Automatic walnut shelling machine and shelling process

Abstract

The present invention discloses an automatic walnut shelling machine and shelling process, the shelling machine comprises a storage barrel, a walnut sorting mechanism, a walnut grinding mechanism, a conveying mechanism, and an extrusion shelling mechanism arranged in sequence according to the direction of walnut travel; the storage barrel is provided with a discharge pipe 1, the walnut sorting mechanism is provided with a sorting feed port and several discharge pipes 2, the walnut grinding mechanism is provided with several feeding areas and several grinding discharge ports, the conveying mechanism is provided with a conveying feed port and a conveying discharge port, the extrusion shelling mechanism is provided with a shelling feed port and a collection box; the discharge pipe 1 is connected to the sorting feed port of the walnut sorting mechanism, the discharge pipe 2 is arranged above the corresponding feed area, the grinding discharge port is arranged above the conveying feed port of the conveying mechanism, and the conveying discharge port of the conveying mechanism is arranged above the shelling feed port. After the walnuts of the present invention are shelled, the integrity of the walnut kernel is high.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of walnut shelling, and in particular to an automatic walnut shelling machine and a shelling process. Background Art

[0002] Before walnuts are processed into walnut slurry, they need to be shelled before processing. Walnuts with a shell thickness of less than 1.5 mm are thin-skinned walnuts, and walnuts with a shell thickness of more than 1.5 mm are thick-skinned walnuts. Currently, most walnut shelling machines on the market adopt extrusion type. For thin-skinned walnuts, traditional walnut shelling equipment can break the walnut shells with a smaller extrusion force without excessively damaging the walnut kernels. However, for thick-skinned walnuts, since the walnut shells are extremely hard, the extrusion force is difficult to control. When the extrusion force is too small, the walnut shelling rate is not high, and the unshelled walnuts need to be re-shelled. When the extrusion force is too large, the walnut kernels are easily crushed and the kernel integrity is not high. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a shelling device and shelling method mainly for thick-skinned walnuts to improve the shelling rate and kernel integrity of thick-skinned walnuts. Summary of the invention

[0003] The object of the present invention is to provide an automatic walnut shelling machine and a shelling process in view of the deficiencies of the above-mentioned prior art.

[0004] To solve the above problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0005] An automatic walnut shelling machine comprises a storage barrel, a walnut sorting mechanism, a peeling mechanism, a conveying mechanism, and an extrusion shelling mechanism which are sequentially arranged in the direction of walnut travel; the storage barrel is provided with a first discharge pipe, the walnut sorting mechanism is provided with a sorting feed port and a plurality of second discharge pipes, the peeling mechanism is provided with a plurality of feed areas and a plurality of peeling discharge ports, the conveying mechanism is provided with a conveying feed port and a conveying discharge port, and the extrusion shelling mechanism is provided with a shelling feed port and a collection box;

[0006] The discharge pipe 1 is connected to the sorting feed port of the walnut sorting mechanism, the discharge pipe 2 is arranged above the corresponding feed area, the skin grinding discharge port is arranged above the conveying feed port of the conveying mechanism, and the conveying discharge port of the conveying mechanism is arranged above the shell breaking feed port.

[0007] Furthermore, the discharge pipe 1 is arranged at the bottom of the storage barrel, and a control valve is arranged on the discharge pipe 1.

[0008] Furthermore, the sorting mechanism includes a sorting barrel, a sorting pushing mechanism rotatably arranged in the sorting barrel, a sieve plate arranged at the bottom of the sorting barrel, a plurality of sorting holes arranged on the sieve plate, a sorting feed port arranged on the side wall of the sorting barrel, and a plurality of discharge pipes 2 arranged below the sieve plate; the discharge pipe 1 is connected with the sorting feed port; the sieve plate is provided with a plurality of sector-shaped partitions along the circumferential direction, and the apertures of the sorting holes of the plurality of sector-shaped partitions increase successively according to the rotation direction of the sorting pushing mechanism, the sorting feed port corresponds to the position of the sector-shaped partition with the smallest aperture of the sorting hole, and the inlet end of the discharge pipe 2 corresponds to the position of the sector-shaped partition.

