A wall horizontal loading test device and use method thereof

Abstract

The present invention discloses a wall horizontal loading test device and a method for using the same, comprising a constraint frame and at least two lateral support frames, wherein the constraint frame passes through the middle of the lateral support frames and the lateral support frames are arranged in parallel; the constraint frame comprises a loading beam, a ground beam and two edge columns, wherein the two edge columns are respectively arranged at the left and right edges of the loading beam, and the loading beam is connected to the ground beam through the two edge columns to obtain a rectangular constraint frame, wherein a plurality of sliding clamping devices are arranged on the inner side of the lateral support frame, and the sliding clamping devices are used to control the movement direction of the constraint frame; in the present invention, reusable loading beams and ground beams are arranged to act as loading components and fixing components, thereby solving the complicated work of casting loading beams and ground beams in the current wall horizontal loading test, simplifying the difficulty of component manufacturing, and saving component manufacturing cost and manufacturing time.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of building test devices, and in particular relates to a wall horizontal loading test device and a use method thereof. Background Art

[0002] The bearing capacity and deformation energy dissipation performance of the wall in high-rise buildings are important factors affecting the bearing safety of high-rise buildings. Therefore, experimental research on the bearing capacity and deformation energy dissipation of the wall is crucial. To study the bearing capacity and energy dissipation performance of the wall, it is necessary to conduct horizontal loading tests on the wall. At present, the horizontal loading tests of reinforced concrete walls in the laboratory are relatively rough. Usually, the reaction beams and ground beams are directly cast on the reinforced concrete walls, and the reaction beams are horizontally loaded. There are no special reusable reaction beams and ground beams, which makes the production time of reinforced concrete walls long, the production cost is high, and the production difficulty is great; secondly, the existing horizontal loading tests of reinforced concrete walls, steel plate shear walls and masonry walls mostly do not consider the constraint effect of the edge components such as beams and columns around the wall in actual use on the wall. This constraint effect is very important for the study of the deformation energy dissipation performance of the wall. Therefore, this constraint should be considered when conducting wall test research; finally, since the horizontal loading test of the wall is an in-plane test, a device is required to limit the displacement of the wall out of the plane, but the existing device is relatively bulky and not very convenient and flexible to disassemble and assemble. Summary of the invention

[0003] In order to solve the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a wall horizontal loading test device and a method of using the same, which can be used to carry out horizontal loading tests on reinforced concrete shear walls, masonry walls and steel plate shear walls, thereby solving the problem that the constraint effect of edge components on the wall cannot be considered in the current general wall seismic horizontal loading test.

[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a wall horizontal loading test device, comprising a constraint frame and at least two lateral support frames, wherein the constraint frame passes through the middle of the lateral support frames and the lateral support frames are arranged in parallel; the constraint frame comprises a loading beam, a ground beam and two edge columns, wherein the two edge columns are respectively arranged at the left and right edges of the loading beam, and the loading beam is connected to the ground beam through the two edge columns to obtain a rectangular constraint frame, and a plurality of sliding clamping devices are arranged on the inner side of the lateral support frame, and the sliding clamping devices are used to control the movement direction of the constraint frame.

[0005] Furthermore, hinged plates are connected to the lower end surface of the loading beam, the upper end surface of the ground beam and both end surfaces of the edge columns, and pins are arranged between the hinged plates to realize the hinged connection of the loading beam, the ground beam and the two edge columns.

[0006] Furthermore, the hinged plate is fixed to the loading beam and the ground beam by bolts, the hinged plate is fixed to the end surfaces of both ends of the edge column by welding, and the position of the hinged plate fixed to the loading beam and the ground beam is adjustable.

[0007] Furthermore, bolt holes are provided on the inner sides of the ground beam and the edge column, and the bolt holes are used for bolting with the embedded bolt rods in the precast concrete pad.

[0008] Furthermore, the sides of the ground beam and the edge column are provided with a plurality of holes as thick as a wrist, and the holes are used to facilitate the insertion of hands to carry out bolt connection and disassembly between the precast concrete pad and the ground beam and the edge column.

