Applicable to the generation system of coal-fired flue gas particulate matter

Abstract

The invention discloses a generation system for particulate matter in coal-fired flue gas, including: a chimney system; a flue gas generation system for generating flue gas consistent with actual coal-fired flue gas, which is connected to the inlet of the chimney system; a condensable particle generator for forming condensable particles, whose inlet is connected to the outlet end of the chimney system and is also connected to the outside so that the outside air enters the condensable particle generator; the condensable particle generator is also provided with a sampling hole for collecting particle samples; a control system is connected to the flue gas generation system and the condensable particle generator in communication, and the control system is used to adjust the control parameters of the flue gas generation system to generate different flue gases, and is also used to adjust the control parameters of the condensable particle generator to simulate different environmental conditions. The generation system is a system that can simulate the simultaneous generation of FPM and CPM, and can simulate the formation process of CPM after the coal-fired flue gas is discharged into the atmosphere, providing conditions for the research of CPM testing methods.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of coal-fired flue gas, and in particular to a generation system suitable for coal-fired flue gas particulate matter. Background Art

[0002] The particulate matter emitted by stationary pollution sources is divided into filterable particulate matter (FPM) and condensable particulate matter (CPM). The sum of the two is the total particulate matter (TPM) emitted by stationary pollution sources into the ambient air.

[0003] The smoke emission limits stipulated in the existing emission standards are only for FPM, and CPM is ignored. However, according to relevant data, CPM emissions from coal-fired flue gas account for 76% of total PM10 emissions and 49% of TPM emissions. Some are even more than twice the FPM emissions. It can be seen that CPM emissions contribute greatly to particulate matter emissions from fixed pollution sources. CPM is a particulate pollutant from fixed pollution sources that cannot be ignored.

[0004] In recent years, some research institutes and environmental monitoring centers have conducted research on CPM testing methods, emission characteristics of pollution sources, and conversion characteristics. However, these studies are still in their infancy and cannot simulate the formation process of condensable particulate matter after flue gas is discharged into the atmosphere, nor can they know the morphological changes caused by environmental influences after being discharged into the atmosphere. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a generation system suitable for coal-fired flue gas particulate matter, which generation system can simulate the simultaneous generation of FPM and CPM, and can simulate the formation process of CPM after the coal-fired flue gas is discharged into the atmosphere, thereby providing conditions for the research of CPM testing methods, and can also accurately test the concentrations of FPM and CPM in primary particulate matter.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a generation system for coal-fired flue gas particulate matter, comprising:

[0007] Chimney system;

[0008] A flue gas generating system, used for generating flue gas consistent with actual coal-burning flue gas; the flue gas generating system is connected to the inlet of the chimney system to deliver the generated flue gas into the chimney system;

[0009] A condensable particle generator for forming condensable particles; the inlet of the condensable particle generator is connected to the outlet end of the chimney system and is also connected to the outside so that the outside air enters the condensable particle generator;

[0010] A control system is communicatively connected with the smoke generating system and the condensable particulate matter generator, wherein the control system is used to adjust control parameters of the smoke generating system to generate different smoke, and is also used to adjust control parameters of the condensable particulate matter generator to simulate different environmental conditions.

[0011] The generating system provided by the present invention generates coal-fired flue gas through a flue gas generating system, and sends the coal-fired flue gas to a chimney system, and then to a condensable particle generator through the chimney system. The condensable particle generator is connected to the outside world, and the control parameters of the flue gas generating system are adjusted by a control system to generate different flues. By adjusting the control parameters of the condensable particle generator by the control system, different environmental conditions can be simulated. In this way, the migration characteristics of the flue gas after being discharged into the atmosphere can be analyzed through the generating system, and the formation process of condensable particles after the flue gas is discharged into the atmosphere through the chimney system can be simulated, which provides conditions for the research of the testing method of condensable particles. After sampling, the concentrations of filterable particles and condensable particles in the primary particles can also be accurately tested.

[0012] The system for generating particulate matter in coal-fired flue gas as described above comprises a flue gas pipeline, a first fan and a flue gas component generator; the inlet end of the flue gas pipeline is connected to the first fan and the flue gas component generator, and the outlet end is connected to the inlet of the chimney system, the first fan is communicatively connected to the control system, and the first fan is used to adjust the air volume entering the chimney system; the flue gas component generator is used to provide gas components in the coal-fired flue gas to be tested.

[0013] The above-mentioned system for generating particulate matter in coal-fired flue gas comprises a NH 3 Gas source;

[0014] and / or, the smoke component generator comprises a NO gas source connected to the smoke pipeline;

[0015] And / or, the smoke component generator includes a SO connected to the smoke pipeline 2 Gas source;

[0016] and / or, the smoke component generator comprises an HF gas source connected to the smoke pipeline;

[0017] and / or, the smoke component generator comprises an HCI gas source connected to the smoke pipeline;

[0018] And / or, the smoke component generator includes a SO connected to the smoke pipeline 3 Gas source.

[0019] As described above, the system for generating particulate matter in coal-fired flue gas is suitable for the SO 3 The gas source is SO 3 Reactor, the SO 3 Reactors are used to generate SO 3 Gas, the SO 3 The reactor includes SO 2 A standard gas source, a vacuum pump, an air source and a reaction tank, wherein the vacuum pump is used to transfer air from the air source and air from the SO 2 Standard gas source SO 2 The gas is pumped to the reaction tank, and the reaction tank converts the SO 2 Catalytic oxidation of gases to produce SO 3 The gas outlet of the reaction tank is connected to the flue gas pipeline.

