Ultra-high pressure bottle valve

Abstract

This invention discloses an ultra-high pressure fuel cell valve, comprising a valve body containing a pressure reducing valve, a balancing valve, a solenoid valve, a one-way charging valve, an overpressure safety valve, an overheat safety valve, a venting valve, a filter element, a temperature sensor, and interfaces for internal and output pressure sensors. Each component is configured within the valve body as required and connected by corresponding channels within the valve body, featuring high integration, safety, and monitoring capabilities. The supply pressure can be adjusted according to the requirements of the fuel cell. Fluctuations in output flow and pressure are significantly reduced. The use of a solenoid valve with a pilot valve significantly reduces the current flowing through the coil when the valve is opened, extending the lifespan of the solenoid valve. When the hydrogen storage tank experiences overpressure or overtemperature, the corresponding safety valve activates to release the high-pressure hydrogen gas inside the tank, preventing the risk of explosion. The internal pressure, temperature, and output pressure are monitored continuously.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of valve technology, and specifically to an ultra-high pressure bottle valve. Background Technology

[0002] Hydrogen fuel cell vehicles have gained significant attention from major economies worldwide due to their zero pollution, short refueling time, and long driving range. For these vehicles, the cylinder valves require high safety, high functional integration, and high monitoring capabilities. Currently, high-pressure cylinder valves used domestically and internationally mainly integrate flow limiters, solenoid valves, overheat safety valves, manual shut-off valves, vent valves, filters, and pressure and temperature sensors. The shortcomings of these valves are: regardless of whether gas is being supplied, the valve remains under high pressure, equivalent to the cylinder's internal pressure. This increases the solenoid valve's opening current and easily leads to leaks and safety hazards; furthermore, the lack of a flow stabilization device results in large fluctuations in the output gas flow rate; additionally, since hydrogen fuel cells can only withstand relatively low gas pressures, a pressure reducing valve must be used outside the valve, increasing connection complexity and potential leakage points, and causing significant output pressure fluctuations, while fuel cells require relatively stable flow and pressure; finally, most use direct-acting solenoid valves, which have high opening currents and, due to poor heat dissipation, shorten their lifespan. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems of existing vehicle-mounted high-pressure hydrogen storage cylinder combination valves, and to provide an ultra-high pressure cylinder valve with features such as adjustable output gas pressure according to the requirements of fuel cells, always maintaining low pressure after the pressure reducing valve, using a solenoid valve with a pilot valve, requiring only a small force to open the solenoid valve, having a long lifespan for the solenoid, and stable output flow and pressure.

[0004] A further objective of this invention is to discharge any gas that may leak into the five-chamber spring, thereby eliminating the air-locking phenomenon during the movement of the slide valve; to reduce the frictional force during the movement of the slide valve caused by the imbalance of radial force under ultra-high pressure; to have a larger hydraulic radius; to reduce flow velocity and noise; and to have a more stable minimum flow rate.

[0005] The specific technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the above-mentioned technical problems is an ultra-high pressure cylinder valve, including a valve body, which is equipped with a pressure reducing valve, a balance valve, a solenoid valve, a one-way charging valve, an overpressure safety valve, an overheat safety valve, a venting valve, a filter element, a temperature sensor, and interfaces for cylinder internal pressure and output pressure sensors. When charging with hydrogen, high-pressure hydrogen gas opens the one-way charging valve through the charging port filter element and charges the hydrogen storage cylinder through the corresponding channel in the valve body. When supplying hydrogen, high-pressure hydrogen gas in the cylinder is supplied to the fuel cell through the pressure reducing valve, the balance valve, the solenoid valve, and the outlet filter element.

[0006] The working principle of the ultra-high pressure cylinder valve is as follows: When filling the hydrogen storage cylinder, the high-pressure hydrogen first passes through the filling port filter to prevent impurities from entering the hydrogen storage cylinder and the valve. Then, it enters the hydrogen storage cylinder through the filling check valve and corresponding channels within the valve body. The filling check valve prevents hydrogen from flowing out in reverse when the gas supply stops, thus maintaining pressure. The high-pressure hydrogen in the storage cylinder is connected to the overpressure safety valve, overheat safety valve, vent valve, cylinder pressure sensor, output pressure sensor, and temperature sensor through relevant channels within the valve body. The overpressure safety valve automatically releases pressure when the filling pressure exceeds 70 MPa or when the cylinder pressure exceeds 70 MPa due to an increase in external temperature, preventing the hydrogen storage cylinder from overpressure explosion. The overheat safety valve releases pressure when the ambient temperature rises (e.g., due to vehicle combustion). When the valve temperature rises to 110℃±5℃, the overheat protection device activates to prevent the hydrogen storage cylinder from overheating, overpressure, and exploding, releasing the hydrogen gas inside the cylinder. The function of the vent valve is to open the vent valve and release the hydrogen gas inside the cylinder into another container when the pressure reducing valve or solenoid valve fails and cannot supply gas to the fuel cell. The cylinder pressure sensor is used to observe the hydrogen pressure inside the cylinder. When the pressure drops to the minimum working pressure (e.g., around 5 MPa), it should be refilled in time, and refilling should be stopped when the refilling pressure reaches 70 MPa. The output pressure sensor is used to observe whether the output pressure meets the requirements of the fuel cell. The temperature sensor is used to observe the temperature of the hydrogen gas inside the cylinder. The normal operating temperature range is -40℃ to +85℃. If the temperature exceeds the limit, it should be checked in time for any accidents or improper operation.

[0007] When the hydrogen storage tank supplies hydrogen to the fuel cell, high-pressure hydrogen first enters the pressure reducing valve, and then passes through the balancing valve, solenoid valve, and outlet filter before being supplied to the fuel cell. The function of the pressure reducing valve is to reduce the high pressure before the valve to the low pressure required by the fuel cell. Because the input pressure of the pressure reducing valve varies greatly (5 MPa–70 MPa), the output pressure fluctuates greatly, which also affects the stability of the output flow rate. The balancing valve consists of a throttle valve and a flow and pressure regulating valve. Its function is to control the magnitude and fluctuation of the output flow rate and pressure. If necessary, the throttle valve can be used as a shut-off valve. In addition, when the flow rate is too high (e.g., due to a downstream pipeline rupture), it can automatically close the gas path and stop the gas supply. The function of the outlet filter is to prevent impurities from entering the fuel cell.

[0008] Preferably, the valve body consists of two perpendicular parts, the upper part being a cuboid and the lower part being essentially a cylinder. The external thread on the top of the cylinder engages with the internal thread on the top of the hydrogen storage tank, and the lower cylinder slides into the inner hole below the tank opening. An O-ring thirteen and a retaining ring two are provided in the groove of the lower cylinder. All components are housed within the valve body and connected by corresponding channels within the valve body. A longitudinal hole is provided on one side of the cylinder, and the top of the longitudinal hole communicates with the inlet of the pressure reducing valve.

