A multi-crop adaptive seed metering and uniform seed distribution device

Abstract

A multi-crop adaptive seed metering and uniform seeding device. When the seed metering mechanism operates, seeds in the seed box are quantitatively discharged from the seed box into the air cavity of the seed metering box. At the same time, the electric blower operates. Under the action of the air flow discharged by the electric blower, the seeds are sent into the seed guiding cavity formed between the blades through the conveying pipe. Since the upper ends of the blades are connected to the top of the upper shell of the seed distributor through elastic pieces, the seeds in each seed guiding cavity are discharged through the seed guiding pipe. The seeds input into each seed guiding cavity hit the collision sensor to generate voltage signals with corresponding quantities and different magnitudes. According to the collision sensor, the seed metering amount and the seed conveying force of each seed guiding pipe can be obtained. The blades are driven to rotate by the blade driving mechanism, so that the included angle between the blades changes, and the volume of the seed guiding cavity changes, so as to automatically adjust the number of seeds entering the channel, and adjust the rotation speed of the seed metering motor to control the seeding amount per mu, and adjust the blower to adapt to seeds of different sizes and qualities. The adaptability of the device, the consistency of seed metering in each row, and the accurate control of the seeding amount are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of seeders, and particularly relates to a multi-crop adaptive seed feeding and uniform seed distribution device. Background Art

[0002] Crop seeding operations are divided into two methods: single-seed precision seeding and strip seeding. When sowing small particle size crops such as conventional wheat, quinoa, and sesbania, strip seeding and broadcasting are mainly used. The pneumatic centralized seed feeding seeder has high conveying efficiency and meets the requirements of precision seeding operations, and it is the most advanced cereal strip seeding machine in the world. The consistency of the seed discharge amount is an important index for evaluating the operation quality of the seeder. The better the consistency, the more uniform the seeding, the better the growth of the later crops, and the higher the farmland yield. Due to the differences in different seed varieties, sizes, qualities, the vibration of the whole machine, and the conveying air pressure, etc., the control of the seeding amount and the effect of uniform seed distribution by the conventional pneumatic centralized conveying method are very unsatisfactory, and the consistency of the seed discharge amount per row is poor. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In order to overcome the above deficiencies in technology, the present invention provides a multi-crop adaptive seed feeding and uniform seed distribution device that improves the consistency of seed discharge in each row and accurately controls the seeding amount.

[0004] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to overcome its technical problems is as follows:

[0005] A multi-crop adaptive seed feeding and uniform seed distribution device, comprising:

[0006] A seed box for storing seeds, and a seed discharging box is hermetically connected below the seed box;

[0007] A seed discharging mechanism is arranged at the connection part between the seed discharging box and the seed box. The seed discharging mechanism quantitatively conveys the seeds in the seed box to the seed discharging box. One side inlet end of the seed discharging box is connected to an electric blower, and the other side outlet end is connected to a conveying pipe;

[0008] The lower shell of the seed distributor is in a disc-shaped structure, and the middle part of the lower shell of the seed distributor is connected to the other end of the conveying pipe;

[0009] The upper shell of the seed distributor is buckled and fixed at the upper opening of the lower shell of the seed distributor. A sealed cavity is formed between the upper shell of the seed distributor and the lower shell of the seed distributor. N seed guiding pipes are arranged in a circumferential direction, where N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2. N blades are rotatably installed in the cavity. The blades are arranged in the vertical direction. The cavity is divided into sealed and independent seed guiding cavities between two adjacent blades. The upper ends of each seed guiding pipe are connected to the corresponding seed guiding cavity. The top of the upper shell of the seed distributor is divided into N fan-shaped areas along the circumferential direction. The upper end of each blade is connected to the edge of the corresponding fan-shaped area through an elastic piece, and a collision sensor is arranged in each fan-shaped area; and

[0010] The blade driving mechanism is used to drive the spring pieces to rotate and change the angle between two adjacent spring pieces.

[0011] Furthermore, the above-mentioned seeding mechanism includes a seeding wheel with a horizontal rotating mechanism installed at the connection between the seeding box and the seed box, the seeding box is equipped with a seeding motor, the output shaft of the seeding motor is coaxially connected to the seeding wheel, and the seeding wheel is evenly provided with a plurality of grooves along the circumferential direction.