[0020] As described above, the system for generating particulate matter in coal-fired flue gas is provided with a regulating valve and a mass flow controller on the pipeline connecting the gas source and the flue gas pipeline, and both the regulating valve and the mass flow controller are communicatively connected to the control system.

[0021] As described above, the system for generating particulate matter in coal-fired flue gas, the flue gas generating system also includes a first collector located upstream of the first fan, an air filter is provided between the first collector and the first fan, and the diameter of the first collector gradually decreases along the direction from the first collector to the first fan.

[0022] The system for generating particulate matter from coal-fired flue gas as described above, wherein the flue gas generating system further comprises an aerosol generator connected to the flue gas pipeline, wherein the aerosol generator is used to allow dust to enter the flue gas pipeline in the form of aerosol;

[0023] And / or, the flue gas generating system further comprises a steam generator connected to the flue gas pipeline, for adjusting the moisture content of the flue gas in the chimney system; a regulating valve and a wet flow meter are arranged on the pipeline connecting the steam generator and the flue gas pipeline, and the regulating valve and the wet flow meter are both in communication connection with the control system;

[0024] And / or, the smoke generating system further comprises an electric heater connected to the smoke pipeline, and the electric heater is communicatively connected to the control system.

[0025] As described above, the system for generating particulate matter from coal-fired flue gas comprises a chimney system including a chimney body and an inner chimney pipe located at the bottom inlet end of the chimney body, the top end of the inner chimney pipe is sealed, and the peripheral wall at its upper end is provided with a plurality of exhaust holes connected to the chimney body; the smoke pipeline of the smoke generating system is specifically connected to the bottom inlet of the inner chimney pipe so that the smoke enters the chimney body through the exhaust holes of the inner chimney pipe.

[0026] As described above, the system for generating particulate matter in coal-fired flue gas is also provided with a cap at the top of the chimney inner tube, and the diameter of the brim of the cap is larger than the outer diameter of the chimney inner tube.

[0027] As described above, the system for generating particulate matter from coal-fired flue gas is further provided with a sampling port on the chimney body, and the distance between the sampling port and the outlet end of the chimney inner tube is greater than 6 times the equivalent diameter of the chimney body, and the distance between the sampling port and the outlet end of the chimney body is greater than 3 times the equivalent diameter of the chimney body.

[0028] The above-mentioned system for generating particulate matter in coal-fired flue gas further comprises a spray device disposed in the chimney body, the spray device being located below the sampling port, the distance between the sampling port and the spray device being greater than 6 times the equivalent diameter of the chimney body, and the control system being in communication connection with the spray device;

[0029] And / or, it also includes a reheater arranged in the chimney system, the reheater is used to increase the temperature of the flue gas flowing in the chimney system, the distance between the sampling port and the reheater is greater than 6 times the equivalent diameter of the chimney body, and the control system is also communicatively connected with the reheater.

[0030] As described above, the system for generating particulate matter from coal-fired flue gas is also provided with a drainage outlet at the bottom of the chimney body.

[0031] As described above, the system for generating particulate matter in flue gas from coal combustion is provided with a differential pressure flowmeter, a thermometer and a hygrometer which are in communication connection with the control system on the chimney system.

[0032] The system for generating particulate matter from coal-fired flue gas as described above also includes an environmental gas generator arranged near the inlet end of the condensable particulate matter generator, wherein the environmental gas generator is used to generate gas components in the ambient air that contribute to the formation of condensable particulate matter.

[0033] In the system for generating particulate matter from coal-fired flue gas as described above, the contributing gas components include ozone or inorganic salt aerosol.

[0034] The system for generating particulate matter from coal-fired flue gas as described above, the condensable particulate matter generator includes a mixing tank and a sampling tube, the outlet end of the chimney system is connected to the inlet end of the mixing tank, the outlet end of the mixing tank is connected to the inlet end of the sampling tube, the diameter of the sampling tube is smaller than the diameter of the mixing tank; the outlet end of the sampling tube is connected to a second fan through a pipeline, the second fan is communicatively connected to the control system, the second fan is used to draw outside air and flue gas in the chimney system into the mixing tank to form condensable particulate matter in the mixing tank; the sampling tube is provided with a sampling hole.

[0035] As described above, the system for generating particulate matter in coal-fired flue gas, the condensable particulate matter generator also includes a second collector arranged between the mixing tank and the chimney system, and the diameter of the second collector gradually decreases along the direction from the chimney system to the mixing tank; the inlet end of the second collector is connected to the outside.

[0036] As described above, in the system for generating particulate matter in coal-fired flue gas, the outlet end of the mixing tank is connected to the sampling tube via a reducer, and the diameter of the reducer gradually decreases along the direction from the mixing tank to the sampling tube.

[0037] As described above, the system for generating particulate matter in coal-fired flue gas is provided on the sampling tube with a differential pressure flowmeter, a thermometer and a hygrometer which are in communication connection with the control system.

[0038] As described above, the system for generating particulate matter in coal-fired flue gas, the condensable particulate matter generator further comprises a recovery device located downstream of the second fan, the recovery device being used for absorbing dust and organic or inorganic components in the flue gas.

[0039] As described above, in the system for generating particulate matter from coal-fired flue gas, the sampling tube is a straight tube structure, the distance between the sampling hole and the outlet end of the reducer is greater than 6 times the equivalent diameter of the sampling tube, and the distance between the sampling hole and the outlet end of the sampling tube is greater than 3 times the equivalent diameter of the sampling tube. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0040] Figure 1 This is a simplified structural diagram of a specific embodiment of the system for generating particulate matter from coal-fired flue gas provided by the present invention.

