Photosensitive sensor with basic sensors that butt together
By introducing a matching impedance component into the photosensitive sensor, the problems of high production costs and limited reading speed caused by conductor impedance differences are solved, achieving more efficient sensor production and improved image quality.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202011183343.8
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Patents(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Priority Date
- 2019-10-31
- Filing Date
- 2020-10-29
- Publication Date
- 2026-02-03
- Estimated Expiration
- 2040-10-29
AI Technical Summary
In the production of large-size photosensitive sensors, the impedance difference of the conductors in existing technologies leads to increased production costs and limited reading speeds, especially when multiple basic sensors are connected, it is difficult to effectively balance the overall impedance of the conductors.
By introducing specific components into the photosensitive sensor and connecting them in parallel or series with the column, power supply, and control conductors, matching impedances are set to balance the link impedances between the basic sensors, including resistors and capacitors to compensate for differences in conductor lengths.
This effectively reduces conductor impedance tolerance requirements, improves sensor reading speed and image quality, and lowers production costs.
Smart Images

Figure CN112752040B_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to a photosensitive device comprising a photosensitive pixel matrix, particularly of the type produced by semiconductor material deposition technology. The invention can be implemented for use with ionizing radiation, particularly for X-ray imaging in the medical field to detect radiographic images, or for X-ray imaging in industrial or safety fields to perform non-destructive testing. Background Technology
[0002] Electron photosensors are manufactured in a flat panel format. They consist of a matrix of basic electronic circuits, or a matrix of components. These basic electronic circuits are arranged in rows, or more precisely, rows and columns, to form a matrix. In image sensors, these basic electronic circuits are also called pixels. A pixel, for example, consists of a photosensitive region that provides a charge flow based on a stream of photons it receives, and electronic circuitry for processing that charge flow. The photosensitive region includes photodetectors, such as photodiodes, photoresistors, or phototransistors. In addition to the photosensitive element, a pixel also includes electronic circuitry located within the pixel, which functions as a charge collector, controller, or processor. This circuitry is typically made of semiconductor components (such as diodes or transistors), allowing for functions such as open or closed circuitry, resetting photodetectors, and amplification.
[0003] A photosensor also includes conductors connecting the pixels. These conductors can be arranged in rows to connect pixels row by row, or in columns to connect pixels column by column. The row conductors and / or column conductors provide the necessary polarization, control, and output channels for the information detected by each pixel. In practice, the term "row" or "column" is purely arbitrary. These terms can, of course, be interchanged.
[0004] Photosensitive sensors are typically fabricated using thin-film deposition techniques of semiconductor materials on glass- or silicon-based substrates. In imaging ionizing radiation, particularly X-rays, the difficulty in converging this type of radiation leads to the production of large-sized photosensitive sensors. The sensor size often exceeds the conventional size of the substrate. For example, substrates with diameters of 200 mm or 300 mm are commonly found. In contrast, photosensitive sensors are typically rectangular, with maximum dimensions exceeding 400 mm. To produce these large sensors, a known practice is to mat multiple substrates together. For example, a method for producing such mated sensors is described in the applicant's patent application WO2008 / 142135A1, in which a scintillator allows the wavelength of X-ray photons received by the sensor to be converted to a wavelength sensitive to the photodetector. This patent describes the physical alignment of individual basic sensors, each fabricated on its own substrate. This patent does not address the electrical differences that may arise between the individual basic sensors. In another patent application WO02 / 41621A2, the applicant focuses on the individual adjustment of the polarization of the pixels of each basic sensor. This adjustment allows for limiting the difference in output levels between adjacent pixels when the pixel is saturated. This is because the output levels of individual pixels differ from one basic sensor to another. Patent application WO02 / 41621A2 also describes the application of offset and gain corrections, which allow adjustment of the response curves of individual pixels, especially when they belong to different basic sensors. These various adjustments are applied at the output levels of individual pixels and work well when the pixel matrix is read at low speeds. However, the length of the row conductors can disrupt the driving and reading of the pixel matrix. This becomes more penalizing as the driving and reading speeds of the matrix increase. Internal testing shows that the impedance of the conductors can vary significantly, especially when the conductors belong to individual basic sensors that are mated together. Strict tolerances for the conductor impedance are acceptable. These strict tolerances often increase the overall cost of manufacturing the sensor. Summary of the Invention
[0005] The present invention aims to relax the tolerance for the impedance value of the conductors themselves by adding specific components that are set in parallel or series with each conductor to balance the overall impedance of adjacent conductors as seen from outside the matrix.
