A vibration damping device

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of vibration damping, and discloses a vibration damping device, which includes a base and a cover plate. The base and the cover plate are connected and form a cylindrical cavity therebetween. A shaft rod coaxial with the cylindrical cavity is provided in the cylindrical cavity. The shaft rod is provided with multiple shaft rings located in the cylindrical cavity. Multiple annular steps are provided in the cylindrical cavity below the multiple shaft rings. A plurality of disc springs can be installed on the step surfaces of the multiple annular steps. The multiple shaft rings can transmit loads to the disc springs on the multiple annular steps, and by setting the initial clearance between a single shaft ring in the multiple shaft rings and the corresponding disc spring, the time for the disc spring to participate in force bearing is adjusted. The present invention selects to install a single disc spring or a combination of multiple disc springs on the multiple annular steps according to the magnitude of the load to be borne, and by adjusting the time for a single disc spring to participate in force bearing, different characteristic curves of the disc spring assembly are obtained.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of vibration damping, and particularly to a vibration damping device. Background Art

[0002] During the relative movement of a high-speed moving component and a stationary component, a rigid collision will occur between the moving component and the stationary component, generating vibrations, which will affect the service life of the moving component and the stationary component. To reduce the vibrations of the moving component and the stationary component, a vibration damping device is usually provided at the end of the moving component or the end of the stationary component. The elastic member in the vibration damping device absorbs the energy generated by the vibration to reduce the amplitude. For most vibration damping devices, they do not have the function of adjusting the bearing capacity and characteristic curve. Therefore, vibration damping devices with different parameters need to be used for different working conditions. In addition, currently, metal springs or rubber are generally used as the elastic member in the vibration damping device. However, metal springs cannot bear large loads, and the combination occupies a large space; rubber is prone to corrosion during long-term use and has a short service life. For example, in subway rail transit, a certain amount of impact energy will be generated during the contact between the wheel and the track, and the generated vibrations and noises will inevitably affect the surrounding environment and buildings. To reduce the vibrations and noises during vehicle operation, currently, rubber or springs are generally lined under the track. However, the rubber has a short service life and high maintenance costs, while the damping of the spring is small, the rebound recoil force is large, and the vibration damping and noise reduction effects are not obvious. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the deficiencies existing in the prior art and provide a vibration damping device.

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0005] Provide a vibration damping device, including a base and a cover plate. The base and the cover plate are connected and form a cylindrical cavity therebetween. A shaft rod coaxial with the cylindrical cavity is provided in the cylindrical cavity. The shaft rod is provided with multiple shaft rings located in the cylindrical cavity. Multiple annular steps are provided in the cylindrical cavity below the multiple shaft rings. Multiple disc springs can be installed on the step surfaces of the multiple annular steps. The multiple shaft rings can transfer the load to the disc springs on the multiple annular steps, and by setting the initial gap between a single shaft ring in the multiple shaft rings and the corresponding disc spring, the time for the disc spring to participate in the force is adjusted.

[0006] Further, at least one layer of the multiple shaft rings abuts against the corresponding disc spring to apply a pre-tightening force to the disc spring.

[0007] Further, the first end of the shaft rod is a free end, the free end extends outside the cover plate, the second end of the shaft rod is a fixed end, the fixed end extends outside the base, and a bolt is installed at the fixed end.

[0008] Further, at least one layer of the multi-layer collar is in contact with the inner wall of the cylindrical cavity.

[0009] Further, the diameters of the multi-layer annular steps gradually decrease along the direction of the base.

[0010] Further, a damping portion is provided between the upper part of the multi-layer collar and the cylindrical cavity. The damping portion is mounted on the multi-layer collar and is provided with a working hole for the shaft rod to pass through.

[0011] Further, the damping portion is made of metal rubber.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0013] The present invention uses a disc spring as an elastic member. By utilizing the characteristics of the disc spring, such as large stiffness, strong buffering and vibration absorption ability, and being able to bear large loads with small deformations, the shock absorption device of the present invention can bear large loads and has the advantage of long service life.

