Lining structure of steelmaking emergency ladle and its masonry method

Abstract

The invention provides an inner lining structure of a steel ladle for emergency steelmaking and a masonry method thereof, comprising a steel ladle, comprising a wall structure and a bottom structure arranged at the bottom of the wall structure; and an inner lining structure, comprising a "well" type prefabricated part arranged inside the wall structure; the steel blocks cooled in the emergency steel ladle are convenient to pour out; oxygen cutting is performed along the molten steel overflow port of the aluminum-magnesium prefabricated block, so that the steel blocks can be easily divided into seven steel blocks, the gas consumption is small during division, the time consumption is short, the cutting is convenient, the steel blocks are hoisted by a crane, and the transportation is simple; the demand for large-tonnage steel ladle steelmaking can be met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of metallurgy, in particular to an inner lining structure of a steel ladle for emergency steelmaking and a masonry method thereof. Background Art

[0002] The steelmaking emergency ladle refers to a spare ladle used as an emergency ladle or as a centralized collection and treatment of molten steel / iron in the event of an accident in the steelmaking area. For example, many newly built steel plants will have an imbalance in the use of molten iron and molten steel at the beginning of production, or the continuous casting machine will fail after the converter molten steel enters the ladle, and the molten steel in the ladle cannot be poured. The molten steel can be poured into the emergency ladle and cooled for easy handling. The ladle does not participate in normal steelmaking operations, but is only used as a temporary container and storage of molten steel. After the high-temperature molten steel is cooled in the steelmaking emergency ladle, it forms a large steel column or a round lump of large steel blocks. The emergency ladle is turned over to pour out the steel blocks, and the steel blocks are recycled. Before the steel blocks are transported, oxygen is used to cut them into small steel blocks of appropriate size. The masonry process and service life requirements of the steelmaking emergency ladle are different from those of the normal production ladle. The service life of the steelmaking emergency ladle is only once. The emergency ladle of the original technology uses a single layer of universal arc bricks for masonry, and clay bricks and yellow sand are directly used to build the wall and bottom of the ladle. For small-sized emergency ladles, the steel blocks in the ladles are small, and cutting and handling are relatively convenient. This structure can meet the use requirements. With the development of metallurgical technology, the tonnage of steelmaking ladles has developed towards large-scale, and a large number of steelmaking plants have begun to use ladles of more than 200 tons for steelmaking. At present, the steelmaking ladles of Baosteel Zhanjiang Iron and Steel Co., Ltd. have reached 350 tons. The original technical accident ladles can no longer meet the requirements of the current industry. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of this section is to summarize some aspects of embodiments of the present invention and briefly introduce some preferred embodiments. Some simplifications or omissions may be made in this section and the specification abstract and the invention title of this application to avoid blurring the purpose of this section, the specification abstract and the invention title, and such simplifications or omissions cannot be used to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0004] Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the defect that the emergency ladle in the prior art has a simple structure, which makes the process of handling the cooled molten steel in the emergency ladle complicated, thereby providing a lining structure of a steelmaking emergency ladle and a masonry method thereof.

[0005] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a lining structure of a steelmaking emergency ladle, comprising: a ladle including a wall structure and a bottom structure arranged at the bottom of the wall structure; and a lining structure including a "well" type prefabricated part arranged inside the wall structure.

[0006] As a preferred solution of the lining structure of the steelmaking emergency ladle described in the present invention, wherein: the cladding wall structure includes a cladding shell with a U-shaped axial longitudinal section, a permanent shell layer is tightly arranged on the inner side of the cladding shell, a shell working layer is arranged on the inner side of the permanent shell layer, a gap is left between the permanent shell layer and the shell working layer, the gap spacing is 0-170mm, and the gap is filled with magnesia sand filler; the permanent shell layer adopts 110mm thick high-aluminum castable; the shell working layer is built with 100mm thick curved high-aluminum bricks.

[0007] As a preferred solution for the lining structure of the steelmaking emergency ladle described in the present invention, the ladle bottom structure includes a bottom shell, a bottom permanent layer is arranged above the bottom shell, and a bottom working layer is arranged above the bottom permanent layer; the bottom permanent layer adopts 200mm thick high-aluminum castable, and the bottom working layer adopts 120mm thick square high-aluminum bricks for vertical masonry.

