A single-sensor multifunctional solar radiation measuring device and its measuring method

Abstract

The present invention discloses a single-sensor multifunctional solar radiation measuring device and a measuring method thereof. The measuring device comprises a radiation sensor, a sliding sunshade, a sensor bracket, a sunshade driving mechanism, a pitch driving mechanism, a rotating arm, a rotating driving mechanism and a supporting column. By controlling the pitch and rotation movement of the radiation sensor, the direction of the radiation sensor measuring surface is changed, so as to realize the functions of tracking the movement of the sun and selecting incident light from different directions. At the same time, in conjunction with the sliding of the sliding sunshade, it is selected whether to measure the scattered incident light, thereby realizing the measurement function of multiple parameters of solar radiation. The device has the advantages of simple structure, low cost, and easy to realize automatic continuous measurement.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a light radiation measuring device, in particular to a single-sensor multifunctional solar radiation measuring device and a measuring method thereof. Background Art

[0002] The solar energy on the earth has huge reserves and is a very good clean energy source. Large-scale photovoltaic power generation and solar thermal power generation have been industrialized. For research and engineering technology in this area, accurate and long-term measurement of solar radiation is very necessary. However, there are many parameters of solar radiation that need to be measured. The radiation parameters that need to be paid attention to in photovoltaic and solar thermal power generation technologies include total radiation, normal direct radiation, total scattered radiation, normal total radiation, sunshine duration, etc. When establishing an observation station, it is necessary to install special sensors for various measurement parameters as well as control, power supply and communication systems. At the same time, due to the high price of high-precision wide-spectrum radiation sensors, the measurement of some parameters also requires automated sun tracking mechanisms and control systems, making multi-parameter measurement of solar radiation very difficult and expensive. Summary of the invention

[0003] In order to overcome the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a single-sensor multifunctional solar radiation measuring device and a measuring method thereof, which can track the movement trajectory of the sun, use a single sensor, and measure a variety of solar radiation parameters through an adjustable sunshade and changing the sensor measurement direction.

[0004] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:

[0005] A single-sensor multifunctional solar radiation measuring device comprises a radiation sensor 1, a sliding sunshade 2, a sensor bracket 3, a sunshade driving mechanism 4, a pitch driving mechanism 5, a rotating arm 6, a rotating driving mechanism 7 and a supporting column 8; the radiation sensor 1 is installed in the sliding sunshade 2 and fixed to one end of the sensor bracket 3, and the orientation of the measuring surface of the radiation sensor 1 changes with the change of the position of the sensor bracket 3; the inner surface of the sliding sunshade 2 forms a sliding fit with the mounting surface of the radiation sensor 1, and the sliding sunshade 2 is extended and retracted to block or allow the scattered radiation of the sun to irradiate the radiation sensor 1; The sensor bracket 3 is used to fix the radiation sensor 1 and the light shield driving mechanism 4, and the light shield driving mechanism 4 is used to drive the sliding light shield 2 to perform telescopic movement; the pitch driving mechanism 5 is connected to the sensor bracket 3 at one end and connected to the rotating arm 6 at the other end. The pitch driving mechanism 5 drives the sensor bracket 3 to perform pitch movement through a motor, and makes the projection position of the radiation sensor 1 on the ground away from the fixed point of the measuring device on the ground; the rotating driving mechanism 7 has one end connected to the rotating arm 6, which is the rotating end, and the other end connected to the supporting column 8, which is the fixed end. The rotating end is driven by the motor to drive the rotating arm 6 to perform rotational movement on the horizontal plane.

[0006] The sliding light shield 2 is a cylindrical structure with a circular cross-section.

[0007] The sliding light shield 2 has a friction wheel or a rack structure, and the light shield driving mechanism 4 drives the friction wheel or the gear rack through a motor to drive the sliding light shield 2 to perform telescopic movement outside the radiation sensor 1.

[0008] The support column 8 is a steel round tube structure, which is strong enough to provide support for the entire measuring device.

[0009] The pitch drive mechanism 5 and the rotation drive mechanism 7 form a two-degree-of-freedom bracket system. The rotating arm 6 and the sensor bracket 3 are used to change the measuring orientation of the radiation sensor 1. At the same time, the telescopic movement of the sliding sunshade 2 is used to select whether to measure the scattered incident light. In this way, a radiation sensor can measure multiple parameters of solar radiation. If equipped with a corresponding automatic control device, the multi-parameter cycle-by-cycle measurement and recording function can be realized.

