A power box for electric wheeled engineering machinery

Abstract

The invention discloses a power box for electric wheeled engineering machinery, which includes a gearbox, a transfer box, and a power output box; the transfer box is located at the upper part of the gearbox; the power output box is located at the lower part of the gearbox; a box cover is installed on the gearbox and the transfer box; a hydraulic pump PTO interface and a variable speed pump PTO interface are provided on the transfer box; a front axle drive interface is provided on one side of the power output box, and a rear axle drive interface is provided on the other side. The power box can integrate the working device hydraulic pump motor, travel drive motor, hydraulic pump PTO transfer box, gearbox and front and rear outputs into an integrated power assembly, and directly replace the traditional engine, torque converter and hydraulic transmission gearbox without changing the structure and oil circuit of the traditional engineering vehicle; the power assembly can meet the independent drive of the working device hydraulic pump and steering pump and the travel of the engineering machinery, and can realize forward and backward movement by using the reverse rotation of the motor driven by the motor, replacing the complex transmission reversing mechanism.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to electric wheel construction machinery, and particularly relates to a power box for electric wheel construction machinery. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, various electric vehicle technologies have gradually become mature and reliable. In particular, the consumption of economical electric vehicle products has been increasing year by year, and the market acceptance has been very remarkable. With the upgrading of environmental protection policy regulation, the country's requirements for ecological environment protection have become higher and higher. Construction machinery enterprises must also take the initiative in energy conservation and emission reduction and complete industrial upgrading as soon as possible. Especially in some specific working environments such as municipal, port, and underground operations, relevant departments have set zero-emission thresholds for construction machinery to be introduced into the site.

[0003] Electric vehicles have driven the core components and technologies such as motors, batteries, electronic controls, and fast charging and discharging to become increasingly mature. The development and application of electric construction machinery is an inevitable trend.

[0004] As a general construction machinery, electric wheel construction machinery is used in a very wide range of fields, such as farmland renovation, engineering construction, factories and mines, ports, etc. At present, the mainstream electric wheel construction machinery in China still uses traditional internal combustion engines as power, and the transmission methods are hydrodynamic mechanical transmission and hydraulic transmission. Its disadvantages are poor fuel economy and high pollution emissions.

[0005] Electric wheel construction machinery powered by electric energy and with an electric motor as the power has strong load adaptability, convenient operation, energy conservation and environmental protection. At present, there are mainly two transmission types of existing electric wheel construction machinery on the market. One is to replace the engine with a single motor and use the existing hydrodynamic mechanical transmission gearbox. The advantages are compact structure and low cost, and the disadvantages are low transmission efficiency and inability to effectively utilize electric energy.

[0006] The other is to use two motors. One motor drives the working device hydraulic pump, and the other motor drives the travel. The two motors are placed independently, which brings difficulties to the layout and maintenance of the whole machine.

[0007] As the core component of the power assembly of electric wheel construction machinery is the power box. Both the traditional box and the existing electric box are connected with a single motor, and dual-motor integrated assembly cannot be realized. In addition, the power box can be produced as a product with independent functions. Therefore, the present invention proposes to protect a power box for electric wheel construction machinery to adapt to the installation layout and working requirements of electric wheel construction machinery, and directly replace the traditional engine, torque converter and hydrodynamic transmission gearbox with a dual-motor, hybrid fuel-electricity, range-extended power assembly. Summary of the Invention

[0008] Aiming at the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a highly integrated power housing for electric wheeled construction machinery, which can independently drive the hydraulic pump and steering pump of the working device, and the walking drive motor can also independently drive the electric wheeled construction machinery to walk, achieving the purpose of compact structure, convenient maintenance, low cost, enabling the electric wheeled construction machinery to obtain the best working performance, and improving work efficiency.