[0008] As a preferred solution for the lining structure of the steelmaking emergency ladle described in the present invention, the prefabricated parts include two long prefabricated blocks and four short prefabricated blocks symmetrically arranged on both sides of the long prefabricated blocks; the long prefabricated blocks and the short prefabricated blocks are longitudinally divided into 4 or 5 identical prefabricated block units, the top of the prefabricated block unit is provided with a concave shape, and the bottom is correspondingly provided with a convex shape for inlaying as a whole, and aluminum-magnesium refractory mud is provided at the connection.

[0009] As a preferred solution of the lining structure of the steelmaking emergency ladle of the present invention, a 300mm×300mm molten steel overflow port is reserved near the bottom below the long prefabricated block and the short prefabricated block.

[0010] Another technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to build a steelmaking emergency ladle and its lining structure, thereby providing the following technical solution: a method for building the lining structure of a steelmaking emergency ladle, based on the ladle shell and the bottom shell, the shell permanent layer and the bottom permanent layer are vibrated and constructed by high-aluminum castables, and baked after construction;

[0011] The shell working layer and the bottom working layer are constructed with high-aluminum bricks. While the shell working layer is being constructed, the gap between the shell working layer and the shell permanent layer is filled;

[0012] The prefabricated units are assembled with aluminum-magnesium refractory mud inside the ladle to form a "well" type prefabricated part;

[0013] Leave it naturally for 24 hours.

[0014] As a preferred scheme of the masonry method of the lining structure of the steelmaking emergency ladle described in the present invention, wherein: during the construction of the permanent layer, the amount of water added is 7.5% of the mass of the castable, and the layer is left to stand for 24 hours after the construction is completed.

[0015] As a preferred scheme of the method for laying the lining structure of the steelmaking emergency ladle described in the present invention, the baking adopts a ladle baking device, and the highest baking temperature is 400°C high aluminum permanent layer castable heating curve baking.

[0016] As a preferred scheme of the masonry method of the lining structure of the steelmaking emergency ladle described in the present invention, the shell working layer is constructed by using arc-shaped high-aluminum bricks, the arc-shaped high-aluminum bricks are vertically laid, and aluminum-magnesium refractory mud is used for masonry construction, and the brick joints are controlled to be less than 2mm.

[0017] As a preferred scheme for the masonry method of the lining structure of the steelmaking emergency ladle described in the present invention, the bottom working layer is constructed by square high-alumina bricks and aluminum-magnesium refractory mud, and is stirred on site with a mud mixer. The amount of water added to the aluminum-magnesium refractory mud is 25.0% of the mass of the aluminum-magnesium refractory mud, and the brick joints are controlled to be less than 2 mm.

[0018] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: when abnormalities occur in steelmaking, molten steel is poured into the middle groove of the long aluminum-magnesium prefabricated block of the emergency ladle, and flows into the emergency ladle evenly through the overflow port of the molten steel. After the molten steel is cooled to form a large steel block, the emergency ladle is directly turned over, and the arc-shaped high-aluminum bricks of the working layer of the ladle wall, the magnesia filler between the permanent layer and the working layer, and the square high-aluminum bricks of the working layer of the ladle bottom are poured out with the accident steel block. The steel block is easy to pour out, and oxygen cutting is performed along the overflow port of the molten steel of the aluminum-magnesium prefabricated block, and the steel block is very easily divided into seven steel blocks, with small gas consumption, short time consumption, and convenient cutting. The steel block is hoisted by a crane, which is simple to carry. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for describing the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative labor. Among them:

[0020] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the overall structure of the lining structure of the steelmaking emergency ladle provided by the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 A top view of the lining structure of the steelmaking emergency ladle provided by the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3 A half-section view of the lining structure of the steelmaking emergency ladle provided by the present invention;

[0023] Figure 4 It is a connection diagram of the internal prefabricated block units; DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the specific implementation methods of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0025] In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention, but the present invention may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art may make similar generalizations without violating the connotation of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0026] Example 1

[0027] This embodiment provides a lining structure for a steelmaking emergency ladle, such as Figure 1-4 As shown, including

[0028] The ladle 100 includes a wall structure 101 and a bottom structure 102 disposed at the bottom of the wall structure 101 ; and the lining structure 200 includes a “well” type preform 201 disposed inside the wall structure 101 .

