A driving steering mechanism

Abstract

The invention discloses a driving steering mechanism, comprising a housing, a bottom plate, left and right upper cover plates, left and right side cover plates, a driving mechanism and a steering mechanism, wherein the driving mechanism comprises a differential assembly, left and right first vertical shafts, a first bevel gear set, a gear set, left and right second vertical shafts, a second bevel gear set and a wheel side assembly, wherein the wheel side assembly is provided with a left and right power output shaft, respectively, and the left and right second vertical shafts are connected to the left and right power output shafts through the left and right second bevel gear sets, respectively; the steering mechanism comprises a left and right steering shaft and a steering oil cylinder for driving the left and right steering shafts to rotate synchronously, wherein the left and right steering shafts are rotatably arranged between the bottom of the left and right gear boxes on both sides of the housing and the bottom plate. The invention has a simple and compact structure, a small volume, and power transmission and steering do not interfere with each other, can realize large-angle steering in a small space, and can reach 90-degree steering, and can also ensure accurate synchronization of the front and rear tires when the vehicle is traveling for four-wheel drive vehicles with different front and rear tire diameters.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a driving steering mechanism, belonging to the technical field of vehicle driving steering. Background Art

[0002] For existing vehicles, taking forklifts as an example: the design of forklift tire selection should be: the front axle tires are mainly load-bearing, so large-diameter tires are selected; the rear axle tires are mainly for steering, so small-diameter tires are selected. This way, the space required for steering is small, the turning radius is small, the steering is flexible, the friction is small, and it is also easy to turn the steering wheel.

[0003] If the rear wheels are only used for steering and the two-wheel drive vehicle has no driving function, the rear wheels are driven wheels, and small-diameter tires are selected to ensure the synchronization of the front and rear tires during the vehicle's driving. However, when facing rainy and muddy road conditions, the two-wheel drive vehicle will have insufficient power and cannot work normally.

[0004] For engineering vehicles such as four-wheel drive forklifts on the market, the gearbox output shaft is an integral shaft with a rigid connection. The front and rear ends of the shaft are respectively connected to the front drive axle and the rear drive axle. If the front and rear tires have the same diameter, the front and rear wheels can be synchronized during driving. If the rear tires are of a small diameter, the front and rear tires will be out of sync, causing great resistance between the gearbox and the front and rear drive axles during driving, damaging the axles and gearboxes, and increasing tire wear.

[0005] The steering drive axle available on the market, the power of the vehicle's gearbox is input through the input power shaft of the steering drive axle, and then the power is transmitted upward through the primary speed gear and the secondary speed gear, and then the power direction is changed through the differential assembly located at the top, and the power is transmitted to the left and right power output shafts, and the power is transmitted downward to the wheel side reduction shaft head through the power output shaft. Although its steering angle can reach 60 degrees, because the differential assembly of the steering drive axle is at the top, when a small-sized differential assembly is selected, the height of the entire box can reach 600mm, and if a slightly larger-sized differential is selected, the entire steering drive axle will be larger in size and higher in height. For engineering vehicles, a cooling water tank must be set on the top of the steering drive axle. A steering drive axle that is too high will reduce the size of the water tank, affecting the heat dissipation effect. In addition, due to its complex power transmission structure, the existing steering drive axle is difficult to adjust the front and rear wheels synchronously for different diameters of the front and rear tires, and it is not easy to adjust. Summary of the invention

[0006] The present invention aims at the deficiencies of the prior art and provides a steering drive axle which has a simple and compact structure, occupies a small space, has no interference in steering and power transmission, has a wheel turning angle of up to 90 degrees, and can ensure synchronization of the front and rear wheels of the vehicle.

[0007] The technical solution of the present invention to solve the above technical problems is as follows: a driving steering mechanism, comprising a housing, a bottom plate, left and right upper cover plates, left and right side cover plates, a driving mechanism and a steering mechanism;

[0008] The housing is arranged above the bottom plate, a differential assembly mounting shell and a hoisting swing mounting hole are arranged in the middle of the housing, the hoisting swing mounting hole is arranged above the differential assembly mounting shell, a left bevel gear box and a right bevel gear box are arranged on both sides of the differential assembly mounting shell, sealing plates are arranged at the bottom of the left bevel gear box and the right bevel gear box, a left gear box and a right gear box are arranged above the left bevel gear box and the right bevel gear box, and oil passages are arranged in the left and right gear boxes respectively;

[0009] The steering mechanism comprises a left steering shaft, a right steering shaft, a left turning arm, a right turning arm and a steering cylinder for synchronously rotating the left and right steering shafts. A hoisting guide shaft for guiding the steering cylinder is arranged in the hoisting swing installation hole. The left and right driving ends of the steering cylinder are respectively hinged to the left and right steering shafts through the left turning arm and the right turning arm.

