Reinforcement structure and reinforcement method of beam-masonry wall connection of ancient wooden structure house

Abstract

The invention discloses a reinforcement structure and method for the connection part of beam-masonry wall of a wooden structure house of an ancient building, wherein the reinforcement structure comprises an L-shaped plate symmetrically arranged relative to the wooden beam, the opposite side of the L-shaped plate is horizontally arranged and abuts against the wooden beam, the other side of the L-shaped plate abuts against the masonry wall and is vertically arranged, and the L-shaped plates are connected by fixing bolts and fixing nuts; a plurality of square holes are symmetrically provided on the L-shaped plate, and binding strips are cross-pierced in the square holes; the reinforcement method comprises prefabricating an L-shaped plate, a receiving plate and a pad according to the size of the wooden beam; connecting the two sides of the L-shaped plate to the wooden beam and the masonry wall respectively, and ensuring that the side where the L-shaped plate and the wooden beam meet is horizontally arranged; fixing the position of the L-shaped plate by fixing bolts and fixing nuts. The invention can solve the problem that the connection part between the wooden beam and the wall is prone to structural damage in the prior art, and has a simple structure, high reliability and convenient construction.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of civil engineering, and in particular to a reinforcement structure and a reinforcement method for a connection between a wooden beam and a masonry wall of an ancient building. Background Art

[0002] Stone itself has high compressive strength and good durability. It has been a traditional masonry material since ancient times, and it is easy to form traditional masonry techniques according to the characteristics of local building materials. Houses built with stone are warm in winter and cool in summer, and have good living comfort. However, for most houses, it is limited by the construction materials that can be used locally, and the terrain restrictions such as mountains and remote mountainous areas make it difficult to transport cement, sand and gravel and other materials to the construction site, so it is best to transport as little as possible. Many ancient buildings use mud mixed with clay and water as masonry materials, which is filled into irregular stones to build load-bearing walls, and this masonry method has been used to this day. The blocks are of different shapes and sizes and are loose materials. Due to the poor adhesion between the blocks and the clay, the caulking soil will fall off with long-term rain erosion, the constraints between the blocks will weaken, the shear resistance of the wall will deteriorate, and the bearing capacity will be severely reduced under the action of an earthquake, which will cause serious damage to the wall. There are many masonry-wood structures in ancient buildings. There are two types of blocks in this system: regular and irregular. Regular blocks are mostly used in buildings such as palaces, while irregular blocks are often used in residential houses. They exist in a spatial force system composed of wooden beams (wooden roof frames) and walls.

[0003] The structural form of the connection between the wooden beam and the block wall is to place the beam on the lower wall. This structural form determines that its bearing capacity is often lower than the bearing capacity of the component, which is the weak part of the structure and does not meet the seismic design principle of "strong nodes and weak rods". Due to natural disasters such as earthquakes and strong winds, coupled with the defects of the wood itself, the wooden beam will be pulled out and squeezed by the adjacent blocks under repeated action, making the wooden beam insertion hole in the masonry part larger, the connection will loosen, and then cause it to pull off, causing the roof to fall off. In order to restore and improve the overall seismic resistance of the masonry-wood structure house system, improve its durability, and better protect the cultural heritage of ancient Chinese buildings, it is particularly important to reasonably reinforce the connection between the wooden beam and the wall in the masonry-wood structure of ancient buildings, which can effectively avoid falling off and serious damage caused by insufficient local pressure on the wall.

[0004] At present, the commonly used methods for strengthening modern building structures mainly include increasing the cross-section, gluing steel plates, gluing fiber composite materials, adding fulcrums, etc. Due to the particularity of the repair and reinforcement of ancient buildings, in order to meet the repair and reinforcement principles of ancient buildings "minimum intervention, reversibility, recognizability, and no change in the force system of the original structure", it is necessary to appropriately improve the existing reinforcement methods to make them suitable for the reinforcement of ancient building masonry-wood structures.

