Embryology arterial trunk separation teaching aid and use method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses an embryology arterial trunk septum teaching aid and a method for using the same, comprising three arterial trunk bodies with the same structure, a group of notches a symmetrically opened on the side walls of the arterial trunk bodies, a normal aorta-pulmonary artery septum group can be inserted through the notches a in the arterial trunk bodies, the normal aorta-pulmonary artery septum group comprises two normal aorta-pulmonary artery septa arranged oppositely, and also comprises ribbons a and ribbons b, the ribbons a and ribbons b are respectively arranged on both sides of the normal aorta-pulmonary artery septum group; and also comprises an abnormal aorta-pulmonary artery septum group and a skewed aorta-pulmonary artery septum group which can be inserted in the arterial trunk bodies, the abnormal aorta-pulmonary artery septum group is used to demonstrate the blood flow path of the aorta and pulmonary artery in the case of aortic and pulmonary artery misalignment. The skewed aorta-pulmonary artery septum group is used to demonstrate the blood flow path of the aorta and pulmonary artery in the case of aortic or pulmonary artery stenosis malformation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of embryology teaching aids, and in particular relates to an embryology arterial trunk separation teaching aid, and also relates to a method for using the teaching aid. Background Art

[0002] Truncal septation is an important part of the teaching content of cardiogenesis in Embryology. The study of the development process and results of truncal septation is the theoretical basis for clinical diagnosis and treatment of truncal septation malformation. At present, in the teaching of truncal septation, teachers mainly use pictures and animations for demonstration. However, due to the large number of professional terms in this content, which involves the dynamic development and evolution of multiple structures and the changes in their relative positional relationships, it requires a certain degree of spatial imagination. Therefore, students often find it difficult to understand, which affects the learning effect. Summary of the invention

[0003] The first purpose of the present invention is to provide an embryology arterial trunk separation teaching aid, which is easy to carry, simple to operate, and can display teaching content intuitively and dynamically.

[0004] Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for using the above-mentioned embryological arterial trunk separation teaching aid.

[0005] The first technical solution adopted by the present invention is an embryological arterial trunk septum teaching aid, comprising three arterial trunk bodies with the same structure, a group of notches a are symmetrically opened on the side wall of the first arterial trunk body, a normal aorta-pulmonary artery septum group can be inserted into the arterial trunk body through the notches a, the normal aorta-pulmonary artery septum group comprises two normal aorta-pulmonary artery septa arranged oppositely, the notches a are adapted to the shape of the normal aorta-pulmonary artery septa, the normal aorta-pulmonary artery septum group separates the arterial trunk body into two areas of similar size, the normal aorta-pulmonary artery septum group is a spiral structure, and further comprises a ribbon a and a ribbon b, the ribbon a and the ribbon b are respectively arranged on both sides of the normal aorta-pulmonary artery septum group;

[0006] A set of notches b are symmetrically opened on the side wall of the second arterial trunk body, and an abnormal aorta-pulmonary artery septum group can be inserted into the second arterial trunk body through the notches b. The notches b are adapted to the shape of the abnormal aorta-pulmonary artery septum. The abnormal aorta-pulmonary artery septum group is a plate-like structure. The abnormal aorta-pulmonary artery septum group divides the second arterial trunk body into two areas of similar size. The ribbon a and the ribbon b can be respectively arranged on both sides of the abnormal aorta-pulmonary artery septum group.

[0007] A group of notches c are symmetrically opened on the side wall of the third arterial trunk body, and the third arterial trunk body can be inserted with an offset aorta-pulmonary artery septum group through the notches c. The offset aorta-pulmonary artery septum group includes two offset aorta-pulmonary artery septa arranged oppositely. The notches c are adapted to the shape of the offset aorta-pulmonary artery septa. The offset aorta-pulmonary artery septum group is a spiral structure. The offset aorta-pulmonary artery septum group divides the arterial trunk body into two areas of different sizes. Ribbon a and ribbon b can be respectively arranged on both sides of the offset aorta-pulmonary artery septum group.