[0010] The driving mechanism includes a differential assembly for inputting power, a left first vertical shaft and a right first vertical shaft rotatably arranged on the left and right sides of the housing, a gear set respectively arranged in the left and right gear boxes, a left second vertical shaft and a right second vertical shaft correspondingly arranged in the left and right steering shafts, and a wheel side assembly respectively arranged on the outside of the left and right steering shafts, the gear sets are respectively arranged in the left and right gear boxes, the differential assembly is arranged in the differential assembly mounting housing, a left half shaft and a right half shaft are arranged on both sides of the differential assembly, the left and right half shafts are respectively connected to the left and right first vertical shafts through the first bevel gear set, the left and right first vertical shafts are respectively connected to the corresponding left and right second vertical shafts through the gear set, a left power output shaft and a right power output shaft are respectively arranged in the wheel side assembly, and the left and right second vertical shafts are respectively connected to the corresponding left and right power output shafts through the second bevel gear set.

[0011] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the driving steering mechanism can be arranged on the front driving axle or the rear driving axle of the vehicle, and the steering mechanism can freely turn 90 degrees left and right. The power is directly transmitted to the power transmission components on both sides through the differential assembly to realize power transmission. Compared with the existing steering drive structure, there is no need to transmit the gearbox power to the upper differential first and then transmit it down, which significantly reduces the height of the steering drive axle and avoids affecting the layout of the vehicle cooling water tank. The differential assembly is not located at the top of the shell, but is arranged in the middle of the shell, so a large-sized differential assembly can be selected, which will not affect the overall height of the steering drive axle; the steering part adopts a steering shaft, and the steering cylinder drives the left and right steering shafts to steer synchronously. Compared with the steering box, it is small in size and flexible in rotation, and can realize large-angle steering. The steering angle can reach 90 degrees, and the vehicle can turn in a small space. If the front and rear axles of the four-wheel drive vehicle use this driving steering structure, the vehicle can move sideways; a gear set is also added in the left and right gear boxes. The setting of the gear set can set the transmission ratio of power transmission according to the diameter of the front and rear tires of the vehicle, so that the synchronization of the front and rear wheels can be accurately guaranteed; it can be widely used in vehicles with different front and rear wheel diameters. In summary, the present invention has a simple and compact structure, a small size, and power transmission and steering do not interfere with each other. It can achieve large-angle steering in a small space, even up to 90 degrees. For four-wheel drive vehicles with front and rear tires of different diameters, it can also ensure the precise synchronization of the front and rear tires when the vehicle is moving.

[0012] Based on the above technical solution, the present invention can also be improved as follows.

[0013] Furthermore, the gear set includes two gears, namely an input gear and an output gear, the gears are respectively arranged in the left and right gear boxes through bearings, the input gear is arranged on the left and right first vertical shafts, and the output gear is arranged on the left and right second vertical shafts.

[0014] The beneficial effect of adopting the above further scheme is that the input gear is set at the top of the left and right first vertical shafts; the output gear is set at the top of the left and right second vertical shafts, and the input gear, the output gear and the vertical shaft are connected by splines. The gear set can set the number of teeth of the gear according to the size ratio of the front and rear axle tires, and the power transmission of the gear set can ensure the precise synchronization of the front and rear axles. In the process of power transmission, the transmission ratio of the gear set can be set according to the diameter of the tire, so that the synchronization of the front and rear wheels can be accurately guaranteed; the gear set can be selected from helical gear transmission or straight gear transmission, and can be a pair or multiple gear transmissions. When a pair is set, only one input gear and one output gear are required to adjust the synchronization of the front and rear wheels of the vehicle.

[0015] Furthermore, at least one transition gear is provided between the input gear and the output gear, and the gear shaft of the transition gear is rotatably provided in the left and right gear boxes.

[0016] The beneficial effect of adopting the above further scheme is that the gear set can be a pair or a multiple gear transmission. When there are multiple gear transmissions, a transition gear can be set between the input gear and the output gear, and the synchronization of the front and rear wheels of the vehicle can be adjusted by adjusting the number of teeth on the gear.