[0005] Through the analysis of the damage mode of the existing reinforced damaged masonry-wood structure house wall beam system, it is found that the connection between the wooden beam and the wall is often seriously damaged. The main problems are that the ends of the wooden beams are pulled out from the wall, the wooden beams are cracked, the wooden beams are cracked, and vertical or oblique cracks appear in the wall next to the wooden beams. These are all due to disrepair, the wall mortar joints fall off or the blocks are weathered. The wooden beams will also be damaged by material aging and insect infestation in the natural environment. These damages will reduce the overall bearing capacity of the structure, resulting in partial damage to the building or even continuous collapse of the structure under the action of an earthquake. If new wood is completely used to replace the old beams, it will destroy the historical style of the ancient building, and it will not fundamentally solve the problem of further damage caused by the failure of the connection between the beam and the wall. At the same time, replacing the old wooden beams with new ones will also cause uncoordinated stiffness. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a reinforcement structure and a reinforcement method for the connection between beams and masonry walls of ancient wooden structures, which can solve the problem that the connection between wooden beams and walls in the prior art is prone to structural damage.

[0007] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0008] Provided is a reinforcement structure for the connection between beams and masonry walls of an ancient wooden structure house, comprising an L-shaped plate symmetrically arranged relative to the wooden beam, one side of the L-shaped plate being arranged horizontally and abutting against the wooden beam, and the other side of the L-shaped plate being abutting against the masonry wall and arranged vertically, and the L-shaped plates being connected by fixing bolts and fixing nuts;

[0009] The L-shaped plate is symmetrically provided with a number of square holes, in which binding strips are cross-threaded;

[0010] A receiving plate is arranged on the other side of the masonry wall opposite to the L-shaped plate, the receiving plate is opposite to the L-shaped plate, and receiving bolts and receiving nuts are arranged between the receiving plate and the vertical surface of the L-shaped plate;

[0011] Spacers are provided in the masonry wall at positions below the wooden beams.

[0012] The present invention also provides a method for reinforcing the above-mentioned ancient building wooden structure house beam-masonry wall connection part reinforcement structure, which comprises the following steps:

[0013] S1. Prefabricate L-shaped plates, receiving plates and pads according to the size of the wooden beams;

[0014] S2. Connect the two sides of the L-shaped plate to the wooden beam and the masonry wall respectively, and ensure that the side where the L-shaped plate connects to the wooden beam is arranged horizontally; fix the position of the L-shaped plate by fixing bolts and fixing nuts;

[0015] S3. Fix the lashing strips on the square holes of the L-shaped plate;

[0016] S4. Insert a spacer into the side of the masonry wall opposite to the L-shaped plate so that the spacer abuts against the bottom surface of the wooden beam;

[0017] S5. Install a receiving plate on the side of the masonry wall opposite to the L-shaped plate, and fix the relative positions of the receiving plate and the L-shaped plate with receiving bolts;

[0018] S6. Fill the structural adhesive layer between the L-shaped board and the masonry wall to complete the installation.

[0019] The main beneficial effects of the above-mentioned ancient building wooden structure house beam-masonry wall connection reinforcement structure provided by the present invention are:

[0020] The present invention effectively transmits the concentrated force generated by the wooden beam to the adjacent masonry wall by arranging L-shaped plates, receiving plates and other structures on the outer side of the existing wooden beam masonry wall structure, realizes stress dispersion, avoids local crushing of the wall, and limits the wooden beam from being pulled off the masonry wall. By arranging the L-shaped plate to abut against the wooden beam, the wooden beam is limited, the rotation of the wooden beam is limited, and the wooden beam is prevented from being pulled out, that is, the entire wooden beam and the masonry wall are strengthened. By arranging the pad, the concentrated force generated by the wooden beam is effectively transmitted to the lower masonry, and the local compressive resistance of the masonry wall under the wooden beam is further improved. By arranging the binding strips to cooperate with the fixing bolts, the fixing effect of the relative position of the L-shaped plate is further improved, and by utilizing the elasticity of the binding strips, the spacing of the L-shaped plates after being bound by the binding strips is further reduced relative to the spacing limited by the fixing bolts, thereby ensuring the relative elastic margin between the wooden beam and the L-shaped plate, which not only strengthens the limiting effect of the wooden beam, but also avoids structural damage to the contact surface of the wooden beam due to continuous extrusion. Thereby effectively enhancing the structural strength and service life of the wood beam-masonry wall connection.

[0021] And because the positional relationship of each component is simple and clear, it does not rely on specific dimensional relationships and does not require precise measurement, thus ensuring the reliability of its structure and construction.

