An icebreaking mechanism for an icebreaker

Abstract

The invention discloses an ice-breaking mechanism for an icebreaker, which repeatedly strikes the ice surface through the cooperation of a crank and an ice-breaking spike, and can cooperate with a connecting block to make a plurality of ice-breaking spikes form an arc-shaped spade surface profile to outwardly overturn the ice blocks, characterized in that one end of a rotating shaft penetrates through a connecting seat, a driving bevel gear is arranged on the rotating shaft, two guide blocks are arranged on the other end of the connecting seat, the two guide blocks are arranged on the two sides of the connecting seat in an inclined manner, mounting holes are formed in the guide blocks, one end of two fixing frames is arranged on the two sides of the connecting seat respectively, the two fixing frames are not parallel, an included angle exists between the extension lines of the two fixing frames, the included angle is an acute angle, four fixing seats are equidistantly arranged on the fixing frames, the longitudinal section of the fixing seat is L-shaped, the fixing seats on the two fixing frames are opposite, a plurality of connecting columns are equidistantly arranged on the bottom of the fixing frame, a transmission shaft is arranged on the end of the connecting column and penetrates through the connecting column.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to an icebreaking mechanism for use on icebreakers, belonging to the field of marine engineering. Specifically, it relates to an icebreaking mechanism that uses a crank and ice-breaking spikes to repeatedly strike the ice surface, while simultaneously using a connecting block to form an arc-shaped shovel profile with multiple ice-breaking spikes, thereby flipping and overturning the ice block. Background Technology

[0002] Icebreakers are ships specifically designed for breaking up ice on water surfaces, opening up waterways, and ensuring the safe passage of vessels into and out of ice-covered ports. They come in both conventional and nuclear-powered versions. When breaking ice, they use the bow to compress the ice layer, continuously or repeatedly breaking ice as they move. Existing icebreakers rely on the ship's weight and hull strength for icebreaking, which places high demands on the structural strength of the hull. Moreover, this ramming-style icebreaking method is inefficient, energy-intensive, and prone to getting stuck in the ice. Once stuck, the ship's speed cannot be increased, which greatly affects its icebreaking ability. Existing mechanical auxiliary icebreaking mechanisms for icebreakers use spiked rollers at the bow to assist in icebreaking. However, when these icebreaking rollers rotate to break ice with high freezing density, the downward crushing force they exert on the ice is small, making them prone to slippage and resulting in low icebreaking efficiency.

[0003] Publication No. CN107187553A discloses an auxiliary device for an icebreaker, including a connecting frame and a mechanical frame. The device is characterized by connecting base frames fixed to the left and right sides of the bow of the icebreaker. A connecting frame and a mechanical frame are shafted onto the connecting base frames. An electric motor and a reducer are mounted on the mechanical frame. A main shaft is located within the mechanical frame, and the reducer is connected to the main shaft. Multiple spiked wheels are mounted on the main shaft. The main shaft and spiked wheels have identical and corresponding limiting grooves, each containing a limiting strip. Positioning screws are mounted on the spiked wheels. A sling is mounted on the mechanical frame, and a winch is mounted on the bow. The sling is connected to the winch. When this icebreaking device rotates to break ice, the spikes on its wheels are difficult to generate a positive impact force on the ice surface, easily causing slippage and resulting in low icebreaking efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To improve the above situation, the present invention provides an icebreaking mechanism for icebreakers that uses a crank and icebreaking nails to repeatedly strike the ice surface, and can also use a connecting block to make multiple icebreaking nails form an arc-shaped shovel profile to flip the ice block outward.

