A vacuum quenching furnace based on water conduction

Abstract

The present invention discloses a vacuum quenching furnace based on water conduction, comprising: a housing, a first lifting mechanism, a second lifting mechanism and an external circulation oil tank. A heating chamber and a quenching chamber are arranged inside the housing. A heating room is arranged at the top of the heating chamber, and the first lifting mechanism is located below the heating room; a quenching tank is arranged at the bottom of the quenching chamber, and the second lifting mechanism is located on one side of the quenching tank; the external circulation oil tank is arranged outside the housing and is respectively connected to the quenching tank through an oil suction pipe and an oil return pipe. By means of the external circulation oil tank, the present invention does not directly heat the quenching oil, but conducts heat to the oil in the inner tank by heating the water in the outer tank, thus avoiding the safety problems caused by direct heating of the quenching oil.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of workpiece quenching, and more specifically relates to a vacuum quenching furnace based on water conduction. Background Art

[0002] Some workpieces in mechanical equipment need to bear large dynamic loads. In addition to tensile, shear, torque and other acting forces, frictional forces will also be generated on the surface of the workpiece. Therefore, certain requirements are imposed on its wear resistance and hardness, etc. Often, the workpiece needs to be heat-treated before machining to change its structure and properties. Quenching is a common heat treatment process. By preheating the workpiece to an appropriate temperature and rapidly cooling it after heat preservation, martensite and other structures can be obtained, thereby improving the hardness, strength and wear resistance of the workpiece. Most of the current quenching furnaces adopt a structure that directly heats the quenching oil, which is prone to safety accidents.

[0003] Therefore, how to provide a vacuum quenching furnace based on water conduction is an urgent problem to be solved by those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the present invention provides a vacuum quenching furnace based on water conduction. By means of an external circulating oil tank, the quenching oil is not directly heated, and the heat is conducted to the oil in the inner tank by heating the water in its outer tank, avoiding the safety problems caused by direct heating of the quenching oil.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] A vacuum quenching furnace based on water conduction, comprising: a housing, a first lifting mechanism, a second lifting mechanism and an external circulating oil tank. Among them, a heating chamber and a quenching chamber are provided inside the housing, a heating chamber is provided at the top of the heating chamber, and the first lifting mechanism is located below the heating chamber; a quenching tank is provided at the bottom of the quenching chamber, and the second lifting mechanism is located on one side of the quenching tank; the external circulating oil tank is provided outside the housing and is respectively connected to the quenching tank through an oil suction pipe and an oil return pipe.

[0007] Preferably, the first lifting mechanism includes a first lifting motor, a first lead screw, a first lifting platform, a refractory heat insulation layer and refractory bricks. Among them, the first lifting motor is installed at the bottom of the heating chamber, the output end of the first lifting motor is in transmission connection with the first lead screw, the first lifting platform is slidably arranged in the heating chamber, and the edge of the first lifting platform is threadedly connected to the first lead screw. A refractory heat insulation layer and refractory bricks are sequentially arranged at the top end of the first lifting platform; a first upper limit switch and a first lower limit switch are provided on the side wall of the heating chamber.

[0008] Preferably, the second lifting mechanism includes a second lifting motor, a second screw rod and a second lifting platform, wherein the second lifting motor is installed at the bottom of the quenching chamber, the output end of the second lifting motor is transmission-connected to the second screw rod, the second lifting platform is slidably arranged in the quenching chamber, and the edge of the second lifting platform is threadedly connected to the second screw rod; a second upper travel switch and a second lower travel switch are arranged on the side wall of the quenching chamber.

[0009] Preferably, a heat insulation mechanism is installed between the heating chamber and the quenching chamber, and the heat insulation mechanism includes a heat insulation door, a heat insulation door lifting motor, a reduction box, a small bevel gear, a large bevel gear and a gear shaft. The heat insulation door lifting motor is installed in a shell, and the reduction box is located below the heat insulation door lifting motor. The small bevel gear is meshed with the large bevel gear and both are arranged in the reduction box; the output end of the heat insulation door lifting motor is transmission-connected with the small bevel gear, and the end of the large bevel gear away from the small bevel gear is connected to the gear shaft. The heat insulation door is arranged between the heating chamber and the quenching chamber, and a rack meshed with the gear shaft is arranged on the heat insulation door.

[0010] Preferably, silicon carbon rods are installed in the heating chamber, and first temperature sensors are provided on both sides of the interior of the heating chamber.

[0011] Preferably, a second temperature sensor and a fan are provided in the quenching chamber.