[0009] Preferably, the pressure reducing valve is positioned slightly to the left of the center line of the cuboid, and includes a valve sleeve five, a slide valve one, a spring five, an adjusting stud three, a locking nut four, a retaining ring one, a screw plug, and an O-ring seal. The center lines of all parts are on the same axis. The valve sleeve five transitions with the corresponding hole, and both ends are positioned by the holes using the elastic retaining ring one. The two ends of the inner hole are threaded, and there is a stepped hole in the center. The diameter of the upper through hole is slightly smaller than that of the lower through hole. The lower end of the upper through hole has a chamfer, and there is an annular groove below it. The external thread of the adjusting stud three screws into the threaded hole at the upper end of the valve sleeve five, and the top end has an internal hexagonal hole. The lower end has a boss, a longitudinal blind hole at the center bottom, and a radial hole at the top, the two holes communicating with each other; the external thread of the plug screws into the threaded hole at the lower end of the valve sleeve five, the small cylinder above slides into the lower through hole of the valve sleeve five, and is equipped with an O-ring seal, a recess at the top, and an internal hexagonal hole at the bottom; the upper section of the slide valve one is an upper plunger, the middle section is a piston, and the lower end is a lower plunger, the three are connected by a thinner upper valve stem and lower valve stem, the diameter of the upper plunger is slightly smaller than the diameter of the lower plunger, and there are several pressure equalizing grooves on the outer diameter of both the upper and lower plungers. The piston slides into the upper through hole of valve sleeve five. An O-ring and a retaining ring are located in the groove above the upper plunger. A boss is located at the top of the spool valve. The lower plunger is fitted into the lower through hole of valve sleeve five. An axial blind hole is located at the center of the bottom end. A radial hole is located in the middle section of the lower valve stem, and the two holes communicate with each other. The lower end of the piston in the middle section is a convex cone. The outer diameter of the cone is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the lower through hole of valve sleeve five, but larger than the inner diameter of the upper through hole. The cone angle of the cone is the same as the taper of the chamfer at the lower end of the upper through hole. Two symmetrical semi-inverted conical grooves are located on the outer circle of the piston. These grooves and the chamfer at the lower end of the upper through hole form a pressure reducing valve. The valve port of the pressure reducing valve is approximately shaped like two semicircles, thus having a large hydraulic radius. After the pressure reducing valve port is closed, it will continue to rise a certain distance. Then, the chamfer at the lower end of the lower through hole fits with the cone on the piston, which is a double sealing structure. Spring 5 is set between the top surface of slide valve 1 and the bottom surface of adjusting stud 3. The middle section of the sleeve 5 has 4 evenly distributed radial holes on its cylindrical wall. A wide groove is machined on the outer diameter of the outer opening of the radial holes. The lower section of the sleeve 5 has 4 evenly distributed radial holes on its cylindrical wall. An annular groove is machined on the outer diameter of the outer opening of the radial holes, which communicates with the channel hole.

[0010] Preferably, the balancing valve is located to the right of the pressure reducing valve. The balancing valve consists of a throttle valve and a flow-stabilizing and pressure-stabilizing valve, including a spring, a valve core, a valve sleeve, a guide sleeve, an adjusting stud, a locking nut, and O-rings. The centerlines of all parts are on the same axis. The valve sleeve is a stepped cylinder, with the medium and small cylinders slidingly fitted into their respective inner holes, each equipped with an O-ring and an O-ring. The external thread on the large diameter is screwed into the corresponding threaded hole in the valve body. Its inner hole is a stepped hole with an internal thread machined on the large diameter. The bottom wall has a through hole at its center, with a chamfer at the lower end. The peripheral wall of the bottom wall has four evenly distributed radial holes, with annular grooves machined on the outer openings of the radial holes. The middle section of the valve sleeve has four evenly distributed radial holes, with annular grooves machined on the outer diameters of the radial holes, communicating with the channel holes. The external thread at the lower part of the guide sleeve is screwed into the internal thread on the large diameter of the valve sleeve, and the upper cylinder is screwed into the valve sleeve. The inner hole of valve sleeve 1 is slidably fitted and equipped with an O-ring 1. The center has a stepped hole and the large diameter is internally threaded. The adjusting stud 1 is a stepped shaft with a small shaft on top that is slidably fitted with a small hole in the guide sleeve and equipped with an O-ring 3. The top has a recess, and the lower external thread engages with the internal thread in the large diameter of the guide sleeve. The bottom has an internal hexagonal hole. Valve core 1 is located in the upper cavity of valve sleeve 1. The small shaft below it is dynamically fitted with the inner hole of the guide sleeve. The upper part is a truncated cone. The taper of the truncated cone is the same as the taper of the lower chamfer of the through hole on the bottom wall of valve sleeve 1. The two together form the valve port of the balance valve. By rotating the adjusting stud 1, the size of the valve port of the balance valve can be adjusted. After adjustment, it is locked with a locking nut 1. If necessary, it can be used as a stop valve. The center of valve core 1 has an axial blind hole from the bottom and a radial hole on the top. The two holes are connected. The middle section of valve core 1 has an external convex ring. Spring 1 is located between the upper end face of the external convex ring and the bottom wall of valve sleeve 1.

[0011] Preferably, the solenoid valve is located at the upper right of the cuboid valve body and includes an electromagnet, a slide valve 2, a sealing gasket, a valve seat, a spring 7, and an outlet filter element. The electromagnet includes a stationary iron core, a spring 6, a frame, a coil, a cylindrical body, and a moving iron core with a cone at the right end. The centerlines of all parts are on the same straight line. The spring 6 is located between the stationary and moving iron cores. When the solenoid valve is closed, the gap between the stationary and moving iron cores is Δ. The cylindrical body of the electromagnet slides into the corresponding hole of the valve body and is equipped with an O-ring seal 10. The hole is positioned by an elastic retaining ring 2. The cable passes through the hole on the side of the cuboid and is fixed by a wire sealing connector. The slide valve 2 is similar to a bottomed cup-shaped cylinder. The inner hole slides into the outer diameter of the moving iron core. There is a small air hole in the center of the right wall. There is a conical hole at the left end of the small air hole. The taper of the conical hole is the same as the taper of the cone at the right end of the moving iron core. The two are combined. The pilot valve has a shoulder on the outer diameter of the right wall and a sealing gasket on the right end face. The valve seat is screwed into the corresponding screw hole of the valve body. The outer diameter of the cylinder on the left side slides into the corresponding hole and is equipped with an O-ring seal. There is a recess on the left end, the inner diameter of which is larger than the outer diameter of the slide valve. There is a protruding cone at the center of the bottom surface of the recess. There is a stepped through hole at the center of the right side of the valve seat. The large hole is the air outlet, and the middle hole is equipped with an air outlet filter element. The hole is positioned by an elastic retaining ring. The air hole at the left end and the annular edge formed by the protruding cone at the center of the bottom surface of the recess and the sealing gasket constitute the valve port of the solenoid valve. Spring 7 is set between the bottom surface of the valve seat recess and the shoulder on the right end of the slide valve. Its thrust on the slide valve is less than the thrust of spring 6. Rotating the valve seat can adjust the gap Δ, that is, the opening of the solenoid valve port. After adjusting to meet the requirements, it is tightened with a set screw.

[0012] Preferably, the inflation check valve is located on the lower left side of the cuboid valve body, including valve sleeve three, spring three, and valve core three, with the center lines of each part on the same axis; the external threads on the three major diameters of the valve sleeve engage with the corresponding internal threads on the cuboid, the minor diameter slides into the corresponding hole, and an O-ring seal seven is provided; the left end of the through hole in the center of the inner hole is a stepped hole, the large hole is machined with threads, the small hole is installed with an inflation port filter element, and a retaining ring is used for positioning; the bottom of the hole at the right end of the through hole is machined with a groove, and the valve core three is dynamically fitted in the hole; the left end of the valve core three is a truncated cone, the taper of which is the same as the taper of the chamfer at the right end of the through hole, and the two together form the valve port of the check valve; spring three is provided in the blind hole in the center, and four evenly distributed radial holes are provided on the cylindrical wall at the left end of the blind hole; four evenly distributed radial holes are provided on the cylindrical wall of the valve sleeve three, and annular grooves are machined on the outer circle of the outer opening of the radial holes.

[0013] Preferably, the overpressure safety valve and the overheat safety valve are integrated into a single structure, located at the upper left of the cuboid. This structure includes a valve sleeve (four parts), a valve core (four parts), a spring (four parts), a piston, a fusible plug, an adjusting stud (two parts), and a locking nut (three parts), with the centerlines of all components aligned on the same axis. The external thread on the upper part of the valve sleeve (four parts) engages with the corresponding internal thread in the cuboid, and the lower cylinder slides into the corresponding hole. An O-ring (eight parts) is provided at the bottom chamfer, and the center has a stepped hole. The larger hole has an internal thread, and the smaller hole has a sliding piston. The lower cone of the valve core (four parts)... A spring is provided between the upper plane of the body and the lower end face of the piston. The taper of the lower cone of the valve core is consistent with the taper of the chamfer above the central through hole of the bottom wall of the valve sleeve. The two together form the valve port of the safety valve. The shank of the valve core is loosely fitted in the blind hole at the bottom end of the piston. The external thread of the adjusting stud is screwed into the internal thread of the four holes of the valve sleeve. The top end is provided with an internal hexagonal hole, the bottom end is provided with a pit, a fusion plug is provided in the pit, and a connecting hole is provided in the center. The cylinder wall of the valve sleeve is provided with four evenly distributed radial holes. The outer diameter of the outer opening of the radial holes is machined with an annular groove.

