An intelligent traditional Chinese medicinal material harvesting machine performance test test bed and test method

Abstract

The application relates to an intelligent traditional Chinese medicinal material harvester performance test test bed and a test method suitable for the test bed, and belongs to the technical field of agricultural machine equipment performance test. The intelligent traditional Chinese medicinal material harvester performance test test bed comprises a walking device and a harvester body; the harvester body comprises two side plates and a vertical transverse baffle plate, the two side plates are hinged to supports on a tractor through side hydraulic push rods, and the vertical transverse baffle plate is hinged to the supports through a hydraulic middle push rod; the vertical transverse baffle plate is fixedly connected with a transmission; the transmission is connected with a front output shaft of the tractor, and a transmission output shaft is connected with a chain wheel set; a driven chain wheel of the chain wheel set is arranged on a strip-shaped hole of the side plate; a digging shovel is fixedly connected with a continuous cutter holder of the side plate; the application can autonomously adjust the shape and gap size of a chain screen, replace different types of digging shovels, and automatically and continuously collect soil resistance data according to needs; the application can meet test conditions of different needs, an optimal scheme is finally obtained through a conventional orthogonal test scheme and multiple tests, and the application has the advantages of short test period, simple operation and low cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention discloses a test bench and a testing method, particularly relating to a performance testing test bench and testing method for an intelligent Chinese medicinal herb harvester, belonging to the field of agricultural machinery equipment performance testing technology. Background Technology

[0002] my country has a vast territory, and the varieties of medicinal herbs cultivated and their harvesting characteristics vary greatly. Currently, manufacturers or researchers conducting performance tests on applicable technical solutions need to create prototypes for specific plots and machine structures, and then conduct field trials. This process is time-consuming and costly, and no corresponding experimental platform products or technologies have been reported. To facilitate the determination of optimization schemes and performance testing for different shovel-type and sieve-type medicinal herb harvesters, there is an urgent need in this field for a testing and experimental device that can meet the needs of formulating optimization schemes for harvesting shallow-rooted medicinal herbs. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to solve the problems existing in the prior art and to provide an intelligent performance testing platform for Chinese medicinal herb harvesters and a testing method applicable to the platform. This testing platform can automatically adjust the shape and gap size of the chain screen, change different types of digging shovels, and automatically and continuously collect soil entry resistance data as needed, thus meeting the needs of optimization scheme formulation in the harvesting of shallow-rooted Chinese medicinal herbs.

[0004] To achieve the above technical objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0005] A performance testing platform for an intelligent Chinese medicinal herb harvester includes a walking device and a harvester body connected to the walking device via a front suspension.

[0006] The walking mechanism is a tracked tractor;

[0007] The harvester body includes two opposing side plates and a vertical horizontal baffle connecting the side plates. Both side plates are hinged to a bracket mounted on a tractor via side hydraulic push rods. The vertical horizontal baffle is hinged to the bracket via a hydraulic central push rod. Each side plate has a discharge port, several slotted holes, and a connecting blade holder. A gearbox is bolted to the vertical horizontal baffle. The gearbox input shaft is connected to the tractor's front output shaft via a universal joint, and the gearbox output shaft is connected to the drive sprocket of a sprocket assembly. The driven sprocket of the sprocket assembly is located in the slotted holes of the side plates. A digging shovel is bolted to the connecting blade holder.

[0008] A chain screen is provided between the two side plates; the chain screen is driven by a sprocket assembly.

[0009] Tension sensors are provided at the hinge joints between the side hydraulic push rod and the hydraulic push rod and the bracket.

[0010] A torque sensor is provided at the connection between the transmission input shaft and the tractor front output shaft;

[0011] The bracket is equipped with a data analyzer, which includes a tensile analyzer and a torque analyzer; the tensile analyzer is connected to the digital signal of the tensile sensor; the torque analyzer is connected to the digital signal of the torque sensor.

[0012] Preferably, the side plate is provided with an adjusting rocker arm that can adjust the distance between the two side plates; the adjusting rocker arm is a lead screw structure;

[0013] Preferably, the chain screen includes a rotating pulley, a transmission belt, blades, and a screen; wherein the rotating pulley is linked to the sprocket assembly; and the transmission belt and screen are driven by the rotating pulley.

