An energy dissipation and guiding anti-collision pad at any angle

Abstract

An energy dissipation guide crash pad at any angle, relates to a crash pad, an energy dissipation guide crash pad at any angle, comprises a plurality of annular plates, an inner ring plate installed in the inner cavity of the annular plate, and a vibration reduction assembly arranged between the annular plate and the inner ring plate, an insertion port is arranged at the top of the annular plate located at the top, a top block is installed at the insertion port, an insert ring matching the inner diameter of the inner ring plate is arranged at the bottom of each annular plate, the upper annular plate is inserted into the inner hole of the lower inner ring plate through the insert ring arranged at its bottom, the inner ring plate is installed in the annular plate corresponding thereto through the vibration reduction assembly, and the bottom plate of the annular plate located at the bottom is fixedly installed on the base through a connecting piece. The present invention inserts the insert rings of the multi-layer annular plates into the lower inner ring plate, and the spring part eliminates the damage caused by the collision to the vehicle, and the spring can automatically reset the crash pad while dissipating energy.

Description

[Technical field]

[0002] The invention relates to a guide anti-collision pad, in particular to an arbitrary angle energy dissipation guide anti-collision pad. [Background technology]

[0004] As is known, crash pads are usually installed on both sides of tunnel entrances, corresponding guardrails on both sides of bridges, diversion ports of road forks, and in front of important facilities on adjacent roads, etc., to prevent vehicles from directly hitting tunnel entrances, bridge guardrails, or running out of the road; however, with the rapid development of the economy, domestic highways (including expressways, national highways, provincial highways, and county and township highways) are increasing in large numbers and roads are being upgraded, the number of vehicles per capita has also increased significantly, and road accidents have also increased significantly, with a large number of casualties each year, among which speeding and illegal overtaking account for a high proportion, and tunnel entrances, bridge guardrail dividing strips or expressways Accidents have always occurred frequently at ramp diversion intersections, the main reasons being blind overtaking and illegal parking due to inattention to exceeding the exit; the existing crash pads are mostly made of cement casting or welded steel plates. The protective effect of the crash pads is very large, but the crash pads are not very effective in preventing collisions and dissipating energy and protecting vehicles and passengers. The collision between the cement-cast crash pads and the vehicles is a head-on collision, and there is no protective effect on the vehicles; the crash pads welded from steel plates only have an impact surface on the front, using the energy dissipation structure inside the pad body to partially dissipate the impact of the vehicle, but the steel plates on both sides form blades, causing greater damage to the vehicles and passengers. [Summary of the invention]

[0006] In order to overcome the shortcomings of the background technology, the present invention discloses an arbitrary angle energy dissipation guide anti-collision pad, which is equipped with a multi-layer annular plate insert ring and a lower inner ring plate, and the spring part eliminates the damage caused by the collision to the vehicle. The spring can automatically reset the anti-collision pad while dissipating energy.

[0007] To achieve the above-mentioned invention objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme: an arbitrary angle energy dissipation guide anti-collision pad, comprising a plurality of annular plates, an inner ring plate installed in the inner cavity of the annular plate, and a vibration damping assembly arranged between the annular plate and the inner ring plate. An insertion port is arranged at the top of the uppermost annular plate, and a top block is installed at the insertion port. An insert ring matching the inner diameter of the inner ring plate is arranged at the bottom of each annular plate. The upper annular plate is inserted into the inner hole of the lower inner ring plate through the insert ring arranged at its bottom. The inner ring plate is installed in the corresponding annular plate through the vibration damping assembly. The bottom plate of the annular plate located at the lowermost is fixedly mounted on the base through a connecting piece.

[0008] Further optimized, the vibration reduction assembly includes a positioning plate clamped on the outer side of the inner ring plate and a spring fixedly connected to the positioning plate, and an outer bend is provided on the upper end of the positioning plate.

[0009] For further optimization, a plurality of fixing holes are provided in the middle of the bottom plate of the lowermost annular plate, and the bottom plate is fixed by means of ground anchor rods and fixing nuts on the road surface; or the bottom plate of the lowermost annular plate is buried in the road surface for fixation; or the bottom plate of the lowermost annular plate is arranged in the middle of the annular plate, and cement mortar is poured into the upper concave cavity formed between the lower surface of the bottom plate and the annular plate to fix it to the road surface.