[0012] Preferably, an oil tank and a water tank are provided in the external circulating oil tank, the oil tank is located in the water tank, the oil tank is connected to the quenching tank through an oil extraction pipe and an oil return pipe respectively, and a circulating pump is provided on the oil extraction pipe; a heating rod and a third temperature sensor are installed in the water tank.

[0013] Preferably, a vacuum pump is provided on one side of the external circulating oil tank, and the vacuum pump is connected to the interior of the shell through a vacuum pipe.

[0014] Preferably, a front side plate is installed on the front side of the shell, and a ram horn push rod is inserted into the front side plate.

[0015] Preferably, a control panel is installed on the shell, and the control panel is provided with a control screen, a display screen, a vacuum pressure gauge, an emergency stop switch, a USB flash drive interface, a protective gas inlet, an upper limit temperature indicator screen, a lower limit temperature indicator screen, a power indicator light, a quenching lamp switch, a fan switch, a circulating pump switch and an insulation door switch.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0017] The present invention provides an external circulating oil tank, which connects the quenching tank and the oil tank through a circulating pump, facilitating the stability of the oil temperature and preventing local overheating. An oil tank and a water tank are arranged in the external circulating oil tank. Instead of directly heating the quenching oil, the water conduction is used for indirect heating of the quenching oil, ensuring safety and avoiding the safety problems caused by direct heating of the quenching oil. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only the embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on the provided drawings.

[0019] Figure 1 The attached drawings are the three-dimensional structure schematic diagrams of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 2 The attached drawings are the front views of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 3 The attached drawings are the rear views of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 4 The attached drawings are the left side views of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 5 The attached drawings are the right side views of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 6 The attached drawings are the top views of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 7 The attached drawings are the internal structure schematic diagrams of the heating chamber of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 8 The attached drawings are the state diagrams of the workpiece of the present invention being heated in the heating chamber.

[0027] Figure 9 The attached drawings are the state diagrams of the workpiece of the present invention being removed from the heating chamber.

[0028] Figure 10 The attached drawings are the state diagrams of the workpiece of the present invention being moved to the second lifting platform.

[0029] Figure 11 The attached drawings are the state diagrams of the second lifting platform of the present invention descending to the quenching tank for quenching.

[0030] Among them, in the drawings:

[0031] 1-shell; 2-external circulating oil tank; 3-heating chamber; 4-quenching tank; 5-oil extraction pipe; 6-oil return pipe; 7-control panel; 8-control screen; 9-display screen; 10-vacuum pressure gauge; 11-emergency stop switch; 12-U disk interface; 13-protective gas inlet; 14-upper limit temperature indicator screen; 15-lower limit temperature indicator screen; 16-power indicator light; 17-quenching light switch; 18-fan switch; 19-circulating pump switch; 20-insulated door switch; 21-first lifting motor; 22-first screw rod; 23-first lifting platform; 24-refractory insulation layer; 25-refractory brick; 26-first lower travel switch; 27-second lifting motor; 28-second screw rod; 29-second lifting platform; 30-second upper travel switch; 31-second lower travel switch; 32- Heat insulation door; 33-heat insulation door lifting motor; 34-reduction gear box; 35-small bevel gear; 36-large bevel gear; 37-gear shaft; 38-rack; 39-silicon carbon rod; 40-first temperature sensor; 41-lighting lamp; 42-heating chamber furnace door; 43-observation window; 44-quick handle buckle; 45-second temperature sensor; 46-fan; 47-oil tank; 48-water tank; 49-circulation pump; 50-heating rod; 51-third temperature sensor; 52-vacuum pump; 53-vacuum pipe; 54-vacuum pump switch; 55-exhaust interface; 56-front side panel; 57-ram's horn push rod; 58-access furnace door; 59-left door; 60-press and pop-up rotary door lock; 61-first upper stroke switch; 62-drain valve; 63-plug; 64-workpiece; 65-drain pipe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0033] Please see attached Figures 1-11 The present invention provides a vacuum quenching furnace based on water conduction, comprising: a shell 1, a first lifting mechanism, a second lifting mechanism and an external circulating oil tank 2, wherein a heating chamber and a quenching chamber are arranged inside the shell, a heating chamber 3 is arranged on the top of the heating chamber, and the first lifting mechanism is located below the heating chamber 3; a quenching tank 4 is arranged at the bottom of the quenching chamber, and the second lifting mechanism is located on one side of the quenching tank 4; the external circulating oil tank 2 is arranged on the outside of the shell 1, and is connected to the quenching tank 4 through an oil extraction pipe 5 and an oil return pipe 6 respectively.