[0017] Furthermore, the gear group includes two sets of bevel gear groups and a bevel gear transmission shaft, the bevel gear transmission shaft is rotatably installed in the left and right gear boxes, and the two ends of the bevel gear transmission shaft are respectively connected to the two sets of bevel gear groups; one set of bevel gear groups is respectively arranged on the left and right first vertical shafts, and the other set of bevel gear groups is respectively arranged on the left and right second vertical shafts, and the synchronization of the front and rear wheels of the vehicle can be adjusted by adjusting the number of teeth of the bevel gear groups.

[0018] The beneficial effect of adopting the above further solution is that the gear set can select spur gear transmission, helical gear transmission, or bevel gear transmission to achieve power transmission and adjustment of the synchronization of the front and rear wheels of the vehicle.

[0019] Furthermore, wear-resistant shafts are respectively provided on the left and right sides of the shell, and shaft holes are provided in the wear-resistant shafts for the left and right second vertical shafts to rotate. The upper parts of the left and right steering shafts are connected to the wear-resistant shafts through bearings and / or bushings, and the lower parts of the left and right steering shafts are connected to the base plate through bearings and / or bushings.

[0020] The beneficial effect of adopting the above further scheme is that the wear-resistant shaft is arranged at the bottom of the left and right gear boxes, and the wear-resistant shaft can be arranged to be detachable, such as being fixed to the housing with bolts, or being an integral structure with the housing. The left and right second vertical shafts rotate in the wear-resistant shafts, the upper parts of the left and right steering shafts are connected to the wear-resistant shafts through bearings and / or sleeves, and the lower parts of the left and right steering shafts are connected to the bottom plate through bearings and / or sleeves. The wear-resistant shaft can support the rotation of the steering shaft, thereby realizing the rotation of the left and right steering shafts between the housing and the bottom plate.

[0021] Furthermore, one end of the steering cylinder is connected to the left steering shaft through a left turning arm, and the other end is connected to the right steering shaft through a right turning arm.

[0022] The beneficial effect of adopting the above further scheme is that ear plates are provided on the left and right steering shafts, and hinge holes are provided on the ear plates, which are respectively hinged to the left and right crank arms through pin shafts. Oil drain ports are provided at the lower parts of the left and right steering shafts. The piston rod of the steering cylinder is hinged to the crank arm, and the crank arm is hinged to the ear plate, and the steering cylinder realizes the synchronous driving of the left and right steering shafts. The steering volume of the steering shaft is much smaller than that of the steering box on the market, and the space required for steering becomes smaller, so that the turning angle can reach 90°.

[0023] Furthermore, the hoisting guide shaft is perpendicular to the length direction of the steering cylinder, and a lifting ring or a hanging plate is provided on the steering cylinder, and a guide shaft hole matching with the hoisting guide shaft is provided on the lifting ring or the hanging plate.

[0024] The beneficial effect of adopting the above further scheme is that, on the one hand, the driving steering mechanism can be hoisted to achieve a small left and right swing of the driving steering mechanism. On the other hand, the range of motion of the steering cylinder can be guided and limited to avoid the axial movement of the cylinder body of the steering cylinder. The steering cylinder is connected to the housing through a guide shaft. The steering cylinder drives the left and right steering shafts to rotate up to 90 degrees, which can achieve the side shift of the vehicle.

[0025] Furthermore, a positioning pin is provided between the shell and the bottom plate.

[0026] The beneficial effect of adopting the above further solution is that, on the one hand, it can improve the precise positioning between the shell and the base plate, which is convenient for the installation of the fastening bolts, and on the other hand, when the bolts become loose, the positioning between the base plate and the shell can still be maintained by the positioning pins.

[0027] Furthermore, a retaining edge for positioning the shell is provided at the edge of the bottom plate.

[0028] The beneficial effect of adopting the above further scheme is that, on the one hand, the supporting strength of the base plate is increased, and on the other hand, when the tire is turning, if the torque between the shell and the base plate is too large, the shell can be positioned by the base plate retaining edge, which can weaken the shear stress of the fastening bolts, prevent the bolts from loosening or breaking, and extend the service life of the drive steering mechanism.

[0029] Furthermore, the first bevel gear group is respectively arranged in the left bevel gear box and the right bevel gear box through bearings, and the lower bearing is positioned by a sealing plate with a step; the second bevel gear group is respectively arranged in the left and right steering shafts through bearings, and the side bearings are positioned by the flange of the wheel side assembly.