[0005] The icebreaking mechanism for icebreakers of this invention is implemented as follows: The icebreaking mechanism for icebreakers of this invention comprises a fixed frame, a connecting column, a fixed base, a connecting seat, a rotating shaft, a transmission gear, an icebreaking rod, an icebreaking nail, a support rod, a support seat, a connecting rod, a transmission shaft, a crank, a drive bevel gear, a telescopic plate, a connecting block, an arc groove, a rotating sleeve, a protrusion, and a drive shaft. The rotating shaft passes through one end of the connecting seat, and the drive bevel gear is placed on the rotating shaft. Two guide blocks are placed on the other end of the connecting seat, and the two guide blocks are inclined on both sides of the connecting seat. The mounting hole is provided. One end of each of the two mounting brackets is placed on either side of the connecting seat. The two mounting brackets are not parallel, and there is an acute angle between the extension lines of the two mounting brackets. Four mounting seats are equidistantly placed on the mounting brackets. The longitudinal section of the mounting seats is L-shaped. The mounting seats on the two mounting brackets are opposite each other. Multiple connecting columns are equidistantly placed at the bottom of the mounting brackets. The drive shaft is placed on the end of the connecting column and passes through the connecting column. One end of the drive shaft is placed on the connecting column at one end of the mounting bracket and connects with the drive shaft on the connecting column at one end of the mounting bracket. The drive shaft is connected to the moving shaft, and a transmission gear is placed on the other end of the drive shaft. The transmission gear meshes with the drive bevel gear to form a transmission relationship. The limiting ring is placed on the connecting post on the other end of the fixed frame and is connected to the transmission shaft on the connecting post on the other end of the fixed frame. Two cranks are placed between two adjacent connecting posts and on the transmission shaft between the two connecting posts respectively. The two cranks are opposite each other. The rotating sleeve is placed between the two opposite cranks through the fixed shaft. One end of the icebreaker rod is placed on the rotating sleeve. The middle part of the icebreaker rod protrudes towards one side of the icebreaker rod to form a protrusion. One end of two support rods is placed on both sides of the protrusion through the hinge shaft. The other end of the two support rods extends inclined towards the other side of the icebreaker rod. The other end of the support rod has a through hole. The support rods on multiple icebreaker rods are parallel and connected by connecting rods. The support rods are telescopic structures. The connecting rods are placed inside the through holes. The support base is placed on one end of the connecting rod and close to the other end of the fixed frame. The other ends of the two connecting rods are connected by a telescopic plate. The telescopic plate has extensibility. An arc groove is formed on one side of the ice-breaking rod, and the arc groove extends through to the other end of the ice-breaking rod. One side of the connecting block is placed on the other end of the ice-breaking rod. The cross-section of the connecting block is arc-shaped, and the arc of the connecting block is equal to the arc of the arc groove. The concave surface is flush with the bottom of the arc groove. One end of a plurality of ice-breaking nails is placed on the other end of the connecting block with equal arc. The other end of the ice-breaking nails is a sharp point.

[0006] Beneficial effects.

[0007] First, it can create a two-way action of striking and lifting the ice surface, resulting in high ice-breaking efficiency.

[0008] Second, the installation angle can be adjusted according to the actual angle of the bow tip, making it widely applicable.

[0009] Third, it can create a large area for icebreaking at the bow, while the conical distribution also reduces the resistance applied to the hull.

[0010] IV. Simple structure, convenient and practical.

[0011] Fifth, it is low-cost and easy to promote. Attached Figure Description

[0012] Figure 1 A three-dimensional structural diagram of an icebreaking mechanism for an icebreaker ship according to the present invention;

[0013] Figure 2 A top view of an icebreaking mechanism for an icebreaker ship according to the present invention;

[0014] Figure 3 A front view of an icebreaking mechanism for an icebreaker ship according to the present invention;

[0015] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of an icebreaking rod for an icebreaking mechanism on an icebreaking ship according to the present invention;

[0016] Figure 5 A three-dimensional structural diagram of an icebreaking rod for an icebreaking mechanism used on an icebreaker ship according to the present invention;

[0017] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the structure of a connecting block for an icebreaking mechanism on an icebreaker according to the present invention.

