A rolling and forging dual-purpose rolling mill and combined unit
By improving the rolling mill structure, the combined production of rolling and forging is achieved, the problems of high energy consumption and high production costs in the prior art are solved, the homogeneity and dimensional accuracy of the products are improved, and the production costs are reduced.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202011479993.7
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Patents(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2020-12-16
- Publication Date
- 2024-12-13
- Estimated Expiration
- 2040-12-16
AI Technical Summary
The prior art cannot efficiently realize the combined production of rolling and forging in a set of units, resulting in high energy consumption, high production costs and poor internal quality of the product.
By improving the structure of the double rolling mill and quadruple rolling mill, combining the advantages of forging and rolling equipment, a roll forging dual-purpose combined unit is designed, using work rollers, support rollers with platform hole type and roll slot position sensors and The hydraulic pressing device realizes the switching between rolling and forging, and uses a brake motor and a separation hydraulic cylinder to achieve flexibility and accuracy in deformation.
The combined production of rolling and forging is realized, which improves the homogeneity and dimensional accuracy of the product, reduces energy consumption and production costs, and improves production efficiency.
Smart Images
Figure CN112743018B_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The invention relates to the field of metal pressure processing, in particular to a rolling and forging combined machine set. Background Art
[0002] Metal products are generally obtained by smelting and casting ores and then pressure processing. In the process of casting metal into billets, the billets will inevitably produce some defects such as looseness, shrinkage, microcracks, segregation, and pores. In order to obtain products with better performance, pressure processing methods such as rolling, forging, and extrusion are generally used. After a certain degree of pressure processing, the cast structure can be destroyed, and the defects such as looseness, shrinkage, microcracks, and pores can be pressed together, and the uniformity of the structure and mechanical properties are greatly improved. Both rolling and forging belong to pressure processing methods. The difference is that forging uses the up, down, left, and right movements of the hammer or anvil to forge and deform the billet until it is a finished product; rolling is to use the rotating roller driven by the motor and the transmission system to roll and deform the billet.
[0003] During the forging process, the forging press can apply a large forging pressure to the blank, and the deformation is large at one time. The blank is subjected to strong three-dimensional compressive stress during processing, and the deformation is deep and deep. Large blanks are easy to refine grains, and cracks, shrinkage and shrinkage holes inside the blank can be compacted. After multiple fires and forging, segregation can be diffused, harmful metallographic structures can be improved, and the performance and homogeneity of the finished product can be improved, which is particularly beneficial for large forgings and products with special properties. Combined with the forging press and auxiliary tools, the blank can be upset, stretched, rounded, extruded, etc. The deformation method is flexible and the product shape is diverse, which is conducive to the needs of small batches and multiple varieties. Because the product is heated by multiple fires, the energy consumption is high, and the forging size accuracy is not high, a large processing allowance must be left to ensure the final product size, the yield rate is low, the efficiency is low, and the cost is high.
[0004] During the rolling process, the blank is processed continuously by the rotation of the rollers, which has high efficiency, low energy consumption, high product dimensional accuracy, high yield rate and low production cost. Due to the "bite condition", roller strength and motor power, the deformation amount of each pass is limited. The stress state of pressure processing is mainly plane deformation, and the three-dimensional compressive stress state is weak. The deformation is mainly along the rolling direction. The product organization is directional, and its deformation depth is not as good as forging. The internal quality of the product is affected to a certain extent. Due to the influence of the roller shape, it mainly produces shafts and plates, which are suitable for mass production.
[0005] Chinese patent application number CN101249603B proposes a rolling and forging integrated process and rolling and forging equipment for high-strength and high-hardness alloys. In this patent, in each deformation process, the forging and rolling of the billet are carried out successively, and the stress state in the rolling deformation stage is basically the same as that of ordinary rolling, which has limited effect on improving the internal quality of the material. In addition, the feeding of the billet is intermittent during the processing process, and the billet moves forward one step after each rolling and forging. This method is an improvement on the forging method, but lacks the continuity, high efficiency and high precision of the rolling deformation of the billet in the entire length direction.
[0006] Chinese patent application No. 201410224157.2 proposes a forging and rolling composite flexible forming equipment. The equipment adds main and auxiliary rollers and a core roller for fixing a hollow rotating body on the basis of a forging press. The equipment is mainly used for three-roller cross-rolling of rotating parts. When forging deformation is required, the forging die is replaced. When rolling deformation is required, the forging die is removed and replaced with a roller device. The main roller is connected to the transmission system such as the motor before the rotating part is subjected to three-roller cross-rolling. During the tool replacement process, the blank needs to be returned to the furnace for heat preservation or reheating. If the equipment is to intersperse rolling and forging deformation, the forging and rolling dies need to be replaced frequently, and the blank also needs to frequently enter the heating equipment for heat preservation or heating. Therefore, the rolling and forging processes carried out on the equipment are actually carried out separately.