[0012] Furthermore, eight blades are rotatably arranged in the above-mentioned cavity, and the blade driving mechanism includes a box body installed on the upper end of the upper shell of the seed divider through a frame, a hollow wheel shaft I rotatably installed in the box body through a bearing in a vertical direction, a hollow wheel shaft II rotatably installed in the box body through a bearing and coaxially inserted in the hollow wheel shaft I, a hollow wheel shaft III rotatably installed in the box body through a bearing and coaxially inserted in the hollow wheel shaft II, and a wheel shaft rotatably installed in the box body through a bearing and coaxially inserted in the hollow wheel shaft III. The hollow wheel shaft I, hollow wheel shaft II, hollow wheel shaft III and wheel shaft are all driven to rotate by a wheel shaft driving device, and the two ends of the hollow wheel shaft I are symmetrically arranged respectively. There is a first blade, two first arc grooves are symmetrically arranged on the hollow wheel shaft I, second blades are symmetrically arranged at both ends of the hollow wheel shaft II, the second blade passes through the first arc groove, two second arc grooves are symmetrically arranged on the hollow wheel shaft II, third blades are symmetrically arranged at both ends of the hollow wheel shaft III, the third blade passes through the second arc groove and the first arc groove respectively, two third arc grooves are symmetrically arranged on the hollow wheel shaft III, fourth blades are symmetrically arranged at both ends of the wheel shaft, the fourth blade passes through the third arc groove, the second arc groove and the first arc groove respectively, and the first blade, the second blade, the third blade and the fourth blade are alternately arranged along the circumferential direction.

[0013] Furthermore, the above-mentioned wheel axle driving device includes a motor installed in a box and a main gear installed on the output shaft of the motor, and the hollow wheel shaft I, hollow wheel shaft II, hollow wheel shaft III and the wheel axle are all equipped with slave gears, and the slave gears are meshed with the corresponding main gears.

[0014] In order to improve the smoothness of seed guiding, an inverted conical seeding head is coaxially arranged at the lower end of the hollow wheel shaft I.

[0015] In order to prevent dust from entering, the outer sides of the first blade, the second blade, the third blade and the fourth blade are wrapped and fixed with a soft rubber sleeve.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: When the seed metering mechanism operates, seeds in the seed box are quantitatively discharged from the seed box into the air cavity of the seed metering box. At the same time, the electric blower operates, and the seeds are sent into the seed guiding cavity formed between each blade by the airflow discharged from the electric blower. Since the upper end of the blade is connected to the top of the upper shell of the seed distributor through an elastic piece, the seeds in each seed guiding cavity are discharged through the seed guiding pipe. The seeds input into each seed guiding cavity hit the collision sensor, generating voltage signals with corresponding quantities and different magnitudes. According to the collision sensor, the seed metering amount of each seed guiding pipe can be obtained. The blade driving mechanism drives the blade to rotate, thereby changing the angle between each blade, changing the volume of the seed guiding cavity, and thus achieving the purpose of adjusting the number of seeds entering the channel. Thus, the seed distribution operation for each row is completed. The consistency of seed metering for each row is improved, and the seeding rate is accurately controlled. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 is the front view structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 is the enlarged structural schematic diagram of the upper shell part of the seed distributor;

[0019] Figure 3 is the enlarged structural schematic diagram of the lower shell part of the seed distributor;

[0020] Figure 4 is the enlarged structural schematic diagram of the elastic piece part;

[0021] Figure 5 is the structural schematic diagram of the hollow wheel shaft part;

[0022] Figure 6 is the top view sectional structural schematic diagram of the first blade, the second blade, and the third blade;

[0023] Figure 7 is the structural schematic diagram of the motor part;

[0024] In the figure, 1. conveying pipe; 2. seed guiding pipe; 3. blade; 4. elastic piece; 5. lower shell of the seed distributor; 6. upper shell of the seed distributor; 7. collision sensor; 8. motor; 9. bearing; 10. box body; 11. frame; 12. seed box; 13. seed metering wheel; 14. seed metering motor; 15. seed metering box; 16. electric blower; 17. seed distributor head; 18. hollow wheel shaft I; 19. hollow wheel shaft II; 20. hollow wheel shaft III; 21. wheel shaft; 22. main gear; 31. first blade; 32. second blade; 33. third blade; 34. first arc groove; 35. second arc groove; 36. third arc groove; 37. fourth blade; 38. soft rubber sleeve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0025] The following combines the attached Figure 1 to the attached Figure 7Further description of the present invention.