[0010] The measuring method of the single-sensor multifunctional solar radiation measuring device is as follows: driven by the pitch driving mechanism 5 and the rotation driving mechanism 7, the sensor bracket 3 drives the radiation sensor 1 to perform pitch and rotation movements, and can measure incident light in any direction; at the same time, under the action of the sunshade driving mechanism 4, the sliding sunshade 2 can be extended and retracted to choose whether to block scattered light and only measure the intensity of direct incident radiation; when measuring the total normal incident radiation, the radiation sensor 1 needs to track and align with the direction of the sun, and the sliding sunshade 2 needs to be retracted until the radiation sensor 1 is completely The end face of the sliding sunshade is exposed to measure the direct and scattered radiation from the sun. For measuring normal direct radiation, the radiation sensor 1 needs to track and aim at the sun, and the sliding sunshade 2 needs to extend forward to block all scattered light, allowing only direct light to be incident on the measuring surface of the radiation sensor 1 to measure the direct radiation from the sun. For measuring horizontal total radiation, the radiation sensor 1 needs to be perpendicular to the ground and aimed at the zenith, and the sliding sunshade 2 needs to be retracted. For measuring the total radiation reflected from the ground, the radiation sensor 1 needs to be perpendicular to the ground and aimed at the center of the earth, and the sliding sunshade 2 needs to be retracted.

[0011] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0012] The single-sensor multifunctional solar radiation measurement device uses only one radiation sensor and utilizes a retractable sliding sunshade and a pitch and rotation drive structure to measure a variety of solar radiation parameters. It can also realize cyclic measurement and recording of multiple parameters after being equipped with an automatic control device, greatly reducing the system complexity and cost of the observation equipment, and reducing the investment and difficulty of establishing an observation station. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0013] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the device structure of the present invention.

[0014] Among them, 1 is a radiation sensor, 2 is a sliding sunshade, 3 is a sensor bracket, 4 is a sunshade driving mechanism, 5 is a pitch driving mechanism, 6 is a rotating arm, 7 is a rotating driving mechanism and 8 is a supporting column.

[0015] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the sensor orientation and sunshade position when measuring different radiation parameters.

[0016] Among them, a is the normal incident total radiation, b is the normal direct radiation, c is the horizontal total radiation, and d is the ground reflected total radiation. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:

[0018] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention is a single-sensor multifunctional solar radiation measuring device, comprising a radiation sensor 1, a sliding sunshade 2, a sensor bracket 3, a sunshade driving mechanism 4, a pitch driving mechanism 5, a rotating arm 6, a rotating driving mechanism 7 and a supporting column 8; the radiation sensor 1 is installed in the sliding sunshade 2 and fixed to one end of the sensor bracket 3, and the orientation of the measuring surface of the radiation sensor 1 changes with the change of the position of the sensor bracket 3; the inner surface of the sliding sunshade 2 forms a sliding fit with the mounting surface of the radiation sensor 1, and the expansion and contraction of the sliding sunshade 2 blocks or allows the scattered radiation of the sun to irradiate the radiation sensor 1; the sensor bracket 3 is used to fix the radiation sensor 1 and the sunshade driving mechanism 4, and the sunshade driving mechanism 4 is used to drive the sliding sunshade 2 to perform telescopic movement; the pitch driving mechanism 5 is connected to the sensor bracket 3 at one end and connected to the rotating arm 6 at the other end. The pitch driving mechanism 5 drives the sensor bracket 3 to perform pitch movement through a motor, and makes the projection position of the radiation sensor 1 on the ground away from the fixed point of the measuring device on the ground; the rotating driving mechanism 7 is connected to the rotating arm 6 at one end, which is the rotating end, and is connected to the supporting column 8 at the other end, which is the fixed end. The rotating end is driven by the motor to drive the rotating arm 6 to perform rotational movement on the horizontal plane.

[0019] The pitch drive mechanism 5 and the rotation drive mechanism 7 form a two-degree-of-freedom bracket system, which uses the rotating arm 6 and the sensor bracket 3 to change the measuring orientation of the radiation sensor 1. At the same time, with the help of the telescopic movement of the sliding sunshade 2, it is selected whether to measure the scattered incident light, thereby realizing the measurement of multiple parameters of solar radiation by a radiation sensor. As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is equipped with a corresponding automatic control device, which can realize the function of cyclic measurement and recording of multiple parameters.

[0020] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the sliding light shield 2 is a cylindrical structure with a circular cross-section.

[0021] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the sliding light shield 2 has a friction wheel or a rack structure, and the light shield driving mechanism 4 drives the friction wheel or the gear rack through a motor to drive the sliding light shield 2 to perform telescopic movement outside the radiation sensor 1.

[0022] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the support column 8 is a steel round tube structure, which is strong enough to provide support for the entire measuring device.