[0010] For further optimization, the lower portion of the inner ring plate is provided with a lower closing opening B facing inwards.

[0011] For further optimization, a group of two raised limit strips is provided on the outer edge of each inner ring plate, and the positioning plates in the vibration reduction assembly are clamped between the group of two raised limit strips.

[0012] Further optimization is performed by providing a lower closing opening A at the lower end of the insert ring.

[0013] Further optimization, the top block and the annular plate are square structures with consistent outer edges, the inner ring plate placed in the annular plate is a square structure with reduced diameter, and the insert ring structure on the lower surface of the annular plate matches the inner diameter of the inner ring plate; or the top block and the annular plate are elliptical structures with consistent outer edges.

[0014] Further optimization is performed in that a rear end plane B is provided at the top block and the rear end of the annular plate of the square structure, and the front ends of the top block and the annular plate are respectively arranged as semicircular A structures; wherein a rear end plane A is provided at the rear end of the inner ring plate, and a semicircular B is provided at the front end of the inner ring plate.

[0015] Further optimization is carried out by providing two installation holes A on both sides of each annular plate; providing two installation holes B on both sides of the inner annular plate; and providing double semicircular depressions near the front and rear on the upper surface of the top block, and providing through-holes for lifting at the bottom of the double semicircular depressions.

[0016] Further optimized, the top block is a built-in steel cage and is cast with cement, and an arc edge is set between the upper surface of the top block and the four walls.

[0017] Due to the adoption of the above-mentioned technical solution, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0018] The energy dissipation and guiding anti-collision pad at any angle described in the present invention is formed by forming the outer surface of the anti-collision pad with multiple layers of annular plates, and arranging an upper end plate and a bottom plate on the upper and lower parts of the annular plates respectively. The upper end plate and the bottom plate support the annular plates to obtain higher strength. Due to the seamless connection between the multiple layers of annular plates and the top block, it is ensured that there is no hard damage to the vehicle caused by obvious edges and corners when the vehicle collides, and the appearance of the present application is also relatively neat; the spring arranged between the annular plate and the inner ring plate can partially resolve the collision at any angle. On the one hand, the damage to the vehicle and its occupants is minimized. On the other hand, since the springs are distributed in an annular shape between the annular plate and the inner ring plate, the anti-collision pad can automatically reset after being hit; when in use, the present invention can be sprayed with anti-rust paint and guide signs can be drawn on the inside and the outside respectively; the present invention can effectively resolve the damage to the vehicle during vehicle impact and reduce the damage to the occupants.

Brief Description of the Drawings

[0020] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the shock absorbing assembly in the present invention;

[0023] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the connection position between the vibration reduction assembly and the annular plate and the inner ring plate in the present invention;

[0024] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the annular plate in the present invention;

[0025] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the inner ring plate in the present invention;

[0026] Figure 7 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0027] In the figure: 1. top block; 2. lower surface; 3. middle protrusion; 4. insertion port; 5. annular plate; 6. upper end plate; 7. insert ring; 8. lower closing A; 9. raised limit strip; 10. inner ring plate; 11. lower closing B; 12. outer bend; 13. positioning plate; 14. spring; 15. fixing hole; 16. screw; 17. ground anchor rod; 18. bottom plate; 19. cavity; 20. fixing nut; 21. arc edge; 22. road surface; 23. semicircle A; 24. semicircle B; 25. notch; 26. rear end plane A; 27. rear end plane B; 28. installation lifting hole A; 29. ​​installation lifting hole B; 30. double semicircle depression; 31. lifting hole; 32. guide mark. [Specific implementation method]

[0029] The present invention can be explained in more detail by the following examples. The purpose of disclosing the present invention is to protect all changes and improvements within the scope of the present invention. The present invention is not limited to the following examples.

[0030] It should be noted that, unless otherwise defined, the technical terms or scientific terms used herein shall have the usual meanings understood by persons with ordinary skills in the field to which the invention belongs. Similar words such as "one", "an" or "the" used in the patent application specification and claims of the present invention do not express quantitative limitations, but indicate the existence of at least one. Similar words such as "include" or "comprise" indicate that the elements or objects appearing before "include" or "comprises" include the elements or objects listed after "include" or "comprises" and their equivalents, but do not exclude other elements or objects with the same function.

