A drilling mud tank bottom desilting and crushing head

Abstract

The present invention provides a drilling mud tank bottom desilting and crushing head, which comprises a reamer disc, a rotor blade, a reamer shaft, a connecting bolt, a throttling annular sealing cover, a skeleton oil seal, a spacer ring, an oil seal box, a back-to-back double bearing, a straight-through pressure injection oil cup, an O-type rubber sealing ring, a shaft sleeve, an end cover, a shaft, a bolt thread plug, a valve core, a spring, a retaining ring, a spring cover plate, and a shell. A high-pressure fluid flows in from the liquid inlet of the shell, flows into the flow channel inside the shell through the hole on the valve core, and then is ejected through the axial straight nozzle and the radial oblique nozzle on the shell: the high-pressure fluid ejected from the axial straight nozzle directly acts on the silt body that needs to be desilted inside the drilling mud tank, thereby hydraulically crushing the silt body. The high-pressure fluid ejected from the radial oblique nozzle acts on the rotor blade to drive the reamer shaft and the reamer disc to rotate, and the rotating reamer disc mechanically crushes the hard silt body that needs to be desilted inside the drilling mud tank, and after crushing, a solid-liquid mixture is formed and then pumped out of the tank body by a pump.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of drilling engineering technology and equipment, in particular to a drilling mud tank bottom desilting and breaking head. Background Art

[0002] The mud tank is one of the necessary equipment for drilling and a very important part of the solid control system of the drilling rig. It is mainly used to store and circulate the drilling fluid after solid-liquid separation by solid control equipment such as vibrating screens and centrifuges. During the oil drilling process, the rock cuttings broken by the bottom drill bit are mixed and circulated with the drilling fluid and carried to the ground vibrating screen, desander, desilter, centrifuge and other solid control equipment for solid-liquid separation and purification. The separated rock cuttings are discharged, and the purified and separated drilling fluid is discharged into the mud tank for continued circulation. However, the separation accuracy and separation capacity of solid control equipment such as vibrating screens, desanders, desilters and centrifuges are within a certain range, and cannot separate all solid phases from the solid-liquid mixture containing cuttings returned from the bottom of the well. In particular, among the ground solid control equipment, only vibrating screens can process the solid-liquid mixture returned from the bottom of the well at full flow, and vibrating screens are used for filtering with a screen of a certain mesh number. Many fine rock cuttings solid phases pass through the screen and flow into the mud tank with the drilling fluid. Desanders, desilters and centrifuge solid control equipment all use pumps to extract part of the mixture from the mud tank for local treatment. Therefore, although most of the rock cuttings in the solid-liquid mixture returned from the bottom of the well are purified, separated and discharged, a small part of it remains in the mud tank and settles to form a relatively hard sludge, especially in the four corners of the bottom of the mud tank and the places where the agitator cannot reach. As the drilling time goes by, the sludge in the tank becomes larger and larger, more and more numerous, and more and more hardened, affecting the tank volume and mud performance, occupying about one-third or even half of the capacity of the mud tank, which will lead to a reduction in the capacity of the mud tank, unstable mud performance, increased weight of the mud tank, the need for large-tonnage lifting equipment, and difficulty in moving and installing, all of which are not conducive to safe production.

[0003] Therefore, the tank must be cleaned after a well is completed and before the equipment is moved, and even 1-2 cleanings are added during the drilling of a well. The commonly used method at present is to manually enter from the top of the mud tank, use tools such as shovels to break and dig out the precipitated sediment, and then use shovels to shovel out from the sand discharge door to the ground or mud pool. Especially as the drilling time increases or during the mud tank emptying process and long-term static, the heavy phase and rock cuttings in the mud will have serious precipitation phenomenon, and the thickness of the deposited sediment is getting larger and larger, making it impossible to open the sand discharge door of the mud tank, and it can only be manually lifted to the tank surface with a bucket to dump.