[0008] The first technical solution adopted by the present invention is also characterized in that:

[0009] The three arterial trunks are all hollow transparent plastic tubes.

[0010] The normal aortopulmonary septum and the displaced aortopulmonary septum are both formed by two spirally rotating plate-like structures fused at the vertical centerline of the arterial trunk, while the abnormal aortopulmonary septum is formed by two plate-like structures fused at the vertical centerline of the second arterial trunk.

[0011] The colors of ribbon a and ribbon b are different.

[0012] The normal aortapulmonary septum group, abnormal aortapulmonary septum group and deviation aortapulmonary septum group were all made of elastic plastic.

[0013] The second technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a method for using an embryology arterial trunk separation teaching aid, using an embryology arterial trunk separation teaching aid, specifically following the steps below:

[0014] Step 1: insert two normal aorta-pulmonary artery septa into the first arterial trunk from the gap a. When the two normal aorta-pulmonary artery septa touch each other at the midline, the lumen of the first arterial trunk is divided into two spiral lumens, which represent the aortic lumen a and the pulmonary artery lumen a respectively.

[0015] Step 2: Two ribbons a and b of different colors are passed through the aortic cavity a or pulmonary artery cavity a formed in step 1 respectively to demonstrate the blood flow paths of the aorta and pulmonary artery;

[0016] Step 3, inserting two abnormal aorta-pulmonary artery septa into the second arterial trunk from the gap b in opposite directions, and when the two abnormal aorta-pulmonary artery septa touch at the midline, the lumen of the second arterial trunk is divided into two parallel lumens, representing the aortic lumen b and the pulmonary artery lumen b respectively;

[0017] Step 4: Two ribbons a and b of different colors are passed through the aortic cavity b or pulmonary artery cavity b formed in step 3 respectively, to demonstrate the blood flow path of the aorta and pulmonary artery in the case of misalignment of the aorta and pulmonary artery;

[0018] Step 5, insert two offset aorta-pulmonary artery septa into the third arterial trunk from the gap c respectively, so that the lumen of the third arterial trunk is divided into two lumens of different sizes running in a spiral shape, representing the aortic lumen c and the pulmonary artery lumen c respectively;

[0019] Step 6. Two ribbons a and b of different colors pass through the aortic cavity c or pulmonary artery cavity c formed in step 5 respectively, to demonstrate the blood flow path of the aorta and pulmonary artery in the case of aortic or pulmonary artery stenosis.

[0020] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0021] (1) The present invention provides an embryology arterial septation teaching aid, which intuitively and dynamically demonstrates the normal and abnormal developmental processes and results of arterial septation, thereby facilitating students' learning of the content;

[0022] (2) The method for using the embryology arterial trunk separation teaching aid of the present invention is simple to operate and does not require special training for operators, and students can also operate it. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 The structure of the arterial trunk body in the embryology arterial trunk separation teaching aid of the present invention is schematically shown. Figure 1 ;

[0024] Figure 2 The structure of the arterial trunk body in the embryology arterial trunk separation teaching aid of the present invention is schematically shown. Figure 2 ;

[0025] Figure 3 The structure of the arterial trunk body in the embryology arterial trunk separation teaching aid of the present invention is schematically shown. Figure 3 ;

[0026] Figure 4 It is a schematic structural diagram of a normal aorta-pulmonary artery septum group in an embryological arterial trunk septum teaching aid of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of a ribbon a in an embryology arterial trunk separation teaching aid of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of a ribbon b in an embryology arterial trunk separation teaching aid of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 7It is a schematic diagram of the structure of an abnormal aorta-pulmonary artery septum group in an embryology arterial trunk septum teaching aid of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 8 It is a structural schematic diagram of a displaced aorta-pulmonary artery septum group in an embryology arterial trunk septum teaching aid of the present invention;

[0031] Fig. 9 It is a structural schematic diagram of a normal demonstration of arterial trunk separation of an embryology arterial trunk separation teaching aid of the present invention;

[0032] Fig.10 A schematic structural diagram of a demonstration of aorta and pulmonary artery misalignment malformation in an embryology arterial trunk separation teaching aid of the present invention;

[0033] Fig.11 The present invention is a schematic structural diagram of an embryological arterial trunk septum teaching aid for demonstrating aortic or pulmonary artery stenosis malformation.