[0034] In this embodiment, a control panel 7 is installed on the housing 1, and a control screen 8, a display screen 9, a vacuum pressure gauge 10, an emergency stop switch 11, a USB flash drive interface 12, a protective gas inlet 13, an upper limit temperature indicator screen 14, a lower limit temperature indicator screen 15, a power indicator light 16, a quenching lamp switch 17, a fan switch 18, a circulation pump switch 19, and a heat insulation door switch 20 are arranged on the control panel 7. The first lifting motor 21 and the second lifting motor 27 can be controlled through the control screen 8.

[0035] In this embodiment, the first lifting mechanism includes a first lifting motor 21, a first lead screw 22, a first lifting platform 23, a refractory heat insulation layer 24, and refractory bricks 25. Among them, the first lifting motor 21 is installed at the bottom of the heating chamber, the output end of the first lifting motor 21 is in transmission connection with the first lead screw 22, the first lifting platform 23 is slidably arranged in the heating chamber, and the edge of the first lifting platform 23 is in threaded connection with the first lead screw 22. The top of the first lifting platform 23 is sequentially provided with a refractory heat insulation layer 24 and refractory bricks 25. First upper limit travel switches 61 and first lower limit travel switches 26 are arranged on the side wall of the heating chamber.

[0036] In this embodiment, the second lifting mechanism includes a second lifting motor 27, a second lead screw 28, and a second lifting platform 29. Among them, the second lifting motor 27 is installed at the bottom of the quenching chamber, the output end of the second lifting motor 27 is in transmission connection with the second lead screw 28, the second lifting platform 29 is slidably arranged in the quenching chamber, and the edge of the second lifting platform 29 is in threaded connection with the second lead screw 28. Second upper limit travel switches 30 and second lower limit travel switches 31 are arranged on the side wall of the quenching chamber.

[0037] In this embodiment, a heat insulation mechanism is installed between the heating chamber and the quenching chamber. The heat insulation mechanism includes a heat insulation door 32, a heat insulation door lifting motor 33, a reduction gearbox 34, a small bevel gear 35, a large bevel gear 36, and a gear shaft 37. The heat insulation door lifting motor 33 is installed in the housing 1, the reduction gearbox 34 is located below the heat insulation door lifting motor 33, the small bevel gear 35 is meshed with the large bevel gear 36, and both are arranged in the reduction gearbox 34. The output end of the heat insulation door lifting motor 33 is in transmission connection with the small bevel gear 35, one end of the large bevel gear 36 away from the small bevel gear 35 is connected with the gear shaft 37, the heat insulation door 32 is arranged between the heating chamber and the quenching chamber, and a rack 38 meshed with the gear shaft 37 is arranged on the heat insulation door 32. In the present invention, the heating chamber and the quenching chamber are separated by the heat insulation door 32 to prevent the oil fume in the quenching chamber from entering the heating chamber and causing a fire.

[0038] In this embodiment, a silicon carbide rod 39 is installed in the heating chamber 3. First temperature sensors 40 are arranged on both sides inside the heating chamber 3, and a lighting lamp 41 is installed on the top of the heating chamber 3. A heating chamber furnace door 42 is arranged on the corresponding housing 1 of the heating chamber 3, and quick handle latches 44 are installed at the top and bottom of the heating chamber furnace door 42. The present invention is configured with quick handle latches 44, which can quickly open the heating chamber furnace door 42, facilitating the placement and removal of the workpiece 64.

[0039] In this embodiment, a second temperature sensor 45 and a fan 46 are arranged in the quenching cavity, and the cooling of the workpiece can be accelerated by the fan 46.

[0040] In this embodiment, an oil tank 47 and a water tank 48 are arranged in the external circulation oil tank 2. The oil tank 47 is located inside the water tank 48. The oil tank 47 is respectively connected to the quenching tank 4 through an oil suction pipe 5 and a return pipe 6, and a circulation pump 49 is arranged on the oil suction pipe 5. A heating rod 50 and a third temperature sensor 51 are installed in the water tank 48. The present invention is configured with an external circulation oil tank 2. The quenching tank 4 is connected to the oil tank 47 through the circulation pump 49, which is beneficial to the stability of the oil temperature and prevents local overheating. Moreover, an oil tank 47 and a water tank 48 are arranged in the external circulation oil tank 2, and the quenching oil is not directly heated. Instead, the quenching oil is indirectly heated by water conduction, ensuring safety.

[0041] In addition, the present invention is equipped with an adjustable temperature control system with a temperature range of 20 - 80 °C, which facilitates the heating of the quenching oil to meet the technical requirements.