[0004] Generally, a well crew has 4-5 50m³ mud tanks. A manual tank cleaning operation requires 5-6 people, and the tank cleaning time is about 24-48 hours. For those that are difficult to clean, the dredging time may be even longer. When cleaning the tank, the tank is filled with a pungent smell of mud medicines and chemicals. In some areas, the strata are also accompanied by toxic and harmful hydrogen sulfide, which enters the mud tank with the drilling fluid, which is very harmful to human health. Gas masks must be worn to work. Personnel cannot work in the tank for a long time, but take turns to enter the tank to work. The tank cleaning time is long and the work is heavy, the labor intensity is high, and the efficiency is low, which affects the health of the workers and the relocation work of the well crew.

[0005] The current method of drilling mud tank desilting is characterized by extremely harsh manual working environment, time-consuming cleaning process, high labor intensity, and potential safety and environmental risks. It seriously does not meet the requirements of the health, safety, and environmental management system. It is an inevitable trend to replace manual tank cleaning and improve mud tanks. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned safety, environmental protection, health and efficiency problems existing in the mud tank desilting process in the field of oil drilling, and to provide a drilling mud tank bottom desilting crushing head, which uses high-pressure fluid as power to simultaneously perform hydraulic crushing and mechanical cutting crushing to break up the silt deposits at the bottom of the drilling mud tank. After crushing, a solid-liquid mixture is formed and then pumped out of the tank body by a pump.

[0007] In order to solve the above problems, the technical solution of the present invention is: a drilling mud tank bottom desilting and crushing head, including a shell 23 and a reamer disc 1; the shell 23 connecting end is provided with a liquid inlet 24, the front end face of the shell 23 is provided with a plurality of axial straight nozzles 30 distributed circumferentially, and the outer periphery of the shell 23 corresponding to the axial straight nozzles 30 is provided with radial oblique nozzles 31 and a shaft seat, and the axial straight nozzles 30 and the radial oblique nozzles 31 are connected with the liquid inlet 24 through a flow channel 29; the reamer disc 1 corresponds to the shaft seat, and each reamer disc 1 is installed in the shaft seat of the shell 23 through a reamer shaft 3 and a shaft seat assembly, the reamer disc 1 is provided with cutting blades, and the reamer shaft 3 is provided with a plurality of rotor blades 2 arranged circumferentially at equal intervals, and the position of the blades 2 is opposite to the radial oblique nozzles 31.

[0008] The above scheme further includes: the shell 23 is a hollow structure, a valve core 19 is provided inside, the valve core 19 is provided with radial holes 25 and axial holes 26, the shell 23 is provided with a valve seat, a central cavity 27, a radial hole 28 and a flow channel 29, the liquid inlet 24 is connected to the axial hole 26, the radial hole 25, the central cavity 27, the radial hole 28, the flow channel 29, the axial straight nozzle 30 and the radial inclined nozzle 31 in sequence, and the front end face of the valve core 19 forms a dynamic seal with the valve seat.

[0009] The shaft seat assembly includes: the shaft 17 is supported in the shaft seat of the housing 23 by back-to-back double bearings 10, and is fixed to the shaft seat on the outer periphery of the housing 23 by connecting bolts A4, throttling ring sealing cover A5, skeleton oil seal A6, spacer ring 7, skeleton oil seal B8, oil seal box 9, O-type rubber sealing ring 12, shaft sleeve 13, throttling ring sealing cover B14, end cover 15, and connecting bolts B16; the reamer shaft 3 on each group of reamer discs 1 is connected to the shaft 17.

[0010] The reamer shaft 3 is connected to the shaft 17 via a thread, and the thread rotation direction is opposite to the rotation direction of the rotor blade 2 .

[0011] The sealing of the back-to-back double bearings 10 adopts a bidirectional seal combining a mechanical dynamic seal and a static seal; the number of the reamer discs 1 is three, and the three groups of reamer discs 1 are installed in a ring shape with equal spacing on the outer periphery of the housing 23, and each group of reamer discs 1 has three evenly arranged cutting blades.