[0022] The reinforcement structure provided by this solution overcomes the defect that the reinforcement of the existing masonry-timber structure house system will cause the destruction of the overall structure, avoids further damage to the original wooden components by screw connection, and ensures the reliability of the connection between the binding strips and the wooden beams. It can effectively improve the bearing capacity of beam-column components and connection nodes, and can be widely used in the repair and reinforcement of the wall beam system of ancient wooden structure houses.

[0023] This wall-wooden beam reinforcement process is mainly suitable for situations where the wall is a regular block, and the wall is built with mud masonry. The construction process is simple, does not damage the original stone blocks, and greatly reduces the construction workload.

[0024] The reinforcement method of the present invention has simple process and low dependence on the technology of skilled workers. Ordinary workers can carry out the construction of the reinforcement process. The materials used are light in weight, easy to carry, and highly adaptable. The steel bars can be bent into hooks by using a wrench, and the quality is easily guaranteed.

[0025] Moreover, the reinforcement parts are all factory-produced, transported to the construction site for assembly, and connected with long screws, without the need for on-site welding, so the construction quality is easy to ensure. The reinforcement parts are light in weight, easy to carry and assemble, do not add extra load, have low cost, and simple and convenient construction process; at the same time, they meet the repair and reinforcement principles of "minimum intervention", "no change to the original appearance of the building" and "reversibility" of ancient buildings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 2 It is a structural diagram of the docking plate.

[0028] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the connection relationship between L-shaped plates.

[0029] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the positional relationship between the tying strips and the wooden beams.

[0030] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram showing the positional relationship between the pads, wooden beams and masonry walls.

[0031] Figure 6 It is a flowchart of the reinforcement method.

[0032] Among them, 1. wooden beam, 2. L-shaped plate, 21. fixing bolts, 22. fixing nuts, 23. square holes, 24. binding strips, 3. connecting plates, 31. connecting bolts, 32. connecting nuts, 33. spacers, 4. masonry walls. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:

[0034] like Figure 1 As shown, it is a structural schematic diagram of the reinforcement structure of the beam-masonry wall connection of an ancient wooden structure house.

[0035] The reinforcement structure of the connection part between the beam and the masonry wall of the ancient wooden structure house of the present invention comprises an L-shaped plate 2 symmetrically arranged relative to the wooden beam 1, one side of the L-shaped plate 2 is horizontally arranged and abuts against the wooden beam 1, and the other side of the L-shaped plate 2 abuts against the masonry wall 4 and is vertically arranged, and the L-shaped plates 2 are connected by fixing bolts 21 and fixing nuts 22. Figure 3 The L-shaped plate 2 is used to limit the rotation of the wooden beam 1 relative to the masonry wall connection.

[0036] The L-shaped plate 2 is symmetrically provided with a plurality of square holes 23, and the square holes 23 are cross-pierced with binding strips 24, and the binding strips 24 cooperate with the fixing bolts 21 to enhance the fixing effect. Figure 4 shown.

[0037] like Figure 2 As shown, a receiving plate 3 is provided on the other side of the masonry wall 4 opposite to the L-shaped plate 2. The receiving plate 3 is opposite to the L-shaped plate 2. A receiving bolt 31 and a receiving nut 32 are provided between the vertical surfaces of the receiving plate 3 and the L-shaped plate 2 to fix the relative position of the receiving plate 3. Through the receiving plate 3, the pressure of the connection between the wooden beam 1 and the masonry wall 4 is dispersed to the surface of the masonry wall 2 connected to the receiving plate 3, thereby reducing local stress concentration and achieving the effect of strengthening the connection.

[0038] A spacer block 33 is provided at the position below the wooden beam 1 in the masonry wall 4 to enhance the structural strength of the masonry wall 4 below the wooden beam 1. Figure 5 shown.

[0039] Specifically, there are four square holes 23 which are symmetrically arranged with respect to the axial direction of the wooden beam 1 so as to install the tying strips 24 .

[0040] The parts of the tying strips 24 located on the back of the same L-shaped board 2 cross each other; the parts of the tying strips 24 located between the two L-shaped boards 2 are parallel to the vertical plane and the two parts of the tying strips 24 located on the same vertical side of the wooden beam 1 cross each other. Thus, the effect of fixing two L-shaped boards 2 by one tying strip is achieved.