[0018] In the attached diagram

[0019] The components are: 1. Fixed frame; 2. Connecting column; 3. Fixed seat; 4. Connecting seat; 5. Rotating shaft; 6. Transmission gear; 7. Ice-breaking rod; 8. Ice-breaking nail; 9. Support rod; 10. Support seat; 11. Connecting rod; 12. Transmission shaft; 13. Crank; 14. Drive bevel gear; 15. Telescopic plate; 16. Connecting block; 17. Arc groove; 18. Rotating sleeve; 19. Protrusion; 20. Drive shaft. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The icebreaking mechanism for icebreakers according to the present invention is implemented as follows: The icebreaking mechanism for icebreakers according to the present invention comprises a fixed frame 1, a connecting column 2, a fixed seat 3, a connecting seat 4, a rotating shaft 5, a transmission gear 6, an icebreaking rod 7, an icebreaking nail 8, a support rod 9, a support seat 10, a connecting rod 11, a transmission shaft 12, a crank 13, a drive bevel gear 14, a telescopic plate 15, a connecting block 16, an arc groove 17, a rotating sleeve 18, a protrusion 19, and a drive shaft 20. The rotating shaft 5 passes through one end of the connecting seat 4, and the drive bevel gear 14 is placed on the rotating shaft 5. Two guide blocks are placed on the other end of the connecting seat 4, and the two guide blocks are inclined on both sides of the connecting seat 4. Mounting holes are opened on the guide blocks. One end of each of the two fixed frames 1 is placed on both sides of the connecting seat 4. The two fixed frames 1 are not parallel, and there is an angle between the extension lines of the two fixed frames 1, and the angle is acute. Four fixed seats 3 are equidistantly placed on the fixed frames 1. The longitudinal section of the fixed seats 3 is L-shaped. The fixed seats 3 on the two fixed frames 1 are opposite to each other. Multiple connecting columns 2 are equidistantly placed at the bottom of the fixed frames 1. The drive shaft 12 is placed on the end of the connecting column 2 and passes through the connecting column 2. One end of the drive shaft 20 is placed on the connecting column 2 at one end of the fixed frame 1 and is connected to the drive shaft 12 on the connecting column 2 at one end of the fixed frame 1. The other end of the drive shaft 20 is equipped with a drive gear 6, which meshes with the drive bevel gear 14 to form a transmission relationship. The limiting ring is placed on the connecting column 2 at the other end of the fixed frame 1 and is connected to the fixed frame 1. The drive shaft 12 on the connecting column 2 at the other end of the fixed frame 1 is connected to the fixed frame 1. Two cranks 13 are placed between two adjacent connecting columns 2 and on the drive shaft 12 between the two connecting columns 2 respectively. The two cranks 13 are opposite each other. The rotating sleeve 18 is placed between the two opposite cranks 13 through the fixed shaft. One end of the ice-breaking rod 7 is placed on the rotating sleeve 18. The middle part of the ice-breaking rod 7 protrudes in one direction to form a protrusion 19. One end of two support rods 9 is placed on both sides of the protrusion 19 through the hinge shaft. The other end of the two support rods 9 extends obliquely in the other direction to the ice-breaking rod 7. The other end of the support rod 9 has a through hole. The support rods 9 on the multiple ice-breaking rods 7 are parallel and connected by the connecting rod 11. 9 is a telescopic structure. The connecting rod 11 is placed inside the through hole. The support 10 is placed on one end of the connecting rod 11 and close to the other end of the fixing frame 1. The other ends of the two connecting rods 11 are connected by a telescopic plate 15. The telescopic plate 15 is extensible. An arc groove 17 is opened on one side of the ice-breaking rod 7. The arc groove 17 extends through to the other end of the ice-breaking rod 7. One side of the connecting block 16 is placed on the other end of the ice-breaking rod 7. The cross-section of the connecting block 16 is arc-shaped. The arc of the connecting block 16 is equal to the arc of the arc groove 17, and the concave surface is flush with the bottom of the arc groove 17. One end of a plurality of ice-breaking nails 8 is placed on the other end of the connecting block 16 with equal arc. The other end of the ice-breaking nails 8 is a sharp point.