[0014] The present invention selects to install a single disc spring or a combination of multiple disc springs on the multi-layer annular steps according to the magnitude of the load to be borne, and adjusts the time when a single disc spring participates in the force to obtain different characteristic curves of the disc spring assembly, so as to meet the requirements of different load conditions. In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the disc spring includes a first disc spring, a second disc spring and a third disc spring. The first disc spring applies a pre-tightening force and bears the load first, and then the second disc spring and the third disc spring bear the load in sequence. By designing the time when the second disc spring and the third disc spring participate in the force, the force of the disc spring assembly increases to the maximum and then starts to stabilize as the stroke increases. According to the stiffness / flexibility calculation formula, when the part load remains unchanged and the displacement increases, the stiffness of the disc spring decreases and the flexibility increases. Therefore, in this embodiment, the disc spring assembly can not only bear large loads, but also has a good buffering effect and excellent shock absorption and noise reduction effects.

[0015] Other features and advantages of the present invention will be described in detail in the subsequent specific embodiment part. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.

[0017] Figure 1 It is a cross-sectional view of the shock absorption device.

[0018] Figure 2It is an exploded view of a shock absorber.

[0019] Figure 3 It is a curve characteristic diagram of a disc spring.

[0020] Figure 4 It is a curve characteristic diagram of the disc spring assembly in Embodiment 1.

[0021] Among them, 1 - base, 2 - cover plate, 3 - shaft rod, 4 - multi-layer shaft collar, 5 - multi-layer annular step, 6 - disc spring, 7 - bolt, 8 - damping part. Specific implementation mode

[0022] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific implementation modes. Among them, the attached drawings are only for illustrative purposes, showing only schematic diagrams, not physical diagrams, and should not be construed as a limitation of this patent; in order to better illustrate the embodiments of the present invention, some components in the attached drawings will be omitted, enlarged or reduced, which does not represent the size of the actual product; for those skilled in the art, it is understandable that some well-known structures and their descriptions in the attached drawings may be omitted.

[0023] As Figures 1 - 2 shown, the present invention provides a shock absorber, including a base 1 and a cover plate 2. The base 1 and the cover plate 2 are connected and form a cylindrical cavity therebetween. A shaft rod 3 coaxial with the cylindrical cavity is arranged in the cylindrical cavity. The shaft rod 3 is provided with a multi-layer shaft collar 4 located in the cylindrical cavity. A multi-layer annular step 5 is arranged in the cylindrical cavity below the multi-layer shaft collar 4. Multiple disc springs 6 can be installed on the step surfaces of the multi-layer annular step 5. The multi-layer shaft collar 4 can transmit the load to the disc springs 6 on the multi-layer annular step 5, and by setting the initial gap between a single shaft collar in the multi-layer shaft collar 4 and the corresponding disc spring, the time for the disc spring to participate in the force is adjusted.

[0024] The present invention uses a disc spring as an elastic member. By utilizing the characteristics of the disc spring, such as large stiffness, strong buffering and vibration absorption ability, and being able to bear large loads with small deformations, the shock absorber in this embodiment can bear large loads and has the advantage of long service life. Based on the above situation, the present invention uses the cylindrical cavity to install the disc spring 6 and the shaft rod 3. Through the shaft rod 3 and the shaft collar 4 pressing down, the external load is transmitted to the disc spring 6. Among them, the shaft rod 3 and the shaft collar 4 transmit the vertical load in the cylindrical cavity, and the disc spring bears the vertical load.

[0025] The present invention uses a multi-layer annular step 5 to install multiple disc springs 6. The central axes of the multiple disc springs 6 are coaxial with the central axis of the multi-layer annular step 5, and the central hole of the multi-layer annular step 5 and the central holes of the multiple disc springs 6 form a stepped axial channel. The multi-layer shaft collar 4 is provided with a plurality of stepped shaft collars corresponding to the stepped axial channel, so as to be able to transmit the vertical load to the disc springs 6 on the multi-layer annular step 5.