[0007] For workpieces that need both rolling and forging, they can only be processed in reverse order between different units. Since the reversal time is long, the workpieces have to be reheated many times, which will inevitably lead to an increase in heat energy and burning loss, and energy consumption and production costs remain high. At present, there are no reports on the combined production of rolling and forging in one unit. Summary of the invention
[0008] The purpose of the present invention is to propose a combined rolling and forging machine unit, which overcomes the shortcomings of the prior art, combines the advantages of forging and rolling, improves the structures on the double rolling mill and the quadruple rolling mill, can realize both rolling and forging, has the internal quality improvement brought by the deep deformation of forging, and has the high efficiency of rolling and high precision of external dimensions, can improve the homogeneity of the product, and reduce energy consumption and production costs.
[0009] To achieve the above object, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions:
[0010] One of the technical solutions: A rolling and forging dual-purpose rolling mill, which is a double type, includes an upper working roll, a lower working roll, a hydraulic pressing device and a main motor, characterized in that at least one platform hole is correspondingly provided on the upper working roll and the lower working roll, a roll gap position sensor is provided at the platform hole, and the upper working roll and the lower working roll have cylindrical surfaces in the circumferential direction and / or axial direction outside the platform hole; the main motor is a motor with a brake.
[0011] Technical solution 2: A rolling and forging dual-purpose rolling mill, which is a quadruple type, including an upper working roll, a lower working roll, an upper support roll, a lower support roll, a hydraulic pressing device and a main motor, characterized in that at least one platform hole is correspondingly provided on the upper working roll and the lower working roll, and a roll gap position sensor is provided at the platform hole, and the upper working roll and the lower working roll are cylindrical rolling holes in the circumferential direction and / or axial direction outside the platform hole; the main motor is a motor with a brake; a separation hydraulic cylinder is respectively provided between the upper support roll and the upper working roll, and between the lower support roll and the lower working roll, the upper support roll and the lower support roll are connected to the frame through a bearing seat, and the upper support roll and the lower support roll can be raised and lowered and rotated relative to the frame.
[0012] Technical solution three: A rolling and forging dual-purpose rolling mill, which is a quadruple type, including an upper working roll, a lower working roll, an upper support beam, a lower support beam, a hydraulic pressing device and a main motor, characterized in that at least one platform hole is correspondingly provided on the upper working roll and the lower working roll, and a roll gap position sensor is provided at the platform hole, and the upper working roll and the lower working roll have a cylindrical rolling hole in the circumferential direction and / or axial direction outside the platform hole; the main motor is a motor with a brake; a separation hydraulic cylinder is respectively provided between the upper support beam and the upper working roll, and between the lower support beam and the lower working roll, the upper support beam, the lower support beam and the frame are connected by a support beam positioning device, and the upper support beam and the lower support beam can only be lifted and moved relative to the frame, and cannot rotate.
[0013] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: combining the advantages of the forging and rolling equipment structures, by improving the structures on ordinary double-layer rolling mills and quadruple-layer rolling mills, it is possible to realize the switching of rolling and forging deformation on one rolling mill, which can realize both rolling and forging, and has the advantages of improved internal quality due to the deep deformation of forging, improved product homogeneity, and high efficiency of rolling and high precision of external dimensions, which improves production efficiency, good internal quality of products, precise external dimensions, and significantly reduces energy consumption and production costs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0014] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a first embodiment of a rolling and forging dual-purpose combined unit of the present invention, which is a double rolling mill combined unit.
[0015] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Left view of .
[0016] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the working roll matching roll and platform hole type in Example 1 of the present invention.
[0017] Figure 4It is a structural schematic diagram of the second embodiment of the rolling and forging dual-purpose combined unit of the present invention, which is a quadruple rolling mill combined unit.
[0018] Figure 5 yes Figure 4 Left view of .
[0019] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the separation hydraulic cylinder between the working roll and the support roll in the second embodiment of the present invention. The structure in the third embodiment is the same.
[0020] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the matching rolls of the working roll and the support roll in the second embodiment of the present invention, and the platform hole type is distributed in one place in the circumferential direction.
[0021] Figure 8 It is a structural schematic diagram of the third embodiment of the rolling and forging dual-purpose combined unit of the present invention, which is a quadruple rolling mill combined unit in which the support rollers are replaced by support beams.