[0006] Therefore, the subject of this invention is a photosensitive sensor comprising a plurality of basic sensors mated together, each basic sensor comprising a pixel matrix organized in rows, each row of pixels being connected to various types of conductors, wherein column conductors are connected to a readout circuit of the sensor. The photosensitive sensor further includes a set of components connected to each column conductor and separate from the conductor under consideration, this set of components constituting a matching impedance for the conductor under consideration. The impedances in each basic sensor have the same value, and the impedances for different basic sensors have different impedance values to balance the link impedance between each readout circuit and the corresponding column conductor for each basic sensor.
[0007] Furthermore, the pixels in each row are connected to a power conductor type conductor, which is connected to circuitry for powering the sensor. Advantageously, the photosensitive sensor includes a separate set of components connected to the respective power conductors, which constitute the matched impedance of the conductor under consideration. The impedances in each basic sensor have the same value, and the impedances in different basic sensors have different impedance values to balance the link impedance between each power circuit and the corresponding power conductor for each basic sensor.
[0008] Furthermore, pixels in each row are connected to conductors of a control conductor type, which are connected to circuitry used to control the sensor. Advantageously, the photosensitive sensor includes a set of components separate from the conductor under consideration, connected to the respective control conductors, which constitute the matching impedance of the conductor under consideration. The impedances in each basic sensor have the same value, and the impedances in different basic sensors have different impedance values to balance the link impedance between each control circuit and the corresponding control conductor for each basic sensor.
[0009] For two separate basic sensors, at least one type of conductor can have different lengths, and in this case, the impedance values of multiple sets of components associated with that at least one type of conductor are matched based on the respective lengths of the conductors.
[0010] The multi-component group advantageously includes a resistor connected in series with the conductor under consideration and a capacitor connected between the conductor under consideration and the ground of the device.
[0011] The components are advantageously positioned on the substrate of the corresponding basic sensor located between the pixel matrix and the circuit connected to the associated conductor.
[0012] The basic sensors are advantageously formed on separate substrates. Attached Figure Description
[0013] The invention will be better understood by reading a detailed description of one embodiment provided by way of example, and further advantages will become apparent, as illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which:
[0014] Figure 1 An exemplary pixel matrix 1T that can be implemented in a sensor according to the present invention is schematically shown;
[0015] Figure 2 An exemplary pixel matrix 3T that can be implemented in a sensor according to the present invention is schematically shown;
[0016] Figure 3 An exemplary sensor, schematically illustrated, is produced by docking multiple basic sensors together.
[0017] Figure 4 A portion of one of the basic sensors is shown in more detail.
[0018] For clarity, the same elements will have the same reference numerals in the various figures. Detailed Implementation
[0019] The following description is provided with reference to a matrix array detector consisting of multiple basic electronic circuits called pixels, each basic electronic circuit including elements sensitive to physical quantities. In the described example, the basic electronic circuits are pixels sensitive to light radiation. Clearly, the invention can be implemented for other detectors sensitive to any form of physical quantity, thereby allowing, for example, the generation of pressure or temperature maps.
[0020] Figure 1 A matrix 10 with two rows and two columns is schematically shown for ease of understanding. It forms four pixels P, each pixel P located at the intersection of a row and a column. Of course, actual matrix arrays are typically much larger and have a large number of rows and columns. Matrix 10 belongs to the category of matrix array detectors that allow the generation of digitized images.
[0021] Each pixel P includes a photosensitive area, represented here by a photodiode D, and an electronic processing circuit, which in... Figure 1 In this example, it is formed by a single transistor T. The component's reference numerals D and T are followed by two coordinates (i,j), allowing the row number to be i and the column number to be j. This pixel has one transistor and is therefore also called a 1T pixel, the function of which will be described below.