[0009] The present invention is realized as follows: A power housing for electric wheeled construction machinery, characterized in that: the power housing includes a gearbox for installing a walking power input mechanism and a speed change and shift mechanism, and a set of opposite or adjacent sides of the gearbox are the vehicle assembly reference planes; a power take-off box for installing a working device power unit; and a power output box for installing a power output mechanism; the power take-off box is located above the gearbox; the power output box is located below the gearbox; and the gearbox, the power take-off box and the power output box are in a connected structure inside the housing; the same side of the gearbox and the power take-off box is an open structure, and a box cover is installed on the open side; on the opposite side of the box cover, the power take-off box is provided with a hydraulic pump PTO interface, and a speed change pump PTO interface is provided below or above the hydraulic pump PTO; one side of the gearbox is provided with a walking drive motor installation interface for installing a walking drive motor; a parking brake installation seat for installing a parking brake is provided on the gearbox; a shift control valve installation interface is provided on the gearbox; one side of the power output box is provided with a front axle drive interface, and the other side is provided with a rear axle drive interface.

[0010] Preferably, the power take-off box and the power output box are arranged diagonally, symmetrically or on the same side with respect to the gearbox.

[0011] Preferably, the power take-off box on the opposite side of the box cover is provided with three PTO interfaces for hydraulic pumps; the upper left hydraulic pump PTO interface and the upper right hydraulic pump PTO interface are used to install the working device hydraulic pump and the steering hydraulic pump, and the lower middle hydraulic pump PTO interface is the speed change pump PTO interface.

[0012] Preferably, two hydraulic pump PTO interfaces are arranged on the same horizontal center line; the speed change pump PTO interface is arranged on the vertical center line between the two working device hydraulic pump PTO interfaces.

[0013] Preferably, the walking drive motor installation interface and the hydraulic pump PTO device interface on the power take-off box are on the same side or different sides.

[0014] Preferably, at least two shaft holes are provided in the gearbox. The number of shaft holes provided in the gearbox is determined according to the power transmission device installed, and two shaft holes are provided in this embodiment.

[0015] Preferably, the bottom of the power output box is provided with supporting feet.

[0016] On the side of the power take-off box, there are also electrical component mounting holes for installing speed detectors; at the lower part of the power take-off box, there is an oil suction filter interface; an oil suction filter is installed on the oil suction filter interface; the power take-off box is provided with an oil filling hole and an oil draining hole; wherein the oil draining hole is arranged at the bottom of the power take-off box; an oil level observation hole is also provided on the power take-off box.

[0017] Advantages and technical effects of the present invention: This power box body can integrate the working device hydraulic pump motor, the traveling drive motor, the hydraulic pump PTO transfer case, the gearbox, and the front and rear outputs, etc. into one. Adopting this kind of structural layout can achieve directly replacing the traditional engine, torque converter, and gearbox without changing the structure and oil circuit of the traditional engineering vehicle. The power box body of the present invention is used for power assembly, that is, directly using the electric energy of the power battery and taking the motor as the power, which can meet the requirements of economy, power performance, and comfort of electric wheeled construction machinery. It is an ideal transmission form; the motor has a wide stepless speed regulation range, good starting characteristics, and high transmission efficiency. The motor and the two-speed power shift transmission are integrated into a power assembly, which can take into account the traction force and vehicle speed requirements of the construction machinery according to the working characteristics of the construction machinery. It can meet the independent drive of the working device hydraulic pump and the steering pump, and the traveling drive motor can also independently drive the construction machinery to travel. For a construction machinery vehicle that needs to frequently move forward and backward during work, using an electric drive can achieve forward and backward movement by using the reverse rotation of the motor, replacing the complex reversing mechanism; the present invention can achieve the purposes of compact structure, convenient maintenance, low cost, enabling the construction machinery to obtain the best working performance, and improving work efficiency. Using the above-mentioned power box body can be assembled into a dual-motor drive power assembly, a hybrid power assembly, and an extended-range power assembly, and further can meet the independent drive of the working device hydraulic pump and the steering pump, and the traveling motor can also independently drive the loader to travel. Description of the Drawings

[0018] Figure 1 is the structural schematic diagram of Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 is the internal structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 3 is the structural schematic diagram in which the transfer case and the power take-off box are symmetrically arranged relative to the gearbox;

[0021] Figure 4 is the structural schematic diagram in which the transfer case and the power take-off box are arranged on the same side relative to the gearbox;

[0022] Figure 5 is the structural schematic diagram of the dual-motor power assembly of the application embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the dual-motor powertrain in the application embodiment.