[0042] In this embodiment, a vacuum pump 52 is arranged on one side of the external circulation oil tank 2. The vacuum pump 52 is connected to the inside of the housing 1 through a vacuum suction pipe 53. A vacuum pump switch 54 is arranged on the vacuum suction pipe 53, and an exhaust interface 55 is arranged on the vacuum pump 54. The air inside the housing 1 can be pumped out by the vacuum pump 52, and then protective gas is filled through the protective gas inlet 13, thus meeting the requirements of vacuum heat treatment experiments.

[0043] In this embodiment, a front side plate 56 is installed on the front of the housing 1. A horn push rod 57 is inserted through the front side plate 56. Through the horn push rod 57, the workpiece can be pushed from the first lifting platform 23 to the second lifting platform 29.

[0044] In this embodiment, a pick-up port furnace door 58 is arranged on the right side of the housing 1. The quenched workpiece 64 can be taken out from the pick-up port furnace door 58. An observation window 43 is arranged on the pick-up port furnace door 58. Through the observation window 43, the states of the workpiece after heating and quenching can be clearly observed.

[0045] In this embodiment, a left side door 59 is arranged on the left side of the housing 1, and a press-to-pop-up rotary door lock 60 is installed on the left side door 59.

[0046] In this embodiment, a drain pipe 65 is installed at the bottom end of the oil tank 47, a drain valve 62 is installed on the drain pipe 65, and a plug 63 is installed at the bottom end of the drain pipe. Under normal circumstances, the drain valve 62 is in the open state. When there are sediments in the oil tank 47 that need to be cleaned after the external circulation oil tank 2 has been used for a period of time, the drain valve 62 below the oil tank 47 is closed, a receiving box is placed below the oil tank 47, the plug 63 is removed, and the sediments can flow into the receiving box; after the sediments are cleaned, the plug 63 is plugged in again and the drain valve 62 is opened.

[0047] The present invention provides an external circulation oil tank, which connects the quenching tank and the oil tank through a circulation pump, facilitating the stability of the oil temperature and preventing local overheating; an oil tank and a water tank are arranged in the external circulation oil tank, and the quenching oil is not directly heated. Instead, the quenching oil is indirectly heated by water conduction, ensuring safety and avoiding the safety problems caused by direct heating of the quenching oil; the quenching temperature of the present invention is adjustable, and the sediments in the oil tank can be conveniently discharged. Air can also be pumped out and protective gas can be filled, and heat treatment quenching can be carried out under vacuum, making it safe, simple and reliable to use; the present invention is provided with temperature sensors at multiple places to achieve multi-point temperature measurement, ensuring that the heating temperature of the workpiece, the temperature after cooling, and the temperature of the quenching oil all meet the technical requirements.

[0048] The working process of the present invention is as follows:

[0049] 1) Open the furnace door of the heating chamber, place the workpiece at the heating position in the heating chamber, and close the furnace door of the heating chamber;

[0050] 2) Turn on the power switch, and the lighting lamp in the quenching chamber lights up;

[0051] 3) Turn on the vacuum pump switch to pump out the air in the housing;

[0052] 4) Fill the housing with protective gas through the protective gas inlet;

[0053] 5) Set the heating temperature of the workpiece on the control panel and start heating;

[0054] 6) The first temperature sensor automatically detects the temperature of the workpiece, and when the temperature of the workpiece displayed on the temperature control display screen reaches the required temperature, the heating automatically stops;

[0055] 7) After confirming that the horn push rod is at the outermost limit position, turn on the first lifting motor switch and lower the first lifting platform to the lower limit position set by the first lower limit travel switch;

[0056] 8) Turn on the partition door switch, the partition door lifting motor works, realizes commutation by driving the large bevel gear to rotate through the small bevel gear, and uses the shaft gear to mesh with the rack to lift the partition door upward;

[0057] 9) Lift the ram push rod connecting rod and push the ram push rod inward until it reaches the innermost limit position, then push the heated workpiece onto the second lifting platform inside;

[0058] 10) Pull the ram push rod outward. After it returns to the outermost limit position, close the insulating door switch and close the insulating door;

[0059] 11) Turn on the lifting instrument switch;

[0060] 12) Turn on the combination switch of the quenching lamp, fan, and water pump. At the same time, turn on the external circulating oil tank heating switch to heat the quenching oil in the quenching tank to the set temperature;

[0061] 13) When the temperature of the workpiece displayed on the monitor cools down to the set temperature value, turn on the switch of the second lifting motor and lower the second lifting platform to the lower limit position set by the second lower limit travel switch. The workpiece enters the quenching tank and starts quenching;

[0062] 14) After the workpiece quenching is completed, turn on the switch of the second lifting motor again to raise the second lifting platform to the upper limit position set by the second upper limit travel switch;

[0063] 15) Observe the state of the workpiece after heating and quenching through the high-temperature resistant glass observation window installed on the pick-up port furnace door;

[0064] 16) Open the pick-up port furnace door and take out the workpiece;

[0065] 17) After quenching is completed, turn on the first lifting motor to raise the first lifting platform to the upper limit position set by the first upper limit travel switch to facilitate the next quenching;

[0066] 18) Turn off the vacuum pump switch;

[0067] 19) Stop filling the protective gas into the equipment housing;

[0068] 20) Turn off the power supply.