[0026] In the above solution, the shock absorber is configured to select to install a single disc spring 6 or a combination of multiple disc springs 6 on the multi-layered annular step 5 according to the magnitude of the load to be borne; since the disc spring 6 is installed within the cylindrical cavity, and the cylindrical cavity is formed between the base 1 and the cover plate 2, the installation of the disc spring can be achieved by disassembling the base 1 and the cover plate 2.

[0027] Specifically, for the installation of a single disc spring, since the annular step 5 is stepped, the installation area of each step surface is correspondingly different, and the radius of the disc spring directly affects the elastic performance of the disc spring. Therefore, a single disc spring with a different radius can be selected and installed on the corresponding step surface of the annular step 5; similarly, for a combination of multiple disc springs, the radii of the multiple disc springs installed on different layers of the annular step surface are also different.

[0028] In the above solution, a shaft rod 3 coaxial with the cylindrical cavity is provided within the cylindrical cavity. The shaft rod 3 is provided with multiple layers of shaft rings 4 located within the cylindrical cavity. A disc spring assembly composed of a combination of multiple disc springs can also be installed on the multi-layered annular step 5. By adjusting the time when different disc springs participate in the force, different characteristic curves of the disc spring assembly can be obtained, so as to meet the requirements of different load conditions.

[0029] As a preferred solution of the invention, at least one layer of the shaft rings 4 in the multi-layered shaft rings is in contact with the corresponding disc spring to apply a pre-tightening force to the disc spring. In this solution, by applying a pre-tightening force to the disc spring, the working performance of the disc spring can be improved.

[0030] Specifically, the first end of the shaft rod 3 is a free end, and the free end extends outside the cover plate 2. The second end of the shaft rod 3 is a fixed end, and the fixed end extends outside the base 1, and a bolt 7 is installed at the fixed end. In this solution, a pre-tightening force is applied to at least one disc spring by adjusting the shaft rod 3 and the bolt 7.

[0031] As a preferred solution of the invention, at least one layer of the shaft rings 4 in the multi-layered shaft rings is in contact with the inner wall of the cylindrical cavity to play a guiding role.

[0032] As a preferred solution of the present invention, the diameter of the multi-layered annular step 5 gradually decreases towards the direction of the base 1. Compared with the gradually increasing solution, this solution is more convenient for arranging and installing the disc spring and the multi-layered shaft rings 4 within the cylindrical cavity.

[0033] As a preferred solution of the invention, a damping portion 8 is further provided between the upper part of the multi-layered shaft rings 4 and the cylindrical cavity. The damping portion 8 is installed on the multi-layered shaft rings 4 and is provided with a working hole for the shaft rod 3 to pass through. In this solution, the damping portion 8 is used to consume the energy stored in the disc spring.

[0034] Specifically, the damping portion 8 is preferably made of metal rubber. Metal rubber has the advantages of compact structure, small volume, light weight, and is resistant to high temperature corrosion and has a stable structure.

[0035] Similarly, the damping device can also apply a pre-tightening force to the damping part 8 by adjusting the cover plate 2 and the bolt 7 to improve the working performance of the damping part 8. Embodiment

[0036] Reference Figures 1 - 2 As shown, this embodiment provides a damping device. In the specific implementation, the multi-layer annular steps 5 sequentially include a first-layer annular step, a second-layer annular step, and a third-layer annular step from top to bottom. The diameters of the first-layer annular step, the second-layer annular step, and the third-layer annular step decrease sequentially towards the base 1. And a first disc spring capable of contacting the inner wall of the cylindrical cavity is installed on the step surface of the first-layer annular step. Second disc springs and third disc springs are sequentially installed on the step surfaces of the second-layer annular step and the third-layer annular step. The radii of the first disc spring, the second disc spring, and the third disc spring also decrease sequentially, and the central holes of the three are coaxial.