[0024] In the figure: 100, power housing; 110, transmission; 120, transfer case; 130, power output box; 131, front axle drive interface; 132, rear axle drive interface; 140, assembly reference plane; 160, oil suction filter interface; 170, oil filling hole; 180, oil drain hole; 190, support feet; 210, working device power unit; 211, working device drive motor; 212, working power input shaft; 213, working power driving gear; 214, variable speed pump; 215, working driven gear; 216, working driven shaft; 217, hydraulic pump PTO interface; 218, variable speed pump PTO interface; 220, traveling power unit; 221, traveling drive motor mounting interface; 222, parking brake mounting seat; 223, traveling drive motor; 224, traveling power input mechanism; 224-1, power input shaft; 224-2, high-speed gear driving gear; 224-3, low-speed gear driving gear; 225, speed change shifting mechanism; 225-1, shifting shaft; 225-2, high-speed gear driven gear; 225-3, low-speed gear driven gear; 225-4, high gear clutch; 225-5, low gear clutch; 225-6, output driving gear; 226, control valve mounting interface; 227, shift control valve; 228, power output mechanism; 228-1, traveling power output shaft; 228-2, output driven gear; 300, cover. Detailed implementation manners

[0025] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer and more understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0026] Please refer to Figures 1 to 2, a power housing for an electric wheeled construction machinery. The power housing 100 includes a gearbox 110 for installing a traveling power input mechanism 224 and a speed change and shift mechanism 225. A set of opposite or adjacent sides of the gearbox are the vehicle assembly reference planes 140. The design of this reference plane ensures the installation accuracy of the power assembly and improves the installation efficiency, laying a foundation for quickly replacing the engine. A transfer case 120 is used for installing a working device power unit 210. And a power output box 130 is used for connecting the front axle and the rear axle of the engineering vehicle. The transfer case 120 is located above the gearbox. The power output box 130 is located below the gearbox. And the gearbox, the transfer case, and the power output box are of a connected structure within the housing. The same side of the gearbox and the transfer case is an open structure, and a box cover 300 is installed on its open side. The gearbox is provided with a traveling drive motor installation interface 221 for installing a traveling drive motor. A parking brake installation seat 222 for installing a parking brake is provided on the gearbox. Preferably, the parking brake installation seat 222 is arranged on the opposite side of the traveling drive motor installation interface. A shift control valve installation interface 226 is provided on the opposite side of the traveling drive motor corresponding to the position of the speed change and shift mechanism. One side of the power output box 130 is provided with a front axle drive interface 131, and the other side is provided with a rear axle drive interface 132. An electrical component installation hole for installing a component for detecting the rotational speed is also provided on the side of the power output box. An oil suction filter interface 160 is provided at the lower part of the power output box. An oil suction filter is installed on the oil suction filter interface. An oil filling hole 170 and an oil drain hole 180 are provided on the power output box. The oil drain hole is arranged at the bottom of the power output box. An oil level observation hole is also provided on the power output box. The transfer case is provided with a hydraulic pump PTO interface 217, and the hydraulic pump PTO interface is used for installing a working device hydraulic pump and a steering hydraulic pump. A transmission pump PTO interface 218 is provided below the hydraulic pump PTO.

[0027] The purpose of arranging the transfer case above is as follows: The torque converter in the hydraulic transmission gearbox in the prior art is omitted, and the position of the working device drive motor occupies the space position of the torque converter in the above-mentioned prior art hydraulic transmission gearbox. The working device drive motor drives the working device hydraulic pump PTO device through the gear pair in the transfer case. The position of the working device hydraulic pump PTO device in the present invention is exactly the same as that of the working device hydraulic pump PTO device in the prior art hydraulic transmission gearbox. Without making any adjustment to the pipeline layout of the whole machine's working device and steering system, the purpose of quick replacement can be achieved.