[0022] In a general manner, known practice involves producing pixel matrices comprising transistors that implement complementary crystalline silicon semiconductors, denoted by the abbreviation CMOS, where CMOS stands for "complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor". The invention is not limited to this type of transistor; for example, it can be implemented for matrices comprising thin-film field-effect transistors, denoted by TFT, where TFT stands for "thin-film transistor". TFTs can be based on metal oxides, such as transistors based on amorphous or crystalline indium, gallium, and zinc oxide (abbreviated as IGZO). Other families of TFT-type transistors can be implemented, such as organic TFTs, amorphous silicon TFTs, or polycrystalline silicon TFTs.
[0023] Pixel P in the same column is connected to the column conductor Col. This conductor allows information to be collected from the pixels connected to it. Pixel P in the same row is connected to the row conductor Sel, which carries signals that allow control of the individual row pixels.
[0024] During the image capture phase, the illumination received by each photodiode D lowers the potential of its cathode, and charge accumulates according to the received illumination. This image capture phase is followed by a readout phase, in which the potential of the photodiode D is read. For this purpose, the transistor T is turned on by means of row selection control carried by conductor Sel and applied to the gate of the transistor, thus acting as a switch. Each row of pixels is read sequentially. When information for a pixel in a column is selected, the column conductor Col is used to sequentially collect information from the pixels in that column. The readout phase consumes the charge of the photodiode D and allows it to be reset before the next image capture phase.
[0025] The invention can also be implemented in detectors with simpler pixels, particularly by replacing transistor T with a simple diode that is turned on by means of a row selection signal.
[0026] Figure 2 Another example of a pixel matrix 20, labeled Q, is schematically shown. This pixel matrix 20 can also be configured in an image detector according to the invention. Each pixel Q contains a photodiode D, and in this case, an electronic processing circuit formed by three transistors T1, T2, and T3. As previously mentioned, the reference numerals for the photodiode D and the three transistors are followed by two coordinates (i, j), allowing the row number to be i and the column number to be j. In practice, this type of pixel can include other components, particularly other transistors. Because this pixel has at least three transistors, it is referred to as a 3T pixel.
[0027] Pixels Q in the same column share transistor T5 located at the end of column conductor Col. Pixels Q in the same row are connected to four row conductors: Sel(i), Vdd, VRst, and Rst(i), allowing control of each row of pixels.
[0028] Transistor T1 allows the voltage on the cathode of photodiode D to be reset to the voltage carried by conductor VRst. Initially, this voltage remains constant and does not change during image capture and readout. During the reset operation, voltage VRst is applied to the cathode of diode D, during which time a control signal carried by conductor Rst is active.
[0029] As with pixel P, during the image capture phase following the reset operation, the illumination received by the photodiode D of pixel Q lowers the potential of its cathode. Following this image capture phase is the readout phase, in which the potential of photodiode D is read. For this purpose, transistor T3 is turned on by means of pixel selection control applied to the gate of the transistor and carried by conductor Sel, thus acting as a switch. The transistor T3 of pixel 3T performs the operation in conjunction with a reference. Figure 1 The 1T pixel transistor T has the same function as described.
[0030] Transistor T2 acts as a follower and is powered by the voltage carried by conductor Vdd. Transistor T5 acts as a current source. Transistors T2 and T5 then form a voltage follower stage that, when transistor T3 is turned on, replicates the voltage present on the cathode of photodiode D and reproduces that voltage within an offset on column conductor Col. To produce its copy, transistor T2 requires a polarization current flowing through its drain and source. This current is applied by a current generator formed by transistor T5, which may or may not be shared for multiple pixels. In the example shown, transistor T5 is shared for column pixels. For the entire matrix, a single transistor T5 can also be used as the current source, provided it is continuously switched to the individual columns as they are read. Column conductor Col is used to polarize transistor T2 and to collect information from a pixel when a pixel in the corresponding column is selected by means of signal Sel. Alternatively, column conductor Col can be separated to separate its two functions.
[0031] This invention can be implemented for pixels with different operations. As an example, the invention can be implemented for a 4T pixel. In addition to transistors T1, T2, and T3, the 4T pixel also includes an additional transistor disposed between the cathode of photodiode D and the gate of transistor T2 forming the node of the pixel. This additional transistor allows the charge accumulated in photodiode D to be transferred to the node of the pixel at a selected time.