[0031] An arbitrary-angle energy dissipation guide anti-collision pad comprises a plurality of annular plates, an inner annular plate installed in the inner cavity of the annular plate, and a vibration-damping assembly arranged between the annular plate and the inner annular plate. An insertion port is arranged at the top of the uppermost annular plate, a top block is installed at the insertion port, an insert ring matching the inner diameter of the inner annular plate is arranged at the bottom of each annular plate, the upper annular plate is inserted into the inner hole of the lower inner annular plate through the insert ring arranged at the bottom, the inner annular plate is installed in the annular plate corresponding thereto through the vibration-damping assembly, and the bottom plate of the annular plate located at the lowermost is fixedly installed on a base through a connecting piece.

[0032] In this solution, the vibration reduction assembly includes a positioning plate clamped on the outer side of the inner ring plate and a spring fixedly connected to the positioning plate, and an outer bend is provided on the upper end of the positioning plate.

[0033] Embodiment 1,

[0034] Combined with Figures 1 to 7 Describe the specific structure of this solution in detail:

[0035] The arbitrary angle energy dissipation guide anti-collision pad comprises an annular plate 5, an inner annular plate 10, a spring 14 and a top block 1, a bottom plate 18 is provided at the lower part of the annular plate 5, an upper end plate 6 with an insertion port 4 is provided at the upper part of the annular plate 5, a plurality of fixing holes 15 are provided in the middle of the bottom plate 18 of the lowest annular plate 5, a screw 16 arranged on the upper part of the anchor rod 17 inserted into the road surface 22 passes through the fixing hole 15 and is locked by the fixing nut 20; or the lower part of the lowest annular plate 5 is buried in the road surface 22; or the bottom plate 18 of the lowest annular plate 5 is arranged in the middle part of the annular plate 5, and cement mortar is poured into the upper concave cavity formed by the lower surface of the bottom plate 18 and the annular plate 5. The inner ring plate 10 is placed in the middle of the lowest annular plate 5, and a group of two raised limit strips 9 are provided on the outer edge of each inner ring plate 10, and a lower closing opening B11 facing inward is provided at the lower part of the inner ring plate 10, and a gap is left between the outer edge of the upper opening of the inner ring plate 10 and the insertion opening 4 of the upper end plate 6 of the annular plate 5; or the upper end of the inner ring plate 10 is lower than the lower surface of the upper end plate 6 of the annular plate 5, and springs 14 are respectively provided between the surrounding of the inner ring plate 10 and the inner surface of the annular plate 5, and a positioning plate 13 is respectively provided at the inner end of each spring 14, and an outer bend 12 is provided at the upper end of the positioning plate 13, and the positioning plate 13 is stuck between the raised limit strips 9 in a group of two;

[0036] The first annular plate is fixed on the road surface, and an inner annular plate is installed inside the first annular plate. The lower surface of the second annular plate arranged on the upper part is provided with an insert ring 7 matching the inner wall structure of the inner annular plate 10, and a lower closing opening A8 is provided at the lower end of the insert ring 7. A gap is left between the upper outer edge of the insert ring 7 and the insertion opening 4 of the upper end plate 6, and the insert ring 7 of the second annular plate is inserted into the inner annular plate 10; the second annular plate is provided with a spring 14 and annular plate 5 consistent with those in the annular plate 5, and the insert ring 7 of the third annular plate 5 is inserted into the second annular plate 5, a two-stage spring is formed in the inner ring plate 10 of the top block 1, and then the middle protrusion 3 set on the lower surface 2 of the top block 1 is inserted into the insertion port 4 of the upper end plate 6 of the third ring plate 5; the third ring plate 5 may also be provided with a spring 14 and a ring plate 5 consistent with the ring plate 5, and the insert ring 7 of the fourth ring plate 5 is inserted into the inner ring plate 10 of the third ring plate 5 to form a three-stage spring anti-impact energy dissipation, and the middle protrusion 3 set on the lower surface 2 of the top block 1 is inserted into the insertion port 4 of the upper end plate 6 of the fourth ring plate 5;

[0037] It should be noted that the first, second, third and fourth annular plates described above are named in the following principle: the lowest annular plate is the first annular plate, and the second, third and fourth annular plates are named from bottom to top;

[0038] In this embodiment, a rear end plane A26 is provided at the rear end of the inner ring plate 10 , and a semicircle B24 is provided at the front end of the inner ring plate 10 .