[0034] In the figure: 1. arterial trunk body, 2. normal aorta-pulmonary artery septum group, 3. ribbon a, 4. ribbon b, 5. abnormal aorta-pulmonary artery septum group, 6. deviant aorta-pulmonary artery septum group, 7. aortic cavity a, 8. pulmonary artery cavity a, 9. aortic cavity b, 10. pulmonary artery cavity b, 11. aortic cavity c, 12. pulmonary artery cavity c, 13. notch a, 14. notch b, 15. notch c. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0036] like Figures 1 to 8 As shown in the figure, they are schematic diagrams of the component structure of an embryology arterial trunk septum teaching aid of the present invention, which consists of three arterial trunk bodies 1 with the same structure, a normal aorta-pulmonary artery septum group 2, an abnormal aorta-pulmonary artery septum group 5, a distorted aorta-pulmonary artery septum group 6 and two ribbons a3 and b4 of different colors, wherein the arterial trunk body 1 is a hollow transparent plastic tube, such as Figure 1 As shown, a group of notches a13 are symmetrically opened on the side wall of the first arterial trunk body 1, and a normal aorta-pulmonary artery septum group 2 can be inserted into the arterial trunk body 1 through the notches a13. Figure 2 As shown, a group of notches b14 are symmetrically opened on the side wall of the second arterial trunk body 1, and an abnormal aorta-pulmonary artery septum group 5 can be inserted into the arterial trunk body 1 through the notches b14. Figure 3 As shown, a group of notches c15 are symmetrically opened on the side wall of the third arterial trunk body 1, and the offset aorta-pulmonary artery septum group 6 can be inserted into the arterial trunk body 1 through the notches c15. The normal aorta-pulmonary artery septum group 2, the abnormal aorta-pulmonary artery septum group 5 or the offset aorta-pulmonary artery septum group 6 separates the arterial trunk body 1 into two parts respectively.

[0037] The normal aorta-pulmonary artery septum group 2 includes two normal aorta-pulmonary artery septa arranged opposite to each other, and the notch a13 is adapted to the shape of the normal aorta-pulmonary artery septum. The normal aorta-pulmonary artery septum group 2 separates the first arterial trunk body 1 into two areas of similar size. The normal aorta-pulmonary artery septum group 2 is a spiral structure. The ribbon a3 and the ribbon b4 are respectively arranged on both sides of the normal aorta-pulmonary artery septum group 2. The two normal aorta-pulmonary artery septa are inserted into the first arterial trunk body 1 from the notch a13 on the wall of the first arterial trunk body 1 in opposite directions, demonstrating the normal development process and results of the arterial trunk septum. The normal aorta-pulmonary artery septum is a spiral septum formed by the fusion of the left and right bulbar ridges in the midline, which separates the arterial trunk into two pipelines of similar size that bypass each other, namely the aorta and the pulmonary artery. Two ribbons a3 and b4 used to simulate blood flow pass through the aortic and pulmonary artery lumens respectively, demonstrating the passage of blood flow in the aorta and the pulmonary artery.