[0014] Preferably, the vent valve is located at the lower left of the cuboid and includes a valve sleeve, a screw, a valve core, a spring, and a locking nut. The centerlines of all parts are on the same axis. The external thread on the major diameter of the valve sleeve engages with the corresponding internal thread on the cuboid. The small cylinder slides into the corresponding hole, and an O-ring seal is provided at the chamfer at the top. The inner hole has a larger diameter at both ends and a smaller diameter in the middle. The bottom of the upper hole has a groove, and the valve core is dynamically fitted inside the hole. The taper of the lower cone of the valve core matches the taper of the chamfer above the middle small hole. The two components together form the vent valve port. A spring is installed in the blind hole, and four evenly distributed radial holes are provided on the bottom wall of the blind hole. An internal thread is machined in the lower hole, which engages with the external thread of the screw. The bottom end of the screw has an internal hexagonal hole. The upper small cylinder slides with the small hole in the middle of the valve sleeve and is provided with an O-ring seal. The small shaft at the top is opposite to the top surface of the cone of the valve core and does not usually contact it. Four evenly distributed radial holes are provided near the middle of the cylinder wall of the valve sleeve. An annular groove is machined on the outer diameter of the radial hole.

[0015] Preferably, the other side of the cylinder on the valve body is provided with a longitudinal through hole. Both the upper and lower ends of the longitudinal through hole have internal threads. The temperature sensor is inserted into the longitudinal through hole from top to bottom. The external thread at the upper end engages with the internal thread at the upper end of the longitudinal through hole and presses the O-ring seal fourteen. The lower screw hole of the longitudinal through hole engages with the pressing screw. A retaining ring three and sealing packing are provided above.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this invention are: 1. A pressure reducing valve with a large hydraulic radius is installed inside the combined valve, so the output gas pressure can be adjusted according to the requirements of the fuel cell, regardless of the gas pressure inside the hydrogen storage tank. Furthermore, even during periods of gas supply interruption, the pressure after the pressure reducing valve remains at a low pressure. When gas is supplied again, the electromagnet can open the solenoid valve with only a small force. 2. Since the pressure output of the pressure reducing valve has certain fluctuations, if a throttling valve is directly connected in series after it, the output flow rate will inevitably fluctuate. This patent connects a balancing valve composed of a throttling valve and a flow and pressure stabilizing valve in series after the pressure reducing valve, so that the output flow rate and pressure remain basically stable. 3. An electromagnet with a pilot valve is used to reduce the opening current of the coil and extend the life of the solenoid valve. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the working principle of the ultra-high pressure bottle valve of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the ultra-high pressure bottle valve of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 MM section view;

[0020] Figure 4 yes Figure 2 A partial sectional view of KK;

[0021] Figure 5 yes Figure 2 Partial sectional view of the solenoid valve;

[0022] Figure 6 yes Figure 2 NN cross-sectional view.

[0023] In the diagram: 1. Valve body, 2. Spring 1, 3. Valve core 1, 4. O-ring 1, 5. Valve sleeve 1, 6. O-ring 2, 7. Guide sleeve, 8. O-ring 3, 9. Adjusting stud 1, 10. Locking nut 1, 11. Hole retaining ring 1, 12. O-ring 4, 13. Plug, 14. Screw, 15. Locking nut 2, 16. O-ring 5, 17. Valve sleeve 2, 18. Valve core 2, 19. Spring 2, 20. O-ring 6, 21. O-ring 7, 22. Inflation port filter element, 23. Spring 3, 24. Valve core 3, 25. Valve sleeve 3, 26. O-ring 8, 2 7. Valve sleeve four; 28. Spring four; 29. ​​Valve core four; 30. Piston; 31. Fusible plug; 32. Adjusting stud two; 33. Locking nut three; 34. Adjusting stud three; 35. Locking nut four; 36. Spring five; 37. Wire sealing connector; 38. Valve sleeve five; 39. Slide valve one; 40. Stainless steel ball; 41. Retaining ring one; 42. O-ring nine; 43. Stationary iron core; 44. Spring six; 45. Frame; 46. Coil; 47. O-ring ten; 48. Cylinder body; 49. Hole elastic retaining ring two; 50. Moving iron core; 51. O-ring eleven; 52. Set screw; 53. Valve seat. 54. Spring 7, 55. Sealing gasket, 56. Hole retaining ring 3, 57. Outlet filter element, 58. Slide valve 2, 59. O-ring 12, 60. Retaining ring 2, 61. O-ring 13, 62. Temperature sensor, 63. Clamping screw, 64. Sealing packing, 65. Retaining ring 3, 66. O-ring 14, a. Longitudinal hole, b. Transverse hole, c. Radial hole, d. Groove, e. Radial hole, f. Channel, g. Channel, h. Radial hole, i. Channel, j. Through hole, k. Radial hole, l. Channel, m. Channel, n. Recess, O1. Small pore, O2. Pore, p. Axial blind hole, q Radial hole, r. Annular groove, s. Connecting hole, t. Through hole, u. Longitudinal through hole, v. Axial hole, x. Through hole, z. Radial hole, A1. In-bottle pressure sensor connection hole, A2. Output pressure sensor connection hole, B1. Outlet hole, B2. Inlet, B3. Vent hole, B4. Vent hole, V1. Pressure reducing valve port, V2. Balance valve port, V3. Pilot valve port, V4. Solenoid valve port, V5. Safety valve port, V6. Vent valve port, V7. Check valve port, Z1. Pressure reducing valve inlet, Z2. Balance valve front chamber, Z3. Solenoid valve front chamber, Z4. Pilot valve front chamber, Z5. Vent chamber. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0025] Example 1

[0026] The working principle of this ultra-high pressure cylinder valve is as follows: Figure 1As shown, when filling the hydrogen storage cylinder, the high-pressure hydrogen first passes through the filling port filter to prevent impurities from entering the storage cylinder and valve. Then, it enters the storage cylinder through the filling check valve and corresponding channels within the valve body. The filling check valve prevents reverse flow of hydrogen when the gas supply stops, thus maintaining pressure. The high-pressure hydrogen in the storage cylinder is connected to the overpressure safety valve, overheat safety valve, vent valve, cylinder pressure sensor, output pressure sensor, and temperature sensor through relevant channels within the valve body. The overpressure safety valve automatically releases pressure when the filling pressure exceeds 70 MPa or when the cylinder pressure exceeds 70 MPa due to an increase in external temperature, preventing the storage cylinder from overpressure explosion. The overheat safety valve releases pressure when the ambient temperature rises (e.g., due to vehicle combustion). When the temperature reaches 110℃±5℃, the overheat protection device activates to prevent the hydrogen storage cylinder from overheating, overpressure, and exploding, releasing the hydrogen gas inside the cylinder. The function of the vent valve is to open the vent valve and release the hydrogen gas inside the cylinder into other containers when the pressure reducing valve or solenoid valve fails and cannot supply gas to the fuel cell. The cylinder pressure sensor is used to observe the hydrogen pressure inside the cylinder. When the pressure drops to the minimum working pressure (e.g., around 5 MPa), it should be refilled in time, and refilling should be stopped when the refilling pressure reaches 70 MPa. The output pressure sensor is used to observe whether the output pressure meets the requirements of the fuel cell. The temperature sensor is used to observe the temperature of the hydrogen gas inside the cylinder. The normal operating temperature range is -40℃ to +85℃. If the temperature exceeds the limit, it should be checked in time for any accidents or improper operation.