[0009] Furthermore, the sorting and pushing mechanism includes a pushing center shaft rotatably arranged on the screen plate, a plurality of pushing plates circumferentially arranged on the pushing center shaft, and a first motor driving the pushing center shaft to rotate, and the rotating output shaft of the first motor is fixedly connected to the pushing center shaft.

[0010] Further, the microdermabrasion mechanism includes a microdermabrasion machine box, a plurality of partitions arranged in the microdermabrasion machine box, the partitions divide the microdermabrasion machine box into a plurality of grinding areas, a grinding mechanism is arranged in the grinding area, the grinding mechanism divides the grinding area into the upper feeding area and the lower discharging area, a feeding guide plate is arranged on one side of the feeding area, the feeding guide plate is arranged below the corresponding discharging pipe 2, a discharging inclined plate is arranged in the discharging area, and the microdermabrasion discharge port is arranged at the lowest point of the discharging inclined plate;

[0011] The grinding mechanism includes an active grinding roller arranged on the right side and a driven grinding roller arranged on the left side, and a pressure plate slidably arranged above the active grinding roller and the driven grinding roller. The active grinding roller, the driven grinding roller and the pressure plate enclose a grinding material cavity, and a discharge gap connecting the grinding material cavity and the discharge area is arranged between the active grinding roller and the driven grinding roller.

[0012] Furthermore, feed baffles are provided on both sides of the feed guide plate;

[0013] A material blocking plate is respectively arranged above the active grinding roller and the driven grinding roller.

[0014] Furthermore, the extrusion shell breaking mechanism includes a shell breaking box, a storage box arranged above the shell breaking box, the storage box is connected to the shell breaking box through a feeding channel, the shell breaking box is relatively provided with two openings, the two openings are respectively provided with a support plate 1 and a support plate 2, the support plate 1, the support plate 2 and the side wall of the shell breaking box are surrounded to form a material dropping channel, the support plate 2 is sequentially provided with a plurality of strip bosses from top to bottom, the protrusion height of the strip bosses increases sequentially from top to bottom, the strip bosses are provided with a plurality of mounting holes, and an extrusion block is rotatably provided in the mounting hole;

[0015] The shell breaking feed port is arranged on the top of the storage box.

[0016] Furthermore, the support plate 1 includes a metal plate layer, a second rubber layer is provided on one side of the metal plate layer close to the blanking channel, and the thickness of the second rubber layer is 2-5 mm;

[0017] The extrusion block is provided with a support shaft, the support shaft is provided with a sprocket, the shell breaking machine box is fixedly provided with a fourth motor, and the rotation output shaft of the fourth motor is connected with the sprocket through a chain transmission.

[0018] Furthermore, the collecting box is arranged at the bottom of the shell breaking machine box, a drop port is arranged at the top of the collecting box, the drop port is arranged below the drop channel, a discharge port is arranged at the bottom of the collecting box, and a gate valve for opening or closing the discharge port is arranged at the discharge port.

[0019] A walnut automatic shelling process comprises the following steps:

[0020] Step 1: The walnuts in the storage barrel enter the sorting mechanism through the discharge pipe 1;

[0021] Step 2: As the sorting and pushing mechanism rotates, the walnuts are pushed through the sorting holes of different diameters in turn, and the walnuts are graded according to their sizes. When the outer diameter of the walnut is smaller than the diameter of the sorting hole, the walnut falls into the corresponding discharge pipe 2;

[0022] Step 3: The graded walnuts enter different grinding areas of the grinding mechanism along the corresponding discharge pipe 2, and after local thinning in the grinding area, they fall through the discharge gap between the active grinding roller and the driven grinding roller, and then fall onto the conveying mechanism through the discharge inclined plate;

[0023] Step 4: The conveying mechanism delivers the walnuts with thinned walnut shells to the storage box of the extrusion and shell breaking mechanism. The walnuts enter the dropping channel through the feeding channel. The walnuts move downward and roll under the rotation of the extrusion block. As the walnuts fall, the gap in the dropping channel becomes smaller, and the walnuts are squeezed to break the shells. Then the broken walnut shells and walnut kernels fall into the collection box together.