[0023] like Figure 1 As shown, the measurement method of the single-sensor multifunctional solar radiation measurement device of the present invention is as follows:

[0024] Driven by the pitch drive mechanism 5 and the rotation drive mechanism 7, the sensor bracket 3 drives the radiation sensor 1 to perform pitch and rotation movements, and can measure incident light in any direction. At the same time, under the action of the sunshade drive mechanism 4, the sliding sunshade 2 can be extended and retracted, and can choose whether to block scattered light and only measure the intensity of direct incident radiation. As shown in Figure 2, when measuring the total radiation incident in the normal direction, the radiation sensor 1 needs to track and align with the direction of the sun, and the sliding sunshade 2 needs to be retracted until the radiation sensor 1 is completely exposed to the end face of the sliding sunshade to measure the direct incident radiation in the direction of the sun. As shown in Figure 2b, for measuring normal direct radiation, the radiation sensor 1 needs to track and aim at the direction of the sun, and the sliding sunshade 2 needs to extend forward to block all scattered light, allowing only direct light to be incident on the measurement surface of the radiation sensor 1 to measure the direct radiation from the sun; as shown in Figure 2c, for measuring horizontal total radiation, the radiation sensor 1 needs to be perpendicular to the ground and aimed at the zenith direction, and the sliding sunshade 2 needs to be retracted; as shown in Figure 2d, for measuring the total radiation reflected from the ground, the radiation sensor 1 needs to be perpendicular to the ground and aimed at the center of the earth, and the sliding sunshade 2 needs to be retracted.

[0025] The specific implementation methods described above further illustrate the objectives, technical solutions and beneficial effects of the present invention in detail. It should be understood that the above description is only a specific implementation method of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A single-sensor multifunctional solar radiation measuring device, characterized in that: It comprises a radiation sensor (1), a sliding light shield (2), a sensor bracket (3), a light shield driving mechanism (4), a pitch driving mechanism (5), a rotating arm (6), a rotating driving mechanism (7) and a supporting column (8); The radiation sensor (1) is installed in the sliding light shield (2) and fixed at one end of the sensor bracket (3); the orientation of the measurement surface of the radiation sensor (1) changes with the change of the position of the sensor bracket (3); the inner surface of the sliding light shield (2) forms a sliding fit with the mounting surface of the radiation sensor (1); the sliding light shield (2) is extended and retracted to block or allow the sun's scattered radiation to irradiate the radiation sensor (1); the sensor bracket (3) is used to fix the radiation sensor (1) and the light shield driving mechanism (4); the light shield driving mechanism (4) is used to The sliding light shield (2) is driven to perform telescopic movement; one end of the pitch driving mechanism (5) is connected to the sensor bracket (3), and the other end is connected to the rotating arm (6); the pitch driving mechanism (5) drives the sensor bracket (3) to perform pitch movement through a motor, and makes the projection position of the radiation sensor (1) on the ground away from the fixed point of the measuring device on the ground; one end of the rotation driving mechanism (7) is connected to the rotating arm (6), which is the rotating end, and the other end is connected to the supporting column (8), which is the fixed end; the rotating end is driven by the motor to drive the rotating arm (6) to perform rotational movement on the horizontal plane; The sliding light shield (2) is a cylindrical structure with a circular cross-section; The sliding light shield (2) has a friction wheel or a rack structure, and the light shield driving mechanism (4) drives the friction wheel or the gear rack through a motor to drive the sliding light shield (2) to perform telescopic movement outside the radiation sensor (1).

2. The single-sensor multifunctional solar radiation measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support column (8) is a steel round tube structure, which is strong enough to provide support for the entire measuring device.

3. The single-sensor multifunctional solar radiation measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pitch drive mechanism (5) and the rotation drive mechanism (7) form a two-degree-of-freedom bracket system, which can realize the change of the measurement orientation of the radiation sensor (1) by means of the rotating arm (6) and the sensor bracket (3), and can also select whether to measure the scattered incident light by means of the telescopic movement of the sliding sunshade (2), thereby realizing the measurement of multiple parameters of solar radiation by a radiation sensor. When equipped with a corresponding automatic control device, the function of cyclic measurement and recording of multiple parameters can be realized.

4. The measurement method of the single-sensor multifunctional solar radiation measurement device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: Driven by the pitch drive mechanism (5) and the rotation drive mechanism (7), the sensor bracket (3) drives the radiation sensor (1) to perform pitch and rotation movements, and can measure incident light in any direction. At the same time, under the action of the light shield drive mechanism (4), the sliding light shield (2) can be extended and retracted to choose whether to block scattered light and only measure the intensity of direct incident radiation. When measuring the total radiation amount incident in the normal direction, the radiation sensor (1) needs to track and align with the direction of the sun, and the sliding light shield (2) needs to be retracted until the radiation sensor (1) is completely exposed to the end face of the sliding light shield, so as to measure the direct and scattered radiation in the direction of the sun. For measuring normal direct radiation, the radiation sensor (1) needs to track and aim at the direction of the sun, and the sliding sunshade (2) needs to extend forward to block all scattered light and only allow direct light to enter the measurement surface of the radiation sensor (1) to measure the direct radiation from the direction of the sun; for measuring horizontal total radiation, the radiation sensor (1) needs to be perpendicular to the ground and aim at the zenith direction, and the sliding sunshade (2) needs to be retracted; for measuring the total radiation reflected from the ground, the radiation sensor (1) needs to be perpendicular to the ground and aim at the center of the earth, and the sliding sunshade (2) needs to be retracted.

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