[0027] When the hydrogen storage tank supplies hydrogen to the fuel cell, high-pressure hydrogen first enters the pressure reducing valve, and then passes through the balancing valve, solenoid valve, and outlet filter before being supplied to the fuel cell. The function of the pressure reducing valve is to reduce the high pressure before the valve to the low pressure required by the fuel cell. Because the input pressure of the pressure reducing valve varies greatly (5 MPa–70 MPa), the output pressure fluctuates greatly, which also affects the stability of the output flow rate. The balancing valve consists of a throttle valve and a flow and pressure regulating valve. Its function is to control the magnitude and fluctuation of the output flow rate and pressure. If necessary, the throttle valve can be used as a shut-off valve. In addition, when the flow rate is too high (e.g., a downstream pipeline rupture), it can automatically close the gas path and stop the gas supply. The function of the outlet filter is to prevent impurities from entering the fuel cell.

[0028] For the construction of this ultra-high pressure cylinder valve, please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 2 — Figure 6The valve body is composed of a valve body 1, an inflation port filter element 22, an exhaust port filter element 57, a pressure reducing valve, a balance valve, a solenoid valve, a one-way inflation valve, an exhaust valve, an overheat safety valve, an overpressure safety valve, an internal pressure sensor connection hole A1 and an output pressure sensor connection hole A2, an exhaust port B1, an inflation port B2, and venting ports B3 and B4. All components are installed inside the valve body 1 and connected by relevant connecting channels within the valve body 1 according to design requirements. The valve body 1 is made of high-strength aluminum alloy, making it lightweight. It consists of two perpendicular parts, an upper cuboid and a lower, essentially cylindrical shape (see [reference]). Figure 3 and Figure 6 The external thread on the top of the cylinder engages with the internal thread on the top of the hydrogen storage bottle opening, and the lower cylinder slides into the inner hole below the bottle opening. The groove of the lower cylinder is provided with an O-ring seal thirteen 61 and a retaining ring two 60. The retaining ring two 60 is used to prevent high-pressure hydrogen from squeezing the O-ring seal thirteen 61 into the mating gap.

[0029] A longitudinal hole a is provided on one side of the cylinder (see...) Figure 6 The axis of the longitudinal hole a is parallel to the axis of the cylinder, with an eccentricity of δ. The lower end of the longitudinal hole a has an internal thread hole, and the top end is connected to the inlet cavity Z1 of the pressure reducing valve.

[0030] Pressure reducing valve (see) Figure 2Located slightly to the left of the centerline of the cuboid, this valve is composed of valve sleeve 5 (38), slide valve 1 (39), spring 5 (36), adjusting stud 3 (34), locking nut 4 (35), retaining ring 1 (41), O-ring 9 (42), plug 13, and O-ring 4 (12), with the centerlines of all components on the same axis. Valve sleeve 5 (38) has a transition fit with the corresponding hole, and is positioned at both ends by elastic retaining ring 11. The inner hole has internal threads at both ends and a stepped through hole in the center. The diameter of the upper through hole is slightly smaller than that of the lower through hole, and the lower end of the upper through hole has a chamfer, serving as the valve seat of the pressure reducing valve. Below the through hole is an annular groove; the external thread of the adjusting stud 34 is screwed into the threaded hole at the upper end of the valve sleeve 38, with an internal hexagonal hole at the top and a boss at the lower end for setting the spring 36, a longitudinal blind hole at the bottom center, and a radial hole at the top, the two holes communicating to discharge any gas that may leak into the spring 36 cavity, eliminating the air-locking phenomenon when the slide valve 39 moves; the external thread of the plug 13 is screwed into the threaded hole at the lower end of the valve sleeve 38, the small cylinder at the top slides into the lower through hole of the valve sleeve 38, an O-ring 4 12 is provided in the groove, with a recess at the top and a lower end There is an internal hexagonal hole; the upper section of the slide valve 39 is an upper plunger, the middle section is a piston, and the lower section is a lower plunger. The three are connected by a thinner upper valve stem and a thinner lower valve stem. The diameter of the upper plunger is slightly smaller than that of the lower plunger. There are several pressure-equalizing grooves on the outer diameter of both the upper and lower plungers to reduce the friction caused by the radial force imbalance under ultra-high pressure during the movement of the slide valve. The upper plunger and piston slide into the upper through hole of the valve sleeve 38. The groove above the upper plunger is equipped with an O-ring 42 and a retaining ring 41. The top of the slide valve 39 has a boss as a spring seat; the lower plunger The piston is fitted into the lower through hole of valve sleeve 38. An axial hole v is drilled at the center of the bottom end, and a radial hole c is drilled in the middle section of the lower valve stem. The two holes are connected to deliver the depressurized hydrogen gas to the bottom surface of slide valve 39. The lower end of the piston in the middle section is a convex cone. The outer diameter of the cone is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the lower through hole of valve sleeve 38, but larger than the inner diameter of the upper through hole. The cone angle of the cone is the same as the cone angle of the chamfer at the lower end of the upper through hole. There are two symmetrical semi-inverted conical grooves on the outer circle of the piston. The grooves and the chamfer at the lower end of the upper through hole form the pressure reducing valve port V1. The shape of the pressure reducing valve port V1 is approximately two semicircles (see...). Figure 4Therefore, it has a large hydraulic radius, which can reduce flow velocity and noise, and has a relatively stable minimum flow rate. The cone apex of the groove is a certain distance away from the cone apex of the lower cone of the piston. As the slide valve 39 rises and falls, the size of the pressure reducing valve port V1 changes. When the pressure reducing valve port V1 is closed and continues to rise a certain distance, the cone at the lower end of the piston fits against the chamfer at the lower end of the through hole of the valve sleeve 38. The spring 36 is set between the top surface of the slide valve 39 and the bottom surface of the adjusting stud 34. Four evenly distributed radial holes e are drilled on the cylinder wall of the middle section of the valve sleeve 38. A relatively wide groove d is machined on the outer diameter of the outer opening of the radial hole e to allow the hydrogen gas sent out from the hydrogen storage bottle by the longitudinal hole a and the transverse hole b to pass through the channel f and the channel g to the safety valve, the charging valve and the venting valve set on the left side of the valve body 1. Four evenly distributed radial holes h are drilled on the cylinder wall of the lower section of the valve sleeve 38. An annular groove is machined on the outer opening of the radial hole h, which communicates with the channel i.

[0031] Working principle of pressure reducing valve: When the solenoid valve port V4 (see...) Figure 5 When the gas supply is closed or stopped, the gas pressure in the lower chamber of slide valve 39 increases, overcoming the pressure of spring 36 and closing the pressure reducing valve port V1. After the pressure reducing valve port V1 is closed, it will continue to rise a certain distance, and then the chamfer at the lower end of the upper through hole will fit and seal with the cone on the piston in the middle section of slide valve 39. Therefore, the sealing effect is good, ensuring that the downstream of the valve port V1 is at low pressure. When the solenoid valve opens to supply gas to the fuel cell, the pressure in the lower chamber of slide valve 39 decreases. Under the push of spring 36, slide valve 39 moves downward, and pressure reducing valve port V1 opens. Because the opening is small, the hydrogen gas flowing through is very fast, achieving throttling and pressure reduction. When the force acting on the lower end face of slide valve 39 is balanced with the set pressure of spring 36, the size of pressure reducing valve port V1 is constant, and the pressure reducing valve has a certain pressure output. Therefore, by adjusting the tightness of spring 36 by stud 34, the output gas pressure can be adjusted. After adjustment, it is locked with locking nut 4 35. Once the output pressure is set, if the bottle pressure or output flow rate fluctuates, the pressure reducing valve will automatically adjust itself to keep the output pressure essentially constant. If the inlet pressure decreases, the outlet pressure will also decrease instantly, reducing the force acting on the bottom of slide valve 39. This disrupts the original force balance acting on slide valve 39, causing it to move downwards under the push of spring 36. The opening of the pressure reducing valve port V1 increases, reducing the throttling and pressure reduction effect, causing the outlet pressure to rise back to near the original set pressure. Slide valve 39 achieves a new balance in its new position. If the flow rate increases (or decreases), the flow velocity through the pressure reducing valve port V1 also increases (or decreases), increasing (or decreasing) the pressure loss, resulting in a decrease (or increase) in the output pressure. This causes slide valve 39 to move downwards (or upwards), opening (or closing) the pressure reducing valve port V1 wider, reducing (or increasing) the throttling and pressure reduction effect, and causing the output pressure to rise (or fall) back to the original set value.