[0038] The abnormal aorta-pulmonary artery septum group 5 includes two abnormal aorta-pulmonary artery septa arranged opposite to each other, and the gap b14 is adapted to the shape of the abnormal aorta-pulmonary artery septum. The abnormal aorta-pulmonary artery septum group 5 is a plate-like structure. The abnormal aorta-pulmonary artery septum group 5 separates the second arterial trunk body 1 into two semi-cylindrical shapes of similar size. The ribbon a3 and the ribbon b4 can be respectively arranged on both sides of the abnormal aorta-pulmonary artery septum group 5; the two aorta-pulmonary artery septa that do not run in a spiral shape are inserted into the second arterial trunk body 1 from the gap b14 on the wall of the second arterial trunk body 1 in opposite directions, demonstrating the development process and results of abnormal arterial trunk septa. Because the aorta-pulmonary artery septa do not run in a spiral shape, the arterial trunk is separated into two parallel tubes, which leads to the deformity of the misalignment of the aorta and the pulmonary artery. The two ribbons a3 and the ribbon b4 used to simulate blood flow pass through the misaligned aorta and pulmonary artery cavities respectively, demonstrating the passage of blood flow in the aorta and the pulmonary artery.

[0039] The deviated aortopulmonary artery septum group 6 includes two deviated aortopulmonary artery septa arranged opposite to each other, the notch c15 is adapted to the shape of the deviated aortopulmonary artery septum, the deviated aortopulmonary artery septum group 6 is a spiral structure with a diameter smaller than the diameter of the arterial trunk body 1, and the two deviated aortopulmonary artery septa are inserted into the third arterial trunk body 1 through the notch c15 on the wall of the third arterial trunk body 1, dividing the third arterial trunk body 1 into two areas of different sizes, and the ribbon a3 and the ribbon b4 can be respectively arranged on both sides of the deviated aortopulmonary artery septum group 6. The deviated aortopulmonary artery septum is inserted into the third arterial trunk body 1 to demonstrate the developmental result of abnormal arterial trunk separation. Because the occurrence site of the aortopulmonary artery septum is biased to one side, the arterial trunk is separated into two pipes of different sizes, which leads to the malformation of uneven separation of the aorta and the pulmonary artery. Two ribbons a3 and ribbon b4 used for simulating blood flow pass through the aortic and pulmonary artery cavities of different sizes respectively to demonstrate the passage of blood flow in the aorta and the pulmonary artery.

[0040] The normal aorta-pulmonary artery septum group 2, the abnormal aorta-pulmonary artery septum group 5 and the deviation aorta-pulmonary artery septum group 6 are all made of elastic plastic material.

[0041] The normal aorta-pulmonary septum group 2 and the displaced aorta-pulmonary septum group 6 are both formed by two spirally rotating plate-like structures fused at the vertical center line in the arterial trunk body 1, and the abnormal aorta-pulmonary septum group 5 is formed by two plate-like structures fused at the vertical center line in the second arterial trunk body 1.

[0042] The colors of ribbon a3 and ribbon b4 are different, and the two different colored ribbons represent the blood flow through the aorta or the pulmonary artery respectively.

[0043] A method for using an embryology arterial trunk separation teaching aid is specifically performed according to the following steps:

[0044] Step 1: Fig. 9 As shown, two normal aorta-pulmonary artery septa are respectively inserted into the first arterial trunk body 1 from the notch a13 on the wall of the first arterial trunk body 1. When the two normal aorta-pulmonary artery septa are in contact at the midline (as shown by the dotted line), the lumen of the first arterial trunk body 1 is divided into two lumens running in a spiral shape, and the two lumens represent the aortic lumen a7 and the pulmonary artery lumen a8 respectively.

[0045] Step 2, two ribbons a3 and b4 of different colors pass through the aortic cavity a7 or pulmonary artery cavity a8 formed in step 1 respectively, to demonstrate the blood flow paths of the aorta and pulmonary artery;

[0046] Step 3: Fig.10 As shown, two abnormal aorta-pulmonary septa are respectively inserted into the second arterial trunk body 1 from the notch b14 on the wall of the second arterial trunk body 1. When the two abnormal aorta-pulmonary septa are in contact at the midline (as shown by the dotted line), the lumen of the second arterial trunk body 1 is divided into two parallel lumens, which represent the aortic lumen b9 and the pulmonary artery lumen b10 respectively.