[0009] Furthermore, the lateral support frame includes two vertically arranged I-shaped steel columns and a T-shaped short beam connecting the two I-shaped steel columns. The T-shaped short beam is fixedly connected to the top of the I-shaped steel column. The I-shaped steel column is provided with multiple groups of bolt holes along the height direction. The sliding clamping device is bolted to the I-shaped steel column.

[0010] Furthermore, the sliding clamping device is two pulley groups arranged opposite to each other on the inner side of the lateral support frame, the pulley groups include a rubber wheel, a connecting rod, an axial rod, and three-sided enclosure plates, the rubber wheel is sleeved on the axial rod and the rubber wheel can rotate around the axial rod, the axial rod is fixed on the rubber wheel base, the rubber wheel base is connected to the three-sided enclosure plates through the connecting rod, the three-sided enclosure plates are fixed on the lateral support frame, and the connecting rod is threadedly connected to the rubber wheel base and the three-sided enclosure plates.

[0011] Furthermore, the sliding clamping device is fixed to the lateral support frame by bolts.

[0012] Furthermore, a connecting plate is provided at one end of the loading beam.

[0013] The present invention also provides a method for using a wall horizontal loading test device. When in use, the ground beam is fixed on the ground, and a constraint frame is composed of the loading beam, the ground beam and two edge columns. The assembled constraint frame is used to clamp and constrain the wall on all sides; the lateral support frame is assembled according to the size of the constraint frame, the constraint frame passes through the middle of the lateral support frame, and the bottom of the lateral support frame is fixed to the ground. At the same time, the sliding clamping device on the lateral support frame clamps the loading beam to ensure that the wall is displaced within the wall plane.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0015] The invention provides a wall horizontal loading test device, which can be used to perform horizontal loading tests on reinforced concrete walls and masonry walls, wherein the loading beam and the ground beam in the constraint frame can serve as the upper reinforcement beam and the lower ground beam cast in the reinforced concrete wall, and the constraint frame can have a hoop effect on the wall, thereby simulating the constraint effect of the beams and columns and other components around the wall on the wall in actual engineering use, so that the experimental research on the horizontal loading of the wall can be more refined and closer to the actual engineering; at the same time, through the cooperation between the sliding clamping device on the lateral support frame and the constraint frame, it can be more convenient and flexible to ensure that the wall is freely displaced in the plane, and at the same time, the displacement of the wall out of the plane can be limited, so that the test is always carried out in the plane, and the invention eliminates the complicated work of casting the loading beam on the upper part of the reinforced concrete wall and casting the ground beam at the bottom of the wall, simplifies the test process, and saves the test cost.

[0016] Furthermore, the hinged plate of the present invention is connected to the loading beam, the ground beam and the edge column by bolts. The installation position of the edge column on the loading beam and the ground beam can be changed by adjusting the bolt connection position of the hinged plate on the loading beam and the ground beam, so that the size of the constraint frame can be adjusted according to the width of the wall.

[0017] Furthermore, the connection lengths at both ends of the connecting rod in the pulley block of the present invention are adjustable, and the distance between the rubber wheel and the three-sided enclosure can be controlled, so that the two rubber wheels can be clamped on the restraining frame, which is flexible and convenient to use.

[0018] Furthermore, in the present invention, all components are connected by bolts or pins, and the structure is simple, the use is simple, and the assembly and disassembly is convenient. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the appearance of the loading device;

[0020] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the restraint frame.

[0021] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the lateral support frame.

[0022] Figure 4 It is a detailed schematic diagram of the pulley assembly in the lateral support frame.

[0023] In the figure, 1. connecting plate, 2. loading beam, 3. ground beam, 4. edge column, 5. I-shaped column, 6. T-shaped short beam, 7. pulley block, 8. hinged plate, 9. pin, 10. rubber wheel, 11. connecting rod, 12. axial rod, 13 three-sided enclosure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0025] like Figure 1 As shown, the device is divided into two parts, the first part is a restraining frame, and the second part is a lateral supporting frame. The restraining frame passes through the middle of the two lateral supporting frames. There are at least two lateral supporting frames and the two lateral supporting frames need to be arranged in parallel.