[0012] There are 5 to 8 rotor blades 2 arranged axially in a ring shape and at equal intervals on the reamer shaft 3.

[0013] The valve body 20 further comprises a spring 20 which presses the valve core 19 against the valve core and valve seat contact surface 32 in the housing 23 .

[0014] A protective cover is provided on the outer periphery of the reamer disc 1 .

[0015] The working principle of the present invention is: high-pressure fluid flows in from the liquid inlet of the housing, flows into the flow channel inside the housing through the hole on the valve core, and then is ejected through the axial straight nozzle and the radial oblique nozzle on the housing: the high-pressure fluid ejected from the axial straight nozzle directly acts on the silt body that needs to be desilted inside the drilling mud tank, thereby hydraulically breaking the silt body. The high-pressure fluid ejected from the radial oblique nozzle acts on the rotor blades to drive the reamer shaft and the reamer disc to rotate, and the rotating reamer disc directly mechanically breaks the hard silt body that needs to be desilted inside the drilling mud tank, and after breaking, a solid-liquid mixture is formed and then pumped out of the tank body by a pump.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: using high-pressure fluid as a power to simultaneously perform hydraulic crushing and mechanical cutting and crushing to break up the hard silt at the bottom of the drilling mud tank, solving the problems of large workload, high labor intensity, environmental pollution, unhealthy environment, limited working space and volatile gases harmful to the human body in manual dredging of the bottom of the drilling mud tank, so as to avoid the risks of manual tank cleaning operations in closed spaces and improve tank cleaning efficiency; the present invention is simple, convenient and fast to operate, easy to manufacture, assemble, install and disassemble, maintain and maintain, low cost, high degree of automation, and good economy, practicality, safety and environmental protection; the present invention can also broaden the application of fields such as pipeline and river dredging. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the drilling mud tank bottom desilting and crushing head of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Section view along line AA.

[0019] Figure 3 for Figure 1 An enlarged schematic diagram of the reamer shaft bearing assembly.

[0020] Figure numerals: 1. reamer disc; 2. rotor blade; 3. reamer shaft; 4. connecting bolt A; 5. throttling ring sealing cover A; 6. skeleton oil seal A; 7. spacer ring; 8. skeleton oil seal B; 9. oil seal box; 10. back-to-back double bearings; 11. straight-through pressure injection oil cup; 12. O-type rubber sealing ring; 13. shaft sleeve; 14. throttling ring sealing cover B; 15. end cover; 16. connecting bolt B; 17. shaft; 18. bolt plug; 19. valve core; 20. spring; 21. elastic retaining ring for hole; 22. spring cover plate; 23. shell; 24. liquid inlet; 25. radial hole on valve core; 26. axial hole on valve core; 27. central cavity diameter of shell; 28. radial hole of shell; 29. ​​axial flow channel inside shell; 30. axial straight nozzle; 31. radial oblique nozzle; 32. contact surface between valve core and valve seat; 33. outlet. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0022] Example 1

[0023] A drilling mud tank bottom desilting and crushing head comprises a shell 23 and a reamer disc 1; a liquid inlet 24 is provided at the connecting end of the shell 23, a plurality of axial straight nozzles 30 are provided at the front end face of the shell 23 and are distributed at intervals in the circumferential direction, radial oblique nozzles 31 and a shaft seat are provided at the outer periphery of the shell 23 corresponding to the axial straight nozzles 30, and the axial straight nozzles 30 and the radial oblique nozzles 31 are connected with the liquid inlet 24 through a flow channel 29; the reamer disc 1 corresponds to the shaft seat, and each reamer disc 1 is installed in the shaft seat of the shell 23 through a reamer shaft 3 and a shaft seat assembly, a cutting blade is provided on the reamer disc 1, and a plurality of rotor blades 2 are arranged circumferentially at equal intervals on the reamer shaft 3, and the position of the blades 2 is opposite to the radial oblique nozzles 31.