[0024] The beneficial effects of adopting the above technical solution are:

[0025] The present invention grinds the walnut shell by a grinding mechanism before the walnut is extruded and shelled, thereby thinning the walnut shell to facilitate the subsequent extrusion and shelling operation. The walnut shell can be cracked with only a small force, thereby improving the integrity of the walnut kernel after the shell is broken. In the grinding process of the walnut shell, the present invention sets a pressing plate to limit the walnut in the grinding material cavity, thereby realizing local grinding of the walnut, making the walnut shell locally thinner, thereby reducing the force required for extrusion and shelling. The present invention sets a sorting mechanism before the grinding process to screen walnuts with different outer diameters, thereby facilitating the grinding of the walnut shell and reducing the influence of the uneven size of the walnut on the grinding effect. The present invention rotatably sets an extrusion block on the extrusion and shelling mechanism, thereby enabling the walnut to roll under the friction of the extrusion block during the falling process, thereby enabling the extrusion force point to change continuously during the extrusion process, thereby realizing multi-point extrusion. Compared with the traditional two-point extrusion, it not only makes the crushing point of the walnut shell more uniform, but also reduces the extrusion force required for shelling, thereby improving the integrity rate of the walnut kernel. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A magnified image of point A;

[0028] Figure 3 It is a three-dimensional diagram of a walnut sorting mechanism in one embodiment of the present invention (the mounting plate is not shown);

[0029] Figure 4 1 is a top view of a walnut sorting mechanism in one embodiment of the present invention (the mounting plate is not shown);

[0030] Figure 5 is a three-dimensional diagram of a dermabrasion mechanism in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 6 is a three-dimensional diagram of a dermabrasion mechanism from another angle in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a dermabrasion mechanism in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 8 is a three-dimensional diagram of a pressing plate in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Fig. 9 is a three-dimensional diagram of an extrusion shell breaking mechanism in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Fig.10 It is a three-dimensional diagram of the shell-breaking mechanism from another angle in one embodiment of the present invention (without the support plate 1);

[0036] Fig.11 Schematic diagram of the structure of the extrusion shell breaking mechanism in one embodiment of the present invention

[0037] Fig.12 yes Fig.11 Cross-sectional view in the BB direction;

[0038] Fig.13 yes Fig.12 Cross-sectional view along CC direction.

[0039] In the figure: 1, storage barrel, 2, walnut sorting mechanism, 3, grinding mechanism, 4, conveying auger, 5, extrusion shelling mechanism, 6, discharge pipe 1, 7, sorting feed port, 8, discharge pipe 2, 9, grinding discharge port, 10, conveying feed port, 11, conveying discharge port, 12, shelling feed port, 13, collecting box; 14, control valve, 15, mounting seat, 16, sorting barrel, 17, sieve plate, 18, sorting hole, 19, sorting pushing mechanism, 20, pushing center axis, 21, pushing plate, 22, first motor, 23, grinding machine box, 24, partition, 25, feed guide plate, 26, discharge inclined plate, 27, active grinding roller, 28, driven grinding roller, 29, pressing plate, 30, grinding cavity, 31, discharge gap; 32, feed stop Plate; 33, baffle plate, 34, limit support plate, 35, threaded hole, 36, second motor, 37, screw rod, 38, groove, 39, inclined surface, 40, sanding layer, 42, first rubber layer; 43, transmission wheel one, 44, transmission wheel two, 45, third motor, 46, transmission wheel three, 47, transmission belt, 48, shell breaking machine box, 49, storage box, 50, feeding channel, 51, support plate one, 52, support plate two, 53, blanking channel, 54, strip boss, 55, extrusion block, 56, metal plate layer, 57, second rubber layer, 58, support shaft, 59, sprocket, 60, fourth motor, 61, dust suction port, 62, dust removal device, 63, dust suction pipe, 64, blanking port, 65, plug valve, 66, chain. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] The following embodiments of the present invention are described in further detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are used to illustrate the present invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0041] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship, are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0042] like Figure 1-13 An embodiment of an automatic walnut shelling machine shown in the figure comprises a storage barrel 1, a walnut sorting mechanism 2, a peeling mechanism 3, a conveying mechanism, and an extrusion shelling mechanism 5 which are sequentially arranged in the direction of walnut travel; the storage barrel 1 is provided with a discharge pipe 1 6, the walnut sorting mechanism 2 is provided with a sorting feed port 7 and a plurality of discharge pipes 2 8, the peeling mechanism 3 is provided with a plurality of feed areas and a plurality of peeling discharge ports 9, the conveying mechanism is provided with a conveying feed port 10 and a conveying discharge port 11, and the extrusion shelling mechanism 5 is provided with a shelling feed port 12 and a collection box 13;

