomer frame to generate two sets of discharge reactions, thereby increasing the power generation of the battery cell. In practical applications, metal negative plates 302 of different specifications and materials can be set on one or both sides of the substrate 301 according to the internal structure of the battery cell and the rated power generation of the battery. The metal negative plate 302 can be precisely and seamlessly attached to the surface of the substrate by means of high-temperature and strong-alkali resistant gluing, welding, cold rolling, hot rolling, and explosive compounding to prevent the metal negative plate 302 from being separated from the substrate due to corrosion when immersed in the strong alkaline environment of the electrolyte.

[0032] Combine Figure 5 A reaction chamber 102 is provided inside the single-body frame 1. Reaction windows 100 are provided on the single-body frame on both sides of the reaction chamber 102. A negative electrode slot 103 having the same width as the negative electrode 3 is provided at the top of the reaction chamber 102. The negative electrode 3 is inserted into the reaction chamber 102 inside the single-body frame 1 through the negative electrode slot 103. A negative electrode positioning groove 104 is provided at both ends of the negative electrode slot 103, extending into the reaction chamber 102. The outer edge of the substrate 301 of the negative electrode 3 extends beyond the outer edge of the metal negative electrode plate 302 to form a positioning rib 303. During the process of inserting the negative electrode 3 into the reaction chamber 102 through the negative electrode slot 103, the positioning rib 303 fits neatly into the negative electrode positioning groove 104. The entire negative electrode 3 is installed in place under the guidance of the negative electrode positioning groove 104. The negative electrode 3 is also positioned inside the reaction chamber by the negative electrode positioning groove 104 to prevent the metal negative electrode plate from deforming or shifting and directly contacting the positive electrode, thereby preventing a short circuit.

[0033] The positive electrode 2 of the metal-air battery cell is fixed to the outer side of the cell frame 1, covering and sealing the reaction window 100 of the reaction chamber 102. A channel for free flow of electrolyte is formed between the positive electrode 2 and the metal negative plate 302 of the negative electrode 3. The reaction window 100 is sealed by the positive electrode 2, and the electrolyte inside the reaction chamber 102 cannot flow out of the reaction window. At the same time, external air is allowed to enter the positive electrode. The oxygen in the air passes through the reaction window 100 and reacts with the negative electrode metal and electrolyte to generate electricity. Several insulating strips 101 are also arranged on the reaction window 100 to divide the reaction window 100 and support the positive electrode 2 to prevent the positive electrode 2 from deforming due to the large area of ​​the reaction window 100 and short-circuiting with the negative electrode. The positive electrode 2 extends to the top of the cell frame reaction chamber through the positive electrode lead copper sheets on both ends of the cell frame 1, and is used together with the negative electrode lead copper sheet connector to arrange the battery wiring. The positive electrode material of the metal-air battery is an existing material. This embodiment only describes the composite negative electrode of the present invention in detail. The electrolysis principle and positive electrode material of the metal-air battery are conventional technologies in the field and are not described in detail in this embodiment.

[0034] After the negative electrode is inserted into the interior of the single-body frame 1, the top of the substrate 301 is exposed at the top of the single-body frame. This facilitates the installation of the negative electrode lead-out copper sheet connector 300 and facilitates gripping and replacing the negative electrode. In this embodiment, an insulating handle 304 is fixedly installed on the top of the substrate 301. The insulating handle 304 is formed by wrapping the substrate 301, the top of the metal negative electrode plate 302, and the negative electrode lead-out copper sheet connector 300 in one piece using a hard plastic material that is resistant to high temperatures and strong alkalis. The entire insulating handle 304 is arranged horizontally along the single-body frame. After the negative electrode 3 is inserted into the reaction chamber 102 inside the single-body frame, the negative electrode slot 103 is closed. The two sets of negative electrode lead-out copper sheet connectors 300 corresponding to the two sets of metal negative electrode plates are fixedly installed on the top of the insulating handle 304 and extend from the end of the insulating handle. They are locked and fixed to the negative electrode lead-out fixing hole 105 at the top of the single-body frame 1.