[0032] The balancing valve consists of a throttle valve and a flow-stabilizing and pressure-stabilizing valve, including components such as spring 2, valve core 3, valve sleeve 5, guide sleeve 7, adjusting stud 9, locking nut 10, and O-rings. The centerlines of all components are on the same axis. The valve sleeve 5 is a stepped cylinder, with the medium and small cylinders slidingly fitted into corresponding inner holes. It is equipped with O-rings 6 and 59. The external thread on the large diameter is screwed into the corresponding threaded hole of the valve body 1. Its inner hole is a stepped hole with internal threads machined on the large diameter. The bottom wall has a through hole j in the center, and the lower end of the through hole j has a chamfer. The peripheral wall of the bottom wall is drilled with... There are four evenly distributed radial holes k. The outer opening of each radial hole k has an annular groove, which allows the hydrogen output from the balance valve to be sent to the solenoid valve above it and the output pressure sensor connection hole A2 on its right side through channels l and m. Four evenly distributed radial holes z are drilled on the pipe wall of the middle section of valve sleeve 5. The outer opening of each z has an annular groove, communicating with channel i, so that the depressurized hydrogen is sent to the front cavity Z2 of the balance valve through radial holes h, channel i, and radial holes z. The external thread at the lower part of the guide sleeve 7 engages with the internal thread on the large hole of valve sleeve 5, and the upper cylinder slides into the inner hole of valve sleeve 5, and is provided with O... The sealing ring 4 has a stepped hole in the center and internal threads machined in the large diameter; the adjusting stud 9 is a stepped shaft, with the upper small shaft slidingly engaging with the small hole of the guide sleeve 7, and equipped with an O-ring 8, a recess n at the top, and the lower external thread engaging with the internal thread in the large diameter of the guide sleeve 7, and an internal hexagonal hole at the bottom; the valve core 3 is located in the upper cavity of the valve sleeve 5, with the lower small shaft dynamically engaging with the inner hole of the guide sleeve 7, and the upper part is a truncated cone, the taper of which is the same as the taper of the lower chamfer of the through hole j on the bottom wall of the valve sleeve 5, the two forming the valve port V2 of the balance valve, rotating the adjusting stud 9... 9. The size of the balance valve port V2 can be adjusted to regulate the output flow rate. After adjustment, it is locked with the lock nut 10. If necessary, the balance valve port V2 can be closed and used as a stop valve. The center of the valve core 3 has an axial blind hole p drilled from the bottom end, and a radial hole q drilled above it. The two holes are connected to send the depressurized hydrogen to the bottom end of the valve core 3. The middle section of the valve core 3 has an outer convex ring. The spring 2 is set between the upper end face of the outer convex ring and the bottom wall of the valve sleeve 5. Therefore, when there is no gas supply, the balance valve port V2 is fully open, and the bottom surface of the valve core 3 rests against the top surface of the adjusting stud 9.

[0033] Working principle of the balancing valve: After depressurization, hydrogen gas enters the front chamber Z2 of the balancing valve through radial hole h, channel i, and radial hole z, and then enters the lower end of valve core 3 through radial hole q and axial blind hole p; at the same time, it enters the through hole j of valve core 3 through valve port V2, which is the rear chamber of the balancing valve. Due to the throttling and pressure reduction effect of valve port V2, a pressure difference is generated at both ends of valve core 3. When the pressure difference reaches a certain value, it moves upward against the preload of spring 2. The magnitude of the pressure difference depends on the flow rate, the preload and stiffness of spring 2, and the preset opening of valve port V2. Rotating the adjusting stud 9 can adjust the preset opening of valve port V2 and the preload of spring 2. When the thrust generated by the pressure difference at both ends of valve core 3 is balanced with the pressure of spring 2, valve core 3 is in the equilibrium position, and the flow rate passing through at this time is the set flow rate. The design of this flow and pressure regulating valve ensures that the output flow and pressure remain essentially constant when the inlet and outlet pressures or flow rates fluctuate. For example, when the input pressure decreases, the output pressure also decreases appropriately at the instant of decrease. Simultaneously, due to the decrease in the pressure difference across valve core 3, the flow rate through the balancing valve port V2 also decreases. However, the decrease in input pressure reduces the thrust acting on the lower end of valve core 3. Under the pressure of spring 2, the opening of the balancing valve port V2 increases, increasing the flow rate and thus restoring the output flow rate to essentially its original value. At the same time, the increased opening of the balancing valve port V2 reduces the throttling and pressure-reducing effect. When the downstream pressure rises, the output pressure remains essentially constant. Similarly, when a change in downstream pressure increases the flow rate, the pressure difference across valve core 3 increases instantaneously, overcoming the pressure of spring 2 and causing it to move upwards. This reduces the opening of the balancing valve port V2, thus decreasing the flow rate and restoring it to its original value. If the flow rate increases significantly (e.g., due to a downstream pipeline rupture), the pressure difference across valve core 3 increases dramatically, overcoming the pressure of spring 2 and causing the cone at the upper end of valve core 3 to press tightly against the chamfer below the through-hole j. This closes the balancing valve port V2, stopping the downstream gas supply. This valve can also be used as a shut-off valve. When the solenoid valve is under maintenance, or the outlet filter element 57 or outlet pressure sensor is replaced, the adjusting stud 9 can be rotated to close the balancing valve port V2.