[0029] The wall structure 101 includes a cladding shell 101a with a U-shaped axial longitudinal section, a permanent shell layer 101b is tightly arranged on the inner side of the cladding shell 101a, a shell working layer 101d is arranged on the inner side of the permanent shell layer 101b, a gap 101c is left between the permanent shell layer 101b and the shell working layer 101d, the spacing of the gap 101c is 0-170mm, and the gap 101c is filled with magnesia sand filler; the permanent shell layer 101b adopts 110mm thick high-aluminum castable; the shell working layer 101d is built with 100mm thick arc-shaped high-aluminum bricks; the bottom cladding structure 102 includes a bottom shell 102a, a bottom permanent layer 102b is arranged above the bottom shell 102a, and a bottom working layer 102c is arranged above the bottom permanent layer 102b; the bottom permanent layer 102b adopts 200mm thick high-aluminum castable, and the bottom working layer 102c is vertically built with 120mm thick square high-aluminum bricks.

[0030] High-alumina castable is a cement-bonded castable with high-alumina bauxite or mullite as the main raw materials, with a bulk density of ≥2.45g / cm3, Al2O3 ≥60.00%, and a room temperature compressive strength of ≥30.0MPa. High-alumina castable is stirred on site with a powerful mixer, and the amount of water added to the high-alumina castable is 5.5-7.5% of the castable mass, and vibrating casting is used for construction; high-alumina bricks are phosphate-bonded high-alumina bricks with high-alumina bauxite as the main raw material. The curvature of the wall arc high-alumina brick is the same as that of the steel ladle wall, with a bulk density of ≥2.45g / cm3, Al2O3 ≥65.00%, and a room temperature compressive strength of ≥50.0MPa. High-alumina bricks are constructed on site with aluminum-magnesium refractory mud; magnesia filler is sintered or fused magnesia with a MgO content of ≥92.00%, crushed into 0-3mm particles. Fill directly on site into the gap of 0-170mm between the permanent layer and the working layer of the shell.

[0031] The prefabricated part 201 includes two long prefabricated blocks 201a and four short prefabricated blocks 201b symmetrically arranged on both sides of the long prefabricated blocks 201a; the long prefabricated blocks 201a and the short prefabricated blocks 201b are longitudinally divided into 4 or 5 identical prefabricated block units 201c, and the top of the prefabricated block unit 201c is provided with a concave shape 201c-1, and the bottom is correspondingly provided with a convex shape 201c-2 to be inlaid as a whole, and aluminum-magnesium refractory mud is provided at the connection. Aluminum-magnesium prefabricated blocks are cement-bonded prefabricated parts with high-aluminum bauxite or corundum as the main raw materials. They are baked at a temperature above 400℃ before leaving the factory. The volume density is ≥2.65g / cm3, Al2O3+MgO≥80.00%, and the compressive strength at room temperature is ≥30.0MPa; aluminum-magnesium refractory mud is made of special-grade bauxite clinker or corundum fine powder, with high-quality magnesia sand, and an appropriate amount of additives. The aluminum-magnesium refractory mud has Al2O3+MgO≥82.00%, and the bonding flexural strength at 1500℃×3h is ≥2.0MPa. The aluminum-magnesium refractory mud is stirred on site with a mud mixer. The amount of water added to the aluminum-magnesium refractory mud is 21.0-25.0% of the mass of the aluminum-magnesium refractory mud, and mud clamps are used for construction.

[0032] A molten steel overflow port 202 of 300 mm×300 mm is reserved near the bottom below the long prefabricated block 201 a and the short prefabricated block 201 b to facilitate the flow of molten steel in the emergency ladle.

[0033] The beneficial effects of this embodiment are as follows: it is convenient to pour out the cooled steel blocks in the emergency ladle; oxygen cutting is performed along the molten steel overflow port of the aluminum-magnesium prefabricated block, so that the steel block can be easily divided into seven steel blocks, with a small amount of gas used, a short time consumption, and convenient cutting; the steel blocks are hoisted by a crane and are easy to carry; and the needs of large-tonnage ladle steelmaking can be met.

[0034] Example 2

[0035] A method for laying the inner lining structure of a steelmaking emergency ladle, such as Figure 1-4 As shown, including

[0036] S1: On the basis of the cladding and bottom shell, the permanent layer of the shell and the bottom permanent layer are vibrated and constructed with high-aluminum castables, and then baked after construction;

[0037] S2: The shell working layer and the bottom working layer are constructed by high-aluminum brick masonry. While the shell working layer is being constructed, the gap between the shell working layer and the shell permanent layer is filled;

[0038] S3: The prefabricated unit is assembled inside the ladle using aluminum-magnesium refractory mud to form a "well" type prefabricated unit;

[0039] S4: Leave naturally for 24 hours.