[0026] A sliding clamping device is arranged on the lateral support frame, and the sliding clamping device clamps the constraint frame, so that the constraint frame performs horizontal displacement in the plane of the wall surface, and limits the displacement of the constraint frame out of the plane of the wall.

[0027] like Figure 2 As shown, the restraint frame includes an upper loading beam 2, a lower ground beam 3 and two edge columns 4 arranged in parallel between the loading beam 2 and the ground beam 3, the two edge columns 4 are respectively arranged on the left and right sides of the loading beam 2, the loading beam 2, the ground beam 3 and the edge columns 4 are respectively bolted with hinged plates 8, the positions of the hinged plates 8 on the loading beam 2 and the ground beam 3 are adjustable, and the hinged connection between the loading beam 2, the ground beam 3 and the two edge columns 4 is realized by pins 9 between the hinged plates 8.

[0028] Preferably, the present invention can adjust the distance between the two edge columns 4 by adjusting the position of the hinged plate 8 on the loading beam 2 and the ground beam 3. By adjusting the distance between the two edge columns 4, the constraint frame can adapt to different wall widths. Precast concrete pads can also be inserted between the wall and the two edge columns 4 to achieve a width fine-tuning function, thereby adapting to dimensional errors caused by wall manufacturing and test use.

[0029] Preferably, the height of the edge column 4 is determined according to the height of the general wall test component, and its height generally does not change. When the height of the edge column 4 is too high, the height of the edge column 4 can be adapted by inserting a precast concrete block with pre-embedded bolts between the wall and the ground beam 3;

[0030] Preferably, the edge columns 4 can also be determined to have several commonly used heights according to the current general wall test dimensions, that is, it is necessary to design multiple pairs of edge columns 4 of commonly used height dimensions to adapt to walls of different heights and facilitate replacement during testing.

[0031] Preferably, a connecting plate 1 is welded to one end of the loading beam 2 to facilitate connection with a loading machine such as a hydraulic press in a laboratory.

[0032] Preferably, the inner sides of the ground beams 3 and edge columns 4 in the restraining frame in contact with the wall are provided with a plurality of bolt holes, and the bolt holes are used to realize the bolt connection with the embedded bolt rods in the precast concrete pads.

[0033] Preferably, holes as thick as a wrist are provided on the outer sides of the ground beam 3 and the edge column 4 of the restraining frame which are not in contact with the wall, so that a person can conveniently reach in to disassemble and assemble the bolts.

[0034] like Figure 3 As shown, the lateral support frame includes two I-shaped steel columns 5 perpendicular to the ground and a T-shaped short beam 6. The two I-shaped steel columns 5 are vertically fixed on the ground and parallel to each other. The T-shaped short beam 6 is fixed to the top of the two I-shaped steel columns 5 by bolts. The two I-shaped steel columns 5 are respectively fixed with a pulley block 7 by bolts. The two pulley blocks 7 are arranged opposite to each other, and the height of the two pulley blocks 7 is the same as the height of the loading beam 2. The two pulley blocks 7 clamp the loading beam 2 to control the movement direction of the wall surface;

[0035] Preferably, a plurality of bolt holes are provided on the I-shaped steel column 5 of the lateral support frame along the height direction, so as to facilitate adjusting the position of the pulley block 7 according to the height of the loading beam 2, and also facilitate adding the pulley block 7 to clamp the wall.

[0036] The specific structure of the pulley block 7 is as follows: Figure 4 As shown, it includes a rubber wheel 10, a connecting rod 11, an axial rod 12, and three-sided panels 13, wherein the rubber wheel 10 is sleeved on the axial rod 12 and the rubber wheel 10 can rotate around the axial rod 12, the axial rod 12 is set on the rubber wheel base, the rubber wheel base is connected to the three-sided panels 13 through the connecting rod 11, the three-sided panels 13 are fixed to the I-shaped column by bolts, and the rolling direction of the rubber wheel 10 is the same as the movement direction of the constraint frame.