[0034] The solenoid valve is located at the upper right of the cuboid valve body; see details for specific construction. Figure 5It is composed of parts such as electromagnet, slide valve 2 58, sealing gasket 55, valve seat 53, spring 7 54 and air outlet filter element 57. The electromagnet is composed of parts such as stationary iron core 43, spring 6 44, frame 45, coil 46, cylinder body 48 and moving iron core 50 with a cone at the right end. The center lines of all parts are on the same straight line. Spring 6 44 is located between stationary iron core 43 and moving iron core 50. When the solenoid valve port V4 is closed, the gap between the stationary and moving iron cores is Δ. The electromagnet's cylinder 48 slides into the corresponding hole of the valve body 1 and is equipped with an O-ring 47. The hole is positioned by an elastic retaining ring 49. The cable passes through a hole on the side of the cuboid and is fixed by a wire sealing connector 37. The slide valve 58 is similar to a bottomed cup-shaped cylinder, with its inner hole slidingly matching the outer diameter of the moving iron core 50. A small vent O1 is located at the center of the right wall, and a tapered hole is located at the left end of the small vent O1. The taper of the tapered hole is the same as the taper of the right end of the moving iron core 50. These two components form the pilot valve port V3. A shoulder is located on the outer diameter of the right wall, and a sealing gasket 55 is provided on the right end face. The valve seat 53 screws into the corresponding screw hole of the valve body 1, and the outer diameter of the left end... It slides into the corresponding hole and is equipped with an O-ring 11 51. There is a recess at the left end, the inner diameter of which is larger than the outer diameter of the slide valve 2 58. There is a protruding cone at the center of the bottom surface of the recess. There is a stepped through hole at the center of the right side of the valve seat 53. The large hole is the air outlet B1. The middle hole is equipped with an air outlet filter element 57 and is positioned by an elastic retaining ring 3 56. The air hole O2 at the left end and the annular edge formed by the protruding cone at the center of the bottom surface of the recess and the sealing gasket 55 form the valve port V4 of the solenoid valve. The spring 7 54 is located between the bottom surface of the recess of the valve seat 53 and the shoulder of the right end of the slide valve 2 58. Its thrust on the slide valve 2 58 is less than the thrust of the spring 6 44. As is well known, when coil 46 is energized, under a certain current, the electromagnetic attraction force generated on the moving iron core 50 varies exponentially with the gap Δ between the moving and stationary iron cores. If the gap Δ increases slightly, the attraction force will decrease significantly. In other words, when the gap Δ is constant, in order to increase the attraction force by a certain amount, the current through the coil must be increased significantly. Due to size limitations, the size of the electromagnet in this combined valve cannot be made very large, and the heat dissipation is poor. Therefore, in order to reduce the current through coil 46 and extend the life of the electromagnet, an electromagnet with a pilot valve is used. Figure 5This indicates the relative positions of the components when coil 46 is not energized. The air pressure in the front chamber Z3 and chamber Z4 of the solenoid valve is the downstream pressure P1 of the pressure reducing valve, and the air pressure at the outlet B1 is the low pressure P2. The top of the right cone of the moving iron core 50 closes the pilot valve port V3 under the action of spring six 44. At the same time, the slide valve two 58 closes the solenoid valve port V4 under the combined action of spring six 44 and air pressure P1. The closing force of the solenoid valve port V4 is the sum of the difference between the thrust of spring six 44 and spring seven 54 on slide valve two 58 and the force of gas P1 acting on the area of ​​the air hole O2. When the valve is opened, coil 46 is energized. Initially, when the electromagnetic attraction is less than the thrust of spring 44, spring 7 54 cannot push spool 58 to open solenoid valve port V4 due to the pressure of air pressure P1 on spool 58. When the electromagnetic attraction exceeds the thrust of spring 44, pilot valve port V3 opens, and pilot valve front chamber Z4 is connected to air outlet B1. The air pressure in pilot valve front chamber Z4 drops to P2, and a pressure difference is generated at both ends of spool 58, pushing it to move to the left, and solenoid valve port V4 opens. Once solenoid valve port V4 is open, the air pressure at both ends of spool 58 is balanced. After that, spool 58 continues to move to the left under the push of spring 7 54 until the two opposite end faces of the stationary and moving iron cores contact, and solenoid valve port V4 is fully opened. As described above, the electromagnetic force required to open the solenoid valve port V4 only needs to overcome the thrust of spring six 44, not the pressure on slide valve two 58 caused by air pressure P1. Therefore, the current through coil 46 can be significantly reduced, extending the electromagnet's lifespan. When the valve is closed, coil 46 is de-energized, and the thrust of spring six 44 overcomes the pressure of spring seven 54, pushing the moving iron core 50 and slide valve two 58 to the right until the solenoid valve port V4 is closed. The opening and closing speed of the solenoid valve port V4 depends on the size and length of the fit clearance between the moving iron core 50 and the inner hole of the frame 45. Rotating the valve seat 53 adjusts the clearance Δ, i.e., the opening degree of the solenoid valve port V4. After adjustment to the required level, it is tightened with the set screw 52.

[0035] The inflation check valve is located on the lower left side of the cuboid valve body 1. It consists of parts such as valve sleeve 25, spring 23, and valve core 24, with the center lines of all parts on the same axis. The external thread on the major diameter of valve sleeve 25 engages with the corresponding internal thread on the cuboid, and the minor diameter slides into the corresponding hole. It is equipped with an O-ring 21. The left end of the through hole x in the center of the inner hole is a stepped hole. The large hole is threaded and engages with the external thread of the inflation tool connector. The small hole is fitted with an inflation port filter element 22 and is positioned by a retaining ring. The bottom of the hole at the right end of the through hole x is machined with a groove. The orifice is equipped with a valve core 24, the left end of which is a truncated cone. The taper of the truncated cone is the same as the taper of the chamfer on the right end of the orifice x. Together, they form a one-way valve port V7. A spring 23 is installed in the blind hole in the center. Four evenly distributed radial holes are drilled on the cylinder wall at the left end of the blind hole. Therefore, when not filled with gas, the one-way valve port V7 is always tightly closed under the action of the spring 24 and the gas pressure inside the hydrogen storage bottle. Four evenly distributed radial holes are drilled at appropriate positions on the cylinder wall of the valve sleeve 25. An annular groove r is machined on the outer circle of the radial hole to allow the hydrogen gas in the bottle to pass to the vent valve. When filling with gas, due to the low gas pressure inside the bottle, the high-pressure hydrogen gas passes through the filter element 22, overcomes the pressure of the spring 23 and the back pressure, and opens the one-way valve port V7 to fill the hydrogen storage bottle.

[0036] The overpressure safety valve and overheat safety valve are designed as a single unit, located in the upper left corner of a cuboid. It consists of parts such as valve sleeve 427, valve core 429, spring 428, piston 30, fusible plug 31, adjusting stud 22, and locking nut 33, with the centerlines of all parts aligned on the same axis. The external thread on the upper part of valve sleeve 427 engages with the corresponding internal thread in the cuboid, and the lower cylinder slides into the corresponding hole. An O-ring 826 is located at the bottom chamfer, and the center has a stepped hole with internal threads machined in the larger hole and a piston 30 slidingly fitted in the smaller hole. Spring 428 is located between the upper plane of the lower cone of valve core 429 and the lower end face of piston 30. The taper of the lower cone of valve core 429 matches the taper of the chamfer above the central through hole in the bottom wall of valve sleeve 427. Together, they form the safety valve. The valve port V5 and the handle of valve core 4 29 are loosely fitted into the blind hole at the bottom of piston 30. The external thread of adjusting stud 2 32 is screwed into the internal thread of the large hole of valve sleeve 4 27. It has an internal hexagonal hole at the top and a recess at the bottom. A fusible plug 31 is placed in the recess, and a connecting hole s is provided in the center. By turning adjusting stud 2 32 with an internal hexagonal wrench, the tightness of spring 4 28 can be adjusted, which adjusts the opening pressure of safety valve port V5. The opening pressure of this combination valve is set to 70MPa. After setting, it is locked by locking nut 3 33. Four evenly distributed radial holes are drilled at appropriate positions on the cylinder wall of valve sleeve 4 27. An annular groove is machined on the outer diameter of the radial hole so that the venting chamber Z5 communicates with the venting hole B3. The internal thread in the venting hole B3 is connected to the joint of the venting pipe. During filling, when the hydrogen pressure inside the storage cylinder exceeds 70 MPa, the safety valve V5 opens, and the high-pressure hydrogen is discharged through the vent pipe to prevent the storage cylinder from exploding due to overpressure. When the temperature of the combined valve reaches 110℃±5℃, the fusible plug 31 melts into a liquid. Under the combined action of the spring 28 and the gas pressure inside the storage cylinder, it is discharged through the connecting hole S. Because the thickness of the fusible plug 31 is greater than the compression of the spring 28, the spring 28 is in a completely relaxed state during discharge and will not obstruct the discharge of hydrogen.

[0037] The vent valve is located at the lower left of the cuboid and consists of parts such as valve sleeve 17, screw 14, valve core 18, spring 19, and locking nut 15. The centerlines of all parts are on the same axis. The external thread on the major diameter of valve sleeve 17 screws into the corresponding internal thread on the cuboid. The small cylinder slides into the corresponding hole. An O-ring 20 is provided at the chamfer at the top. The inner hole has a larger diameter at both ends and a smaller diameter in the middle. The bottom of the upper hole has a groove machined into it. Valve core 18 is dynamically fitted inside the hole. The taper of the lower cone of valve core 18 is the same as the taper of the chamfer above the middle small hole. The two together form a... The vent valve port V6 has a blind hole with a spring 19. Four evenly distributed radial holes are drilled on the bottom wall of the blind hole. The lower hole has an internal thread that engages with the external thread of screw 14. Screw 14 has an internal hexagonal hole at its bottom end, with a small cylinder above it slidingly engaging with a small hole in the middle of valve sleeve 17, and an O-ring 16 is provided. The small shaft at its top is opposite to the top surface of the cone-shaped valve core 18, but not in contact with it. Four evenly distributed radial holes are drilled near the middle of the valve sleeve 17's wall. The outer diameter of each radial hole has an annular groove to communicate with the vent port B4 through a through hole t. When it is necessary to release hydrogen from the storage tank, loosen the locking nut 15, screw 14 in a certain distance, push open valve core 18, and open the vent valve port V6. At this time, the high-pressure hydrogen in the storage tank can be discharged from the vent port B4 through the relevant pipes in valve body 1 and the vent valve port V6.