[0047] Step 4: Two ribbons a3 and b4 of different colors pass through the aortic cavity b9 or the pulmonary artery cavity b10 respectively, to demonstrate the blood flow paths of the aorta and pulmonary artery when the aorta and pulmonary artery are misaligned.

[0048] Step 5: Fig.11As shown, two offset aorta-pulmonary artery septa are respectively inserted into the third arterial trunk 1 from the notch c15 on the wall of the third arterial trunk 1. When the two offset aorta-pulmonary artery septa are in contact and fused (as shown by the dotted line), the lumen of the third arterial trunk 1 is divided into two lumens of different sizes running in a spiral shape, representing the aortic lumen c11 and the pulmonary artery lumen c12 respectively.

[0049] Step 6: Two ribbons a3 and b4 of different colors pass through the aortic cavity c11 or the pulmonary artery cavity c12 respectively, demonstrating the blood flow paths of the aorta and pulmonary artery in the case of aortic or pulmonary artery stenosis.

[0050] The functions of the main components of an embryology arterial trunk separation teaching aid used in the method of the present invention are as follows:

[0051] Three arterial trunk bodies 1: Demonstration of arterial trunk bodies;

[0052] Normal aorta-pulmonary artery septum group 2: can be inserted into the first arterial trunk body 1 to demonstrate that the arterial trunk is separated by the normal aorta-pulmonary artery septum into the aorta and pulmonary artery that bypass each other;

[0053] Abnormal aorta-pulmonary artery septum group 5 (aorta-pulmonary artery septum group not running in a spiral shape): can be inserted into the second arterial trunk body 1 to demonstrate the abnormal situation that the arterial trunk is separated into the aorta and pulmonary artery parallel to each other by the aorta-pulmonary artery septum not running in a spiral shape;

[0054] The deviated aorta-pulmonary artery septum group 6 (the deviated aorta-pulmonary artery septum group) can be inserted into the third arterial trunk body 1 to demonstrate the malformation of the arterial trunk being divided into aortas or pulmonary artery stenosis of different sizes by the deviated aorta-pulmonary artery septum.

[0055] The embryology arterial septation teaching aid of the present invention demonstrates the process and result of normal and abnormal development of arterial septation intuitively and dynamically by using the teaching aid; the teaching aid is easy to carry and simple to operate, and does not require special training for operators, and students can also operate it.

Claims

1. An embryology arterial trunk separation teaching aid, characterized in that: The invention comprises three arterial trunk bodies (1) with the same structure, wherein a group of notches a (13) are symmetrically opened on the side wall of the first arterial trunk body (1), and a normal aorta-pulmonary artery septum group (2) can be inserted into the first arterial trunk body (1) through the notches a (13), and the normal aorta-pulmonary artery septum group (2) comprises two normal aorta-pulmonary artery septa arranged opposite to each other, and the notches a (13) are adapted to the shape of the normal aorta-pulmonary artery septa, and the normal aorta-pulmonary artery septum group (2) divides the first arterial trunk body (1) into two areas of similar size, and the normal aorta-pulmonary artery septum group (2) is a spiral structure, and further comprises a ribbon a (3) and a ribbon b (4), and the ribbon a (3) and the ribbon b (4) are respectively arranged on both sides of the normal aorta-pulmonary artery septum group (2); A group of notches b (14) are symmetrically opened on the side wall of the second arterial trunk body (1), and an abnormal aorta-pulmonary artery septum group (5) can be inserted into the second arterial trunk body (1) through the notches b (14). The abnormal aorta-pulmonary artery septum group (5) includes two abnormal aorta-pulmonary artery septa arranged opposite to each other. The notches b (14) are adapted to the shape of the abnormal aorta-pulmonary artery septa. The abnormal aorta-pulmonary artery septum group (5) is a plate-like structure. The abnormal aorta-pulmonary artery septum group (5) divides the second arterial trunk body (1) into two areas of similar size. The ribbon a (3) and the ribbon b (4) can be respectively arranged on both sides of the abnormal aorta-pulmonary artery septum group (5); A group of notches c (15) are symmetrically opened on the side wall of the third arterial trunk body (1), and the third arterial trunk body (1) can be inserted with an offset aorta-pulmonary artery septum group (6) through the notches c (15). The offset aorta-pulmonary artery septum group (6) includes two offset aorta-pulmonary artery septa arranged opposite to each other. The notches c (15) are adapted to the shape of the offset aorta-pulmonary artery septa. The offset aorta-pulmonary artery septum group (6) is a spiral structure. The offset aorta-pulmonary artery septum group (6) divides the third arterial trunk body (1) into two areas of different sizes. The ribbon a (3) and the ribbon b (4) can be respectively arranged on both sides of the offset aorta-pulmonary artery septum group (6); The arterial trunk bodies (1) are all hollow transparent plastic tubes.