[0021] In use, the icebreaking mechanism is installed and fixed to the bow of the ship via the guide block and mounting hole on the connecting seat 4. The rotating shaft 5 of the drive bevel gear 14 is connected to the drive power system inside the ship. Then, the two fixed brackets 1 are installed and fixed to both sides of the bow via the fixed seats 3 on the fixed brackets 1, and connected to the hull via the support 10, so that the support rod 9 and the hull form a certain angle. The rotating shaft 5 is driven to rotate by the drive power system inside the hull. The meshing of the drive bevel gear 14 and the transmission gear 6 drives the drive shaft 20 to rotate. The rotation of the drive shaft 20 drives the transmission shaft 12 on the connecting column 2 at one end of the fixed bracket 1 to rotate, thereby causing the transmission shaft 12 to drive the crank 13 to rotate. The drive shafts 12 on multiple connecting columns 2 are connected by cranks 13, so that multiple cranks 13 rotate simultaneously, thereby driving the icebreaker rod 7 to reciprocate, thus performing excavation and icebreaking operations. While breaking the ice, the protrusion 19 in the middle of the icebreaker rod 7 rotates around one end of the support rod 9. The other end of the support rod 9 is connected to the hull through the connecting rod 11 to form a fixed position, preventing the icebreaker rod 7 from shifting during the icebreaking process. The front end of the icebreaker rod 7 is distributed with multiple sharp icebreaker spikes 8, which can knock and break the ice layer. The icebreaker spikes 8 are arranged to form an arc-shaped shovel profile, which can flip and lift the broken ice from the broken part, thereby greatly improving the speed of icebreaking operations.

[0022] The two fixed frames 1 are not parallel, and there is an angle between the extension lines of the two fixed frames 1. The angle is an acute angle, which allows the two fixed frames 1 to be matched with the actual bow tip angle. It can also be used with the telescopic plate 15 to adjust the angle between the two fixed frames 1, thereby increasing the adaptability of the icebreaking mechanism.

[0023] The design of the connecting rod 11 being placed inside the through hole allows multiple support rods 9 to be fixed by the connecting rod 11, and the support rods 9 can be fixed by the support seat 10 at one end of the connecting rod 11, so that the support rods 9 can form an angle that adapts to the height of the ship according to different ship heights, thereby enabling the ice-breaking nails 8 to fully break the ice surface.

[0024] The support rod 9 is designed to be telescopic, which can further expand the range of the ice-breaking rod 7 when it reciprocates and rotates to break ice, thereby further increasing the area of ​​impact on the ice surface and the range of ice blocks being lifted outward, thus improving ice-breaking efficiency.

[0025] The other ends of the two connecting rods 11 are connected by a telescopic plate 15. The telescopic plate 15 has an extensible design, which can further adjust the angle between the two fixed frames 1 by telescopic extension and retraction, so as to adapt to different bow tip angles and have wider applicability.

[0026] The cross-section of the connecting block 16 is arc-shaped. The arc of the connecting block 16 is equal to the arc of the arc groove 17, and the concave surface and the bottom of the arc groove 17 are flush. This design allows the ice to be flipped and lifted out from the broken point after the ice-breaking nail 8 breaks the ice.

[0027] The ice-breaking rod 7 has an arc groove 17 on one side. The design of the arc groove 17 extending through to the other end of the ice-breaking rod 7 can further increase the area of ​​the arc-shaped shovel surface contour, thereby increasing the area of ​​the ice block being lifted outward.

[0028] The ice-breaking nail 8 has a pointed tip at the other end, which can further improve the efficiency of breaking ice.

[0029] The fixed frame 1, together with the connecting seat 4, forms a conical structure. The angle between the two fixed frames 1 can be adjusted by the telescopic plate 15. While adapting to the shape of the bow, it can form a large area of ​​icebreaking area at the bow. The conical structure can also reduce the resistance added to the hull.

[0030] The ice-breaking nail 8 and the connecting block 16 work together to break the ice surface and flip the ice block outwards. The design can work with the crank 13 to make the ice-breaking nail 8 reciprocate to break the ice surface. At the same time, the concave surface of the connecting block 16 forms an arc-shaped shovel profile to flip the ice block outwards and improve the ice-breaking efficiency.