[0030] The beneficial effect of adopting the above further solution is that the wheel side assembly is respectively arranged on the outside of the left and right steering shafts and turns with the shafts. The horizontally arranged bevel gear is arranged in the steering shaft and is concentric with the wheel side assembly. The installation and positioning of the bevel gear group is achieved through the bearing, and the installation and maintenance are convenient and fast. The power transmission between the second bevel gear group and the wheel side assembly is carried out in the left and right steering shafts, so that the steering of the left and right steering shafts is not affected while driving the wheels to rotate.

[0031] Furthermore, the tops of the left and right first vertical shafts and the left and right second vertical shafts are provided with limit stoppers.

[0032] The beneficial effect of adopting the above further solution is that the limit baffle is installed on the upper part of the gear through the locking bolt, which can achieve stable limiting of the vertical shaft.

[0033] Furthermore, the shell and the base plate are connected by fastening bolts.

[0034] The beneficial effect of adopting the above further solution is that installation and maintenance are convenient and quick.

[0035] Furthermore, the left and right sides of the bottom plate are respectively provided with step sleeves for mounting bearings or bushings, and an outer fender and an inner fender are provided at the bottom of the sleeves.

[0036] The beneficial effect of adopting the above further solution is that the inner fender is fixed to the bottom of the left and right steering shafts, and the outer fender is fixed to the bottom of the lower bottom plate sleeve. The steering shaft and the bottom plate are connected through a bearing, and the fender can not only axially position the inner and outer rings of the bearing, but also prevent sand from entering the bearing to protect the bearing. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0037] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure along the AA direction;

[0039] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the top view of the structure of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure along the BB direction;

[0041] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the gear set of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 7 It is a structural schematic diagram of the wheel turning 70 degrees to the left in the present invention;

[0044] Figure 8 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention in which the wheel turns right 70 degrees;

[0045] Fig. 9 It is a structural schematic diagram of the wheel turning 90 degrees to the left in the present invention;

[0046] Fig.10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the wheel turning right 90 degrees in the present invention;

[0047] In the figure, 1, housing; 2, bottom plate; 3, differential assembly mounting housing; 4, hoisting swing mounting hole; 5, left bevel gear box; 6, right bevel gear box; 7, left gear box; 8, right gear box; 9, left steering shaft; 10, right steering shaft; 11, steering cylinder; 12, left turning arm; 13, right turning arm; 14, differential assembly; 15, left half shaft; 16, right half shaft; 17, left first vertical shaft; 18, right first vertical shaft; 19, left second vertical shaft; 20, right second vertical shaft Shaft; 21, left power output shaft; 22, right power output shaft; 23, first bevel gear set; 24, gear set; 25, second bevel gear set; 26, wheel side assembly; 27, wear-resistant shaft; 28, input gear; 29, output gear; 30, bearing; 31, bushing; 32, lifting guide shaft; 33, positioning pin; 34, fastening bolt; 35, outer fender; 36, inner fender; 37, upper cover; 38, side cover; 39, limit baffle; 40, sealing plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0048] The principles and features of the present invention are described below in conjunction with examples. The examples are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0049] Embodiment 1, as Figure 1-Figure 10 As shown, a driving steering mechanism comprises a housing 1, a bottom plate 2, left and right upper cover plates 37, left and right side cover plates 38, a driving mechanism and a steering mechanism;

[0050] The housing 1 is arranged above the bottom plate 2, and a differential assembly mounting shell 3 and a hoisting swing mounting hole 4 are arranged in the middle of the housing 1. The hoisting swing mounting hole 4 is arranged above the differential assembly mounting shell 3. A left bevel gear box 5 and a right bevel gear box 6 are arranged on both sides of the differential assembly mounting shell 3, respectively. A left gear box 7 and a right gear box 8 are arranged above the left and right bevel gear boxes, respectively, and oil passages are arranged in the left and right gear boxes, respectively.

[0051] The steering mechanism includes a left steering shaft 9, a right steering shaft 10, a left turning arm 12, a right turning arm 13, and a steering cylinder 11 for synchronously rotating the left and right steering shafts. A hoisting guide shaft 32 for guiding the steering cylinder is provided in the hoisting swing installation hole 4. The left and right driving ends of the steering cylinder are respectively hinged to the left and right steering shafts.