[0041] Description of reference numerals:

[0042] Flue gas generation system 1, chimney system 2, condensable particulate matter generator 3;

[0043] The first collector 11, the first air filter 12, the fan 13, the electric heater 14, the aerosol generator 15, the steam generator 16, the first regulating valve 161, the wet flow meter 162, the smoke component generator 17, the NH 3 Gas source 171, NO Gas source 172, SO 2 Gas source 173, HF gas source 174, HCI gas source 175, second regulating valve 176, mass flow controller 177, SO 3 Reaction furnace 178, second air filter 1781, flow meter 1782, air pump 1783, reaction tank 1784;

[0044] Chimney body 21, sampling port 211, chimney inner pipe 22, insulation layer 23, first differential pressure flowmeter 24, first thermometer 25, first hygrometer 26, reheater 27, spray device 28, drain port 29;

[0045] A second collector 31 , an environmental gas generator 32 , a mixing tank 33 , a reducer 34 , a second differential pressure flowmeter 35 , a second thermometer 36 , a second hygrometer 37 , a sampling hole 38 , a sampling tube 39 , a second fan 310 , and a recovery device 311 . DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0046] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the scheme of the present invention, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0047] Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a simplified structural diagram of a specific embodiment of the system for generating particulate matter from coal-fired flue gas provided by the present invention.

[0048] The embodiment provides a system for generating particulate matter from coal-fired flue gas, comprising:

[0049] Chimney system 2;

[0050] The flue gas generating system 1 is used to generate flue gas consistent with actual coal-burning flue gas; the flue gas generating system 1 is connected to the inlet of the chimney system 2 to send the generated flue gas into the chimney system 2;

[0051] A condensable particle generator 3 is used to form condensable particles; the inlet of the condensable particle generator 3 is connected to the outlet end of the chimney system 2, and is also connected to the outside, so that the outside air enters the condensable particle generator 3;

[0052] The control system is in communication with the smoke generating system 1 and the condensable particle generator 3. The control system is used to adjust the control parameters of the smoke generating system 1 to generate different smoke, and is also used to adjust the control parameters of the condensable particle generator 3 to simulate different environmental conditions.

[0053] The generating system generates flue gas consistent with actual coal-fired flue gas through the flue gas generating system 1, and sends the generated flue gas to the chimney system 2, and then sends it to the condensable particle generator 3 through the chimney system 2. The condensable particle generator 3 is connected to the outside world. Different flue gases can be generated by adjusting the control parameters of the flue gas generating system 1 through the control system. Different environmental conditions can be simulated by adjusting the control parameters of the condensable particle generator 3 by the control system. In this way, the migration characteristics of the flue gas after being discharged into the atmosphere can be analyzed through the generating system, and the formation process of condensable particles after the flue gas is discharged into the atmosphere through the chimney system 2 can be simulated, which provides conditions for the research of the condensable particle testing method. The flue gas generating system 1 generates flue gas consistent with the actual coal-fired flue gas to be tested, so the concentration of filterable particles and condensable particles in the primary particles can be accurately tested through sampling.

[0054] It should be noted here that the flue gas generated by the flue gas generating system 1 is consistent with the actual coal-fired flue gas to be tested, which means that its components and component proportions, as well as related parameters such as humidity and temperature are generally consistent, so that the simulation conditions are similar to the actual coal-fired flue gas emissions, which can improve the accuracy of the test results.

[0055] like Figure 1 As shown, in this embodiment, the smoke generating system 1 includes a smoke pipeline (not marked in the figure), a first fan 13 and a smoke component generator; wherein, the inlet section of the smoke pipeline is connected to the first fan 13 and the smoke component generator, and the outlet section is connected to the inlet of the chimney system 2, the first fan 13 is used to adjust the air volume entering the chimney system 2, and the smoke component generator is used to provide the gas composition in the coal-fired flue gas to be tested. It can be understood that the gas composition here is consistent with the gas composition in the actual coal-fired flue gas, and can be set according to actual test needs.

[0056] It can be understood that the air volume and the gas components generated by the flue gas component generator are mixed through the flue gas pipeline and then enter the chimney system 2.

[0057] The control system can control the smoke component generator to determine the type of gas components and the gas amount of different gas components, and control the frequency of the first fan 13 to determine the air volume provided. It can be understood that the control parameters of the smoke generation system include the type of gas components, the supply amount of each gas component, and the frequency of the first fan 13.

[0058] Figure 1In the scheme shown, the air volume supply and the gas components of the flue gas composition generation supply are connected to the inlet end of the chimney system through two pipelines respectively, which is convenient for control.

[0059] In this solution, a first collector 11 is provided upstream of the first fan 13 , and a first air filter 12 is provided between the first collector 11 and the first fan 13 .

[0060] Wherein, along the direction from the first collecting pipe 11 to the first fan 13, the diameter of the first collecting pipe 11 gradually decreases. Such an arrangement can reduce the gas flow rate at the inlet end of the pipeline where the air volume is located.

[0061] The first air filter 12 can filter dust and other influencing substances in the air to ensure that the air entering the generating system is clean air.

[0062] Figure 1 In the scheme shown, the smoke component generator specifically includes NH 3 Gas source 171, NO Gas source 172, SO 2 Gas source 173, HF gas source 174, HCI gas source 175 and SO 3 Gas source.