[0039] Combined with Figure 1 , 2Or 7, the top block 1 and the annular plate 5 are square structures with consistent outer edges, the inner ring plate 10 placed in the annular plate 5 is a square structure with reduced diameter, and the insert ring 7 structure on the lower surface of the annular plate 5 matches the inner diameter of the inner ring plate 10; or the top block 1 and the annular plate 5 are elliptical structures with consistent outer edges; a rear end plane B27 is provided at the rear end of the top block 1 and the annular plate 5 of the square structure, and the front ends of the top block 1 and the annular plate 5 are respectively set to semicircular A23 structures; the upper surface of the top block 1 is provided with double semicircular recesses 30 near the front and rear, and a through lifting hole 31 is provided at the bottom of the pit of the double semicircular recess 30.

[0040] Implement the energy dissipation guide crash pad at any angle described in the present invention, combined with the attached Figures 1 to 7 Taking the production of four layers as an example, four sets of annular plates 5, bottom plates 18 and upper end plates 6, three sets of insert rings 7 and inner ring plates 10 are produced by gas cutting or punching steel plates. An insertion port 4 is gas cut in the middle of the upper end plate 6. Figure 5 According to the design, the annular plate 5, the insert ring 7 and the inner ring plate 10 are bent into semicircular shapes using a bending machine. In order to facilitate the insertion of the insert ring 7 and the inner ring plate 10 during use, the attached Figure 6 The lower portion of the insert ring 7 is bent to form a lower closing opening A8 and the lower portion of the inner ring plate 10 is bent to form a lower closing opening B11. In order to facilitate the bending of the lower closing opening B11 of the semicircular B24 of the inner ring plate 10, a plurality of notches 25 can be cut at the lower closing opening B11 of the semicircular B24 of the inner ring plate 10. Figure 5Similarly, a plurality of notches 25 should be cut out at the lower closing opening A8 at the semicircular part of the insert ring 7; the three insert rings 7 are respectively buckled on the lower surfaces of the three bottom plates 18 and then welded by electric welding, and several triangular reinforcing plates are welded at the connecting angle between the inner surface of the insert ring 7 and the bottom plate 18, and a total of three sets are made; four bottom plates 18 "one of which has no insert ring 7 installed" are respectively buckled on the lower ends of the four annular plates 5 and welded by electric welding, and then the four upper end plates 6 are buckled on the upper ends of the four annular plates 5 and welded by electric welding. For the sake of firmness, triangular reinforcing plates can be welded at the connecting angles between the annular plate 5 and the upper end plate 6 and the annular plate 5 and the bottom plate 18, and a gas cutting gun is used to cut the installation hanging holes A28 on the two side walls of the annular plate 5, and a plurality of fixing holes 15 are punched on a bottom plate 18 without the insert ring 7 installed; a gas cutting gun is used on the inner ring plate 10 Installation holes B29 are cut out on the two side walls, and then a plurality of raised limit strips 9 are welded in groups of two around the inner ring plate 10, with a total of three sets made; a plurality of springs 14 are used to fix the positioning plate 13 by welding; the aforementioned preliminarily processed structural parts are treated to eliminate burrs, treat weld seams and slag, and then remove rust and spray anti-rust primer and topcoat for standby use; the top block 1 is a built-in steel cage and is made of concrete material using a mold, and an arc-shaped edge 21 is provided between the upper surface of the top block 1 and the four walls, wherein the double semicircular recesses 30 and the lifting holes 31 in the double semicircular recesses 30 can use a structure integrally formed with steel profiles, which can be fixedly connected to the built-in steel cage by welding before pouring cement, and the surface of the manufactured top block 1 is sprayed with topcoat for standby use; fluorescent paint guide marks 32 are sprayed on the front of the top block 1 and the annular plate 5.