[0041] There are eight fixing bolts 21 and they are symmetrically arranged with respect to the axial direction of the wooden beam 1; there are eight receiving bolts 31 and four of them are symmetrically installed on the vertical surface of each L-shaped plate 2 to ensure the relative fixing effect.

[0042] The width of the connecting plate 3 is greater than the width of the vertical surface of the L-shaped plate 2, and the length of the connecting plate 3 is greater than the sum of the lengths of the two L-shaped vertical surfaces and the height of the vertical surface of the wooden beam 1, so as to ensure the stress diffusion effect and avoid the stress between the wooden beam 1 and the masonry wall 4 from concentrating on the masonry wall 4 on the side where the L-shaped plate is located, thereby weakening the reinforcement effect.

[0043] A structural adhesive layer is filled between the L-shaped plate 2 and the masonry wall 4, so that the L-shaped plate 2 and the masonry wall 4 are firmly adhered to each other, the cooperative working ability between the two is improved, damage along the interface between the two is avoided, and the corrosion resistance of the L-shaped plate 2 is improved.

[0044] Preferably, the L-shaped plate 2 is an angle steel, the tying strip 24 is a carbon fiber cloth, the receiving plate 3 is a rectangular steel plate, and the cushion block 33 is a steel plate, so as to facilitate processing and production and ensure that the strength of the material meets the requirements.

[0045] The present invention also provides a reinforcement method based on the above reinforcement structure, such as Figure 6 As shown, it includes the following steps:

[0046] S1. Prefabricate L-shaped plates 2, receiving plates 3 and spacers 33 according to the size of wooden beams 1.

[0047] Furthermore, the horizontal width of the L-shaped plate 2 is greater than the width of the vertical section of the wood beam 1, and the length of the spacer 33 along the axial direction of the wood beam 1 is less than the thickness of the masonry wall 4. The dimension relationship between the receiving plate 3 and the L-shaped plate 2 satisfies that the width of the receiving plate 3 is greater than the width of the vertical surface of the L-shaped plate 2, and the length of the receiving plate 3 is greater than the sum of the lengths of the two L-shaped vertical surfaces and the height of the vertical surface of the wood beam 1.

[0048] S2. Connect the two side surfaces of the L-shaped plate 2 to the wooden beam 1 and the masonry wall 4 respectively, and ensure that the side surface of the L-shaped plate 2 connected to the wooden beam 1 is arranged horizontally; fix the position of the L-shaped plate 2 by fixing bolts 21 and fixing nuts 22.

[0049] S3. Fix the tying strip 24 on the square hole of the L-shaped plate 2.

[0050] Further, the method of fixing the lashing strip 24 is:

[0051] S3-1, start from any square hole 23 on the L-shaped plate 2 on one side.

[0052] S3-2, pass the tying strip 24 through the L-shaped plate 2 on the side, and pass it through the square hole 23 at the lower side in the same vertical plane to the L-shaped plate 2 on the other side.

[0053] S3-3, after passing through the square hole 23 of the L-shaped plate 2 on the other side, pass through the L-shaped plate 2 again from the square hole 23 diagonally opposite.

[0054] S3-4, repeat steps S3-2 and S3-3 until the binding strip 24 returns to the square hole 23 where it started.

[0055] S3-5, connect the tying strip 24 end to end to complete the fixation of the tying strip 24.

[0056] When connecting the ends, tighten the binding strips 24 until there is a gap between the L-shaped plate 2 and the fixing nut 22, and then connect and fix them to ensure the connection effect.

[0057] S4. Insert a spacer block 33 into the side surface of the masonry wall 4 opposite to the L-shaped plate 2 so that the spacer block 33 abuts against the bottom surface of the wooden beam 1.

[0058] The pad 33 can be installed after supporting the wooden beam 1 by a jacking tool.

[0059] Preferably, after inserting the pad 33, mud is added to the gap to form a mortar joint layer to avoid affecting the overall structural strength of the masonry wall 4. Steel fibers are mixed into the mud to significantly improve the ability to prevent rainwater from eroding and to improve the anti-cracking ability of the mortar joint layer.

[0060] S5. Install the receiving plate 3 on the side of the masonry wall 4 opposite to the L-shaped plate 2, and fix the relative positions of the receiving plate 3 and the L-shaped plate 2 with receiving bolts 31.

[0061] S6. Fill a structural adhesive layer between the L-shaped plate 2 and the masonry wall 4 to complete the installation.