[0043] The discharge pipe 1 6 is connected to the sorting feed port 7 of the walnut sorting mechanism 2, the discharge pipe 2 8 is arranged above the corresponding feed area, the grinding discharge port 9 is arranged above the conveying feed port 10 of the conveying mechanism, and the conveying discharge port 11 of the conveying mechanism is arranged above the shell breaking feed port 12. The present invention grinds the walnut shell by the grinding mechanism 3 before the walnut is extruded and shelled, so as to thin the walnut shell to facilitate the subsequent extrusion and shell breaking operation, and only a small force is needed to realize the shell breaking of the walnut, thereby improving the integrity of the walnut kernel after shell breaking.

[0044] As an embodiment of an automatic walnut shelling machine of the present invention, the discharge pipe 6 is arranged at the bottom of the storage barrel 1, and a control valve 14 is arranged on the discharge pipe 6.

[0045] Furthermore, a mounting seat 15 is provided on the discharge pipe 6, and the control valve 14 is fixedly provided on the mounting seat 15 by bolts. The control valve 14 is a butterfly valve, and the valve plate of the butterfly valve is rotatably provided in the discharge pipe 6. By providing the butterfly valve, the discontinuous switching of the discharge pipe 6 can be realized, so that the butterfly valve switch can be selected according to the working condition of the sorting mechanism.

[0046] As an embodiment of an automatic walnut shelling machine of the present invention, the sorting mechanism includes a sorting barrel 16, a sorting pushing mechanism 19 rotatably arranged in the sorting barrel 16, a sieve plate 17 arranged at the bottom of the sorting barrel 16, a plurality of sorting holes 18 arranged on the sieve plate 17, a sorting feed port 7 arranged on the side wall of the sorting barrel 16, and a plurality of discharge pipes 8 arranged below the sieve plate 17; the discharge pipe 16 is connected with the sorting feed port 7; the sieve plate 17 is provided with a plurality of sector-shaped partitions along the circumferential direction, and the apertures of the sorting holes 18 of the plurality of sector-shaped partitions increase successively according to the rotation direction of the sorting pushing mechanism 19, the sorting feed port 7 corresponds to the position of the sector-shaped partition with the smallest aperture of the sorting hole 18, and the inlet end of the discharge pipe 2 8 corresponds to the position of the sector-shaped partition. Since the grinding depth of the grinding mechanism is related to the diameter of the walnut and the gap between the two grinding rollers, the different sizes of walnuts seriously affect the grinding effect of the walnuts. The present invention sets a sorting mechanism before the grinding process to screen the walnuts with different outer diameters to facilitate the grinding of the walnut shells, thereby reducing the influence of the different sizes of walnuts on the grinding effect.

[0047] Furthermore, the sorting and pushing mechanism 19 includes a pushing center shaft 20 rotatably arranged on the screen plate 17, a plurality of pushing plates 21 circumferentially arranged on the pushing center shaft 20, and a first motor 22 for driving the pushing center shaft 20 to rotate, and the rotating output shaft of the first motor 22 is fixedly connected to the pushing center shaft 20.

[0048] Furthermore, the first motor 22 is fixedly disposed on the top of the sorting cylinder 16 via a mounting plate.