[0041] Installation method of this application:

[0042] According to the distribution size of the fixing holes 15 of the annular plate 5 with the fixing holes 15 on the bottom plate 18, holes are drilled on the road surface 22, and then the ground anchor rods 17 are inserted into the holes on the road surface 22. After the annular plate 5 is lifted up using the installation lifting holes A28 of the annular plate 5 using the slings and ropes, the fixing holes 15 of the bottom plate 18 of the annular plate 5 are made to correspond to the screw rods 16 of the ground anchor rods 17, and then the screw rods 16 are lowered, the ropes are removed, and the screw rods 16 are locked using the fixing nuts 20. The positioning plates 13 at the inner ends of the multiple springs 14 are placed according to the lines drawn on the bottom plate 18, and at this time, the outer ends of the springs 14 face the inner surface of the annular plate 5, and a rope is used to pass through the installation lifting holes B29 of the inner ring plate 10 and put into the annular plate 5 and the two raised limiting strips 9 of the inner ring plate 10 are located on both sides of the positioning plate 13 at the inner end of the spring 14, and the two raised limiting strips 9 prevent the displacement of the spring 14 and the positioning plate 13. After removing the rope, use the rope to hang up the second ring plate 5 installation lifting hole A28, use the lower closing opening A8 at the lower end of the plug ring 7 on the lower surface of the second ring plate 5 to insert the inner ring plate 10 in the ring plate 5 cavity 19, and then place the positioning plates 13 at the inner ends of the multiple springs 14 according to the drawing lines on the bottom plate 18 of the second ring plate 5. At this time, the outer end of the spring 14 faces the inner surface of the second ring plate 5, and the removed rope is passed through the other inner ring plate 1 0 is placed into the cavity 19 of the second annular plate 5 and the two raised limit strips 9 of the inner ring plate 10 are located on both sides of the positioning plate 13 at the inner end of the spring 14; then the third annular plate 5 is lifted up by a rope through the installation hanging hole A28, and the lower closing opening A8 at the lower end of the plug ring 7 on the lower surface of the third annular plate 5 is inserted into the inner ring plate 10 in the cavity 19 of the second annular plate 5, and then the positioning plates 13 at the inner ends of the multiple springs 14 are placed according to the drawing lines on the bottom plate 18 of the third annular plate 5. At this time, the outer ends of the springs 14 are facing the inner surface of the third annular plate 5, and the removed rope is passed through the installation hanging hole B of the third inner ring plate 10 29 is placed into the cavity 19 of the third annular plate 5 and the two raised limiting strips 9 of the inner annular plate 10 are located on both sides of the inner end positioning plate 13 of the spring 14. "It should be noted that the number of annular plates 5 is set according to the installation position, the height of the annular plate 5 and the design requirements. If the height of the annular plate 5 is 15 cm, the number of annular plates 5 is preferably three. If the height of the annular plate 5 is less than 15 cm, the number of annular plates 5 is four or more. This application takes the number of annular plates 5 as one of the implementation methods, that is, the three-stage spring anti-impact energy dissipation formed by four annular plates 5 can effectively reduce the damage to the vehicle and its occupants."Then use the rope to lift the fourth ring plate 5 installation lifting hole A28, use the lower closing opening A8 of the lower end of the insert ring 7 of the lower surface of the fourth ring plate 5 to insert it into the inner ring plate 10 in the cavity 19 of the third ring plate 5, and finally use the rope to penetrate the two pairs of semicircular recesses 30 lifting holes 31 on the upper surface of the top block 1 to put the middle protrusion 3 of the lower surface of the top block 1 into the insertion opening 4 of the upper end plate 6 of the third ring plate 5. "The insertion opening 4 of the upper end plate 6 of the third ring plate 5 matches the outer diameter of the upper end of the middle protrusion 3 of the top block 1", and the installation is completed. ;

[0043] During use, the chassis of the vehicle is mostly more than 15 centimeters. Once the vehicle loses control and collides with any part of the outer edge surface around the present application, the impacted annular plate 5 (the second annular plate 5 or the third annular plate 5) will be displaced under the strong support of the upper end plate 6 and the bottom plate 18. When a small car with a lower chassis collides, the impact force is reduced and offset under the action of the spring 14; if it is a large vehicle, the impact position is the third annular plate 5 or the fourth annular plate 5, and the present application can form a step-by-step reduction and offset of the impact kinetic energy of the vehicle, and then the spring 14 squeezed by the impact force will rebound after the collision, thereby obtaining the automatic reset of the present application.