[0032] exist Figure 1 An example of a row conductor and in Figure 2 In the example, multiple row conductors are connected to pixels P or Q in the same row. Figure 1 and Figure 2The control circuit, not shown, is typically a shift register connected to the corresponding row conductor, and when implemented, it generates control signals carried by conductors Sel(i) and Rst(i). Figure 2 In a variant, a power supply circuit, also not shown, is connected to the corresponding row conductor and generates voltages carried by conductors Vdd and Vrst. The voltages of the signals carried by conductors Vdd and Vrst are constant and can be the same; for this purpose, a single type of row conductor can be used to carry both signals, and power is supplied to this type of conductor in the same manner. The same power supply circuit is then used. This type of shared conductor is then connected to the transistors T1 and T2 of each pixel Q. Conductors Vdd and Vrst are also referred to as power supply conductors due to the constantness of the voltage applied to them. Control circuitry and power supply circuitry (if required) are located at the row ends. Furthermore, readout circuitry is located at the ends of each column conductor Col.
[0033] The rows and columns are purely arbitrary and can be interchanged. In practice, the control and power supply circuits can be located on one side of the matrix, and the reading circuit can be located on the side of the matrix perpendicular to the control and power supply circuits. To simplify the connections, all circuits (control, power, and reading) can also be placed on the same side of the matrix.
[0034] For example, the readout circuitry associated with the column conductor Col allows the signal collected on the column conductor to be digitized. Each readout circuitry may include a multiplexer that allows the assembly of signals from an entire row of pixels. As the readout circuitry reads a row, a new row can be selected to repeat the readout operation.
[0035] Figure 3 An example of a sensor 30 comprising four basic sensors 32, 34, 36, and 38 is schematically shown, each basic sensor being formed on separate substrates 32b, 34b, 36b, and 38b. The basic sensors and thus the corresponding substrates have the same shape. In the example shown, the basic sensors 32, 34, 36, and 38 have a rectangular shape and are joined together along one side. The rectangular shape is well-suited for pixel matrices in which rows and columns extend perpendicularly to each other. The invention can be used for other polygonal shapes of the basic sensors. The invention can be implemented regardless of the number of basic sensors. Each basic sensor 32, 34, 36, and 38 comprises as follows: Figure 1 or Figure 2The pixel matrix is shown. These four basic sensors 32, 34, 36, and 38 are mated together to form sensor 30. Each sensor includes regions 32a, 34a, 36a, and 38a, where readout circuitry and transistor T5 are disposed. Regions 32a, 34a, 36a, and 38a do not contain any pixels. Regions 32a, 34a, 36a, and 38a are located at the free ends of columns, meaning that these ends do not contact other basic sensors. When the basic sensors are mated together, the pixels are as close as possible. To avoid any image breakage at the locations where the basic sensors are mated together, the spacing between pixels of different basic sensors is the same as the span separating two adjacent pixels of the same sensor. At the locations where the basic sensors are mated together, the conductors of the basic sensors are not interconnected. In other words, at the locations where the basic sensors are mated together, no conductor connects one basic sensor to another. In each of the basic sensors 32, 34, 36, and 38, row conductors extend through the matrix between the pixels of each row. More specifically, conductors Sel, Vdd, VRst, and Rst extend between pixel rows through their respective basic sensors, and conductor Col continues to extend between pixel columns within their respective basic sensors. Each basic sensor 32, 34, 36, and 38 includes control circuitry that allows the generation of signals carried by its own conductors Sel and Rst. Each basic sensor 32, 34, 36, and 38 also includes power supply circuitry that allows the generation of signals carried by its own conductors Vdd and VRst. The control and power supply circuitry can be located at the free ends of rows. Alternatively, they can be located in regions 32a, 34a, 36a, and 38a. Conductors Sel, Vdd, VRst, and Rst are then arranged in columns like conductor Col. Column conductors are also arranged in columns to allow pixel readout. Each basic sensor includes its own readout circuitry. The column conductors Col of each basic sensor are not connected to each other, even though they extend in succession. The orientation of the conductors will not be distinguished thereafter; the invention can be implemented regardless of the orientation. On the other hand, various types of conductors will be distinguished.