[0026] A multi-crop adaptive seed metering and uniform seeding device, comprising: a seed box 12 for storing seeds, and a seed metering box 15 is hermetically connected below the seed box 12; a seed metering mechanism is arranged at the connection part between the seed metering box 15 and the seed box 12, and the seed metering mechanism quantitatively conveys the seeds in the seed box 12 into the seed metering box 15. One side inlet end of the seed metering box 15 is connected to an electric blower 16, and the other side outlet end is connected to a conveying pipe 1; a seed distributor lower shell 5, which is in a disc-shaped structure, and the middle part of the seed distributor lower shell 5 is connected to the other end of the conveying pipe 1; a seed distributor upper shell 6 is buckled and fixed at the upper opening of the seed distributor lower shell 5. A sealed cavity is formed between the seed distributor upper shell 6 and the seed distributor lower shell 5. N seed guide pipes 2 are arranged in a circumferential direction, where N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2. N blades 3 are rotatably installed in the cavity. The blades 3 are arranged in the vertical direction. The cavity is divided into sealed and independent seed guide cavities between two adjacent blades 3. The upper ends of each seed guide pipe 2 are communicated with the corresponding seed guide cavity. The top of the seed distributor upper shell 6 is divided into N fan-shaped areas along the circumferential direction. The upper end of each blade 3 is connected to the edge of the corresponding fan-shaped area through an elastic piece 4. A collision sensor 7 is arranged in each fan-shaped area; and a blade driving mechanism is used to drive the elastic piece 4 to rotate and change the angle between two adjacent elastic pieces 4. When the seed metering mechanism operates, the seeds in the seed box 12 are quantitatively discharged from the seed box 12 into the air cavity of the seed metering box 15. At the same time, the electric blower 16 operates. The seeds are sent into the seed guide cavities formed between the blades 3 by the airflow discharged by the electric blower 16. Since the upper end of the blade 3 is connected to the top of the seed distributor upper shell 6 through the elastic piece 4, the seeds in each seed guide cavity are discharged through the seed guide pipe 2. The seeds input into each seed guide cavity hit the collision sensor 7 to generate voltage signals with corresponding quantities and different magnitudes. According to the collision sensor 7, the seed metering amount of each seed guide pipe 2 can be obtained. The blade 3 is driven to rotate through the blade driving mechanism, so that the angle between the blades 3 changes, and the volume of the seed guide cavity changes, so as to achieve the purpose of adjusting the number of seeds entering the channel. When the blade 3 rotates, the elastic piece 4 undergoes elastic deformation, which can always ensure the airtightness of each seed guide cavity. Thus, the seed metering operation for each row is completed. The consistency of seed metering for each row is improved, and the seeding amount is accurately controlled. By also adjusting the rotation speed of the electric blower 16 according to the intensity of the detected impact signal based on the collision sensor 7, the purpose of adjusting the air pressure can be achieved to adapt to seeds of different sizes, and the phenomenon of seed damage caused by excessive impact force of the seeds on the collision sensor 7 due to too high air flow velocity can be prevented. When the air flow is too small, the purpose of rapid transportation cannot be achieved. According to the number and frequency of the impact signals of all the collision sensors 7, the total seed transportation amount per unit time (i.e., the seeding amount per unit time) of the conveying pipe 1 can be obtained. Combining the operation speed of the seeder and the set mu seeding amount, the rotation speed of the seed metering motor 14 is adjusted in real time, so that the seed transportation amount per unit time of the conveying pipe 1 matches the value converted from the set mu seeding amount, achieving the purpose of accurate control of the seeding amount.

[0027] The seeding mechanism may be a structure as follows, which includes a seeding wheel 13 with a horizontal rotating mechanism installed at the connection between the seeding box 15 and the seed box 12, a seeding motor 14 is installed on the seeding box 15, the output shaft of the seeding motor 14 is coaxially connected with the seeding wheel 13, and a plurality of grooves are evenly arranged along the circumferential direction on the seeding wheel 13. The seeding motor 14 drives the seeding wheel 13 to rotate, and since the grooves are evenly arranged on the seeding wheel 13, each groove facing the seed box 12 can store a set amount of seeds, and the seeds in the groove fall into the seeding box 15 as the seeding wheel 13 rotates.