[0038] There are three stainless steel balls 40 on the valve body, used for sealing the orifice after drilling the channel hole. A longitudinal through hole u is also drilled on the other side of the valve body cylinder (see...). Figure 6 The hole has internal threads at both the top and bottom. The temperature sensor 62 is inserted into the hole u from top to bottom. The external thread at the top engages with the internal thread at the top of the longitudinal through hole u and presses the O-ring seal 66. The lower threaded hole of the longitudinal through hole u engages with the clamping screw 63. A retaining ring 65 and a sealing filler 64 are provided above. Tighten the clamping screw 63 to compact the deformable sealing filler 64 and prevent high-pressure hydrogen from leaking out.

[0039] In addition to the embodiments described above, within the scope disclosed in the claims and specification of this invention, the technical features or technical data of this invention can be reselected and combined to form new implementation methods. These implementation methods not described in detail in this invention can be easily implemented by those skilled in the art without creative effort. Therefore, these implementation methods not described in detail should also be regarded as specific embodiments of this invention and within the protection scope of this invention.

Claims

1. An ultra-high pressure bottle valve, comprising a valve body (1), characterized in that: The valve body is equipped with a pressure reducing valve, a balance valve, a solenoid valve with a pilot valve, a one-way charging valve, an overpressure safety valve, an overheat safety valve, a venting valve, a filter element, a temperature sensor, and interfaces for the gas pressure inside the cylinder and the output gas pressure sensor. When charging with hydrogen, high-pressure hydrogen gas opens the one-way charging valve through the charging port filter element (22) and charges the hydrogen storage cylinder through the corresponding channel inside the valve body (1). When supplying with hydrogen, high-pressure hydrogen gas inside the cylinder is supplied to the fuel cell through the pressure reducing valve, the balance valve, the solenoid valve and the outlet filter element (57). The pressure reducing valve includes a valve sleeve five (38) and a slide valve one (39). The valve sleeve five (38) has a stepped hole in the center and a chamfer at the lower end of the upper through hole. The upper section of the slide valve one is an upper plunger, the middle section is a piston, and the lower end is a lower plunger. The upper plunger and the piston slide in the upper through hole of the valve sleeve five (38). There are several pressure equalization grooves on the outer diameter of the upper and lower plungers. There are two symmetrical semi-inverted conical grooves on the outer circle of the piston. The lower end of the piston in the middle section is a convex cone. The groove and the chamfer at the lower end of the upper through hole form the pressure reducing valve port (V1). The shape of the pressure reducing valve port (V1) is approximately two semicircles. The chamfer at the lower end of the upper through hole fits with the upper cone of the piston. The pilot valve of the solenoid valve includes a moving iron core (50) with a cone on the right end and a slide valve (58). The inner hole of the slide valve (58) is in movable fit with the outer diameter of the moving iron core (50). There is a small air hole (O1) in the center of the right wall of the slide valve (58). There is a cone hole at the left end of the small air hole (O1). The taper of the cone hole is the same as the taper of the cone at the right end of the moving iron core (50). The two together form the pilot valve port (V3).

2. The ultra-high pressure bottle valve according to claim 1, characterized in that: The valve body consists of two perpendicular parts, an upper cuboid and a lower cylinder. The external thread on the upper part of the cylinder engages with the internal thread on the upper part of the hydrogen storage bottle. The lower cylinder slides into the inner hole below the bottle opening. The groove of the lower cylinder is provided with an O-ring seal thirteen (61) and a retaining ring two (60). All components are arranged in the valve body (1) and connected by corresponding channels in the valve body (1). A longitudinal hole (a) is provided on one side of the cylinder. The top of the longitudinal hole (a) communicates with the inlet cavity (Z1) of the pressure reducing valve.

3. The ultra-high pressure bottle valve according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The pressure reducing valve is located slightly to the left of the center line of the cuboid, including spring five (36), adjusting stud three (34), locking nut four (35), retaining ring one (41), screw plug (13), and O-ring seal. The center lines of all parts are on the same axis. Valve sleeve five (38) is fitted with the corresponding hole, and both ends are positioned by the elastic retaining ring one (11). The two ends of the inner hole are threaded. The diameter of the upper through hole is slightly smaller than that of the lower through hole. There is an annular groove below the upper through hole. Adjusting stud three (36) 4) The external thread of the valve sleeve (38) is screwed into the screw hole at the upper end. It has an internal hexagonal hole at the top, a boss at the lower end, a longitudinal blind hole at the bottom center, and a radial hole at the top. The two holes are connected. The external thread of the plug (13) is screwed into the screw hole at the lower end of the valve sleeve (38). The small cylinder at the top is connected to the lower through hole of the valve sleeve (38) and is equipped with an O-ring. It has a recess at the top and an internal hexagonal hole at the lower end. The upper plunger, piston, and lower plunger are connected by the upper valve stem and the lower valve stem. The upper plunger has a diameter slightly smaller than the lower plunger. An O-ring and a retaining ring are provided in the groove above the upper plunger. The top of the slide valve has a boss, and the bottom center has an axial hole (v). The middle section of the lower valve stem has a radial hole (c). The two holes are connected. The outer diameter of the cone is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the lower through hole of valve sleeve five (38), but larger than the inner diameter of the upper through hole. The cone angle of the cone is the same as the taper of the chamfer at the lower end of the upper through hole, so it has a large hydraulic radius. After the pressure reducing valve port (V1) is closed, it will continue to rise. The rise is a double sealing structure; the spring five (36) is set between the top surface of the slide valve one (39) and the bottom surface of the adjusting stud three (34); the middle section of the valve sleeve five (38) has four evenly distributed radial holes two (e) on the cylinder wall, and a groove (d) is provided on the outer diameter of the outer opening of the radial holes two (e); the lower section of the valve sleeve five (38) has four evenly distributed radial holes three (h) on the cylinder wall, and an annular groove is provided on the outer diameter of the outer opening of the radial holes three (h), which communicates with the channel (i).

4. The ultra-high pressure bottle valve according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The balancing valve is located on the right side of the pressure reducing valve. The balancing valve consists of a throttle valve and a flow-stabilizing and pressure-stabilizing valve, including a spring, a valve core, a valve sleeve, a guide sleeve, an adjusting stud, a locking nut, and an O-ring. The center lines of each part are on the same axis. The valve sleeve (5) is a stepped cylinder. The medium and small cylinders slide in the corresponding inner holes and are each provided with an O-ring (6) and an O-ring (59). The external thread on the major diameter is screwed into the corresponding threaded hole of the valve body (1). Its inner hole is a stepped hole and is provided with an O-ring (6) and an O-ring (59) on the major diameter. The bottom wall has an internal thread and a through hole (j) at its center. The lower end of the through hole (j) has a chamfer. The bottom wall has four evenly distributed radial holes (k) on its periphery. The outer opening of the radial holes (k) has an annular groove. The middle section of the valve sleeve (5) has four evenly distributed radial holes (z) on its pipe wall. The outer diameter of the outer opening of the radial holes (z) has an annular groove that communicates with the channel (i). The external thread of the lower part of the guide sleeve (7) engages with the internal thread on the major diameter of the valve sleeve (5). The upper cylinder slides with the inner hole of the valve sleeve (5) and is provided with... There is an O-ring seal 1 (4), with a stepped hole in the center and an internal thread in the large diameter; the adjusting stud 1 (9) is a stepped shaft, with the upper small shaft slidingly engaging with the small hole of the guide sleeve (7), and an O-ring seal 3 (8) with a recess (n) at the top, the lower external thread engaging with the internal thread in the large diameter of the guide sleeve (7), and an internal hexagonal hole at the bottom; the valve core 1 (3) is set in the upper cavity of the valve sleeve 1 (5), with the lower small shaft engaging with the inner hole of the guide sleeve (7), and the upper part is a truncated cone with a taper of The taper of the lower end of the through hole (j) on the bottom wall of valve sleeve (5) is the same. The two together form the valve port (V2) of the balance valve. By rotating the adjusting stud (9), the size of the valve port (V2) of the balance valve can be adjusted. After adjustment, it is locked with the locking nut (10) and can be used as a stop valve. The center of valve core (3) has an axial blind hole (p) from the bottom and a radial hole (q) above it. The two holes are connected. The middle section of valve core (3) has an outer convex ring. Spring (2) is set between the upper end face of the outer convex ring and the bottom wall of valve sleeve (5).