[0040] For the construction of the permanent layer of the shell, high-aluminum castable is used for vibration construction, and the amount of water added is 7.5% of the mass of the castable. After the construction is completed, it is placed for 24 hours before demoulding. For the construction of the permanent layer of the bottom, high-aluminum castable is used for vibration construction, and the amount of water added is 7.5% of the mass of the castable. After the construction is completed, it is placed for 24 hours.

[0041] The permanent layer castable is baked using a ladle baker with a maximum baking temperature of 400°C and a high-aluminum permanent layer castable heating curve.

[0042] For the 120mm thick bottom working layer square high-alumina brick masonry, aluminum-magnesium refractory mud masonry construction is adopted, and a mud mixer is used on site for mixing. The amount of water added to the aluminum-magnesium refractory mud is 25.0% of the mass of the aluminum-magnesium refractory mud, and the brick joint is controlled to be less than 2mm; for the 100mm thick shell working layer arc-shaped high-alumina brick masonry, the arc-shaped high-alumina bricks are laid vertically, and aluminum-magnesium refractory mud is used for masonry construction. The brick joint is controlled to be less than 2mm, and a gap is formed between the arc-shaped high-alumina bricks of the shell working layer and the permanent layer of the shell; while the arc-shaped high-alumina bricks are being laid, magnesia sand filler is used to fill the gap between the arc-shaped high-alumina bricks of the shell working layer and the permanent layer of the shell.

[0043] The aluminum-magnesium long prefabricated blocks and the aluminum-magnesium short prefabricated blocks are assembled with aluminum-magnesium refractory clay to form a "well" type prefabricated part structure inside the ladle.

[0044] After the masonry construction is completed, leave it naturally for 24 hours before use.

[0045] When steelmaking is abnormal, the molten steel is poured into the middle groove of the long aluminum-magnesium prefabricated block of the emergency ladle, and flows evenly into the emergency ladle through the overflow port of the molten steel. After the molten steel is cooled to form a large steel block, the emergency ladle is directly turned over, and the arc-shaped high-aluminum bricks of the working layer of the ladle shell, the magnesia filler between the permanent layer and the working layer, and the square high-aluminum bricks of the bottom working layer are poured out with the accident steel block, and the steel block is easy to pour out. Oxygen cutting is performed along the overflow port of the molten steel of the aluminum-magnesium prefabricated block, and the steel block can be easily divided into seven steel blocks. The gas consumption is small, the time consumption is short, and the cutting is convenient. The steel block is hoisted by a crane, which is simple to carry.

[0046] The method of the present invention was successfully tried out in a 210T emergency ladle of a steelmaking plant of Guangxi Iron and Steel Group Co., Ltd. The lining of the emergency ladle was built by a cladding, a 110mm shell permanent layer high-aluminum castable, a 100mm thick shell working layer arc-shaped high-aluminum bricks, a 0-170mm gap magnesia filler, a 200mm bottom permanent layer high-aluminum castable, and a 120mm thick bottom working layer square high-aluminum bricks, and the interior was built by a "well"-shaped prefabricated structure composed of aluminum-magnesium long prefabricated blocks and aluminum-magnesium short prefabricated blocks.

[0047] Importantly, it should be noted that the construction and arrangement of the present application shown in a number of different exemplary embodiments are only exemplary. Although only a few embodiments are described in detail in this disclosure, it should be readily understood by those who refer to this disclosure that many modifications are possible (e.g., the size, scale, structure, shape and proportion of various elements, and parameter values ​​(e.g., temperature, pressure, etc.), mounting arrangements, use of materials, color, changes in orientation, etc.) without substantially departing from the novel teachings and advantages of the subject matter described in the application. For example, an element shown as integrally formed may be composed of multiple parts or elements, the position of the element may be inverted or otherwise changed, and the nature or number or position of the discrete element may be altered or changed. Therefore, all such modifications are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention. The order or sequence of any process or method steps may be changed or reordered according to an alternative embodiment. In the claims, any "device plus function" clause is intended to cover the structure described herein that performs the function, and is not only structurally equivalent but also equivalent structure. Other substitutions, modifications, changes and omissions may be made in the design, operating conditions and arrangement of the exemplary embodiments without departing from the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the invention is not limited to a specific embodiment, but extends to numerous modifications still falling within the scope of the appended claims.

[0048] Additionally, in order to provide a concise description of exemplary embodiments, all features of an actual embodiment may not be described (ie, those features that are not relevant to the best mode presently contemplated for carrying out the invention or those features that are not relevant to implementing the invention).