[0062] After the structural adhesive layer hardens, the entire installation process is completed and the reinforcement of the connection is completed.

[0063] The above describes the specific embodiments of the present invention to facilitate those skilled in the art to understand the present invention, but it should be clear that the present invention is not limited to the scope of the specific embodiments. For those of ordinary skill in the art, as long as various changes are within the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined and determined by the attached claims, these changes are obvious, and all inventions and creations using the concept of the present invention are protected.

Claims

1. A reinforcement structure for the connection between beams and masonry walls of an ancient wooden structure house, characterized in that: It includes an L-shaped plate symmetrically arranged relative to the wooden beam, one side of the L-shaped plate is arranged horizontally and abuts against the wooden beam, and the other side of the L-shaped plate abuts against the masonry wall and is arranged vertically, and the L-shaped plates are connected by fixing bolts and fixing nuts; The L-shaped plate is symmetrically provided with a plurality of square holes, in which tying strips are cross-pierced; there are four square holes and they are symmetrically arranged with respect to the axial direction of the wood beam; the tying strips located on the back of the same L-shaped plate cross each other; the tying strips located between the two L-shaped plates are parallel to the vertical plane and the two tying strips located on the same vertical side of the wood beam cross each other; A receiving plate is arranged on the other side of the masonry wall opposite to the L-shaped plate, the receiving plate is opposite to the L-shaped plate, and receiving bolts and receiving nuts are arranged between the receiving plate and the vertical surface of the L-shaped plate; there are eight fixing bolts in total and they are arranged symmetrically with respect to the axial direction of the wooden beam; there are eight receiving bolts in total and four of them are symmetrically installed on the vertical surface of each L-shaped plate; Spacers are provided in the masonry wall at locations on the underside of the timber beams; The L-shaped plate is an angle steel, the binding strip is a carbon fiber cloth, the receiving plate is a rectangular steel plate, and the cushion block is a steel plate.

2. The ancient building wooden structure house beam-masonry wall connection reinforcement structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The width of the receiving plate is greater than the width of the vertical surface of the L-shaped plate, and the length of the receiving plate is greater than the sum of the lengths of the two L-shaped vertical surfaces and the height of the vertical surface of the wooden beam.

3. The ancient building wooden structure house beam-masonry wall connection reinforcement structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: A structural adhesive layer is filled between the L-shaped plate and the masonry wall.

4. A method for reinforcing the beam-masonry wall connection reinforcement structure of an ancient wooden structure house according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The steps include: S1. Prefabricate L-shaped plates, receiving plates and pads according to the size of the wooden beams; S2. Connect the two sides of the L-shaped plate to the wooden beam and the masonry wall respectively, and ensure that the side where the L-shaped plate connects to the wooden beam is arranged horizontally; fix the position of the L-shaped plate by fixing bolts and fixing nuts; S3. Fix the lashing strips on the square holes of the L-shaped plate; S4. Insert a spacer into the side of the masonry wall opposite to the L-shaped plate so that the spacer abuts against the bottom surface of the wooden beam; S5. Install a receiving plate on the side of the masonry wall opposite to the L-shaped plate, and fix the relative positions of the receiving plate and the L-shaped plate with receiving bolts; S6. Fill the structural adhesive layer between the L-shaped board and the masonry wall to complete the installation.

5. The reinforcement method of the beam-masonry wall connection reinforcement structure of the ancient wooden structure house according to claim 4, characterized in that: The horizontal width of the L-shaped plate is greater than the width of the vertical section of the wooden beam, and the length of the pad along the axial direction of the wooden beam is less than the thickness of the masonry wall.

6. The reinforcement method of the beam-masonry wall connection reinforcement structure of the ancient wooden structure house according to claim 4, characterized in that: The method for fixing the lashing strip is: S3-1, start from any square hole on the L-shaped plate on one side; S3-2, pass the lashing strip through the L-shaped plate on the side, and pass it through the square hole at the lower side in the same vertical plane to the L-shaped plate on the other side; S3-3, after passing through the square hole of the L-shaped plate on the other side, pass through the L-shaped plate again from the square hole diagonally opposite; S3-4, repeat steps S3-2 and S3-3 until the tying strip returns to the square hole where it started; S3-5. Connect the ends of the tying strip to complete the fixation of the tying strip.

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