[0031] The goal is to repeatedly strike the ice surface by using the crank 13 and ice-breaking nails 8, while also using the connecting block 16 to make multiple ice-breaking nails 8 form an arc-shaped shovel profile, thereby flipping and overturning the ice block.

Claims

1. An icebreaking mechanism for an icebreaker, characterized by: The utility model provides a kind of ice breaking device, it is fixed frame, connecting column, fixed seat, connecting seat, rotating shaft, transmission gear, ice breaking rod, ice breaking spike, support rod, support seat, connecting rod, transmission shaft, crank, driving bevel gear, telescopic plate, connecting block, arc groove, rotating sleeve, convex part and driving shaft are composed, rotating shaft passes through one end of connecting seat, driving bevel gear is placed on rotating shaft, two guide blocks are placed on the other end of connecting seat, two guide blocks are placed on the both sides of connecting seat obliquely, installation hole is opened on guide block, one end of two fixed frames is placed on the both sides of connecting seat respectively, four fixed seats are equidistantly placed on fixed frame, the longitudinal section of fixed seat is L-shaped, the fixed seat on two fixed frames is opposite, multiple connecting columns are equidistantly placed on the bottom of fixed frame, transmission shaft is placed on the end of connecting column, and it is through connecting column, one end of driving shaft is placed on the connecting column on one end of fixed frame, and it is connected with the transmission shaft on the connecting column on one end of fixed frame, transmission gear is placed on the other end of driving shaft, transmission gear and driving bevel gear are engaged, and form transmission relationship, limit ring is placed on the connecting column on the other end of fixed frame, and it is connected with the transmission shaft on the connecting column on the other end of fixed frame, two cranks are placed between two adjacent connecting columns, and are respectively placed on the transmission shaft between two connecting columns, two cranks are opposite, rotating sleeve is placed between opposite two cranks by fixed shaft, one end of ice breaking rod is placed on rotating sleeve, the middle part of ice breaking rod is convex to the direction of ice breaking rod side, and forms convex part, one end of two support rods is placed on the both sides of convex part by hinged axle respectively, the other end of two support rods extends obliquely to the direction of the other side of ice breaking rod, through hole is opened on the other end of support rod, multiple support rods on ice breaking rod are parallel, and are connected by connecting rod, support seat is placed on one end of connecting rod, and is close to the other end of fixed frame, arc groove is opened on one side of two ice breaking rods, and extends through to the other end of ice breaking rod, one side of connecting block is placed on the other end of ice breaking rod, one end of multiple ice breaking spikes is equi-radian placed on the other end of connecting block, the other end of connecting rod is connected by telescopic plate.

2. An icebreaking mechanism for an icebreaker as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that Two fixed frames are not parallel, and there is an included angle between the extension lines of two fixed frames, and the included angle is acute.

3. An icebreaking mechanism for an icebreaker as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that Connecting rod is placed in through hole, can fix multiple support rods through connecting rod, and can fix support rod through support seat on one end of connecting rod, so that support rod can form angle that adapts to the height of hull according to the height of different hulls, so that ice breaking spike can fully break ice.

4. An icebreaking mechanism for an icebreaker as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that Support rod is telescopic structure, can further expand the amplitude of ice breaking rod when reciprocating rotation, so as to further increase the impact area of ice surface and further increase the range of ice block.

5. An icebreaking mechanism for an icebreaker as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that Telescopic plate has ductility.

6. An icebreaking mechanism for an icebreaker as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that The cross section of connecting block is arc shape.

7. An icebreaking mechanism for an icebreaker as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that The radian of connecting block is equal to the radian of arc groove, and the concave surface is flush with the groove bottom of arc groove.

8. An icebreaking mechanism for an icebreaker as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that The other end of ice breaking spike is pointed end.

9. An icebreaking mechanism for an icebreaker as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that The fixed frame cooperates with the connecting seat to form a conical structure, the angle between the two fixed frames can be adjusted through the cooperation of the telescopic plate, the conical structure can adapt to the shape of the bow and form a large icebreaking area of the bow, and the conical structure can reduce the resistance to the ship body.

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