[0028] The purpose of setting the transmission in the middle is as follows: The transmission of the present invention can achieve power shifting between high and low gears. As a whole, the transmission occupies a relatively large space position in the power assembly, and its position is the same as that of the existing hydrodynamic transmission transmission. Since the traveling drive motor can rotate forward and backward, compared with the existing hydrodynamic transmission transmission, the transmission of the present invention does not need to be provided with a reverse gear mechanism. Only a speed change and shift mechanism and a power output mechanism connecting the speed change and shift mechanism are provided in the transmission, making its mechanism simpler and more compact. Since the reverse gear mechanism is omitted, the cost is reduced on the premise of ensuring the function. At the same time, the risk points of failures are reduced and the reliability is improved. In addition, compared with the traditional hydrodynamic transmission transmission, the number of gear pairs is reduced, the transmission efficiency is improved, and the energy loss is reduced.

[0029] Preferably in this embodiment, the power output box is arranged at the lower part and is diagonally arranged with the transfer case. Applying it to the existing electric wheel type construction machinery with a fuel engine, the purpose is: The power output device can output the power of the transmission to the front and rear drive axles of the vehicle; it is in the same space position as the power output device in the existing hydrodynamic transmission transmission, so that the drive shafts and drive axles of the existing vehicle do not need to be adjusted or changed at all, and the purpose of quick replacement can be achieved. The present invention can be applied to different wheel type construction machinery according to actual needs, such as wheel loaders, wheel excavators, graders, wheel bulldozers, etc. The transfer case and the power output box can also be symmetrically arranged (see Figure 3 ), or arranged on the same side (see Figure 4 ).

[0030] The advantage of the relative arrangement of the traveling drive motor and the working device drive motor is that: compared with the existing articulated frame electric wheel type construction machinery, it not only avoids interference with the rear axle housing, but also makes full use of the space above the articulation point of the front and rear frames of the electric wheel type construction machinery. At the same time, this arrangement is conducive to the installation, disassembly, maintenance and repair of the traveling drive motor and the transmission, and solves the problem of difficult maintenance of the transmission form of the existing dual-motor electric wheel type construction machinery.

[0031] In summary, the present invention adopts the above-described integrally arranged box body; two motors are integrally installed on the same box body. Among them, the working device driving motor drives the working device hydraulic pump and the steering hydraulic pump respectively through the transfer case, and can also drive the brake pump and the transmission pump; the traveling driving motor outputs power to the power driving device through the gearbox, and then transmits the power to the front and rear drive axles to realize the forward, backward and traveling of the vehicle; the present invention solves the disadvantages of low transmission efficiency of single-motor drive and unreasonable utilization of electric energy in the construction machinery field that requires both power for traveling and hydraulic power output; at the same time, without changing the existing vehicle space, drive shafts, drive axles and other transmission components and the layout of hydraulic pipelines, by adopting the double-motor integrated layout of the present invention, the engine, torque converter and hydraulic transmission gearbox that constitute the vehicle power assembly can be directly replaced; furthermore, the space of the original engine can be vacated for arranging more power battery packs and electrical control components; at the same time, the present invention also solves the difficulties brought by the double-motor independent layout in the overall layout and maintenance of the whole machine.

[0032] Preferably, three PTO interfaces for hydraulic pumps are provided on the transfer case on the opposite side of the box cover; the upper left hydraulic pump PTO interface and the upper right hydraulic pump PTO interface are used to install the working device hydraulic pump and the steering hydraulic pump, and the lower middle hydraulic pump PTO interface is the PTO interface for the transmission pump.

[0033] Preferably, two PTO interfaces for hydraulic pumps are located on the same horizontal center line; the PTO interface for the transmission pump is located on the vertical center line between the two PTO interfaces for the working device hydraulic pumps.