[0036] Figure 4 A portion of a basic sensor is shown in more detail, specifically basic sensor 32 and its region 32a. This detail applies to all basic sensors. Two pixels, Q1 and Q2, connected to the same column of conductors Col appear in the shown portion. For a sensor implementing 1T pixels P, conversion is easily achieved. Figure 4 The figure is shown. In region 32a, there is a current source represented by transistor T5 and a readout circuit L, which includes, for example, an analog-to-digital converter (ADC) that allows the voltage present on conductor Col to be digitized during each readout operation in each row of the pixel matrix Q.
[0037] exist Figure 4 A set of components 40 connected to the column conductor Col appears, which is separate from the conductor Col and forms a matching impedance for the conductor Col. Sensor 30, for each of its column conductors Col, includes a set of components constituting the matching impedance of the conductor under consideration.
[0038] Within the same basic sensor 32, 34, 36, or 38, the impedance connected to each column conductor Col has the same value. From one basic sensor to the next, this impedance has different values to balance the link impedance between each readout circuit and the corresponding column conductor Col used for each basic sensor.
[0039] exist Figure 4 In this configuration, component group 40 includes a resistor 42 and a capacitor 44. Resistor 42 is connected in series between the readout circuit L and the pixel Q2 closest to the readout circuit L. Capacitor 44 is connected between one of the terminals of resistor 42 and ground 46 of sensor 30. This RC circuit is provided as an example. This component may contain only a resistor without a capacitor. In other words, component group 40 may include only a single component. Depending on impedance matching requirements, an inductor may also be added to group 40.
[0040] The selection of component types and their sizes allows compensation for the effects of differences in conductor lengths among the basic sensors 32, 34, 36, and 38. Resistor 42 allows compensation for differences in conductor resistance. Capacitor 44, and possibly associated inductors, allows compensation for the difference that may occur in the setup time of the signal during the readout phase between the moment when the pixel's transistor T3 is turned on and the moment when the readout circuit L receives the signal.
[0041] In the first portion 48 of region 32a, components in group 40 can be fabricated directly on the substrate of their associated basic sensor. The same applies to the readout circuit L, which can also be fabricated in the second portion 50 of region 32a. Downstream of the readout circuit L, the basic sensor may include a third portion 52 of region 32a to allow connection of sensor 30 to its surrounding devices. Sensor 30 may include a sealing joint 54 surrounding portion 52, which ensures that all components present on the substrates after the substrates are mated together are leak-proof. The sealing joint 54 is fabricated between the entrance window (not shown) and the respective substrates of the basic sensors 32 to 38. The photosensitive element can be directly sensitive to the radiation that sensor 30 is sensitive to. In the X-ray field, a scintillator is typically placed between the entrance window and the basic sensors 32 to 38. The scintillator receives X-ray photons and re-emits photons with lower energy in the wavelength band sensitive to by the photosensitive element. The scintillator covers the area where the pixel is located. Portions 48 and 50 can serve as positioning tolerance areas for the scintillator.
[0042] Independent of the set of components 40 associated with the column conductor Col, sensor 30 may include another set of components 56 and 58, respectively, associated with the power supply conductor Vdd and / or the power supply conductor VRst. Like set of components 40, sets of components 56 and 58 are separate from their associated conductors Vdd or VRst and constitute the matching impedance of the respective power supply conductors. Figure 4 In the example shown, component group 56 includes resistor 60 and capacitor 62. Component group 58 includes resistor 64 and capacitor 68. In the same manner as component group 40 is connected to column conductor Col, components 56 and 58 are connected to their respective conductors Vdd and VRst.
[0043] Regarding the power conductor VRst, when a pixel is reset via control carried by the control conductor Rst, the photodiodes D of each pixel discharge through conductor VRst, resulting in a voltage drop across the conductor. The difference in the length of these conductors depends on the underlying sensor to which the conductor is located, leading to different voltage drops. Therefore, the discharge of each photodiode D will be uneven, resulting in offset differences between pixels. These differences can be corrected by adjusting the values of each resistor 64 based on the underlying sensor to which the associated conductor VRst is located. Furthermore, the pixel reset generates a surge current on conductor VRst, resulting in a transient voltage drop whose duration depends on the length of conductor VRst. After this surge current, the conductor returns to equilibrium. The time required to reach equilibrium also depends on the length of conductor VRst. These time durations can be balanced by adjusting the values of capacitor 66 and possibly associated inductors.