[0014] Preferably, the blade unit is further composed of a connecting column and a rotating pulley;

[0015] A test method for the performance testing of a Chinese medicinal herb harvester includes the following steps, which are performed sequentially:

[0016] S1: Preparation Phase

[0017] ① Determine the target species for harvesting Chinese medicinal materials, experimental conditions, and experimental items, and formulate an orthogonal experimental design;

[0018] in:

[0019] The medicinal herbs harvested include: Bupleurum chinense and Astragalus membranaceus;

[0020] The experimental conditions included: soil and agronomy;

[0021] The test items include: the angle of the digging shovel into the soil, the type of the digging shovel, the type of the chain screen, the tractor's power output torque and speed, the unit's travel speed, and the resistance to tillage into the soil;

[0022] ② Install the test excavator shovel;

[0023] ③ Debug the data analyzer;

[0024] ⑤ Adjust the spacing of the chain screen support plates;

[0025] ⑥ Install the screen blades and adjust the spacing;

[0026] S2: Experimental Phase

[0027] ① Starting resistance tester and torque tester;

[0028] ② Start the tractor;

[0029] ③ Determine the unit's travel speed;

[0030] ④ Determine the chain screen rotation speed;

[0031] ⑤ Adjust the angle at which the excavator shovel enters the soil;

[0032] ⑥ Begin the burial process;

[0033] ⑦ The assignment is complete;

[0034] S3: Data Analysis and Organization

[0035] ① Calculate the harvesting rate, breakage rate, and yield;

[0036] ② Organize and analyze the data on resistance to soil penetration;

[0037] S4: Determine the optimization plan

[0038] ① Adjust the parameters and repeat the above experiment;

[0039] ② Determine the optimal structural parameters.

[0040] The harvester body and digging shovel are pushed by the side hydraulic push rod and the hydraulic center push rod to achieve soil entry operation, and the working angle of the digging shovel can be adjusted underground;

[0041] The sprocket assembly drives the rotating pulley to rotate, and the transmission belt drives the screen to rotate, so that the excavated soil and medicine are transported backward and separated, and then moved out from both sides of the discharge port.

[0042] By setting the driven sprocket of the sprocket assembly on the strip hole of the side plate, the sprockets can adjust their spacing to achieve the adjustment of the screen main shaft spacing;

[0043] The distance between the two side plates can be controlled by adjusting the rocker arm, thereby adjusting the excavation width;

[0044] Each blade unit is composed of a connecting column and a rotating pulley, and the screen hole spacing can be adjusted by selecting different connecting columns.

[0045] The side plate and the digging shovel are connected by a connecting blade holder, which facilitates the replacement of different models of digging shovels;

[0046] Torque and tension data are transmitted to the data analyzer in real time via torque and tension sensors to achieve real-time data acquisition.

[0047] This invention allows for independent adjustment of the chain screen shape and gap size, replacement of different types of digging shovels, and automatic continuous collection of soil penetration resistance data as needed. It can meet different test conditions and, through conventional orthogonal test schemes, obtains the optimal solution after multiple tests. It features a short test cycle, simple operation, and low cost. Attached Figure Description

[0048] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the performance test bench for the intelligent Chinese medicinal herb harvester.

[0049] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the harvester's body structure.

[0050] Among them, 1-side plate, 2-vertical and horizontal baffle, 3-side hydraulic push rod, 4-bracket, 5-hydraulic center push rod, 6-discharge port, 7-strip hole, 8-connecting knife holder, 9-gearbox, 10-tractor front output shaft, 11-sprocket assembly, 12-drive sprocket, 13-digging shovel, 14-chain screen, 141-rotating pulley, 142-drive belt, 143-blade, 1431-connecting column, 144-screen, 15-tension sensor, 16-torque sensor, 17-data analyzer.

[0051] 18- Adjust the rocker arm. Detailed Implementation

[0052] The following describes preferred embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. These are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. Therefore, equivalent variations made in accordance with the claims of the present invention are still within the scope of the present invention.

[0053] Referring to Figures 1-2, a performance testing platform for an intelligent Chinese medicinal herb harvester includes a walking device and a harvester body connected to the walking device via a front suspension.

