A modified n-hexadecane hydrocarbon fuel and a control method thereof

Abstract

The present invention provides a modified n-hexadecane hydrocarbon fuel and a control method. The modified n-hexadecane hydrocarbon fuel comprises n-hexadecane and an additive, wherein the additive is triethylboron, triethylamine, or a triethylboron-triethylamine complex generated by a complexation reaction. The modified hydrocarbon fuel obtained by the method of the present invention has the advantages of stable physical form, no stratification, and good stability when in contact with air at room temperature. By controlling the chemical properties of hexadecane, the low-temperature ignition characteristics of the modified liquid hydrocarbon fuel can be efficiently regulated, and the operation is simple and practical. This invention solves the problem of difficult low-temperature ignition control of hydrocarbon fuels and can provide a solution to the ignition problem of advanced aircraft engines under harsh operating conditions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technology of the field of advanced aviation engine fuel, in particular to a modified n-hexadecane hydrocarbon fuel and a control method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Aircraft engines power aircraft, forming the heart of the aircraft and a crucial pillar of the aviation industry. They represent a country's technological prowess, industrial capabilities, and overall national strength, representing both a key and challenging area of ​​current Chinese aviation equipment development. They are also a strategically important component of major powers such as the United States, Russia, the United Kingdom, and France. However, the altitude at which aircraft ignition and restart occur at high altitudes significantly impacts flight performance. Generally, there are two main factors that determine the upper limit of this altitude. First, as altitude increases, insufficient engine thrust can lead to stall. Second, at high altitude, the operating conditions within the combustion chamber of a gas turbine engine are harsh, hindering stable fuel combustion. Specifically, at an altitude of 30,000 feet, the combustion chamber inlet reaches an extreme temperature of -20°C. Under these harsh conditions, the fuel's evaporation and reactivity are significantly reduced, making ignition and stable combustion within the combustion chamber difficult. In general, under these harsh operating conditions of low temperature and pressure, the ignition, stability, and combustion efficiency of hydrocarbon fuels are adversely affected by the relatively low air temperature and pressure within the combustion chamber. The minimum ignition energy and ignition delay increase dramatically, deteriorating fuel combustion characteristics and leading to poor ignition performance. The rates of most chemical reactions vary with temperature, decreasing exponentially with decreasing temperature. This temperature dependence significantly reduces fuel reaction rates, limiting high-altitude ignition reliability and lowering the flame stability limit. Effectively promoting low-temperature combustion of hydrocarbon fuels remains a pressing technical challenge. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a modified n-hexadecane hydrocarbon fuel and a control method to address the problems existing in the prior art. The invention solves the problem of difficulty in controlling the low-temperature ignition of hydrocarbon fuels and can provide a solution to the ignition problem of advanced aircraft engines under harsh operating conditions.

[0004] The object of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0005] A modified n-hexadecane hydrocarbon fuel comprises n-hexadecane and additives.

[0006] As a further technical solution, the additive is triethylboron, triethylamine, or a triethylboron-triethylamine complex formed by a complexation reaction. Hexadecane is used as the base hydrocarbon fuel, and the triethylboron-triethylamine complex obtained by the complexation reaction is used as the additive. Uniform mixing of the base hydrocarbon fuel and the additive effectively reduces the ignition temperature of the hydrocarbon fuel while also reducing its ignition delay time. The modified cycloalkane hydrocarbon fuel is a mixed fuel of hexadecane and triethylboron-triethylamine.

[0007] As a further technical solution, the volume fraction of n-hexadecane is 97%-99%, and the volume fraction of the additives is 1%-3%.

[0008] As a further technical solution, the volume fraction of n-hexadecane is 97%, and the volume fractions of the additives are 3%.

[0009] As a further technical solution, the volume fraction of n-hexadecane is 98%, and the volume fractions of the additives are 2%.

[0010] As a further technical solution, the volume fraction of n-hexadecane is 99%, and the volume fraction of the additives is 1%.

[0011] As a further technical solution, in the triethylboron-triethylamine complex produced by the complexation reaction, the volume percentage of triethylamine is 56%, and the volume percentage of triethylboron is 44%.