[0049] As an embodiment of an automatic walnut shelling machine of the present invention, the grinding mechanism 3 includes a grinding machine box 23, a plurality of partitions 24 arranged in the grinding machine box 23, the partitions 24 divide the grinding machine box 23 into a plurality of grinding areas, a grinding mechanism is arranged in the grinding area, the grinding mechanism divides the grinding area into the upper feeding area and the lower discharging area, a feeding guide plate 25 is arranged on one side of the feeding area, the feeding guide plate 25 is arranged below the corresponding discharging pipe 28, a discharging inclined plate 26 is arranged in the discharging area, and the grinding outlet 9 is arranged at the lowest point of the discharging inclined plate 26;

[0050] The grinding mechanism includes an active grinding roller 27 arranged on the right side and a driven grinding roller 28 arranged on the left side, and a pressure plate 29 slidably arranged above the active grinding roller 27 and the driven grinding roller 28. The active grinding roller 27, the driven grinding roller 28 and the pressure plate 29 enclose a grinding material cavity 30, and a discharge gap 31 connecting the grinding material cavity 30 and the discharge area is arranged between the active grinding roller 27 and the driven grinding roller 28. During the grinding process of the walnut shell of the present invention, the walnut is limited in the grinding material cavity 30 by arranging the pressure plate 29, so as to realize local grinding of the walnut, make the walnut shell locally thin, so as to reduce the force required for squeezing and breaking the shell, and improve the integrity of the walnut kernel.

[0051] Furthermore, further, the discharge inclined plate 26 is provided with a plurality of dust collection holes.

[0052] Furthermore, the active grinding roller 27 and the driven grinding roller 28 are meshed and transmitted.

[0053] Furthermore, feed baffles 32 are provided on both sides of the feed guide plate 25;

[0054] A material blocking plate 33 is disposed above the active grinding roller 27 and the driven grinding roller 28 , respectively.

[0055] Furthermore, the lower surface of the pressing plate 29 is provided with a first rubber layer 42 or a sanding layer 40, or a plurality of first rubber layers 42 and a plurality of sanding layers 40 are alternately provided. When the lower surface of the pressing plate 29 is alternately provided with a plurality of first rubber layers 42 and a plurality of sanding layers 40, the end close to the feed guide plate 25 is the first rubber layer 42. The setting of the first rubber layer 42 of the present invention can cause elastic deformation during the extrusion of the walnuts, thereby increasing the friction between the walnuts and the pressing plate 29 to ensure that during the reciprocating motion of the pressing plate 29, a tangential force can be applied to the walnuts on the upper surface, so that the walnuts can roll along the pressing plate 29 with the reciprocating motion of the pressing plate 29. When the sanding layer 40 contacts the walnuts, the setting of the sanding layer 40 can achieve grinding of the upper surface of the walnuts when the sanding layer 40 contacts the walnuts.

[0056] The active grinding roller 27 rotates clockwise, and the driven grinding roller 28 rotates counterclockwise. The rotation speed of the driven grinding roller 28 is greater than the rotation speed of the active grinding roller 27, so that the left side of the walnut can give the walnut a tangential force to ensure that the walnut can roll under the action of the grinding roller. The present invention realizes the rolling of the walnut in two axial directions through the first rubber layer 42 and the control of the grinding roller speed. Compared with the static grinding of the walnut or the grinding while sliding, the surface of the walnut is more evenly polished and the grinding area accounts for a higher proportion.

[0057] Furthermore, the grinding mechanism also includes a limiting support plate 34 arranged on both sides of the pressing plate 29, a threaded hole 35 arranged on the pressing plate 29, a second motor 36 arranged on the skin grinding machine case 23, and a screw rod 37 fixedly arranged on the rotating output shaft of the second motor 36, and the other end of the screw rod 37 is arranged in the threaded hole 35 and threadedly connected to the threaded hole 35.

[0058] Furthermore, an arc-shaped groove 38 is provided at the bottom of the pressing plate 29, and an upwardly inclined surface 39 is provided on one side of the lower part of the pressing plate 29 close to the feed guide plate 25. The second motor 36 of the present invention enables the sliding of the pressing plate 29 to be automated. When the pressing plate 29 slides toward the feed guide plate 25, the pressing plate 29, under the action of the upwardly inclined surface 39, allows the walnut to enter under the pressing plate 29 and place the walnut in the grinding material chamber 30.

[0059] Furthermore, a transmission wheel 1 43 is coaxially arranged on the outer side of the active grinding roller 27, and a transmission wheel 2 44 is coaxially arranged on the outer side of the driven grinding roller 28. The transmission wheel 1 43 is meshed with the transmission wheel 2 44 for transmission. A third motor 45 is fixedly arranged on the microdermabrasion chassis 23, and a transmission wheel 3 46 is fixedly connected to the motor shaft of the third motor 45. The transmission is transmitted between the transmission wheel 3 46 and the transmission wheel 1 43 via a transmission belt 47.