[0049] It will be appreciated that in the development of any actual implementation, as in any engineering or design project, numerous implementation-specific decisions may be made. Such a development effort may be complex and time-consuming, but will be a routine task of design, fabrication, and production for those of ordinary skill having the benefit of this disclosure without undue experimentation.

[0050] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention may be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, which should all be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A lining structure for a steelmaking emergency ladle, characterized in that: include, A ladle (100) comprises a ladle wall structure (101) and a ladle bottom structure (102) arranged at the bottom of the ladle wall structure (101); and, The lining structure (200) comprises a "well"-shaped prefabricated part (201) arranged inside the wall structure (101); The enclosure wall structure (101) comprises an enclosure (101a) whose axial longitudinal section is U-shaped, a shell permanent layer (101b) is closely arranged on the inner side of the enclosure (101a), a shell working layer (101d) is arranged on the inner side of the shell permanent layer (101b), a gap (101c) is left between the shell permanent layer (101b) and the shell working layer (101d), the spacing of the gap (101c) is 0-170mm, and the gap (101c) is filled with magnesia sand filler; the shell permanent layer (101b) is made of 110mm thick high-aluminum castable; the shell working layer (101d) is built of 100mm thick curved high-aluminum bricks; The bottom package structure (102) comprises a bottom shell (102a), a bottom permanent layer (102b) is arranged above the bottom shell (102a), and a bottom working layer (102c) is arranged above the bottom permanent layer (102b); the bottom permanent layer (102b) is made of 200 mm thick high-aluminum castable material, and the bottom working layer (102c) is vertically built with 120 mm thick square high-aluminum bricks; The prefabricated part (201) comprises two long prefabricated blocks (201a) and four short prefabricated blocks (201b) symmetrically arranged on both sides of the long prefabricated blocks (201a); the long prefabricated blocks (201a) and the short prefabricated blocks (201b) are longitudinally divided into four or five identical prefabricated block units (201c); a concave shape (201c-1) is arranged on the top of the prefabricated block unit (201c), and a convex shape (201c-2) is correspondingly arranged on the bottom to be inlaid as a whole; and aluminum-magnesium refractory mud is arranged at the joints between the prefabricated block units (201c); A molten steel overflow port (202) of 300 mm×300 mm is reserved near the bottom of the long prefabricated block (201a) and the short prefabricated block (201b); The high-alumina castable is a cement-bonded castable with high-alumina bauxite or mullite as main raw materials, with a bulk density of ≥2.45g / cm3, Al2O3 ≥60.00%, and a room temperature compressive strength of ≥30.0MPa.

2. A method for laying the inner lining structure of a steelmaking emergency ladle, using the inner lining structure of the steelmaking emergency ladle as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: include, On the basis of the cladding and bottom shell, the permanent layer of the shell and the bottom permanent layer are vibrated and constructed with high-aluminum castables, and then baked after construction; The shell working layer and the bottom working layer are constructed with high-aluminum bricks. While the shell working layer is being constructed, the gap between the shell working layer and the shell permanent layer is filled; The prefabricated units are assembled with aluminum-magnesium refractory mud inside the ladle to form a "well" type prefabricated part; Leave it naturally for 24 hours.

3. The method for laying the inner lining structure of a steelmaking emergency ladle according to claim 2, characterized in that: The permanent layer of the shell and the permanent layer of the bottom are constructed by vibration using high-aluminum castable material, with the amount of water added being 7.5% of the mass of the castable material, and the castable material is left to stand for 24 hours after the construction is completed.

4. The method for laying the inner lining structure of a steelmaking emergency ladle according to claim 3, characterized in that: The baking is carried out using a ladle baker, and the highest baking temperature is 400° C. high-aluminum permanent layer castable heating curve baking.

5. The method for laying the inner lining structure of a steelmaking emergency ladle according to claim 4, characterized in that: The shell working layer is constructed by using curved high-alumina bricks, the curved high-alumina bricks are vertically laid, and aluminum-magnesium refractory mud is used for masonry construction, and the brick joints are controlled to be less than 2mm.

6. The method for laying the inner lining structure of a steelmaking emergency ladle according to claim 5, characterized in that: The bottom working layer is constructed by using square high-alumina bricks and aluminum-magnesium refractory mud. A mud mixer is used on site for mixing. The amount of water added to the aluminum-magnesium refractory mud is 25.0% of the mass of the aluminum-magnesium refractory mud, and the brick joints are controlled to be less than 2 mm.

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