[0037] Correspondingly, the multi-layer shaft rings 4 include a first-layer shaft ring, a second-layer shaft ring, and a third-layer shaft ring corresponding to the multi-layer annular steps 5. The first-layer shaft ring transmits the load to the first disc spring and applies a pre-tightening force to the first disc spring in the initial state. The second-layer shaft ring passes through the central hole of the first disc spring to transmit the load to the second disc spring. The part of the second disc spring below the central hole of the first disc spring can contact the second-layer shaft ring. The third-layer shaft ring passes through the central hole of the second disc spring to transmit the load to the third disc spring. The part of the third disc spring below the central hole of the second disc spring can contact the third-layer shaft ring.

[0038] In this embodiment, the damping part 8 is made of metal rubber, and the metal rubber is applied with a pre-tightening force through the adjusting cover plate 2 and the bolt 7; the first disc spring is applied with a pre-tightening force through the shaft rod 3 and the bolt 7; the second disc spring and the third disc spring make the second disc spring and the third disc spring participate in the force in the order of the second and the third by adjusting the gaps with the second-layer shaft ring and the third-layer shaft ring.

[0039] Figure 3 For the curve characteristic of the disc spring, as the stroke of the disc spring increases, the force increases to the maximum and then begins to decrease; Figure 4 For the curve characteristic of the disc spring assembly composed of the first disc spring, the second disc spring, and the third disc spring in this embodiment, since the first disc spring is applied with a pre-tightening force, it first bears the load, and then the second disc spring and the third disc spring bear the load in turn. By designing the participation time of the second disc spring and the third disc spring in the force, the force of the disc spring assembly increases to the maximum and then begins to stabilize as the stroke increases. According to the stiffness / flexibility calculation formula, when the load of the disc spring assembly remains unchanged and the displacement increases, the stiffness of the disc spring assembly decreases and the flexibility increases. Therefore, the disc spring assembly in this embodiment can not only bear large loads, but also has a good buffering effect and excellent damping and noise reduction effects.

[0040] The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited thereto. Within the scope of the technical concept of the present invention, various simple modifications can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention, including the combination of each specific technical feature in any suitable manner. To avoid unnecessary repetition, the present invention will not separately describe various possible combination methods. However, these simple modifications and combinations should also be regarded as the content disclosed by the present invention and all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A vibration damping device, characterized in that, It includes a base (1) and a cover plate (2). The base (1) and the cover plate (2) are connected and form a cylindrical cavity therebetween. A shaft rod (3) coaxial with the cylindrical cavity is provided in the cylindrical cavity. The shaft rod (3) is provided with multiple layers of shaft rings (4) located in the cylindrical cavity. Multiple layers of annular steps (5) are provided in the cylindrical cavity below the multiple layers of shaft rings (4). Multiple disc springs (6) are installed on the step surfaces of the multiple layers of annular steps (5). The multiple layers of shaft rings (4) can transmit loads to the disc springs (6) on the multiple layers of annular steps (5), and by setting the initial gap between a single shaft ring in the multiple layers of shaft rings (4) and the corresponding disc spring, the time for the disc spring to participate in force application is adjusted.

2. The shock absorber according to claim 1, wherein At least one layer of shaft rings in the multiple layers of shaft rings (4) abuts against the corresponding disc spring to apply a pre-tightening force to the disc spring.

3. The shock-absorbing device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first end of the shaft rod (3) is a free end, and the free end extends outside the cover plate (2). The second end of the shaft rod (3) is a fixed end, and the fixed end extends outside the base (1), and a bolt (7) is installed at the fixed end.

4. The vibration damping device according to claim 1, characterized in that, At least one layer of shaft rings in the multiple layers of shaft rings (4) contacts the inner wall of the cylindrical cavity.

5. The vibration damping device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The diameter of the multiple layers of annular steps (5) gradually decreases along the direction of the base (1).

6. The shock absorption device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that A damping part (8) is further provided between the upper part of the multiple layers of shaft rings (4) and the cylindrical cavity. The damping part (8) is installed on the multiple layers of shaft rings (4) and is provided with a working hole for the shaft rod (3) to pass through.

7. The shock-absorbing device according to claim 6, characterized in that The damping part (8) is made of metal rubber.

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