[0063] Specifically, NH 3 Gas source 171, NO Gas source 172, SO 2 The gas source 173, HF gas source 174, and HCI gas source 175 can all be directly supplied by corresponding standard gases. In order to enable the control system to control the supply amount of each gas, a second regulating valve 176 and a mass flow controller 177 are provided on the pipelines connecting these gas sources and the flue gas pipelines to control the connection and disconnection of these gas sources and the flue gas pipelines and the flow rate after connection.

[0064] In this embodiment, SO 3 Gas source is SO 3 Reactor 178, SO 3 Gases are generated by reactions, not supplied directly. Specifically, SO 3 Reactor 178 includes SO 2 Standard gas source, vacuum pump 1783, air source and reaction tank 1784. Vacuum pump 1783 is used to transfer air from the air source and SO 2 Standard gas source SO 2 The gas is pumped to the reaction tank 1784, which converts SO 2 Catalytic oxidation of gases to produce SO 3The gas outlet of the reaction tank 1784 is connected to the flue gas pipeline. In other words, the reaction tank 1784 can improve the temperature conditions and catalytic environment required for the catalytic oxidation reaction. It can be understood that after the reaction tank 1784, most of the SO 2 It is catalytically oxidized to produce SO 3 , forming SO 2 、SO 3 and air mixture.

[0065] In this embodiment, the smoke component generator is provided with SO 2 Based on the gas source 173, it can also be used as SO 3 SO in reactor 178 2 Standard gas source, that is, in SO 2 The outlet of the gas source 173 also has a pipeline connected to the SO 3 Reactor 178 is connected.

[0066] Thanks to SO 3 Gas is generated by the reaction and its supply amount can be determined according to SO 2 The gas volume is determined, so in this example, SO 2 Gas source 173 and SO 3 A second regulating valve 176 and a mass flow controller 177 are also provided on the pipeline between the reactor 178 to control whether to supply SO 3 Reactor 178 provides SO 2 gas, and the SO 2 The amount of gas.

[0067] That is, in the illustrated example, SO 2 The gas source 173 provides the flue gas with its gas component SO 2 , and at the same time for SO 3 Reactor 178 provides SO 2 Gas to generate SO 3 Gas, so, in the illustrated example, SO 2 A set of second regulating valve 176 and mass flow controller 177 are arranged on the pipeline connecting the gas source 173 and the flue gas pipeline, and the second regulating valve 176 and mass flow controller 177 are arranged on the pipeline connecting the gas source 173 and the flue gas pipeline. 3 A set of second regulating valves 176 and mass flow controllers 177 are also provided on the pipeline connected to the reaction furnace 178 .

[0068] SO 3 A branch is separated from the inlet pipe of the reaction tank 1784 of the reactor 178 to connect with SO 2 The branch line connected to the air source is connected to the air source 173, and another branch line is connected to the air source. A second air filter 1781 is specifically provided on the branch line connected to the air source to filter the air entering the reaction tank 1784 to ensure that the generated SO3 The quality of the gas.

[0069] It can be understood that, in the specific configuration, the air pump 1783 is specifically arranged on the main pipeline connected to the above two branches, so as to simultaneously pump air and SO 2 Gas, in addition, a flow meter 1782 can be set on the main pipeline connecting the two branches to obtain the flow of air and SO 2 Gas flow rate after gas mixing.

[0070] Among them, the aforementioned second regulating valves 176, mass flow controllers 177, vacuum pumps 1783 and flow meters 1782 are all communicatively connected to the control system. In actual applications, according to actual needs, the control system sends instructions to adjust the opening and closing or operation of related components according to actual needs.

[0071] It should be noted here that the above and the diagram only show the settings of several gas sources of the smoke component generator in an exemplary manner. It can be understood that in actual settings, the gas source of the smoke component generator can be any one or a combination of the above. Of course, other required gas sources can also be set according to experimental requirements. The relevant arrangements are similar to the above introduction and will not be explained one by one.

[0072] The above-mentioned flue gas composition generator can be used to study and analyze the influencing factors of the formation of condensable particles from fixed pollution sources, such as SO 2 Gas and SO 3 The influence of gases on the formation of condensable particulate matter provides theoretical and technical support for the treatment and control of condensable particulate matter; the flue gas composition generator can also simulate different flue gas environments generated by fixed pollution sources, and can systematically study and analyze the emission characteristics of different coal-fired flue gases. By accurately measuring and analyzing condensable particulate matter under different flue gas conditions, the composition of condensable particulate matter can be studied, including inorganic matter, organic matter, and the composition of water-soluble ions in inorganic matter, thereby providing a scientific basis for treatment and control or coordinated removal.

[0073] In this embodiment, the smoke generating system 1 further comprises an aerosol generator 15 connected to the smoke pipeline, and the aerosol generator 15 is used to allow dust to enter the smoke pipeline in the form of aerosol and enter the chimney system 2 after mixing with the smoke.

[0074] The dust feeding amount and the type of dust fed to the aerosol generator 15 can be selected according to actual measurement needs. After such setting, the influence of different dust components and different dust amounts on the formation of condensable particles can be studied and analyzed, so as to have a deeper understanding of the formation mechanism of condensable particles.

[0075] In actual settings, dust can also enter the flue gas duct in other ways and mix with the flue gas. Relatively speaking, mixing with the flue gas in the form of aerosol can make the mixing more uniform.

[0076] In this embodiment, the flue gas generating system 1 further includes a steam generator 16 connected to the flue gas pipeline, which is used to adjust the moisture content of the flue gas in the chimney system 2. The pipeline connecting the steam generator 16 and the flue gas pipeline is provided with a first regulating valve 161 and a wet flow meter 162, and the control system is in communication connection with the first regulating valve 161 and the wet flow meter 162. In actual application, the control system controls the gas output of the steam generator 16 by adjusting the first regulating valve 161 and the feedback of the wet flow meter 162, so that the moisture content of the flue gas entering the chimney system 2 reaches the humidity range required for the experiment.