[0022] Fig. 9 yes Figure 8 Left view of .
[0023] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the matching rolls of the working roll and the support roll in the second embodiment of the present invention, and the platform hole type is symmetrically distributed at two locations in the upper and lower directions of the circumferential direction.
[0024] Fig.11 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional shape of the support beam in the third embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, the cross-sectional shape of the support beam is rectangular.
[0025] Fig.12 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional shape of the support beam in the third embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, the cross-sectional shape of the support beam is an I-shape.
[0026] In the figure: 1-frame, 2-lower working roll bearing seat, 3-lower working roll, 4-blank, 5-universal joint, 6-gear frame, 7-reducer, 8-motor brake, 9-main motor, 10-roller gap position sensor, 11-roller table, 12 pusher, 13-steel turning machine, 14-upper working roll balance, 15-upper roll electric pressing transmission mechanism, 16-roller axial baffle, 17-upper working roll electric pressing screw, 18-upper working roll, 19-flat Table hole type, 20-upper working roll hydraulic pressing device, 21-upper working roll bearing seat, 41-lower support roll, 42-lower support roll bearing seat, 43-upper support roll balance, 44-upper support roll, 45-upper support roll bearing seat, 46-lower working roll separation hydraulic cylinder, 47-upper working roll separation hydraulic cylinder, 51-lower support beam, 52-lower support beam positioning device, 53-upper support beam balance, 54-upper support beam, 55-upper support beam positioning device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0027] The following will be combined with the accompanying drawings in the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0028] See Figure 1 - Figure 3 , is a structural schematic diagram of the first embodiment of the present invention, which is a combined unit composed of a double rolling mill, including a frame 1, a lower working roll bearing seat 2, a reducer 7, a main motor 9, an upper working roll 18, a lower working roll 3, a universal joint 5, a gear frame 6, a roller table 11, a pusher 12 and a steel turning machine 13. The main motor 9 is provided with a motor brake 8, and the hydraulic pressing device is composed of an upper roll electric pressing transmission mechanism 15, an upper working roll electric pressing screw rod 17, an upper working roll hydraulic pressing device 20, and an upper working roll bearing seat 21. A platform hole 19 is provided on the upper working roll 18 and the lower working roll 3, and a signal collection end of a roll gap position sensor 10 is provided at the platform hole. The upper working roll and the lower working roll are cylindrical surfaces in the circumferential direction and axial direction outside the platform hole 19.
[0029] The diameter of the upper working roll 18 and the lower working roll 3 is 1200mm, the roll length is 2800mm, and the size of the platform hole 19 is 900×502mm. Figure 3. After the billet 4 is heated to 1250℃ in the soaking furnace, it enters the rolling and forging combined unit. First, the billet 4 enters the platform hole 19, and then the large surface of the billet 4 is forged and deformed for 3 times, with each forging amount of 50mm and each feed amount of 200mm. After 2 forging passes, the large head size of the billet 4 is 850×500mm, and the small head size is 800×500mm. Then the push bed 12 is used to move the billet 4 to the rolling hole 31, and flat rolling and shaping are first performed for 1 pass to eliminate the thickness deviation and joint marks caused by different forging. Then the steel turning hook 13 and the push bed 12 are used to turn the billet 4 90 degrees, and the billet 4 is vertically rolled in the rolling hole 31 for 1 pass, with a pass reduction of 25mm, and the size of the billet 4 becomes 825×500mm. The blank 4 is turned 90 degrees and enters the platform hole 19 again. The blank 4 is forged 2 more times in the platform hole 19, with each forging amount of 50mm and a feed amount of 200mm. The size of the blank 4 becomes 850×400mm. The blank 4 enters the rolling hole 31 for shaping and rolling. After turning the steel, it enters the rolling hole 32 for one vertical rolling. The size of the blank 4 becomes 800×400mm. After turning the steel, it enters the rolling hole 31 for four flat rolling. The size of the blank 4 becomes 820×260mm. The steel is turned into the rolling hole 33 for vertical rolling. Then the steel is turned into the rolling hole 31 for four flat rolling. The size of the blank 4 becomes 835×120mm. The steel is turned into the rolling hole 34 for vertical rolling. The size of the blank 4 becomes 806×120mm. The steel is turned into the rolling hole 31 again, and a finished product of 810×100mm is rolled out. The large surface of the steel ingot is deformed by 5 forging passes, which can press the looseness and shrinkage holes in the center, and the finished product is accurate in size. Rolling pass types 31, 32, 33, and 34 are all conventional rolling pass types.