[0028] Eight blades are rotatably arranged in the cavity, and the blade driving mechanism can be the following structure, which includes a box body 10 installed on the upper end of the seed separator upper shell 6 through a frame 11, a hollow wheel shaft I 18 rotatably installed in the box body 10 through a bearing 9 in a vertical direction, a hollow wheel shaft II 19 rotatably installed in the box body 10 through a bearing 9 and coaxially inserted in the hollow wheel shaft I 18, a hollow wheel shaft III 20 rotatably installed in the box body 10 through a bearing 9 and coaxially inserted in the hollow wheel shaft II 19, and an axle 21 rotatably installed in the box body 10 through a bearing 9 and coaxially inserted in the hollow wheel shaft III 20. The hollow wheel shaft I 18, the hollow wheel shaft II 19, the hollow wheel shaft III 20 and the axle 21 are all driven to rotate by the axle driving device, and the first blades 31 are symmetrically arranged at both ends of the hollow wheel shaft I 18, and the hollow wheel shaft I Two first arc grooves 34 are symmetrically arranged on the hollow wheel shaft 18, second blades 32 are symmetrically arranged at both ends of the hollow wheel shaft II 19, and the second blade 32 passes through the first arc groove 34. Two second arc grooves 35 are symmetrically arranged on the hollow wheel shaft II 19, and third blades 33 are symmetrically arranged at both ends of the hollow wheel shaft III 20. The third blade 33 passes through the second arc groove 35 and the first arc groove 34 respectively. Two third arc grooves 36 are symmetrically arranged on the hollow wheel shaft III 20, and fourth blades 37 are symmetrically arranged at both ends of the wheel shaft 21. The fourth blade 37 passes through the third arc groove 36, the second arc groove 35 and the first arc groove 34 respectively. The first blade 31, the second blade 32, the third blade 33 and the fourth blade 37 are alternately arranged along the circumferential direction. When the axle driving device drives the hollow axle Ⅰ 18 to rotate, the first blade 31 is driven to rotate; when the axle driving device drives the hollow axle Ⅱ 19 to rotate, the second blade 32 is driven to rotate; when the axle driving device drives the hollow axle Ⅲ 20 to rotate, the third blade 33 is driven to rotate; when the axle driving device drives the axle 21 to rotate, the fourth blade 37 is driven to rotate. When the first blade 31, the second blade 32, the third blade 33 and the fourth blade 37 rotate, the angles between them change, thereby changing the volume of the seed guide cavity, thereby achieving control of the number of seeds in each seed guide tube 2.

[0029] Further, the axle drive device includes a motor 8 installed in the box body 10 and a main gear 22 installed on the output shaft of the motor 8. Driven gears are installed on the hollow axle I 18, hollow axle II 19, hollow axle III 20 and the axle 21, and the driven gears are meshed with the corresponding main gear 22. The motor 8 rotates, thereby driving the main gear 22 to rotate. Since the main gear 22 is meshed with the driven gear, the rotation of the hollow axle I 18, hollow axle II 19, hollow axle III 20 and the axle 21 is realized. Preferably, a conical seed metering head 17 is coaxially arranged at the lower end of the hollow axle I 18. Through the conical seed metering head 17, the seeds conveyed from the conveying pipe 1 can enter the corresponding seed guiding cavity under the guidance of the conical surface of the seed metering head 17. At the same time, the seed metering head 17 can seal the axial end opening of the hollow axle III 20, prevent the seeds from colliding with the axial end of the hollow axle III 20, and also prevent dust from entering the hollow axle III 20.

[0030] Further, a soft rubber sleeve 38 is fixedly wrapped around the outer sides of the first blade 31, second blade 32, third blade 33 and fourth blade 37. The soft rubber sleeve 38 wraps the outer sides of the first blade 31, second blade 32, third blade 33 and fourth blade 37 in the circumferential direction, thereby sealing the hollow axle I 18, hollow axle II 19, hollow axle III 20 and the axle 21, and preventing dust from entering the hollow axle I 18, hollow axle II 19, hollow axle III 20 from the first arc groove 34, second arc groove 35 and third arc groove 36.