[0044] Parts of the present invention not described in detail are prior art.

[0045] It should be noted that although the present invention is described by the above embodiments, the present invention may also have other various embodiments. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, it is obvious that those skilled in the art may make various corresponding changes and deformations to the present invention, but these changes and deformations should all fall within the scope of protection of the appended claims of the present invention and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An energy dissipation and guiding anti-collision pad at any angle, characterized by: The invention comprises a plurality of annular plates (5), an inner annular plate (10) installed in the inner cavity of the annular plate (5), and a vibration reduction assembly arranged between the annular plate (5) and the inner annular plate (10); an insertion opening (4) is arranged at the top of the annular plate (5) located at the top, a top block (1) is installed at the insertion opening (4), an insert ring (7) matching the inner diameter of the inner annular plate (10) is arranged at the bottom of each annular plate (5), the upper annular plate (5) is inserted into the inner hole of the lower inner annular plate (10) through the insert ring (7) arranged at the bottom, the inner annular plate is installed in the annular plate (5) corresponding thereto through the vibration reduction assembly, and the bottom plate of the annular plate (5) located at the bottom is fixedly installed on the base through a connecting piece; The vibration damping assembly comprises a positioning plate (13) clamped on the outer side of the inner ring plate (10) and a spring (14) fixedly connected to the positioning plate, and an outer bend (12) is provided at the upper end of the positioning plate; a group of two raised limit strips (9) are provided on the outer edge of each inner ring plate (10), and the positioning plates (13) in the vibration damping assembly are clamped between the group of two raised limit strips (9); A plurality of fixing holes (15) are provided in the middle of the bottom plate (18) of the lowest annular plate (5), and the bottom plate (18) is fixed by means of a ground anchor rod (17) and a fixing nut (20) on the road surface (22); or the bottom plate (18) of the lowest annular plate (5) is buried in the road surface (22) for fixing; or the bottom plate (18) of the lowest annular plate (5) is arranged in the middle of the annular plate (5), and cement mortar is poured into an upper concave cavity formed between the lower surface of the bottom plate (18) and the annular plate (5) to fix the bottom plate (18) to the road surface (22).

2. The energy dissipation and guiding anti-collision pad at any angle according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The lower portion of the inner ring plate (10) is provided with a lower closing opening B (11) facing inward.

3. The energy dissipation and guiding anti-collision pad at any angle according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A lower closing opening A (8) is provided at the lower end of the insert ring (7).

4. The energy dissipation and guiding anti-collision pad at any angle according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The top block (1) and the annular plate (5) are square structures with consistent outer edges, the inner ring plate (10) placed in the annular plate (5) is a square structure with a reduced diameter, and the insert ring (7) structure on the lower surface of the annular plate (5) matches the inner diameter of the inner ring plate (10); or the top block (1) and the annular plate (5) are elliptical structures with consistent outer edges.

5. The energy dissipation and guiding anti-collision pad at any angle according to claim 4 is characterized in that: A rear end plane B (27) is provided at the rear ends of the top block (1) and the annular plate (5) of the square structure, and the front ends of the top block (1) and the annular plate (5) are respectively arranged as semicircular A (23) structures; wherein a rear end plane A (26) is provided at the rear end of the inner ring plate (10), and a semicircular B (24) is provided at the front end of the inner ring plate (10).

6. The energy dissipation and guiding anti-collision pad at any angle according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Two mounting holes A (28) are respectively provided on both sides of each annular plate (5); two mounting holes B (29) are respectively provided on both sides of the inner annular plate (10); and double semicircular recesses (30) are respectively provided on the upper surface of the top block (1) near the front and rear, and through-holes for mounting (31) are provided at the bottom of the double semicircular recesses (30).

7. The energy dissipation and guiding anti-collision pad at any angle according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The top block (1) is a built-in steel cage and is cast using cement. An arc-shaped edge (21) is provided between the upper surface of the top block (1) and the four walls.

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