[0030] See Figure 4 - Figure 7 , is a structural schematic diagram of the second embodiment of the present invention, which is a combined unit composed of four rolling mills, including a frame 1, a lower working roll bearing seat 2, a reducer 7, a main motor 9, an upper working roll 18, a lower working roll 3, an upper support roll 44, a lower support roll 41, a lower support roll bearing seat 42, an upper support roll bearing seat 45, a universal joint 5, a gear machine seat 6, a roller table 11, a pusher 12 and a steel turning machine 13, and a motor brake 8 is provided on the main motor 9. A platform hole 19 is provided on the upper working roll 18 and the lower working roll 3, and a signal collection end of a roll gap position sensor 10 is provided at the platform hole. The upper working roll and the lower working roll are cylindrical surfaces in the circumferential direction and axial direction outside the platform hole 19. An upper working roll separation hydraulic cylinder 47 is provided between the upper support roll 44 and the upper working roll 18, and a lower working roll separation hydraulic cylinder 46 is provided between the lower support roll 41 and the lower working roll 3.
[0031] When the upper working roll separation hydraulic cylinder 47 and the lower working roll separation hydraulic cylinder 46 retract, the upper support roll 44 contacts the upper working roll 18, and the lower support roll 41 contacts the lower working roll 3. At this time, the upper working roll 18 and the lower working roll 3 rotate for conventional rolling, and the upper support roll 44 and the lower support roll 41 rotate synchronously with the working rolls. At this time, it is the working mode of the quadruple rolling mill combined unit.
[0032] When the upper working roll separation hydraulic cylinder 47 and the lower working roll separation hydraulic cylinder 46 extend out, the upper support roll 44 and the upper working roll 18 disengage, and the lower support roll 41 and the lower working roll 3 disengage. At this time, the upper working roll 18 and the lower working roll 3 rotate for conventional rolling, but the upper support roll 44 and the lower support roll 41 do not rotate with the working rolls. In this way, the working mode of the quadruple rolling mill combined unit is converted to the working mode of the double rolling and forging combined unit.
[0033] In the second embodiment, the blank 4 can be continuously rolled directly by using the remaining arc portion of the platform pass 19 of the upper working roll 18 and the lower working roll 3 after the forging operation, and the blank 4 whose length is less than the arc portion can be rolled and deformed by using the arc segment. If the blank 4 rolled in the platform hole is longer than the length of the arc portion, the position of the bite point of the blank 4 can be controlled by feedback control of the motor position sensor 10 to be near the midpoint of the arc segment of the platform pass, while keeping the roll gap unchanged, rolling one pass, and rolling the convex part flat. The blank 4 in the embodiment can also be rolled flat at the convex part in other rolling pass types as needed.
[0034] See Figure 8 - Fig. 9 , is a structural schematic diagram of the third embodiment of the present invention, which is a combined unit composed of four rolling mills, including a frame 1, a lower working roll bearing seat 2, a reducer 7, a main motor 9, an upper working roll 18, a lower working roll 3, a lower support beam 51, a lower support beam positioning device 52, an upper support beam balance 53, an upper support beam 54, an upper support beam positioning device 55, a universal joint 5, a gear machine base 6, a roller table 11, a push bed 12 and a steel turning machine 13, and a motor brake 8 on the main motor 9. A platform hole 19 is provided on the upper working roll 18 and the lower working roll 3, and a signal collection end of a roll gap position sensor 10 is provided at the platform hole. The upper working roll and the lower working roll are cylindrical surfaces in the circumferential direction and axial direction outside the platform hole 19; the main motor 9 is a brake-type servo motor. An upper working roll separation hydraulic cylinder 47 is provided between the upper support beam 54 and the upper working roll 18, and a lower working roll separation hydraulic cylinder 46 is provided between the lower support beam 51 and the lower working roll 3.
[0035] When the forging pressure is large, in order to reduce the impact of forging, the upper support beam 54 and the lower support beam 51 are connected to the frame 1 using an upper support beam positioning device 55 and a lower support beam positioning device 52. In order to reduce the contact stress between the upper support beam 54 and the lower support beam 51 and the corresponding working rolls, the contact length or contact area between the support roll and the working roll can be increased.
[0036] In Example 3, after the forging is completed, when the upper working roll separation hydraulic cylinder 47 and the lower working roll separation hydraulic cylinder 46 need to be extended, the upper support beam 54 and the upper working roll 18 are disengaged, and the lower support beam 51 and the lower working roll 3 are disengaged. At this time, the upper working roll 18 and the lower working roll 3 can be rotated for conventional rolling, and the upper support beam 54 and the lower support beam 51 do not rotate with the working rolls, and the combined unit is in the double rolling and forging combined unit working mode.