[0024] Example 2

[0025] On the basis of Example 1, it further includes: the shell 23 is a hollow structure, a valve core 19 is provided inside, the valve core 19 is provided with radial holes 25 and axial holes 26, the shell 23 is provided with a valve seat, a central cavity 27, a radial hole 28 and a flow channel 29, the liquid inlet 24 is connected to the axial hole 26, the radial hole 25, the central cavity 27, the radial hole 28, the flow channel 29, the axial straight nozzle 30 and the radial inclined nozzle 31 in sequence, and the front end face of the valve core 19 forms a dynamic seal with the valve seat.

[0026] Example 3

[0027] On the basis of Example 2, it further includes: the shaft seat assembly includes: the shaft 17 is supported in the shaft seat of the housing 23 by back-to-back double bearings 10, and is fixed to the shaft seat on the outer periphery of the housing 23 by connecting bolts A4, throttling ring sealing cover A5, skeleton oil seal A6, spacer ring 7, skeleton oil seal B8, oil seal box 9, O-ring rubber sealing ring 12, shaft sleeve 13, throttling ring sealing cover B14, end cover 15, and connecting bolts B16; the reamer shaft 3 on each group of reamer discs 1 is connected to the shaft 17.

[0028] The reamer shaft 3 is connected to the shaft 17 via a thread, and the thread rotation direction is opposite to the rotation direction of the rotor blade 2 .

[0029] The sealing of the back-to-back double bearings 10 adopts a bidirectional seal combining a mechanical dynamic seal and a static seal; in the above embodiments 1-3, preferably: the number of the reamer discs 1 is three, and the three groups of reamer discs 1 are installed in a ring shape with equal intervals on the outer periphery of the shell 23, and each group of reamer discs 1 has three evenly arranged cutting blades.

[0030] There are 5 to 8 rotor blades 2 arranged axially in a ring shape and at equal intervals on the reamer shaft 3.

[0031] The valve body 20 further comprises a spring 20 which presses the valve core 19 against the valve core and valve seat contact surface 32 in the housing 23 .

[0032] A protective cover is provided on the outer periphery of the reamer disc 1 .

[0033] Typical Example 4: See Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 A drilling mud tank bottom desilting and crushing head comprises a reamer disc 1, a rotor blade 2, a reamer shaft 3, a connecting bolt A4, a throttling annular sealing cover A5, a skeleton oil seal A6, a spacer ring 7, a skeleton oil seal B8, an oil seal box 9, a back-to-back double bearing 10, a straight-through pressure injection oil cup 11, an O-type rubber sealing ring 12, a sleeve 13, a throttling annular sealing cover B14, an end cover 15, a connecting bolt B16, a shaft 17, a bolt plug 18, a valve core 19, a spring 20, an elastic retaining ring for a hole 21, a spring cover plate 22, and a housing 23.

[0034] When the drilling mud tank bottom desilting and crushing head is working, the external high-pressure fluid flows from the liquid inlet 24 of the shell 23 into the axial hole 26 on the valve core 19, and then flows out from the radial hole 25 on the valve core 19 into the central cavity 27 of the shell 23, flows out from the central cavity 27 into the 6 radial holes 28 on the shell 23 that are connected thereto, flows from the radial holes 28 into the 6 flow channels 29 inside the shell 23, and is respectively ejected from the 6 axial straight nozzles 30 and the 3 radial oblique nozzles 31 on the shell 23. The high-pressure fluid ejected from the 6 axial straight nozzles 30 directly acts on the siltation body that needs to be desilted inside the drilling mud tank, thereby hydraulically crushing the siltation body, and at the same time, the high-pressure fluid ejected from the 3 radial oblique nozzles 31 continuously and directly acts on the rotor blades 2, thereby driving the reamer shaft 3 and the reamer disc 1 to rotate. The rotating reamer disc 1 directly mechanically cuts the sediment that needs to be desilted inside the drilling mud tank. The crushed sediment is mixed with the inflowing high-pressure fluid to form a solid-liquid mixture, which is then pumped out of the tank for further processing, thereby realizing automatic desilting of the drilling mud tank.