[0012] A method for regulating and controlling modified n-hexadecane hydrocarbon fuel, the method comprising:

[0013] Step 1: Add n-hexadecane to a fuel tank protected by nitrogen, with a volume percentage of 97%-99%;

[0014] Step 2: Add triethylboron to the fuel tank to which n-hexadecane has been added, with a volume percentage of 1% to 3%;

[0015] Step 3: Evenly mix the liquid in the fuel tank by magnetic stirring.

[0016] A method for regulating and controlling modified n-hexadecane hydrocarbon fuel, the method comprising:

[0017] Step 1: Add n-hexadecane to a fuel tank protected by nitrogen, with a volume percentage of 97%-99%;

[0018] Step 2: adding triethylamine to the fuel tank to which n-hexadecane has been added, with the volume percentage being 1%-3%;

[0019] Step 3: Evenly mix the liquid in the fuel tank by magnetic stirring.

[0020] A method for regulating and controlling modified n-hexadecane hydrocarbon fuel, the method comprising:

[0021] Step 1: Add triethylamine to a fuel tank protected by nitrogen, with a volume percentage of 56%;

[0022] Step 2: slowly and gradually add triethylboron to the fuel tank to which triethylamine has been added, with a volume percentage of 44%;

[0023] Step 3: Using magnetic stirring to allow triethylamine and triethylboron in the fuel tank to fully undergo complexation reaction, the reaction time is 30 minutes;

[0024] Step 4: Add n-hexadecane to an empty fuel tank protected by nitrogen, with a volume percentage of 97%-99%;

[0025] Step 5: Add the prepared triethylboron-triethylamine complex to the fuel tank to which n-hexadecane has been added, with a volume percentage of 1%-3%;

[0026] Step 6: Evenly mix the liquid in the fuel tank by magnetic stirring.

[0027] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0028] 1. The modified hydrocarbon fuel obtained by the method of the present invention has the advantages of stable physical form, no stratification, and good stability when in contact with air at room temperature. By regulating the chemical properties of hexadecane, the low-temperature ignition characteristics of the modified liquid hydrocarbon fuel can be efficiently adjusted. The operation is simple and the practicability is strong.

[0029] 2. The present invention proposes modifying linear alkane hydrocarbon fuels using an additive obtained through a complexation reaction, promoting reliable ignition and stable combustion under low-temperature conditions. The selected additive obtained through the complexation reaction is soluble in liquid hydrocarbon fuels and can effectively adjust the ignition temperature and ignition delay time of the hydrocarbon fuel. The prepared modified fuel has advantages such as stable morphology, no stratification, and good stability in contact with air at room temperature. The preparation process is simple to operate and highly practical. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1 It is the ignition temperature diagram of the additive for n-hexadecane droplet on a hot plate;

[0031] Figure 2 This is a graph of the ignition delay time of the additive for n-hexadecane droplets at different temperatures on a hot plate;

[0032] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the stability test of triethylboron and synthetic complex additives at room temperature. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0034] Example 1

[0035] This embodiment provides a modified n-hexadecane hydrocarbon fuel and a control method. The applicant's research has found that by selecting a suitable additive, low-temperature combustion of the hydrocarbon fuel can be effectively promoted. The modified n-hexadecane hydrocarbon fuel of this embodiment comprises n-hexadecane and an additive. The additive is triethylboron.

[0036] In this embodiment, modified n-hexadecane is prepared in the following proportions:

[0037] Step 1: Add n-hexadecane to a fuel tank protected by nitrogen, with a volume percentage of 97%;

[0038] Step 2: Add triethyl boron to the fuel tank to which n-hexadecane has been added, with a volume percentage of 3%;

[0039] Step 3: Evenly mix the liquid in the fuel tank by magnetic stirring.

[0040] This example uses a hot plate experimental device to measure the ignition characteristics of triethylboron / n-hexadecane on a hot plate to illustrate that the ignition temperature of n-hexadecane containing triethylboron is not adjusted and is the same as the ignition temperature of pure n-hexadecane, both at 605°C, and the ignition delay time is not reduced, at 2138ms.

[0041] Example 2

[0042] This embodiment provides a modified n-hexadecane hydrocarbon fuel and a control method. The applicant's research has found that by selecting a suitable additive, low-temperature combustion of the hydrocarbon fuel can be effectively promoted. The modified n-hexadecane hydrocarbon fuel of this embodiment comprises n-hexadecane and an additive, wherein the additive is triethylamine.