5. The ultra-high pressure bottle valve according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The solenoid valve is located on the upper right side of the cuboid valve body (1), and includes an electromagnet, a slide valve (58), a sealing gasket (55), a valve seat (53), a spring (54), and an air outlet filter element (57). The electromagnet includes a stationary iron core (43), a spring (44), a frame (45), a coil (46), a cylinder (48), and a moving iron core (50) with a cone at the right end. The center lines of all parts are on the same straight line. The spring (44) is located between the stationary iron core (43) and the moving iron core. Between (50), when the solenoid valve port (V4) is closed, the gap between the stationary and moving iron cores is Δ. The cylinder body (48) of the electromagnet slides with the corresponding hole of the valve body (1) and is provided with an O-ring seal (47). The hole is positioned by an elastic retaining ring (49). The cable passes through the hole on the side of the cuboid and is fixed by the wire sealing connector (37). The slide valve (58) is similar to a bottomed cup-shaped cylinder with a shoulder on the outer diameter of the right wall and a sealing gasket (5) on the right end face. 5) The valve seat (53) is screwed into the corresponding screw hole of the valve body (1). The outer diameter of the left end slides with the corresponding hole and is provided with an O-ring seal eleven (51). There is a recess on the left end. The inner diameter of the recess is larger than the outer diameter of the slide valve two (58). There is a protruding cone at the center of the bottom surface of the recess. There is a stepped through hole at the center of the right side of the valve seat (53). The large hole is the air outlet hole (B1). The middle hole is provided with an air outlet filter element (57) and is positioned by an elastic retaining ring three (56). The vent (O2) at the left end and the annular cutting edge formed by the convex cone at the center of the bottom of the pit and the sealing gasket (55) constitute the valve port (V4) of the solenoid valve; the spring seven (54) is located between the bottom of the pit of the valve seat (53) and the shoulder of the right end of the slide valve two (58), and its thrust on the slide valve two (58) is less than the thrust of the spring six (44); rotating the valve seat (53) can adjust the gap Δ, that is, the opening of the solenoid valve port (V4), and after adjusting to meet the requirements, it is tightened with the set screw (52).

6. The ultra-high pressure bottle valve according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The inflation check valve is located on the lower left side of the cuboid valve body (1), including valve sleeve three (25), spring three (23), and valve core three (24). The center lines of each part are on the same axis. The external thread on the major diameter of valve sleeve three (25) is screwed into the corresponding internal thread on the cuboid, and the minor diameter is slidably fitted with the corresponding hole. It is also equipped with an O-ring seal seven (21). The left end of the through hole two (x) in the center of the inner hole is a stepped hole. The large hole is threaded, and the small hole is fitted with an inflation port filter element (22) and a retaining ring. Positioning, the bottom of the right end of the through hole 2 (x) is machined with a groove, and the valve core 3 (24) is movably fitted in the hole. The left end of the valve core 3 (24) is a truncated cone, and the taper of the truncated cone is the same as the taper of the chamfer on the right end of the through hole 2 (x). The two form a one-way valve port (V7). The blind hole in the center is equipped with a spring 3 (23), and the cylinder wall at the left end of the blind hole is equipped with 4 evenly distributed radial holes. The cylinder wall of the valve sleeve 3 (25) is equipped with 4 evenly distributed radial holes, and the outer circle of the outer opening of the radial holes is equipped with an annular groove (r).

7. The ultra-high pressure bottle valve according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The overpressure safety valve and the overheat safety valve are integrated into one structure, located in the upper left of the cuboid. It includes valve sleeve four (27), valve core four (29), spring four (28), piston (30), fusible plug (31), adjusting stud two (32), and locking nut three (33). The center lines of each part are located on the same axis. The external thread on the upper part of valve sleeve four (27) is screwed into the corresponding internal thread in the cuboid. The lower cylinder slides into the corresponding hole. An O-ring eight (26) is provided at the bottom chamfer. The center has a stepped hole. The large hole is machined with internal threads, and the small hole slides into the piston (30). The lower cone of valve core four (29) has... A spring four (28) is provided between the plane and the lower end face of the piston (30). The taper of the lower cone of the valve core four (29) is consistent with the taper of the chamfer above the center through hole of the bottom wall of the valve sleeve four (27). The two together form the valve port (V5) of the safety valve. The shank of the valve core four (29) is loosely fitted in the blind hole at the bottom end of the piston (30). The external thread of the adjusting stud two (32) is screwed into the internal thread of the large hole of the valve sleeve four (27). The top end is provided with an internal hexagonal hole, the bottom end is provided with a pit, and the center is provided with a connecting hole (s). A fusion plug block (31) is provided in the pit. The cylinder wall of the valve sleeve four (27) is provided with four evenly distributed radial holes. The outer diameter of the outer opening of the radial holes is provided with an annular groove.

8. The ultra-high pressure bottle valve according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The vent valve is located at the lower left of the cuboid and includes valve sleeve 2 (17), screw (14), valve core 2 (18), spring 2 (19), and locking nut 2 (15). The center lines of each part are on the same axis. The external thread on the major diameter of valve sleeve 2 (17) is screwed into the corresponding internal thread on the cuboid. The small cylinder slides into the corresponding hole. An O-ring 6 (20) is provided at the chamfer at the top. The diameters at both ends of the inner hole are large, and the diameter in the middle is small. A groove is provided at the bottom of the upper hole. Valve core 2 (18) is movably fitted inside the hole. The taper of the lower cone of valve core 2 (18) is consistent with the taper above the middle small hole. The taper of the angle is the same, and the two form the vent valve port (V6). A spring two (19) is provided in the blind hole. Four evenly distributed radial holes are provided on the cylinder wall at the bottom of the blind hole. An internal thread is provided in the lower hole, which is screwed into the external thread of the screw (14). The bottom end of the screw (14) has an internal hexagonal hole. The small cylinder above slides into the small hole in the middle of the valve sleeve two (17) and is provided with an O-ring five (16). The small shaft at the top is opposite to the top surface of the cone of the valve core two (18). Four evenly distributed radial holes are provided near the middle of the cylinder wall of the valve sleeve two (17). An annular groove is provided on the outer diameter of the outer opening of the radial holes.

9. The ultra-high pressure bottle valve according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: On the other side of the cylinder of the valve body (1), there is a longitudinal through hole (u). Both ends of the longitudinal through hole (u) have internal threads. The temperature sensor (62) is inserted into the longitudinal through hole (u) from top to bottom. The external thread at the upper end is screwed into the internal thread at the upper end of the longitudinal through hole (u) and the O-ring seal fourteen (66) is pressed. The lower screw hole of the longitudinal through hole (u) is screwed into the clamping screw (63). The retaining ring three (65) and sealing packing (64) are provided above.

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