[0035] When high-pressure fluid flows in from the liquid inlet 24 of the shell 23, the liquid pressure and the spring force together press the valve core 19 against the contact surface 32 of the valve core and the valve seat in the shell 23. The high-pressure fluid cannot flow out from the outlet 33, and can only be ejected out from the six axial straight nozzles 30 and the three radial inclined nozzles 31 at high pressure, forming a high-pressure water jet to break up the silt in the tank and simultaneously drive the rotor blades 2, the reamer shaft 3, and the reamer disc 1 to rotate, thereby cutting and crushing the silt.

[0036] There are three groups of reamer discs 1, and the three groups of reamer discs 1 are installed in an annular shape and at equal intervals on the outer periphery of the housing 23. Each group of reamer discs 1 has three evenly arranged cutting blades, and each reamer shaft 3 has six rotor blades 2 arranged axially in an annular shape and at equal intervals, and their positions are opposite to the radially inclined nozzles 31. The reamer shaft 3 is connected to the shaft 17 by a thread, and the direction of the thread rotation is opposite to the direction of rotation of the rotor blades 2, the reamer shaft 3, and the reamer disc 1, so as to prevent the reamer shaft 3 from rotating and falling off.

[0037] The outer periphery of the housing 23 has three annular bearing holes with equal spacing, which are used to install the reamer disc 1, the reamer shaft 3, the shaft 17 and the bearing components supporting the rotation. There are 3 groups in total, and each group of bearing components includes connecting bolts A4, throttling annular sealing cover A5, skeleton oil seal A6, spacer ring 7, skeleton oil seal B8, oil seal box 9, back-to-back double bearings 10, straight-through pressure injection oil cup 11, O-type rubber sealing ring 12, sleeve 13, throttling annular sealing cover B14, end cover 15, and connecting bolts B16. The shaft 17 is supported in the housing 23 through the back-to-back double bearings 10, and is fixed on the outer periphery of the housing 23 through connecting bolts A4, throttling annular sealing cover A5, skeleton oil seal A6, spacer ring 7, skeleton oil seal B8, oil seal box 9, O-type rubber sealing ring 12, sleeve 13, throttling annular sealing cover B14, end cover 15, and connecting bolts B16.

[0038] The seal of the bearing assembly of the reamer shaft adopts a bidirectional sealing structure composed of a mechanical dynamic seal and a static seal. As the shaft 17 rotates, a radial dynamic seal is formed between the throttling annular sealing cover A5, the skeleton oil seal A6, the spacer ring 7, the skeleton oil seal B8 and the shaft 17, and a static seal is formed on the end face. An O-type rubber sealing ring 12 static sealing structure is adopted between the sleeve 13 and the shaft 17. This bidirectional bearing sealing structure ensures the reliability of the sealing and lubrication of the bearing and has a long service life.

[0039] The lubricant is injected into the cavity through the oil seal box 9 and the lubricating oil hole of the spacer ring 7 via the straight-through pressure oil cup 11, thereby lubricating the throttling annular sealing cover A5, the skeleton oil seal B8, and the back-to-back double bearings 10.