[0043] In this embodiment, modified n-hexadecane is prepared in the following proportions:

[0044] Step 1: Add n-hexadecane to a fuel tank protected by nitrogen, with a volume percentage of 97%;

[0045] Step 2: adding triethylamine to the fuel tank to which n-hexadecane has been added, with a volume percentage of 3%;

[0046] Step 3: Evenly mix the liquid in the fuel tank by magnetic stirring.

[0047] This example uses a hot plate experimental apparatus to measure the ignition characteristics of triethylamine / n-hexadecane on a hot plate to illustrate that the ignition temperature of n-hexadecane containing triethylamine is slightly adjusted from 605°C to 500°C, and the ignition delay time is significantly reduced to 187ms.

[0048] Example 3

[0049] The low-temperature ignition characteristic regulation mechanism of hydrocarbon fuels in this embodiment and embodiments 4 and 5 is that: a complex additive is synthesized through a complex reaction. The novel complex additive can effectively reduce the ignition temperature and ignition delay time of n-hexadecane, and has stability under normal temperature and oxygen conditions. Therefore, the present invention relates to a complex additive that is stable at room temperature and can effectively promote the low-temperature ignition regulation of liquid alkanes, thereby improving the low-temperature ignition performance of liquid alkanes and providing a new approach to solving the ignition problem of advanced aircraft engines under harsh working conditions. The modified n-hexadecane hydrocarbon fuel of this embodiment includes n-hexadecane and an additive. The additive is a triethylboron-triethylamine complex that undergoes a complex reaction.

[0050] In this embodiment, modified n-hexadecane is prepared in the following proportions:

[0051] Step 1: Add triethylamine to a fuel tank protected by nitrogen, with a volume percentage of 56%;

[0052] Step 2: slowly and gradually add triethylboron to the fuel tank to which triethylamine has been added, with a volume percentage of 44%; Step 3: magnetically stirring the fuel tank to allow the triethylamine and triethylboron to fully react with each other for 30 minutes;

[0053] Step 4: Add n-hexadecane to an empty fuel tank protected by nitrogen, with a volume percentage of 99%;

[0054] Step 5: Add the prepared triethylboron-triethylamine complex to the fuel tank to which n-hexadecane has been added, with a volume percentage of 1%;

[0055] Step 6: Evenly mix the liquid in the fuel tank by magnetic stirring.

[0056] This example uses a hot plate experimental device to measure the ignition characteristics of 1% triethylboron-triethylamine / n-hexadecane on a hot plate to illustrate the effect of 1% complex on regulating the ignition characteristics of n-hexadecane. The ignition temperature is 230°C and the ignition delay time is 604ms.

[0057] Example 4

[0058] The modified n-hexadecane hydrocarbon fuel of this embodiment includes n-hexadecane and an additive, wherein the additive is a triethylboron-triethylamine complex that has undergone a complexation reaction.

[0059] In this embodiment, modified n-hexadecane is prepared in the following proportions:

[0060] Step 1: Add triethylamine to a fuel tank protected by nitrogen, with a volume percentage of 56%;

[0061] Step 2: slowly and gradually add triethylboron to the fuel tank to which triethylamine has been added, with a volume percentage of 44%; Step 3: magnetically stirring the fuel tank to allow the triethylamine and triethylboron to fully react with each other for 30 minutes;

[0062] Step 4: Add n-hexadecane to an empty fuel tank protected by nitrogen, with a volume percentage of 98%;

[0063] Step 5: Add the prepared triethylboron-triethylamine complex to the fuel tank to which n-hexadecane has been added, with a volume percentage of 2%;

[0064] Step 6: Evenly mix the liquid in the fuel tank by magnetic stirring.

[0065] This example uses a hot plate experimental device to measure the ignition characteristics of 2% triethylboron-triethylamine / n-hexadecane on a hot plate to illustrate the effect of 2% complex on regulating the ignition characteristics of n-hexadecane. The ignition temperature is 213°C and the ignition delay time is 369ms.

[0066] Example 5

[0067] The modified n-hexadecane hydrocarbon fuel of this embodiment includes n-hexadecane and an additive, wherein the additive is a triethylboron-triethylamine complex that has undergone a complexation reaction.