[0031] Finally, it should be noted that the above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-crop adaptive seed feeding and uniform seed sowing device, characterized in that, include: The seed box is used to store seeds, and a seed box is sealed and connected to the bottom of the seed box; The seeding mechanism is arranged at the connection part between the seeding box and the seed box, and the seeding mechanism quantitatively transports the seeds in the seed box to the seeding box. The inlet end of one side of the seeding box is connected to the electric fan, and the outlet end of the other side is connected to the conveying pipe; The lower shell of the seed distributor is a disc-shaped structure, and the middle part of the lower shell of the seed distributor is connected to the other end of the conveying pipe; The upper shell of the seed divider is buckled and fixed to the upper end opening of the lower shell of the seed divider, and a closed cavity is formed between the upper shell of the seed divider and the lower shell of the seed divider. N seed guide tubes are arranged around in a circumferential direction, and N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2. N blades are rotatably installed in the cavity, and the blades are arranged in a vertical direction. The cavity is divided into closed and independent seed guide cavities between two adjacent blades. The upper end of each seed guide tube is connected to the corresponding seed guide cavity. The top of the upper shell of the seed divider is divided into N sector-shaped areas in the circumferential direction. The upper end of each blade is connected to the edge of the corresponding sector-shaped area through a spring sheet, and a collision sensor is arranged in each sector-shaped area. as well as The blade driving mechanism is used to drive the spring pieces to rotate and change the angle between two adjacent spring pieces; Eight blades are rotatably arranged in the cavity, and the blade driving mechanism includes a box body installed on the upper end of the upper shell of the seed divider through a frame, a hollow wheel shaft I rotatably installed in the box body through a bearing in a vertical direction, a hollow wheel shaft II rotatably installed in the box body through a bearing and coaxially inserted in the hollow wheel shaft I, a hollow wheel shaft III rotatably installed in the box body through a bearing and coaxially inserted in the hollow wheel shaft II, and a wheel shaft rotatably installed in the box body through a bearing and coaxially inserted in the hollow wheel shaft III. The hollow wheel shaft I, the hollow wheel shaft II, the hollow wheel shaft III and the wheel shaft are all driven to rotate by the wheel shaft driving device, and the two ends of the hollow wheel shaft I are symmetrically provided with a first Blades, two first arc grooves are symmetrically arranged on the hollow wheel shaft I, second blades are symmetrically arranged at both ends of the hollow wheel shaft II, the second blade passes through the first arc groove, two second arc grooves are symmetrically arranged on the hollow wheel shaft II, third blades are symmetrically arranged at both ends of the hollow wheel shaft III, the third blade passes through the second arc groove and the first arc groove respectively, two third arc grooves are symmetrically arranged on the hollow wheel shaft III, fourth blades are symmetrically arranged at both ends of the wheel shaft, the fourth blade passes through the third arc groove, the second arc groove and the first arc groove respectively, the first blade, the second blade, the third blade and the fourth blade are alternately arranged along the circumferential direction.

2. The multi-crop adaptive seed metering and uniform seed distribution device according to claim 1, wherein: The seeding mechanism includes a seeding wheel with a horizontal rotating mechanism installed at the connection between the seeding box and the seed box. The seeding box is equipped with a seeding motor, the output shaft of the seeding motor is coaxially connected with the seeding wheel, and the seeding wheel is evenly provided with a plurality of grooves along the circumferential direction.

3. The multi-crop adaptive seed metering and uniform seed distribution device according to claim 1, wherein: The wheel axle driving device includes a motor installed in a box and a main gear installed on the motor output shaft. The hollow wheel shaft I, hollow wheel shaft II, hollow wheel shaft III and the wheel axle are all equipped with slave gears, and the slave gears are meshed with the corresponding main gears.

4. The multi-crop adaptive seed metering and uniform seed distribution device according to claim 3, characterized in that: An inverted conical seed dividing head is coaxially arranged at the lower end of the hollow wheel shaft I.

5. The multi-crop adaptive seed metering and uniform seed distribution device according to claim 3, wherein: The outer sides of the first blade, the second blade, the third blade and the fourth blade are wrapped and fixed with soft rubber sleeves.

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