[0060] Furthermore, the conveying mechanism adopts any one of a conveying auger 4, a belt conveyor, and a scraper conveyor.

[0061] As an embodiment of an automatic walnut shelling machine of the present invention, the extrusion shelling mechanism 5 includes a shelling box 48, a storage box 49 arranged above the shelling box 48, the storage box 49 is connected to the shelling box 48 through a feeding channel 50, the shelling box 48 is relatively provided with two openings, the two openings are respectively provided with a support plate 1 51 and a support plate 2 52, the support plate 1 51, the support plate 2 52 and the side wall of the shelling box 48 are surrounded to form a drop channel 53, the support plate 2 52 is sequentially provided with a plurality of strip bosses 54 from top to bottom, the protrusion height of the strip bosses 54 increases sequentially from top to bottom, the strip bosses 54 are provided with a plurality of mounting holes, and an extrusion block 55 is rotatably provided in the mounting hole;

[0062] The shell breaking feed port 12 is arranged at the top of the storage box 49 .

[0063] Furthermore, the vertical distance between the extrusion block 55 and the support plate decreases from top to bottom. The present invention rotatably sets the extrusion block 55 on the extrusion shell breaking mechanism 5, so that the walnut can roll under the friction of the extrusion block 55 during the falling process, so that the extrusion force point can be continuously changed during the extrusion process, thereby realizing multi-point extrusion. Compared with the traditional two-point extrusion, it not only makes the crushing points of the walnut shell more uniform, but also reduces the extrusion force required for shell breaking, thereby improving the integrity rate of the walnut kernel.

[0064] Furthermore, the support plate 1 51 includes a metal plate layer 56, and a second rubber layer 57 is provided on one side of the metal plate layer 56 close to the blanking channel 53, and the thickness of the second rubber layer 57 is 2-5 mm;

[0065] The extrusion end surface of the extrusion block 55 is provided with a hemispherical protrusion;

[0066] The outer edge of the extrusion end surface of the extrusion block 55 is provided with a chamfer;

[0067] The extrusion block 55 is provided with a support shaft 58 , and a sprocket 59 is provided on the support shaft 58 . A fourth motor 60 is fixedly provided on the shell breaking machine box 48 , and a rotation output shaft of the fourth motor 60 is transmission-connected with the sprocket 59 via a chain 66 .

[0068] Furthermore, a dust suction port 61 connected to the material dropping channel 53 is provided at the lower part of the support plate 2, a filter is provided at the dust suction port 61, and a dust removal device 62 is provided outside the dust suction port 61 through a dust suction pipe 63, and the dust removal device 62 adopts a bag dust collector.

[0069] Furthermore, the collecting box 13 is arranged at the bottom of the shell breaking machine box 48, and a drop port 64 is arranged at the top of the collecting box 13, and the drop port 64 is arranged below the drop channel 53. A discharge port is arranged at the bottom of the collecting box 13, and a gate valve 65 for opening or closing the discharge port is arranged at the discharge port.

[0070] Furthermore, in the horizontal direction, the gap between two adjacent extrusion blocks 55 is smaller than the outer diameter of the walnut, so as to prevent the walnut from moving downward from the gap between the two extrusion blocks 55.

[0071] In order to better realize walnut shelling, the present invention also provides a walnut automatic shelling process, comprising the following steps:

[0072] Step 1: The walnuts in the storage barrel 1 enter the sorting mechanism through the discharge pipe 6;

[0073] Step 2: As the sorting and pushing mechanism 19 rotates, the walnuts are pushed through the sorting holes 18 of different apertures in sequence, and the walnuts are graded according to their sizes. When the outer diameter of the walnut is smaller than the aperture of the sorting hole 18, the walnut falls to the corresponding discharge pipe 2 8;

[0074] Step 3: The graded walnuts enter different grinding areas of the grinding mechanism 3 along the corresponding discharge pipe 2 8, and after local thinning in the grinding area, they fall through the discharge gap 31 between the active grinding roller 27 and the driven grinding roller 28, and then fall onto the conveying mechanism through the discharge inclined plate 26;

[0075] Step 4: The conveying mechanism delivers the walnuts with thinned walnut shells to the storage box 49 of the extrusion shell breaking mechanism 5. The walnuts enter the drop channel 53 through the feed channel 50. The walnuts move downward and roll under the rotation of the extrusion block 55. As the walnuts fall, the gap in the drop channel 53 becomes smaller, the walnuts are squeezed to break the shells, and then the broken walnut shells and walnut kernels fall into the collection box 13 together.