[0044] Regarding the power conductor Vdd that supplies power to the transistor T2 of each pixel, in order to reproduce the voltage present on the cathode of the photodiode D as faithfully as possible, it is necessary to balance the voltage present on this conductor as well as possible based on each basic sensor. The voltage difference on conductor Vdd has the most significant effect near the location where the basic sensors are docked together, which will cause visible differences in the image for adjacent pixels belonging to different basic sensors. Balancing the voltage of each conductor Vdd to limit the threshold effect at the location where the basic sensors are docked can be achieved by means of resistor 60 for the voltage average or by means of capacitor 62 and possibly associated capacitors 62 for the settling time of these voltages.
[0045] It is also expected that the impedance balance of the control conductors Sel and Rst will be maintained. As mentioned earlier, this impedance balance is achieved through a group of components connected to the corresponding conductors and positioned between the pixel matrix and the associated control circuitry. To prevent... Figure 4Due to the heavy workload, these component groups are not shown. They can also be located in section 48 of the individual basic sensors.
[0046] The components of groups 40, 56, and 50 can be fabricated by depositing a metal layer on the substrate of the basic sensor under discussion. Other fabrication methods allow for the production of specific resistors, such as by using regions doped with the opposite doping to the substrate. This approach leads to the production of resistors referred to in British literature as “well resistors.” Capacitors can be fabricated as transistors with their drain and source shorted.
Claims
1. A photosensitive sensor, comprising a plurality of basic sensors (32, 34, 36, 38) mated together, each basic sensor comprising a pixel matrix (P, Q) arranged in rows, each row of pixels being connected to multiple types of conductors (Col, Sel, Vdd, VRst, Rst), and multiple column conductors (Col) of the multiple types of conductors being connected to a readout circuit (L) of the basic sensor, characterized in that, The photosensitive sensor includes a set of components (40) connected to and separate from each column conductor (Col). The set of components (40) constitutes the matching impedance of each column conductor (Col). The impedances in each basic sensor (32, 34, 36, 38) have the same value, and the impedances for different basic sensors have different impedance values to balance the link impedance between each readout circuit (L) and the corresponding column conductor (Col) for each basic sensor.
2. The photosensitive sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each row of pixels (P, Q) is connected to a power conductor type conductor (VRst, Vdd), which is connected to circuitry for powering the base sensor. The photosensitive sensor includes a set of components (56, 58) connected to and separate from the respective power conductor type conductors (VRst, Vdd). These components constitute the matching impedance of the respective power conductor type conductors (VRst, Vdd). The impedances in each base sensor have the same value, and the impedances in different base sensors have different impedance values to balance the link impedance between each power circuit and the corresponding power conductor type conductor (VRst, Vdd) for each base sensor.
3. The photosensitive sensor according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, Each row of pixels (P, Q) is connected to a control conductor type conductor (Sel, Rst), which is connected to circuitry for controlling the basic sensors. The photosensitive sensor includes a set of components connected to and separate from the respective control conductor type conductors (Sel, Rst). This set of components constitutes the matching impedance of the respective control conductor type conductors (Sel, Rst). The impedances in each basic sensor (32, 34, 36, 38) have the same value, and the impedances in different basic sensors have different impedance values to balance the link impedance between each control circuit and the corresponding control conductor type conductor (Sel, Rst) for each basic sensor.
4. The photosensitive sensor according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, For two separate basic sensors (32, 34, 36, 38), at least one type of multiple conductors (Col, Sel, Vdd, VRst, Rst) have different lengths, and the impedance values of multiple sets of components (40, 56, 58) associated with said at least one type of multiple conductors are matched based on the lengths of the multiple conductors respectively.
5. The photosensitive sensor according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, Each set of components (40, 56, 58) includes resistors (42, 60, 64) connected in series with the conductors (Col, Sel, Vdd, VRst, Rst) and capacitors (44, 62, 66) connected between the conductors and the ground (46) of the photosensitive sensor.
6. The photosensitive sensor according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, Each group of components (40, 56, 58) is disposed on the substrate of the corresponding basic sensor (32, 34, 36, 38) between the pixel matrix and the circuit connected to the associated conductors (Col, Sel, Vdd, VRst, Rst).
7. The photosensitive sensor according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The basic sensors (32, 34, 36, 38) are formed on separate substrates (32b, 34b, 36b, 38b), respectively.
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