[0077] In this embodiment, the flue gas generating system 1 further comprises an electric heater 14 connected to the flue gas pipeline, and the electric heater 14 is used to heat the flue gas in the flue gas pipeline to control the temperature of the flue gas entering the chimney system 2 so as to keep it within the temperature range required for the experiment.

[0078] The electric heater 14 is in communication connection with the control system so as to facilitate the control system to adjust the electric heater 14 .

[0079] It is also understandable that, when actually setting up the aerosol generator 15, electric heater 14 and steam generator 16, only one or two of them may be set. Of course, setting all three provides more choices of experimental conditions and allows for more thorough research on the formation of condensable particles.

[0080] As mentioned above, through the interaction of the various parts of the flue gas generating system 1, the flue gas generating system 1 can simulate a continuous and stable gas condition with certain humidity, acidity and temperature before the coal-fired flue gas enters the chimney after being treated by terminal environmental protection treatment equipment (such as wet desulfurization or wet electrostatic precipitator).

[0081] like Figure 1 As shown, in this embodiment, the chimney system 2 includes a chimney body 21 and a chimney inner tube 22 located at the bottom inlet end of the chimney body 21. Obviously, the chimney inner tube 22 is inserted into the chimney body 21, the top end of the chimney inner tube 22 is sealed, and the peripheral wall at its upper end is provided with a plurality of exhaust holes connected to the chimney body 21.

[0082] The smoke pipeline of the aforementioned smoke generating system 1 is specifically connected to the bottom inlet of the chimney inner tube 22, so that the smoke generated by the system passes through the chimney inner tube 22 and enters the chimney body 21 through the exhaust hole at the upper end thereof.

[0083] Specifically, the exhaust holes at the upper end of the chimney inner tube 22 are preferably evenly arranged so that the smoke can evenly enter the interior of the chimney body 21 .

[0084] In actual settings, the chimney inner tube 22 has a certain height, and this height can be set as needed, as long as the flue gas can fully enter the chimney body 21 and be discharged to the condensable particulate matter generator 3 through the chimney body 21, so as to simulate the actual process of flue gas being discharged into the atmosphere through the chimney as realistically as possible.

[0085] In this solution, a cap is also provided at the top of the chimney inner tube 22. The cap can be a structure for blocking the top of the chimney inner tube 22 or a separately arranged structure. The brim diameter of the cap is larger than the outer diameter of the chimney inner tube 22 to prevent condensed water droplets formed after the flue gas condenses in the chimney body 21 from directly dripping into the chimney inner tube 22.

[0086] In this scheme, a sampling port 211 is also opened on the chimney body 21, and the setting of the sampling port 211 relative to the chimney body 21 satisfies the following conditions: the distance between the sampling port 211 and the outlet end of the chimney inner tube 22 is greater than 6 times the equivalent diameter of the chimney body 21, and the distance between the sampling port 211 and the outlet end of the chimney body 21 is greater than 3 times the equivalent diameter of the chimney body 21.

[0087] The flue gas in the chimney system can be sampled through the sampling port 211 to obtain relevant data of the flue gas flowing in the chimney, such as the concentration of filterable particulate matter not discharged into the atmosphere and the concentration of condensable particulate matter not discharged into the atmosphere.

[0088] Obviously, during normal experiments, the sampling port 211 is sealed, and specifically can be sealed by a nut.

[0089] In actual configuration, the peripheral wall of the chimney body 21 may be provided with a heat-insulating layer 23 to effectively reduce the influence of the external environment on the temperature of the smoke inside the chimney body 21 .

[0090] In this embodiment, a spray device 28 is further provided in the chimney body 21. The spray device 28 is specifically provided below the sampling port 211. The distance between the sampling port 211 and the spray device 28 is greater than 6 times the equivalent diameter of the chimney body 21. The control system is also in communication connection with the spray device 28 to control the opening and closing of the spray device 28 and related parameters.

[0091] The setting of the spray device 28 can be used to simulate and analyze the effect of wet electrostatic precipitator spraying on the formation of condensable particulate matter.

[0092] In this embodiment, the chimney system 2 is further provided with a reheater 27, which is also provided below the sampling port 211, and the distance between the sampling port 211 and the reheater 27 is greater than 6 times the equivalent diameter of the chimney body 21. The control system is in communication connection with the reheater 27 to control the relevant parameters of the reheater 27, and the reheater 27 is used to increase the temperature of the flue gas flowing in the chimney system 2. By turning on the reheater 27, it can be used to simulate and analyze the effect of increasing the flue gas exhaust temperature on the formation of condensable particulate matter.

[0093] In specific configuration, the reheater 27 may be disposed inside the insulation layer 23 of the chimney body 21 .

[0094] It can be understood that, in actual setting, only one of the reheater 27 and the spray device 28 can be provided, or both can be provided. Relatively speaking, providing both can provide a wider range of testing.

[0095] In actual configuration, a drain port 29 is also provided at the bottom of the chimney body 21 to discharge condensed water droplets in the flue gas during the experiment, or on the basis of providing a spray device 28, spray water can also be discharged.

[0096] In this embodiment, the chimney system 2 is further provided with a first differential pressure flowmeter 24 , a first thermometer 25 and a first hygrometer 26 which are communicatively connected with the control system.