[0034] Preferably, the installation interface of the traveling driving motor and the PTO device interface of the hydraulic pump on the transfer case are located on the same side or different sides.

[0035] Preferably, at least two shaft holes are provided in the gearbox;

[0036] Preferably, support feet 137 are provided at the bottom of the power output box for support and leveling.

[0037] For application embodiments, please refer to Figure 5 and Figure 6 , a double-motor power assembly, including a power box body 100 and a power unit installed on the box body; wherein the power unit includes a working device power unit 210 for providing power input for driving the hydraulic pump for the braking, steering and lubrication of the attachments during the operation of the electric loader; a traveling power unit 220 for providing power input for the driving, reversing and accelerating of the vehicle.

[0038] The working device power unit 210 includes a working device drive motor 211, which is connected to a working power input shaft 212 installed in the transfer case. A working power driving gear 213 is installed on the working power input shaft. A variable speed pump 214 is coaxially installed on the working power input shaft outside the transfer case. The working power driving gear is connected to at least one working driven gear 215 through a gear pair. The working driven gear is installed on a corresponding working driven shaft 216, and the working driven shaft is installed on the transfer case through a support bearing.

[0039] On the opposite side of the working device drive motor, the gearbox is provided with a traveling drive motor mounting interface 221. On the parking brake mounting seat 222 of the gearbox on the opposite side of the traveling drive motor mounting interface, a parking brake is provided for installation. The parking brake is used to ensure the safety of the vehicle when parked. The working principle of the parking brake belongs to known technology and is not the inventive point of the present invention, so it will not be elaborated here.

[0040] The traveling power unit 220 includes a traveling drive motor 223 installed on the traveling drive motor mounting interface; a traveling power input mechanism 224 connected to the traveling drive motor, and the traveling power input mechanism is arranged on the upper layer of the gearbox; a speed change and shift mechanism 225 connected to the traveling power input mechanism, and the speed change and shift mechanism is arranged on the lower layer of the gearbox; a shift control valve 227 is installed on a shift control valve mounting interface 226 on the opposite side of the traveling drive motor corresponding to the position of the speed change and shift mechanism; a power output mechanism 228 connected to the speed change and shift mechanism, and the power output mechanism is arranged in the power output box; the front axle drive interface 131 of the power output box is connected to the front axle through a drive shaft to drive the front wheels of the vehicle to rotate: the rear axle drive interface 132 is connected to the rear axle through a drive shaft to drive the rear wheels of the vehicle to rotate.

[0041] In this embodiment, the traveling power input mechanism 224 adopts a traveling fixed-axis gear pair to connect the speed change and shift mechanism; the traveling fixed-axis gear pair includes a power input shaft 224-1 installed in the upper part of the gearbox, and a high-speed gear driving gear 224-2 and a low-speed gear driving gear 224-3 are installed on the power input shaft in the gearbox.

[0042] In this embodiment, the speed-changing and gear-shifting mechanism 225 adopts a fixed-axis speed-changing gear pair; the fixed-axis speed-changing gear pair includes a gear-shifting shaft 225-1, and the gear-shifting shaft is installed in the gearbox through a support bearing; on the gear-shifting shaft, there are installed a high-speed gear driven gear 225-2 and a low-speed gear driven gear 225-3 that mesh with the high-speed gear driving gear 224-5 and the low-speed gear driving gear 224-6 respectively. On the gear-shifting shaft, there are installed a high-speed gear clutch 225-4 and a low-speed gear clutch 225-5; at the end of the gear-shifting shaft, there is installed a gear-shifting control valve 227 for controlling the high-speed gear clutch and the low-speed gear clutch to achieve gear shifting; on the gear-shifting shaft, there is also installed an output driving gear 225-6 connected to the power output mechanism 228.

[0043] The power output mechanism 228 includes a traveling power output shaft 228-1, and the traveling power output shaft is installed in the power output box through bearing seats and bearings at both ends. On the traveling power output shaft, there is installed an output driven gear 228-2 that meshes with the output driving gear of the speed-changing and gear-shifting mechanism; at both ends of the power output shaft, there are installed connection flanges for the front axle drive and the rear axle drive.