[0037] Preferably, connecting threads are provided at both ends of the connecting rod 11, and the two ends of the connecting rod 11 are respectively bolted to the rubber wheel base and the three-sided enclosure 13. The distance between the two opposing pulley sets 7 is adjusted by adjusting the threaded connection distance at both ends of the connecting rod 11 to ensure that the restraint frame is tightened.

[0038] Among them, the pulley block 7 has multiple installation positions on the I-shaped steel column 5, and multiple pulley blocks 7 facing each other can be installed on the I-shaped steel column 5 along the height. While the two pulley blocks 7 at the top clamp the loading beam 2, the two pulley blocks 7 in the middle can also clamp the wall, so as to better constrain the constraint frame and the wall within the plane.

[0039] Preferably, the components of the restraining frame, the lateral support frame and the pulley block in the present invention are all made of steel.

[0040] The method for using the wall horizontal loading test device provided by the present invention is as follows:

[0041] When conducting a horizontal loading test on reinforced concrete walls and masonry walls, when in use, first fix the ground beam 3 on the ground, then select the installation position of the edge column 5 on the ground beam 3 and the loading beam 2 according to the width of the wall, and judge whether it is necessary to add precast concrete blocks between the wall and the ground beam 3 and between the wall and the edge column 4 according to the installation measurement. If it is necessary to add, first bolt the precast concrete pad to the ground beam 3, then place the wall on the top of the precast concrete pad at the bottom, and then install the edge column 4 with the precast concrete pad installed on the inner side on both sides of the ground beam 3 to clamp the wall;

[0042] At the same time, the lateral support frame formed by the I-shaped steel column 5 and the T-shaped short beam 6 is set on the corresponding position of the constraint frame (at least 2 are set) and the bottom of the I-shaped steel column 5 is fixed with bolts, and then a set of pulley blocks 7 with adjusted relative spacing are installed in the middle of the lateral support frame to clamp the wall, and finally the loading beam 2 is installed to clamp the wall, and at the same time, another set of pulley blocks 7 is installed on the lateral support frame at the height of the loading beam 2 to clamp the loading beam 2, and the installation of the experimental device is completed;

[0043] A loading machine such as a hydraulic press is connected to the connecting plate 1 at the end of the loading beam 2 by bolts to perform a horizontal force loading test. During the test, the wall and the restraining frame will undergo horizontal displacement in the plane, driving the rubber wheel 10 to roll.

[0044] At present, the horizontal loading test of reinforced concrete wall is generally performed by casting reinforced concrete beams on the top of the wall to act as loading components, and casting reinforced concrete ground beams at the bottom of the wall as components for fixing the wall. In the present invention, reusable loading beams 2 and ground beams 3 are set to act as loading components and fixing components. Since the four-point hinged constraint frame itself is a geometrically variable system, although it cannot bear the load, it has a hoop constraint effect on the wall. When a loading machine is used to horizontally load the loading beam 2 in the constraint frame through the connecting plate 1, the constraint frame can transfer the horizontal load to the wall through the hoop effect, while ensuring that the horizontal load borne by the constraint frame itself is negligible compared with the horizontal load borne by the wall, thereby realizing the loading function of the loading beam 2 on the wall and the fixing function of the ground beam 3 on the wall, solving the complicated work of casting loading beams and ground beams in the current horizontal loading test of the wall, simplifying the difficulty of component manufacturing, and saving component manufacturing cost and manufacturing time; more importantly, the hoop constraint effect of the constraint frame can also simulate the constraint effect of the beams and columns around the wall on the wall itself in actual engineering, so that the test data obtained is more in line with engineering reality, making the shear test research on the wall, especially the seismic test research under repeated horizontal earthquakes, more precise and accurate.

[0045] Preferably, the device of the present invention can carry out static loading tests on steel plate shear walls and single-layer frames after partial modification. When in use, it is only necessary to remove the two edge columns 4. For the static loading test on the steel plate shear wall, it is only necessary to bolt the upper part of the steel plate shear wall to the loading beam 2 and the lower part of the steel plate shear wall to the ground beam 3. At the same time, the edge columns 4 on both sides are removed, and the pulley group on the lateral support frame clamps the loading beam 2, so that the loading beam can be horizontally loaded and vertically loaded. This device can also carry out static loading tests on single-layer frames. When in use, it is only necessary to remove the edge columns 4 on both sides, and at the same time install steel pads at the position of the bottom of the loading beam 2 corresponding to the column of the single-layer frame, and clamp the pulley group 7 on the lateral support frame to the beam and column top of the single-layer frame, so that the loading beam can be horizontally loaded and vertically loaded.