[0097] In specific applications, the control system can adjust the relevant control parameters in the aforementioned flue gas generating system 1 according to the feedback from the first differential pressure flowmeter 24, the first thermometer 25 and the first hygrometer 26 of the chimney system 2, so that the flow rate, temperature and humidity of the flue gas flowing in the chimney system 2 meet the experimental requirements.

[0098] The condensable particulate matter generator 3 simulates the state of smoke being discharged into the atmosphere. In this embodiment, an environmental gas generator 32 is arranged near the inlet end of the condensable particulate matter generator 3. The environmental gas generator 32 is used to generate gas components in the ambient air that contribute to the formation of condensable particulate matter. In this way, the influence of these contributing gas components on the formation of condensable particulate matter can be analyzed.

[0099] Specifically, the gas components that contribute include ozone or inorganic salt aerosols, and may also be other organic components.

[0100] The condensable particulate matter generator includes a mixing tank 33 and a sampling tube 39. The outlet end of the chimney system 2 is connected to the inlet end of the mixing tank 33, and the outlet end of the mixing tank 33 is connected to the inlet end of the sampling tube 39. The diameter of the sampling tube 39 is smaller than the diameter of the mixing tank 33. The outlet end of the sampling tube 39 is connected to a second fan 310 through a pipeline. The second fan 310 is communicatively connected to the control system. The second fan 310 is used to draw the outside air and the flue gas in the chimney system 2 into the mixing tank 33 to form condensable particulate matter in the mixing tank 33. A sampling hole 38 is provided on the sampling tube 39 to facilitate the collection of flue gas samples after passing through the mixing tank 33 for analysis.

[0101] It can be understood that outside air can also enter the mixing tank 33. A large amount of outside air enters the mixing tank 33 to mix with the flue gas, dilute the flue gas, and the flue gas cools down quickly, which simulates the state of being actually discharged into the atmosphere. It can also be understood that what is actually simulated in the mixing tank 33 is the state of the actual flue gas after being discharged into the atmosphere through the chimney. Therefore, in actual settings, the diameter of the mixing tank 33 is set relatively large. After the flue gas enters the mixing tank 33, the flow rate is reduced, which is conducive to the formation of condensable particulate matter.

[0102] In actual setting, the diameter of the mixing tank 33 can be set according to actual needs and is not limited here.

[0103] The second fan 310 is provided to conveniently draw external air into the mixing tank 33 through suction. Specifically, the power of the second fan 310 is controlled by a control system.

[0104] In this embodiment, the condensable particulate matter generator 3 also includes a second collector 31 arranged between the mixing tank 33 and the chimney system 2. Along the direction from the chimney system 2 to the mixing tank 33, the diameter of the second collector 31 gradually decreases, and the inlet end of the second collector 31 is connected to the outside world, that is, the outside air and the flue gas from the chimney system 2 both enter the mixing tank 33 through the second collector 31.

[0105] Obviously, the opening end of the second collector 31 is open, and the chimney body 21 of the chimney system 2 can extend into the opening end of the second collector 31. In this way, the area between the chimney system 2 and the opening end of the second collector 31 forms a channel connecting the second collector 31 with the outside world. The specific arrangement is that the outlet end of the chimney body 21 is located in the middle of the second collector 31, so that the air entering the second collector 31 from all sides can be mixed with the flue gas as quickly and evenly as possible.

[0106] In this embodiment, the condensable particulate matter generator 3 further includes a reducer 34, and the outlet end of the mixing tank 33 is specifically connected to the sampling tube 39 via the reducer 34. Along the direction from the mixing tank 33 to the sampling tube 39, the diameter of the reducer 34 gradually decreases.

[0107] The sampling tube 39 can be specifically configured as a tube of equal diameter to ensure the quality of the sample.

[0108] The small diameter of the sampling tube 39 is conducive to increasing the internal flue gas flow rate and preventing the condensed water droplets formed during the rising process of the flue gas from falling naturally and affecting the formation of condensable particles. It can be understood that, relatively speaking, the diameter of the sampling tube 39 is much smaller than the diameter of the mixing tank 33, and it is set according to needs during actual setting.

[0109] It should be pointed out that since the flue gas generated in the generating system simulates the actual coal-fired flue gas and its exhaust path also simulates the actual situation, the samples collected through the sampling hole 38 of the sampling tube 39 include both the condensable particulate matter formed in the mixing tank 33 and the existing filterable particulate matter. In other words, the concentration of filterable particulate matter and condensable particulate matter can be accurately tested through the samples collected in one experiment.

[0110] In this embodiment, a second differential pressure flowmeter 35 , a second thermometer 36 and a second hygrometer 37 which are communicatively connected to the control system are provided on the sampling tube 39 of the condensable particulate matter generator 3 to monitor the flue gas flow, temperature and humidity in the sampling tube 39 in real time.

[0111] It can be understood that the sampling hole 38 of the sampling tube 39 is also in a sealed state under normal conditions, and is opened when sampling is required, and can be sealed with a nut.

[0112] In the specific scheme, the sampling tube 39 is a straight tube structure, and its outlet end is connected to the second fan 310 through a bend pipe and other structures. To ensure the accuracy of measurement after sampling, the setting position of the sampling hole 38 should meet the following conditions: the distance between the sampling hole 38 and the outlet end of the reducer 34 is greater than 6 times the equivalent diameter of the sampling tube 39, and the distance between the sampling hole 38 and the outlet end of the sampling tube 39 is greater than 3 times the equivalent diameter of the sampling tube 39.

[0113] In actual settings, the control system can adjust the frequency of the second fan 310 according to the feedback of the second differential pressure flow meter 35, so as to control the air volume.