[0040] The advantages of the present invention are as follows: the present invention adopts high-pressure fluid as the power to simultaneously carry out hydraulic crushing and mechanical cutting crushing to crush the hard silt at the bottom of the drilling mud tank, so as to solve the problems of large workload, high labor intensity, environmental pollution, unhealthy environment, limited working space and harmfulness of volatile gases in manual dredging of the bottom of the drilling mud tank, so as to avoid the risks of manual tank cleaning operations in closed spaces, improve the tank cleaning efficiency, simple, convenient and fast operation, easy manufacturing, assembly, installation and disassembly, maintenance and maintenance, low cost, high degree of automation, good economy, practicality, safety and environmental protection, the sealing of the bearing assembly of the reamer shaft adopts a bidirectional sealing structure composed of a mechanical dynamic seal and a static seal, and this bidirectional bearing sealing structure ensures the reliability of the sealing and lubrication of the bearing, and has a long service life.

Claims

1. A drilling mud tank bottom desilting and crushing head, comprising a housing (23) and a cutter disc (1); Features: The connecting end of the shell (23) is provided with a liquid inlet (24); the front end surface of the shell (23) is provided with a plurality of axial straight nozzles (30) distributed at intervals in the circumferential direction; the outer periphery of the shell (23) corresponding to the axial straight nozzles (30) is provided with radial oblique nozzles (31) and a shaft seat; the axial straight nozzles (30) and the radial oblique nozzles (31) are connected to the liquid inlet (24) through a flow channel (29); the reamer disc (1) corresponds to the shaft seat; each reamer disc (1) is installed in the shaft seat of the shell (23) through a reamer shaft (3) and a shaft seat assembly; The disk (1) is provided with a cutting blade, and the reamer shaft (3) is provided with a plurality of rotor blades (2) arranged circumferentially at equal intervals, and the position of the blades (2) is opposite to the radially inclined nozzle (31); the housing (23) is a hollow structure, and a valve core (19) is provided inside the housing, and a radial hole (25) and an axial hole (26) are provided on the valve core (19); a valve seat, a central cavity (27), a radial hole (28) and a flow channel (29) are provided inside the housing (23), and the liquid inlet (24) is connected to the axial hole (26), the radial hole (25) on the valve core, and the central cavity (29) in sequence. (27), radial holes (28), flow channels (29), axial straight nozzles (30) and radial oblique nozzles (31) on the housing, and the front end surface of the valve core (19) and the valve seat form a dynamic seal; the shaft seat assembly comprises: the shaft (17) is supported in the shaft seat of the housing (23) through back-to-back double bearings (10), and is connected through connecting bolts A (4), throttling annular sealing cover A (5), skeleton oil seal A (6), spacer ring (7), skeleton oil seal B (8), oil seal box (9), O-type rubber sealing ring (12), shaft sleeve (13), throttling The annular sealing cover B (14), the end cover (15), and the connecting bolts B (16) are fixed on the shaft seat on the outer periphery of the housing (23); the reamer shaft (3) on each set of reamer discs (1) is connected to the shaft (17); the reamer shaft (3) is connected to the shaft (17) through a thread, and the thread rotation direction is opposite to the rotation direction of the rotor blade (2); the sealing of the back-to-back double bearings (10) adopts a bidirectional sealing structure combining a mechanical dynamic seal and a static seal, and the lubricant is injected and lubricated into the back-to-back double bearings (10) through a straight-through pressure injection oil cup (11).

2. The drilling mud tank bottom desilting and crushing head according to claim 1, Features: The number of the reamer discs (1) is three, and the three sets of reamer discs (1) are installed in a ring shape at equal intervals on the outer circumference of the housing (23), and each set of reamer discs (1) has three evenly arranged cutting blades.

3. The drilling mud tank bottom desilting and crushing head according to claim 1, Features: The reamer shaft (3) is provided with 5 to 8 rotor blades (2) which are axially arranged in an annular shape and at equal intervals.

4. The drilling mud tank bottom desilting and crushing head according to claim 1, Features: The invention also comprises a spring (20), wherein the spring (20) presses the valve core (19) against a contact surface (32) between the valve core and the valve seat in the housing (23).

5. The drilling mud tank bottom desilting and crushing head according to claim 1, Features: A protective cover is provided on the outer periphery of the reamer disc (1).

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