[0076] Furthermore, in step three, in the grinding area, the walnuts roll in two axial directions and are ground while rolling under the action of the tangential force generated by the reciprocating motion of the pressure plate 29 and the tangential force generated by the rotation speed of the driven grinding roller 28 being greater than that of the active grinding roller 27 .

[0077] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. An automatic walnut shelling machine, characterized in that: It includes a storage barrel, a walnut sorting mechanism, a peeling mechanism, a conveying mechanism, and an extrusion shelling mechanism which are arranged in sequence according to the direction of walnut travel; the storage barrel is provided with a discharge pipe 1, the walnut sorting mechanism is provided with a sorting feed port and a plurality of discharge pipes 2, the peeling mechanism is provided with a plurality of feed areas and a plurality of peeling discharge ports, the conveying mechanism is provided with a conveying feed port and a conveying discharge port, and the extrusion shelling mechanism is provided with a shelling feed port and a collection box; The discharge pipe 1 is connected to the sorting feed port of the walnut sorting mechanism, the discharge pipe 2 is arranged above the corresponding feed area, the grinding discharge port is arranged above the conveying feed port of the conveying mechanism, and the conveying discharge port of the conveying mechanism is arranged above the shell breaking feed port; The skin grinding mechanism includes a skin grinding machine box, a plurality of partitions arranged in the skin grinding machine box, the partitions divide the skin grinding machine box into a plurality of grinding areas, and the grinding mechanism is arranged in the grinding area; the grinding mechanism is used for local thinning of walnut shells, and the grinding mechanism divides the grinding area into an upper feeding area and a lower discharging area, a feeding guide plate is arranged on one side of the feeding area, the feeding guide plate is arranged below the corresponding discharging pipe 2, a discharging inclined plate is arranged in the discharging area, and the skin grinding discharge port is arranged at the lowest point of the discharging inclined plate; The grinding mechanism includes an active grinding roller arranged on the right side and a driven grinding roller arranged on the left side, a pressure plate slidably arranged above the active grinding roller and the driven grinding roller, the active grinding roller, the driven grinding roller and the pressure plate enclose a grinding material cavity, and a discharge gap connecting the grinding material cavity and the discharge area is arranged between the active grinding roller and the driven grinding roller; Feed baffles are arranged on both sides of the feed guide plate; A material blocking plate is respectively arranged above the active grinding roller and the driven grinding roller; A number of dust removal holes are provided on the discharge inclined plate; The active grinding roller and the driven grinding roller are meshed and driven; The lower surface of the pressing plate is alternately provided with a plurality of first rubber layers and a plurality of sanding layers. When the lower surface of the pressing plate is alternately provided with a plurality of first rubber layers and a plurality of sanding layers, the end close to the feed guide plate is the first rubber layer; The active grinding roller rotates clockwise, and the driven grinding roller rotates counterclockwise, and the rotation speed of the driven grinding roller is greater than the rotation speed of the active grinding roller; The grinding mechanism also includes limit support plates arranged on both sides of the pressing plate, threaded holes arranged on the pressing plate, a second motor arranged on the skin grinding machine box, a screw rod fixedly arranged on the rotation output shaft of the second motor, and the other end of the screw rod is arranged in the threaded hole and threadedly connected with the threaded hole; An arc-shaped groove is arranged at the bottom of the pressing plate, and an upwardly inclined slope is arranged on one side of the lower part of the pressing plate close to the feed guide plate; A transmission wheel 1 is coaxially arranged on the outer side of the active grinding roller, and a transmission wheel 2 is coaxially arranged on the outer side of the driven grinding roller. The transmission wheel 1 is meshed with the transmission wheel 2 for transmission. A third motor is fixedly arranged on the skin grinding machine case, and a transmission wheel 3 is fixedly connected to the motor shaft of the third motor. The transmission wheel 3 and the transmission wheel 1 are driven by a transmission belt.