2. The embryology arterial trunk separation teaching aid according to claim 1, characterized in that: The normal aorta-pulmonary artery septum group (2) and the eccentric aorta-pulmonary artery septum group (6) are both formed by two spirally rotating plate-like structures fused at the vertical center line in the arterial trunk body (1), and the abnormal aorta-pulmonary artery septum group (5) is formed by two plate-like structures fused at the vertical center line in the second arterial trunk body (1).

3. The embryology arterial trunk separation teaching aid according to claim 2, characterized in that: The normal aorta-pulmonary artery septum group (2), the abnormal aorta-pulmonary artery septum group (5) and the offset aorta-pulmonary artery septum group (6) are all made of elastic plastic material.

4. The embryology arterial trunk separation teaching aid according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ribbon a (3) and the ribbon b (4) have different colors.

5. A method for using the embryological arterial trunk separation teaching aid according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The embryological arterial trunk separation teaching aid according to claim 1 is used, and the steps are specifically as follows: Step 1, insert two normal aorta-pulmonary artery septa into the first arterial trunk (1) from the gap a (13) in opposite directions. When the two normal aorta-pulmonary artery septa touch each other at the midline, the lumen of the first arterial trunk (1) is divided into two lumens running in a spiral shape, and the two lumens represent the aortic lumen a (7) and the pulmonary artery lumen a (8) respectively. Step 2: Two ribbons a (3) and b (4) of different colors are passed through the aortic cavity a (7) or pulmonary artery cavity a (8) formed in step 1, respectively, to demonstrate the blood flow paths of the aorta and pulmonary artery; Step 3, inserting two abnormal aorta-pulmonary septa into the second arterial trunk (1) from the gap b (14) in opposite directions, and when the two normal aorta-pulmonary septa touch each other at the midline, the lumen of the second arterial trunk (1) is divided into two parallel lumens, which respectively represent the aortic lumen b (9) and the pulmonary artery lumen b (10); Step 4: Two ribbons a (3) and b (4) of different colors are passed through the aortic cavity b (9) or pulmonary artery cavity b (10) formed in step 3, respectively, to demonstrate the blood flow paths of the aorta and pulmonary artery when the aorta and pulmonary artery are misaligned; Step 5, inserting two offset aortopulmonary septa into the third arterial trunk (1) from the gap c (15), the lumen of the third arterial trunk (1) is divided into two lumens of different sizes running in a spiral shape, representing the aortic lumen c (11) and the pulmonary artery lumen c (12), respectively; Step 6. Two ribbons a (3) and b (4) of different colors are passed through the aortic cavity c (11) or pulmonary artery cavity c (12) formed in step 5, respectively, to demonstrate the blood flow path of the aorta and pulmonary artery in the case of aortic or pulmonary artery stenosis.

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