[0114] In this embodiment, the condensable particulate matter generator 3 further includes a recovery device 311 located downstream of the second fan 310, and the recovery device 311 is used to absorb dust and organic or inorganic components in the flue gas.

[0115] The first fan 13 and the second fan 310 may both be centrifugal fans having fan frequency conversion controllers that are communicatively connected to a control system.

[0116] As mentioned above, the generation system can simulate different coal-fired flue gas conditions and different environmental gas conditions. By testing the concentration of filterable particulate matter in the flue gas and the content of inorganic components and / or organic components in condensable particulate matter under different working conditions, the following experimental studies can be carried out: research on the testing technology of condensable particulate matter and establish a suitable testing method for condensable particulate matter; research and analyze the migration characteristics of flue gas after it is discharged into the atmosphere; research and analyze the effect of increasing the flue gas exhaust temperature on condensable particulate matter; research and analyze the effect of different dust components on the formation of condensable particulate matter; research and analyze the effect of different particulate matter concentrations on condensable particulate matter; research and analyze SO 2 and SO 3 The impact of gas concentration on condensable particles; study and analysis of the impact of spraying on condensable particles; study and analysis of the impact of gases in the environment on particles discharged into the atmosphere, etc.

[0117] In practical application, the corresponding calculation method of the generating system is as follows:

[0118] When the ambient gas generator 32 is not working, the calculation formula for the total particulate matter concentration is:

[0119] C t =C f,2 =C f,1 +C c,1 ;

[0120] Where: C t is the total particulate matter concentration, mg / m 3 ; C f,2 is the concentration of filterable particulate matter after being discharged into the atmosphere, mg / m 3 ; C f,1 is the concentration of filterable particulate matter not discharged into the atmosphere, mg / m 3 ; C c,1 is the concentration of condensable particulate matter not discharged into the atmosphere, mg / m 3 .

[0121] When the ambient gas generator 32 is working, the calculation formula for the total particulate matter concentration is:

[0122] C t =C f,2 =C f,1 +C c,1 +C f,0 ;

[0123] Where: C t is the total particulate matter concentration, mg / m 3 ; C f,2 is the concentration of filterable particulate matter after being discharged into the atmosphere, mg / m 3 ; C f,1is the concentration of filterable particulate matter not discharged into the atmosphere, mg / m 3 ; C c,1 is the concentration of condensable particulate matter not discharged into the atmosphere, mg / m 3 ; C f,0 The concentration of filterable particles generated by the reaction after being discharged into the atmosphere, mg / m 3 .

[0124] The calculation here is based on the assumption that the ambient air introduced by the second collector 31 is clean air, and the PM2.5 concentration in the ambient air is not considered.

[0125] The concentration of relevant particulate matter not discharged into the atmosphere can be determined by sampling at the sampling port 211 of the chimney body 21 , and the concentration of relevant particulate matter discharged into the atmosphere can be determined by sampling at the sampling hole 38 of the sampling tube 39 .

[0126] The above is a detailed introduction to the generation system for coal-fired flue gas particulate matter provided by the present invention. Specific examples are used in this article to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method of the present invention and its core idea. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, without departing from the principle of the present invention, several improvements and modifications can be made to the present invention, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. Applicable to the generation system of coal-fired flue gas particulate matter, characterized in that: include: Chimney system; A flue gas generation system, used to generate flue gas consistent with actual coal-burning flue gas; The smoke generating system is connected to the inlet of the chimney system to send the generated smoke into the chimney system; A condensable particle generator for forming condensable particles; the inlet of the condensable particle generator is connected to the outlet end of the chimney system and is also connected to the outside so that the outside air enters the condensable particle generator; A control system is communicatively connected with the smoke generating system and the condensable particulate matter generator, wherein the control system is used to adjust control parameters of the smoke generating system to generate different smoke, and is also used to adjust control parameters of the condensable particulate matter generator to simulate different environmental conditions.

2. The system for generating particulate matter from coal-fired flue gas according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flue gas generating system comprises a flue gas pipeline, a first fan and a flue gas component generator; the inlet end of the flue gas pipeline is connected to the first fan and the flue gas component generator, and the outlet end is connected to the inlet of the chimney system; the first fan is communicatively connected to the control system, and the first fan is used to adjust the air volume entering the chimney system; the flue gas component generator is used to provide gas components in the coal-fired flue gas to be tested.

3. The system for generating particulate matter from coal-fired flue gas according to claim 2, characterized in that: The smoke component generator includes an NH3 gas source connected to the smoke pipeline; and / or, the smoke component generator comprises a NO gas source connected to the smoke pipeline; and / or, the flue gas component generator comprises a SO2 gas source connected to the flue gas pipeline; and / or, the smoke component generator comprises an HF gas source connected to the smoke pipeline; and / or, the smoke component generator comprises an HCI gas source connected to the smoke pipeline; And / or, the flue gas component generator includes a SO3 gas source connected to the flue gas pipeline.

4. The system for generating particulate matter from coal-fired flue gas according to claim 3, characterized in that: The SO3 gas source is specifically a SO3 reactor, which is used to generate SO3 gas. The SO3 reactor includes a SO2 standard gas source, a vacuum pump, an air source and a reaction tank. The vacuum pump is used to pump air from the air source and SO2 gas from the SO2 standard gas source to the reaction tank. The reaction tank catalytically oxidizes the SO2 gas to generate SO3 gas. The gas outlet end of the reaction tank is connected to the flue gas pipeline.