2. The automatic walnut shelling machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The discharge pipe 1 is arranged at the bottom of the storage barrel, and a control valve is arranged on the discharge pipe 1.

3. The automatic walnut shelling machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sorting mechanism includes a sorting barrel, a sorting pushing mechanism rotatably arranged in the sorting barrel, a sieve plate arranged at the bottom of the sorting barrel, a plurality of sorting holes arranged on the sieve plate, a sorting feed port arranged on the side wall of the sorting barrel, and a plurality of discharge pipes arranged below the sieve plate; the discharge pipe is connected with the sorting feed port; the sieve plate is provided with a plurality of sector-shaped partitions along the circumferential direction, and the apertures of the sorting holes of the plurality of sector-shaped partitions increase in sequence according to the rotation direction of the sorting pushing mechanism, the sorting feed port corresponds to the position of the sector-shaped partition with the smallest aperture of the sorting holes, and the inlet end of the discharge pipe corresponds to the position of the sector-shaped partition.

4. The automatic walnut shelling machine according to claim 3, characterized in that: The sorting and pushing mechanism includes a pushing center shaft rotatably arranged on the screen plate, a plurality of pushing plates circumferentially arranged on the pushing center shaft, and a first motor driving the pushing center shaft to rotate, wherein the rotating output shaft of the first motor is fixedly connected to the pushing center shaft.

5. The automatic walnut shelling machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The extrusion shell breaking mechanism includes a shell breaking chassis, a material storage box arranged above the shell breaking chassis, the material storage box is connected with the shell breaking chassis through a feeding channel, two openings are arranged on the shell breaking chassis, and a support plate 1 and a support plate 2 are arranged at the two openings respectively. The support plate 1, the support plate 2 and the side wall of the shell breaking chassis enclose a material drop channel, and a plurality of strip bosses are arranged on the support plate 2 from top to bottom in sequence, and the protrusion height of the strip boss increases in sequence from top to bottom, and a plurality of mounting holes are arranged on the strip bosses, and an extrusion block is rotatably arranged in the mounting hole; The shell breaking feed port is arranged on the top of the storage box.

6. The automatic walnut shelling machine according to claim 5, characterized in that: The first support plate includes a metal plate layer, and a second rubber layer is provided on one side of the metal plate layer close to the blanking channel, and the thickness of the second rubber layer is 2-5 mm; A support shaft is arranged on the extrusion block, a sprocket is arranged on the support shaft, a fourth motor is fixedly arranged on the shell breaking machine box, and a rotation output shaft of the fourth motor is connected with the sprocket through a chain transmission.

7. The automatic walnut shelling machine according to claim 5, characterized in that: The collecting box is arranged at the bottom of the shell breaking machine box, a material dropping port is arranged at the top of the collecting box, the material dropping port is arranged below the material dropping channel, a material discharge port is arranged at the bottom of the collecting box, and a plug valve for opening or closing the material discharge port is arranged at the material discharge port.

8. A process for automatically shelling walnuts using the automatic walnut shelling machine as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: The walnuts in the storage barrel enter the walnut sorting mechanism through the discharge pipe 1; Step 2: As the sorting and pushing mechanism rotates, the walnuts are pushed through the sorting holes of different diameters in turn, and the walnuts are graded according to their sizes. When the outer diameter of the walnut is smaller than the diameter of the sorting hole, the walnut falls into the corresponding discharge pipe 2; Step 3: The graded walnuts enter different grinding areas of the grinding mechanism along the corresponding discharge pipe 2, and after local thinning in the grinding area, they fall through the discharge gap between the active grinding roller and the driven grinding roller, and then fall onto the conveying mechanism through the discharge inclined plate; Step 4: The conveying mechanism delivers the walnuts with thinned walnut shells to the storage box of the extrusion shell breaking mechanism. The walnuts enter the drop channel through the feed channel. The walnuts move downward and roll under the rotation of the extrusion block. As the walnuts fall, the gap in the drop channel becomes smaller, and the walnuts are squeezed to break the shells. Then the broken walnut shells and walnut kernels fall into the collection box together.

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