[0054] The walking device is a tracked tractor; the harvester body includes two opposing side plates 1 and a vertical horizontal baffle 2 for connecting the two side plates 1. Both side plates 1 are hinged to a bracket 4 mounted on the tractor via side hydraulic push rods 3. The vertical horizontal baffle 2 is hinged to the bracket 4 via a hydraulic central push rod 5. Each side plate 1 is provided with a square discharge port 6, four strip holes 7, and a connecting blade holder 8. A gearbox 9 is bolted to the vertical horizontal baffle 2. The input shaft of the gearbox 9 is connected to the front output shaft 10 of the tractor via a universal joint, and the output shaft of the gearbox 9 is connected to the drive sprocket 12 of the sprocket assembly 11. The driven sprocket of the sprocket assembly 11 is located on the strip holes 7 of the side plate 1. A digging shovel 13 is bolted to the connecting blade holder 8.

[0055] The side plate 1 is provided with an adjusting rocker arm 18 that can adjust the distance between the two side plates 1. The adjusting rocker arm 18 is a lead screw structure.

[0056] A chain screen 14 is provided between the two side plates 1; the chain screen 14 is driven by a sprocket assembly 11; the chain screen 14 includes a rotating pulley 141, a transmission belt 142, blades 143, and a screen 144; wherein, the rotating pulley 141 is linked with the sprocket assembly 11; the transmission belt 142 and the screen 144 are driven by the rotating pulley 141; the blades 143 are individually formed by connecting the connecting column 1431 to the rotating pulley 141;

[0057] A tension sensor 15 is provided at the hinge joint between the side hydraulic push rod 3 and the hydraulic middle push rod 5 and the bracket 4. The tension sensor 15 is a Nanjing Tianguang NTJH-9B shaft pin sensor.

[0058] A torque sensor 16 is installed at the connection between the input shaft of the transmission 9 and the front output shaft 10 of the tractor. The torque sensor 16 is a Lanco LKN-205 torque sensor.

[0059] A data analyzer 17 is mounted on bracket 4. The data analyzer 17 includes a tensile analyzer and a torque analyzer. The tensile analyzer is connected to the tensile sensor 15 via digital signal. The torque analyzer is connected to the torque sensor 16 via digital signal.

[0060] Example 1

[0061] A test method for the performance testing of a Bupleurum harvester includes the following steps, which are performed sequentially.

[0062] conduct:

[0063] S1: Preparation Phase

[0064] ① Determine the target species for harvesting Chinese medicinal materials, experimental conditions, and experimental items, and formulate an orthogonal experimental design;

[0065] in:

[0066] Harvested medicinal herbs: Bupleurum chinense;

[0067] Test conditions: Soil;

[0068] Test item: Angle of the excavator entering the soil;

[0069] ② Install and test excavator shovel 13;

[0070] ③ Debug the data analyzer 17;

[0071] ⑤ Adjust the spacing of the chain screen support plates;

[0072] ⑥ Install the screen blades and adjust the spacing;

[0073] S2: Experimental Phase

[0074] ① Starting resistance tester and torque tester;

[0075] ② Start the tractor;

[0076] ③ Determine the unit's travel speed;

[0077] ④ Determine the chain screen rotation speed;

[0078] ⑤ Adjust the angle at which the excavator shovel enters the soil.

[0079] ⑥ Begin the burial process;

[0080] ⑦ The assignment is complete;

[0081] S3: Data Analysis and Organization

[0082] ① Calculate the indicators of harvesting efficiency (x), damage rate (y), and harvest rate (z);

[0083] ② Organize and analyze the soil penetration resistance data N;

[0084] S4: Determine the optimization plan

[0085] ① Adjust the insertion angle. Repeat the above experiment.

[0086] ② Determine the optimal structural parameters.

[0087]

[0088] In this embodiment, when the angle α of the digging shovel into the soil is 21°~23°, the recovery rate x is the highest, the damage rate y is the lowest, and the harvest rate z is the highest. Therefore, the optimal parameter for the angle α of the digging shovel into the soil is determined to be 21°~23°.

[0089] It should be noted that orthogonal experimental design is a standard practice in the experimental field.