[0069] In this specification, each embodiment is described in a progressive manner. The key point of each embodiment is to illustrate the differences from other embodiments. For the same or similar parts among the embodiments, reference can be made to each other. For the device disclosed in the embodiment, since it corresponds to the method disclosed in the embodiment, the description is relatively simple, and reference can be made to the description of the method part for related parts.

[0070] The foregoing description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A vacuum quenching furnace based on water conduction, characterized in that, it includes: a housing, a first lifting mechanism, a second lifting mechanism and an external circulating oil tank. Among them, a heating chamber and a quenching chamber are arranged inside the housing, a heating chamber is arranged at the top of the heating chamber, and the first lifting mechanism is located below the heating chamber; a quenching tank is arranged at the bottom of the quenching chamber, and the second lifting mechanism is located on one side of the quenching tank; the external circulating oil tank is arranged outside the housing and is respectively connected to the quenching tank through an oil suction pipe and a return pipe; The first lifting mechanism includes a first lifting motor, a first lead screw, a first lifting platform, a refractory heat insulation layer and refractory bricks. Among them, the first lifting motor is installed at the bottom of the heating chamber, the output end of the first lifting motor is in transmission connection with the first lead screw, the first lifting platform is slidably arranged in the heating chamber, and the edge of the first lifting platform is threadedly connected to the first lead screw. A refractory heat insulation layer and refractory bricks are sequentially arranged at the top end of the first lifting platform; a first upper limit switch and a first lower limit switch are arranged on the side wall of the heating chamber; The second lifting mechanism includes a second lifting motor, a second lead screw and a second lifting platform. Among them, the second lifting motor is installed at the bottom of the quenching chamber, the output end of the second lifting motor is in transmission connection with the second lead screw, the second lifting platform is slidably arranged in the quenching chamber, and the edge of the second lifting platform is threadedly connected to the second lead screw; a second upper limit switch and a second lower limit switch are arranged on the side wall of the quenching chamber; An insulation mechanism is installed between the heating chamber and the quenching chamber. The insulation mechanism includes an insulating door, an insulating door lifting motor, a reduction gearbox, a small bevel gear, a large bevel gear and a gear shaft. The insulating door lifting motor is installed in the housing, the reduction gearbox is located below the insulating door lifting motor, the small bevel gear is meshed with the large bevel gear and both are arranged in the reduction gearbox; the output end of the insulating door lifting motor is in transmission connection with the small bevel gear, one end of the large bevel gear away from the small bevel gear is connected with the gear shaft, the insulating door is arranged between the heating chamber and the quenching chamber, and a rack meshed with the gear shaft is arranged on the insulating door; An oil tank and a water tank are arranged in the external circulating oil tank. The oil tank is located in the water tank. The oil tank is respectively connected to the quenching tank through an oil suction pipe and a return pipe, and a cooling circulation pump is arranged on the oil suction pipe; a heating rod and a third temperature sensor are installed in the water tank.

2. The vacuum quenching furnace based on water conduction according to claim 1, characterized in that, silicon carbide rods are installed in the heating chamber, and first temperature sensors are arranged on both sides inside the heating chamber.

3. The vacuum quenching furnace based on water conduction according to claim 1, characterized in that, a second temperature sensor and a fan are arranged in the quenching chamber.

4. The vacuum quenching furnace based on water conduction according to claim 1, characterized in that, A vacuum pump is arranged on one side of the external circulating oil tank, and the vacuum pump is connected with the interior of the shell through a vacuum pumping pipe.

5. A water-conduction based vacuum quenching furnace according to claim 1, It is characterized in that A front side plate is installed on the front side of the shell, and a ram horn push rod is inserted on the front side plate.

6. A water-conduction based vacuum quenching furnace according to claim 1, It is characterized in that A control panel is installed on the shell, and the control panel is provided with a control screen, a display screen, a vacuum pressure gauge, an emergency stop switch, a USB flash drive interface, a protective gas inlet, an upper limit temperature indicator screen, a lower limit temperature indicator screen, a power indicator light, a quenching lamp switch, a fan switch, a circulation pump switch and an insulation door switch.

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