Claims

1. A wall horizontal loading test device, characterized in that: The invention comprises a restraining frame and at least two lateral support frames, wherein the restraining frame passes through the middle of the lateral support frames and the lateral support frames are arranged in parallel with each other; the restraining frame comprises a loading beam (2), a ground beam (3) and two edge columns (4), wherein the two edge columns (4) are respectively arranged at the left and right edges of the loading beam (2), and the loading beam (2) is connected to the ground beam (3) via the two edge columns (4) to obtain a rectangular restraining frame, wherein the rectangular restraining frame is used to clamp the four sides of the wall to perform hoop restraint, and a plurality of sliding clamping devices are arranged on the inner side of the lateral support frames, wherein the sliding clamping devices are used to control the movement direction of the restraining frame; The lower end surface of the loading beam (2), the upper end surface of the ground beam (3) and the end surfaces of both ends of the edge columns (4) are all connected with hinged plates (8); the hinged plates (8) of the loading beam (2) and the hinged plates (8) on the ground beam (3) are arranged at corresponding positions; pins (9) are arranged between the hinged plates (8) for realizing the hinged connection of the loading beam (2), the ground beam (3) and the two edge columns (4); The hinged plate (8) is fixed to the loading beam (2) and the ground beam (3) by means of bolts, the hinged plate (8) is welded to the end surfaces of both ends of the edge column (4), and the position of the hinged plate (8) fixed to the loading beam (2) and the ground beam (3) is adjustable; The lateral support frame comprises two vertically arranged I-shaped steel columns (5) and a T-shaped short beam (6) connecting the two I-shaped steel columns (5), the T-shaped short beam (6) being fixedly connected to the top of the I-shaped steel column (5), the I-shaped steel column (5) being provided with a plurality of groups of bolt holes along the height direction, and the sliding clamping device being bolt-connected to the I-shaped steel column (5); The sliding clamping device is two pulley blocks (7) arranged opposite to each other on the inner side of the lateral support frame, the pulley block (7) comprises a rubber wheel (10), a connecting rod (11), an axial rod (12), and three-sided enclosure plates (13), the rubber wheel (10) is sleeved on the axial rod (12) and the rubber wheel (10) can rotate around the axial rod (12), the axial rod (12) is fixed to the rubber wheel base, the rubber wheel base is connected to the three-sided enclosure plates (13) through the connecting rod (11), the three-sided enclosure plates (13) are fixed to the lateral support frame, and the connecting rod (11) is threadedly connected to the rubber wheel base and the three-sided enclosure plates (13).

2. A wall horizontal loading test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Bolt holes are provided on the inner sides of the ground beam (3) and the edge column (4), and the bolt holes are used for bolting with pre-embedded bolt rods in the precast concrete pad.

3. A wall horizontal loading test device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The sides of the ground beam (3) and the edge column (4) are provided with a plurality of holes as thick as a wrist, and the holes are used to facilitate a person's hands to reach in and carry out bolt connection and disassembly between the precast concrete pad and the ground beam (3) and the edge column (4).

4. A wall horizontal loading test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sliding clamping device is fixed on the lateral support frame by bolts.

5. A wall horizontal loading test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A connecting plate (1) is provided at one end of the loading beam (2).

6. The method for using the wall horizontal loading test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: When in use, the ground beam (3) is fixed on the ground, and a restraining frame is formed by using the loading beam (2), the ground beam (3) and two edge columns (4). The assembled restraining frame is used to clamp and restrain the four sides of the wall. The lateral support frame is assembled according to the size of the restraining frame, and the restraining frame passes through the middle of the lateral support frame. The bottom of the lateral support frame is fixed on the ground, and at the same time, the sliding clamping device on the lateral support frame clamps the loading beam (2) to ensure that the wall is displaced within the wall plane.

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