[0090] This invention solves the problem of optimizing the main structural parameters of Chinese medicinal herb harvesters, avoiding the difficulties of complex soil mechanics and large errors due to relying solely on theoretical calculations. Using this experimental platform, the shape and gap size of the chain screen can be adjusted as needed, different types of digging shovels can be replaced, and data on soil entry resistance can be collected automatically and continuously, basically meeting the needs of optimizing the harvesting of shallow-rooted Chinese medicinal herbs.

[0091] Although specific embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention.

Claims

1. A performance testing platform for an intelligent Chinese medicinal herb harvester, comprising a walking device and a harvester body connected to the walking device via a front suspension, characterized in that: The walking mechanism is a tracked tractor; The harvester body includes two opposing side plates (1) and a vertical horizontal baffle (2) for connecting the two side plates (1). The two side plates (1) are hinged to a bracket (4) mounted on a tractor via a side hydraulic push rod (3). The vertical horizontal baffle (2) is hinged to the bracket (4) via a hydraulic push rod (5). Each side plate (1) is provided with a discharge port (6), several slotted holes (7), and a connecting blade holder (8). A gearbox (9) is bolted to the vertical horizontal baffle (2). The input shaft of the gearbox (9) is connected to the front output shaft (10) of the tractor via a universal joint. The output shaft of the gearbox (9) is connected to the drive sprocket (12) of the sprocket assembly (11). The driven sprocket of the sprocket assembly (11) is located on the slotted holes (7) of the side plate (1). A digging shovel (13) is bolted to the connecting blade holder (8). A chain screen (14) is provided between the two side plates (1); the chain screen (14) is driven by a sprocket assembly (11); Tension sensors (15) are provided at the hinge joints between the side hydraulic push rod (3) and the hydraulic push rod (5) and the bracket (4); A torque sensor (16) is provided at the connection between the input shaft of the transmission (9) and the front output shaft (10) of the tractor; A data analyzer (17) is installed on the bracket (4). The data analyzer (17) includes a tensile analyzer and a torque analyzer. The tensile analyzer is connected to the digital signal of the tensile sensor (15). The torque analyzer is connected to the digital signal of the torque sensor (16). The side plate (1) is provided with an adjusting rocker arm (18) that can adjust the distance between the two side plates (1); The adjusting rocker arm (18) is a lead screw structure; The chain screen (14) includes a rotating pulley (141), a transmission belt (142), blades (143) and a screen (144); wherein the rotating pulley (141) is linked with the sprocket assembly (11); the transmission belt (142) and the screen (144) are driven by the rotating pulley (141).

2. The intelligent Chinese medicinal herb harvester performance testing platform according to claim 1, characterized in that: The blade (143) unit is composed of a connecting column (1431) and a rotating pulley (141).

3. A test method for the performance testing of a Chinese medicinal herb harvester, based on the intelligent Chinese medicinal herb harvester performance testing platform described in claim 1, characterized in that: The steps include the following, and should be performed in the following order: S1: Preparation Phase ① Determine the target species for harvesting Chinese medicinal materials, experimental conditions, and experimental items, and formulate an orthogonal experimental design; in: The medicinal herbs harvested include: Bupleurum chinense and Astragalus membranaceus; The experimental conditions included: soil and agronomy; The test items include: the angle of the digging shovel into the soil, the type of the digging shovel, the type of the chain screen, the tractor's power output torque and speed, the unit's travel speed, and the resistance to tillage into the soil; ② Install the test excavator shovel (13); ③ Debug the data analyzer (17); ⑤ Adjust the spacing of the chain screen support plates; ⑥ Install the screen blades and adjust the spacing; S2: Experimental Phase ① Starting resistance tester and torque tester; ② Start the tractor; ③ Determine the unit's travel speed; ④ Determine the chain screen rotation speed; ⑤ Adjust the angle at which the excavator shovel enters the soil; ⑥ Begin the burial process; ⑦ The assignment is complete; S3: Data Analysis and Organization ① Calculate the harvesting rate, breakage rate, and yield; ② Organize and analyze the data on resistance to soil penetration; S4: Determine the optimization plan ① Adjust the parameters and repeat the above experiment; ② Determine the optimal structural parameters.

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