[0068] In this embodiment, modified n-hexadecane is prepared in the following proportions:

[0069] Step 1: Add triethylamine to a fuel tank protected by nitrogen, with a volume percentage of 56%;

[0070] Step 2: slowly and gradually add triethylboron to the fuel tank to which triethylamine has been added, with a volume percentage of 44%; Step 3: magnetically stirring the fuel tank to allow the triethylamine and triethylboron to fully react with each other for 30 minutes;

[0071] Step 4: Add n-hexadecane to an empty fuel tank protected by nitrogen, with a volume percentage of 97%;

[0072] Step 5: Add the prepared triethylboron-triethylamine complex to the fuel tank to which n-hexadecane has been added, with a volume percentage of 3%;

[0073] Step 6: Evenly mix the liquid in the fuel tank by magnetic stirring.

[0074] This example uses a hot plate experimental device to measure the ignition characteristics of 3% triethylboron-triethylamine / n-hexadecane on a hot plate to illustrate the effect of 3% complex on regulating the ignition characteristics of n-hexadecane. The ignition temperature is 185°C and the ignition delay time is 289ms.

[0075] like Figure 1 As shown, the technical effect of this embodiment is specifically as follows: compared with pure n-hexadecane, the minimum ignition wall temperature of n-hexadecane containing 3% borane-triethylamine is reduced from 605°C to 185°C, and the low-temperature ignition performance of linear alkanes is effectively improved.

[0076] like Figure 2 As shown, the technical effect of this embodiment is specifically: the ignition delay time of n-hexadecane of borane-triethylamine is significantly reduced, from 1380ms (605°C) of pure n-hexadecane to 14ms (215°C).

[0077] like Figure 3 As shown, the technical effect of this embodiment is specifically: triethylboron spontaneously ignites at room temperature, and the stability of the triethylboron-triethylamine complex generated by the complexation reaction is significantly improved at room temperature.

[0078] The above-mentioned method of controlling the ignition temperature of linear alkane hydrocarbon fuel by forming a triethylboron-triethylamine complex through the complexation reaction of triethylboron and triethylamine is original to the present invention, has never been disclosed before, and its working method is different from any existing literature records. It is to use the synthesized triethylboron-triethylamine complex to adjust the low temperature point or characteristics of n-hexadecane.

[0079] The technical details of the triethylboron-triethylamine complex for enhancing the low-temperature ignition properties of n-hexadecane are as follows: 1. Addition of the triethylboron-triethylamine complex effectively reduces the low-temperature ignition temperature of n-hexadecane; 2. Addition of the triethylboron-triethylamine complex significantly reduces the ignition delay time of n-hexadecane. The low-temperature enhancement effect of the triethylboron-triethylamine complex generated by the complexation reaction can significantly improve the ignition performance of normal alkanes.

[0080] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. It should be pointed out that any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A modified n-hexadecane hydrocarbon fuel, characterized in that: The invention comprises n-hexadecane and an additive; the additive is a triethylboron-triethylamine complex generated by a complexation reaction; the volume fraction of n-hexadecane is 97%-99%, and the volume fraction of the additive is 1%-3%; in the triethylboron-triethylamine complex generated by the complexation reaction, the volume percentage of triethylamine is 56%, and the volume percentage of triethylboron is 44%.

2. A modified n-hexadecane hydrocarbon fuel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The volume fraction of n-hexadecane is 97%, and the volume fractions of the additives are 3%.

3. A modified n-hexadecane hydrocarbon fuel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The volume fraction of n-hexadecane is 98%, and the volume fractions of the additives are 2%.

4. The modified n-hexadecane hydrocarbon fuel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The volume fraction of n-hexadecane is 99%, and the volume fractions of the additives are 1%.

5. A method for regulating and controlling modified n-hexadecane hydrocarbon fuel, characterized in that: The method includes: Step 1: Add triethylamine to a nitrogen-protected fuel tank at a volume percentage of 56%; Step 2: slowly and gradually add triethylboron to the fuel tank to which triethylamine has been added, with a volume percentage of 44%; Step 3: Using magnetic stirring, the triethylamine and triethylboron in the fuel tank were fully complexed for 30 minutes; Step 4: Add n-hexadecane to an empty fuel tank protected by nitrogen, with a volume percentage of 97%-99%; Step 5: Add the prepared triethylboron-triethylamine complex to the fuel tank to which n-hexadecane has been added, with a volume percentage of 1%-3%; Step 6: Evenly mix the liquid in the fuel tank by magnetic stirring.

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