[0035] After the negative electrode 3 is inserted into the monomer frame 1, a negative electrode sealing ring 305 is provided on the substrate in direct contact with the monomer frame, between the insulating handle 304 at the top of the substrate of the negative electrode 3 and the metal negative electrode plate 302, to prevent leakage of electrolyte from the assembly gap between them. The negative electrode sealing ring 305 seals the assembly gap between the substrate of the negative electrode 3 and the monomer frame. The negative electrode sealing ring 305 can be directly integrally injection-molded on the substrate 301 using a soft plastic material that is resistant to high temperatures and strong alkalis. The width of the substrate on which the negative electrode sealing ring 305 is located is set to be smaller than the width of the substrate on which the metal negative electrode plate is located, forming a neck. After the negative electrode is inserted into the monomer frame, the empty areas on both sides form an overflow channel for electrolyte circulation with the reaction chamber.

[0036] The composite negative electrode of the metal-air battery in the embodiment of the present invention adopts a composite structure of substrate + metal negative electrode plate + lead-out copper sheet. The metal negative electrode plate participating in the discharge reaction is fixed inside the single body frame through the substrate. During the reaction, only the metal negative electrode plate reacts with the positive electrode, and all the metal negative electrode plates can be directly reacted completely, thereby improving the reaction efficiency of the negative electrode metal material; the substrate adopts a thin plate material that does not react with the electrolyte and is resistant to high temperature and high strength, and will not be lost or deformed during use. The entire metal negative electrode is installed inside the single body frame through the substrate, and the negative electrode will not fall into the battery reaction chamber during use; the composite negative electrode is inserted through a slot and a positioning groove, and is vertically positioned in the middle of the single body frame, keeping the positive and negative electrodes on both sides parallel and equidistant, making the replacement of metal fuel simpler and faster; a negative electrode sealing ring is provided between the negative electrode and the single body frame, which can effectively seal the electrolyte inside the single body frame.

[0037] Those skilled in the art will understand that the foregoing descriptions are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art will be able to modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or to substitute equivalents for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A metal-air battery cell, comprising a cell frame, a positive electrode and a composite negative electrode, characterized in that: The composite negative electrode includes a substrate, a metal negative plate and a negative electrode lead-out copper sheet connector. The metal negative plate is attached to the surface of the substrate. The substrate is made of a non-metallic plate that does not react with the electrolyte. The composite negative electrode includes two metal negative plates. The two metal negative plates are symmetrically attached to the two sides of the substrate. The metal negative plates on the two sides are respectively connected in parallel with the positive electrodes on the two sides of the single frame to generate two groups of discharge reactions; the negative electrode lead-out copper sheet connector is fixed to the top of the substrate, and the negative electrode lead-out copper sheet connector is in close contact with the metal negative plate; the outer edge of the substrate exceeds the outer edge of the metal negative plate to form a fixed The composite negative electrode also includes an insulating handle, which is fixedly arranged on the top of the substrate, and the negative electrode lead-out copper sheet connector is located between the insulating handle and the top of the substrate, and the two ends of the negative electrode lead-out copper sheet connector extend from the two ends of the insulating handle; the insulating handle uses hard plastic to wrap the substrate, the metal negative plate and the negative electrode lead-out copper sheet connector into one body; the composite negative electrode also includes a negative electrode sealing ring fixed in the middle of the substrate, and the middle of the substrate is located between the top of the substrate and the substrate area where the metal negative plate is attached; the negative electrode sealing ring is integrally injection-molded in the middle of the substrate using a soft plastic material.

2. The metal-air battery cell according to claim 1, wherein: The metal negative electrode plate is precisely and seamlessly attached to the surface of the substrate by means of high temperature and strong alkali resistant gluing, welding, cold rolling, hot rolling or explosive compounding. The substrate is vertically positioned in the middle of the monomer frame and kept parallel and equidistant to the positive electrodes on both sides.

3. The metal-air battery cell according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: A reaction chamber is provided inside the monomer frame, and reaction windows are provided on both sides of the reaction chamber. The positive electrode is fixed on the monomer frame and covers and shields the reaction window. The electrolyte in the reaction chamber is sealed by the positive electrode, while air is allowed to enter the positive electrode. The composite negative electrode is inserted into the reaction chamber of the monomer frame, and a channel for free flow of electrolyte is formed between the metal negative plate and the positive electrode.

4. The metal-air battery cell according to claim 3, wherein: The single body frame is provided with a negative electrode slot having the same width as the composite negative electrode, and negative electrode positioning grooves guided and limited by positioning ribs are provided on both sides of the negative electrode slot.

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