[0044] In the above technical solution, preferably, the traveling power output shaft can adopt a through shaft; it can also adopt a split shaft, and a clutch is connected between the two split shafts. In this embodiment, a through shaft design is preferably adopted; for wheeled construction machinery that needs to disconnect the front axle power, a split shaft structure can be adopted.

[0045] This application embodiment adopts the above-mentioned integrally arranged box body; two motors are integrally installed on the same box body. Among them, the working device driving motor drives the working device hydraulic pump and the steering hydraulic pump respectively through a transfer case, and can also drive the brake pump and the speed-changing pump; the traveling driving motor outputs power to the power driving device through the gearbox, and then transmits the power to the front and rear drive axles to realize the forward, backward and traveling of the vehicle; the present invention solves the disadvantages of low transmission efficiency of single-motor drive and unreasonable utilization of electric energy in the field of construction machinery that requires both power for traveling and hydraulic power output; at the same time, without changing the transmission components such as the existing vehicle space, drive shaft, drive axle and the layout of hydraulic pipelines, by adopting the double-motor integrated layout of the present invention, the engine, torque converter and hydraulic transmission gearbox that constitute the vehicle power assembly can be directly replaced; furthermore, the space of the original engine can be vacated for arranging more power battery packs and electrical control components; at the same time, the present invention also solves the difficulties brought by the double-motor independent layout in the layout and maintenance of the whole machine in the prior art.

[0046] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A power box for electric wheeled engineering machinery, characterized in that: The power box body includes a gearbox for installing a travel power input mechanism and a speed change and shifting mechanism, a group of opposite or adjacent sides of the gearbox are the assembly reference planes of the whole vehicle; a transfer case for installing a working device power unit; and a power output box for installing a power output mechanism; the transfer case is located at the upper part of the gearbox; the power output box is located at the lower part of the gearbox; and the gearbox, the transfer case and the power output box are connected in the box body; the same side of the gearbox and the transfer case is an open structure, and a box cover is installed on the open side; a hydraulic pump PTO interface is provided on the transfer case on the opposite side of the box cover, and a speed change pump PTO interface is provided below or above the hydraulic pump PTO; a travel drive motor installation interface for installing a travel drive motor is provided on one side of the gearbox; a parking brake mounting seat for installing a parking brake is provided on the gearbox; a shift control valve installation interface is provided on the gearbox; a front axle drive interface is provided on one side of the power output box, and a rear axle drive interface is provided on the other side; The transfer case and the power output case are arranged diagonally, symmetrically or on the same side relative to the gearbox; The transfer case is provided with three PTO interfaces for hydraulic pumps on the opposite side of the case cover; the upper left hydraulic pump PTO interface and the upper right hydraulic pump PTO interface are used to install the working device hydraulic pump and the steering hydraulic pump, and the lower middle hydraulic pump PTO interface is a speed change pump PTO interface; The two hydraulic pump PTO interfaces are located on the same horizontal center line; the variable speed pump PTO interface is located on the vertical center line between the two working device hydraulic pump PTO interfaces; The travel drive motor installation interface and the hydraulic pump PTO device interface on the transfer case are located on the same side or on different sides.

2. The power box for electric wheeled engineering machinery according to claim 1, characterized in that: At least two shaft holes are arranged in the gearbox.

3. The power box for electric wheeled engineering machinery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the power output box is provided with supporting feet.

4. The power box for electric wheeled engineering machinery according to claim 1, characterized in that: A mounting hole for installing an electrical component for detecting the rotation speed is also provided on the side of the power output box; an oil suction filter interface is provided at the lower part of the power output box; an oil suction filter is installed on the oil suction filter interface; a refueling hole and an oil drain hole are provided on the power output box; wherein the oil drain hole is arranged at the bottom of the power output box; an oil level observation hole is also provided on the power output box.

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