5. The system for generating particulate matter from coal-fired flue gas according to claim 3, characterized in that: A regulating valve and a mass flow controller are provided on the pipeline connecting the gas source and the flue gas pipeline, and both the regulating valve and the mass flow controller are communicatively connected with the control system.

6. The system for generating particulate matter from coal-fired flue gas according to claim 2, characterized in that: The smoke generating system further comprises a first flow collector located upstream of the first fan, an air filter is arranged between the first flow collector and the first fan, and a diameter of the first flow collector gradually decreases along a direction from the first flow collector to the first fan.

7. The system for generating particulate matter from coal-fired flue gas according to claim 2, characterized in that: The smoke generating system further comprises an aerosol generator connected to the smoke pipeline, wherein the aerosol generator is used to allow dust to enter the smoke pipeline in the form of aerosol; And / or, the flue gas generating system further comprises a steam generator connected to the flue gas pipeline, for adjusting the moisture content of the flue gas in the chimney system; a regulating valve and a wet flow meter are arranged on the pipeline connecting the steam generator and the flue gas pipeline, and the regulating valve and the wet flow meter are both in communication connection with the control system; And / or, the smoke generating system further comprises an electric heater connected to the smoke pipeline, and the electric heater is communicatively connected to the control system.

8. The system for generating particulate matter from coal-fired flue gas according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The chimney system includes a chimney body and an inner chimney tube located at the bottom inlet end of the chimney body, the top of the inner chimney tube is sealed, and the peripheral wall of the upper end thereof is provided with a plurality of exhaust holes connected to the chimney body; the smoke pipeline of the smoke generating system is specifically connected to the bottom inlet of the inner chimney tube so that the smoke enters the chimney body through the exhaust holes of the inner chimney tube.

9. The system for generating particulate matter from coal-fired flue gas according to claim 8, characterized in that: A cap is also provided at the top of the chimney inner tube, and the diameter of the brim of the cap is larger than the outer diameter of the chimney inner tube.

10. The system for generating particulate matter from coal-fired flue gas according to claim 8, characterized in that: A sampling port is also provided on the chimney body, and the distance between the sampling port and the outlet end of the chimney inner tube is greater than 6 times the equivalent diameter of the chimney body, and the distance between the sampling port and the outlet end of the chimney body is greater than 3 times the equivalent diameter of the chimney body.

11. The system for generating particulate matter from coal-fired flue gas according to claim 10, characterized in that: It also includes a spray device disposed in the chimney body, the spray device is located below the sampling port, the distance between the sampling port and the spray device is greater than 6 times the equivalent diameter of the chimney body, and the control system is also in communication connection with the spray device; And / or, it also includes a reheater arranged in the chimney system, the reheater is used to increase the temperature of the flue gas flowing in the chimney system, the distance between the sampling port and the reheater is greater than 6 times the equivalent diameter of the chimney body, and the control system is also communicatively connected with the reheater.

12. The system for generating particulate matter from coal-fired flue gas according to claim 8, characterized in that: The bottom of the chimney body is also provided with a drain outlet.

13. The system for generating particulate matter from coal-fired flue gas according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The chimney system is provided with a differential pressure flow meter, a thermometer and a hygrometer which are in communication connection with the control system.

14. The system for generating particulate matter from coal-fired flue gas according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The invention also comprises an ambient gas generator which is arranged close to the inlet end of the condensable particle generator, and is used for generating gas components in ambient air which contribute to the formation of condensable particle.

15. The system for generating particulate matter from coal-fired flue gas according to claim 14, characterized in that: The gas components having a contributing effect include ozone or inorganic salt aerosol.

16. The system for generating particulate matter from coal-fired flue gas according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The condensable particulate matter generator includes a mixing tank and a sampling tube, the outlet end of the chimney system is connected to the inlet end of the mixing tank, the outlet end of the mixing tank is connected to the inlet end of the sampling tube, and the diameter of the sampling tube is smaller than the diameter of the mixing tank; the outlet end of the sampling tube is connected to a second fan through a pipeline, the second fan is communicatively connected to the control system, and the second fan is used to draw external air and flue gas in the chimney system into the mixing tank to form condensable particulate matter in the mixing tank; the sampling tube is provided with a sampling hole.

17. The system for generating particulate matter from coal-fired flue gas according to claim 16, characterized in that: The condensable particulate matter generator also includes a second collector arranged between the mixing tank and the chimney system. The diameter of the second collector gradually decreases from the chimney system to the mixing tank. The inlet end of the second collector is connected to the outside.

18. The system for generating particulate matter from coal-fired flue gas according to claim 17, characterized in that: The outlet end of the mixing tank is connected to the sampling tube via a reducing tube, and the diameter of the reducing tube gradually decreases along the direction from the mixing tank to the sampling tube.

19. The system for generating particulate matter from coal-fired flue gas according to claim 16, characterized in that: The sampling tube is provided with a differential pressure flowmeter, a thermometer and a hygrometer which are in communication connection with the control system.

20. The system for generating particulate matter from coal-fired flue gas according to claim 16, characterized in that: The condensable particulate matter generator further comprises a recovery device located downstream of the second fan, wherein the recovery device is used for absorbing dust and organic or inorganic components in the flue gas.

21. The system for generating particulate matter from coal-fired flue gas according to claim 18, characterized in that: The sampling tube is a straight tube structure, the distance between the sampling hole and the outlet end of the reducer is greater than 6 times the equivalent diameter of the sampling tube, and the distance between the sampling hole and the outlet end of the sampling tube is greater than 3 times the equivalent diameter of the sampling tube.

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