[0037] The support beam can only move up and down, thereby simplifying the support roller bearing seat structure and reducing manufacturing costs. The structure of the support beam can be in various forms, with rectangular, circular, I-shaped or polygonal cross-sectional structures.
[0038] like Figure 10-12 As shown, the number of platform holes 19 in the circumferential direction can be two, forming two platform sections, or 4 sections, 6 sections, etc., so that the contact between the upper working roll 18, the lower working roll 3 and the upper support beam 54 and the lower support beam 51 changes from the line contact between the two cylinders to the contact between the planes, which can greatly reduce the contact stress between the two. The surfaces of the upper support beam 54 and the lower support beam 51 can also be processed into surfaces that match the lower working roll 3 and the upper working roll 18 to increase the contact area and reduce the contact stress.
[0039] The above embodiments are only specific examples selected to illustrate the purpose, technical solutions and beneficial effects of the present invention in detail, but should not limit the scope of protection of the invention. All modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made without violating the spirit and principles of the present invention should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims
1. A rolling and forging dual-purpose mill, which is a double-type mill, comprising an upper working roll, a lower working roll, a hydraulic press-down device and a main motor, It is characterized in that At least one platform hole is correspondingly provided on the upper working roll and the lower working roll, and a roll gap position sensor is provided at the platform hole. The upper working roll and the lower working roll have cylindrical surfaces in the circumferential direction and the axial direction outside the platform hole. The main motor is a motor with a brake. The hydraulic pressing device is composed of an upper roll electric pressing transmission mechanism, an upper working roll electric pressing screw, an upper working roll hydraulic pressing device, and an upper working roll bearing seat.
2. A rolling and forging dual-purpose mill, which is a quadruple type, comprising an upper working roll, a lower working roll, an upper support roll, a lower support roll, a hydraulic press device and a main motor, It is characterized in that At least one platform hole is correspondingly provided on the upper working roll and the lower working roll, and a roll gap position sensor is provided at the platform hole. The upper working roll and the lower working roll are cylindrical rolling holes in the circumferential direction and the axial direction outside the platform hole. The main motor is a motor with a brake. Separation hydraulic cylinders are respectively provided between the upper support roll and the upper working roll, and between the lower support roll and the lower working roll. The upper support roll, the lower support roll and the frame are connected through a bearing seat, and the upper support roll and the lower support roll can be lifted and rotated relative to the frame. After the forging operation, the billet is directly continuously rolled using the remaining arc portion of the platform pass of the upper working roll and the lower working roll, and the arc portion can be used to roll and deform the billet whose length is less than the length of the arc portion; If the billet rolled in the platform hole profile is longer than the length of the arc part, the feedback control of the motor position sensor is used to control the bite point of the billet to be near the midpoint of the arc part of the platform hole profile, while keeping the roll gap unchanged and rolling in one pass to flatten the protrusion.
3. A rolling and forging dual-purpose mill according to claim 2, It is characterized in that The cross-sectional shapes of the upper support roller and the lower support roller are circular.
4. A rolling and forging dual-purpose mill, which is a quadruple type, comprising an upper working roll, a lower working roll, an upper support beam, a lower support beam, a hydraulic press device and a main motor, It is characterized in that At least one platform hole is correspondingly provided on the upper working roll and the lower working roll, and a roll gap position sensor is provided at the platform hole. The upper working roll and the lower working roll are cylindrical rolling holes in the circumferential direction and axial direction outside the platform hole; the main motor is a motor with a brake; a separation hydraulic cylinder is respectively provided between the upper support beam and the upper working roll, and between the lower support beam and the lower working roll, and the upper support beam, the lower support beam and the frame are connected by a support beam positioning device, and the upper support beam and the lower support beam can only be lifted and moved relative to the frame but cannot be rotated; the cross-sectional shape of the upper support beam and the lower support beam is any one of a circular, rectangular, and I-shaped shape; the number of segments of the platform hole in the circumferential direction of the working roll is 1 to 12, distributed around the circumference, and the width of the platform hole is 50 mm to the entire roll body length.
5. A rolling and forging dual-purpose mill according to claim 4, It is characterized in that The contact surfaces of the upper support beam and the lower support beam with the corresponding working rolls are provided with plane surfaces and arc surfaces matching the contours of the corresponding working rolls.
6. A rolling and forging combined unit, consisting of a roller table, a pusher, a steel turning machine and a rolling mill. It is characterized in that The rolling mill is any one of the rolling mills described in claims 1-5.