[0052] The driving mechanism includes a differential assembly 14 for inputting power, a left first vertical shaft 17 and a right first vertical shaft 18 rotatably arranged on the left and right sides of the housing, a gear set 24 arranged in the left and right gear boxes, a left second vertical shaft 19 and a right second vertical shaft 20 correspondingly arranged in the left and right steering shafts, and a wheel side assembly 26 arranged outside the left and right steering shafts, wherein the gear sets are arranged in the left and right gear boxes respectively, the differential assembly is arranged in the differential assembly mounting housing, a left half shaft 15 and a right half shaft 16 are arranged on both sides of the differential assembly, the left and right half shafts are respectively connected to the left and right first vertical shafts through the first bevel gear set 23, the left and right first vertical shafts are respectively connected to the corresponding left and right second vertical shafts through the gear set, a left power output shaft 21 and a right power output shaft 22 are respectively arranged in the wheel side assembly, and the left and right second vertical shafts are respectively connected to the corresponding left and right power output shafts through the second bevel gear set 25.

[0053] The gear set 24 includes two gears, namely an input gear 28 and an output gear 29. The gears are respectively arranged in the left and right gear boxes through bearings. The input gear is arranged on the left and right first vertical shafts, and the output gear is arranged on the left and right second vertical shafts. The input gear is correspondingly arranged at the top of the left and right first vertical shafts, and the output gear is correspondingly arranged at the top of the left and right second vertical shafts. The gears and the vertical shafts are connected by splines. In the process of power transmission, the transmission ratio of the gear set can be set according to the diameter of the tire, so that the synchronization of the front and rear wheels can be accurately guaranteed; the gear set can be selected from helical gear transmission or spur gear transmission, and can be a pair or multiple gear transmissions. When a pair is set, only one input gear and one output gear are required to adjust the synchronization of the front and rear wheels of the vehicle.

[0054] The left and right sides of the housing 1 are provided with wear-resistant shafts 27, and shaft holes for the left and right second vertical shafts to rotate are provided in the wear-resistant shafts. The upper parts of the left and right steering shafts are connected to the wear-resistant shafts through bearings 30 and / or sleeves 31, and the lower parts of the left and right steering shafts are connected to the bottom plate through bearings 30 and / or sleeves 31. The wear-resistant shafts are arranged at the bottom of the left and right gear boxes, and the wear-resistant shafts can be arranged to be detachable, such as being fixed to the housing with bolts, or being an integral structure with the housing. The left and right second vertical shafts rotate in the wear-resistant shafts, and the lower parts of the wear-resistant shafts are connected to the upper parts of the left and right steering shafts through bearings and / or sleeves, and the lower parts of the left and right steering shafts are connected to the bottom plate through bearings and / or sleeves. The wear-resistant shafts serve the purpose of supporting the steering shafts to rotate, thereby realizing the rotation of the left and right steering shafts between the housing and the bottom plate.

[0055] One end of the steering cylinder 11 is connected to the left steering shaft through the left turning arm 12, and the other end is connected to the right steering shaft through the right turning arm 13. Ear plates are provided on the left and right steering shafts, and hinge holes are provided on the ear plates, which are respectively hinged to the left and right turning arms through pins. Oil drain ports are provided at the lower parts of the left and right steering shafts. The piston rod of the steering cylinder is hinged to the turning arm, and the turning arm is hinged to the ear plate, and the steering of the left and right steering shafts is synchronously driven by the steering cylinder. The steering volume of the steering shaft is much smaller than that of the steering box on the market, and the space required for steering is reduced, so that the turning angle can reach 90°.

[0056] The hoisting guide shaft 32 is perpendicular to the length direction of the steering cylinder. The steering cylinder is provided with a lifting ring or a hanging plate. The lifting ring or the hanging plate is provided with a guide shaft hole matched with the lifting guide shaft. On the one hand, it can play a role in hoisting the driving steering mechanism, so as to realize the small left and right swing of the driving steering mechanism. On the other hand, the movable range of the steering cylinder can be guided and limited to avoid the axial movement of the cylinder body of the steering cylinder. The steering cylinder is connected to the housing through the lifting guide shaft. The steering cylinder drives the left and right steering shafts to rotate up to 90 degrees. If the front and rear axles of the four-wheel drive vehicle use this driving steering structure, the vehicle can move sideways.

[0057] A positioning pin 33 is provided between the housing and the bottom plate. On the one hand, the accurate positioning between the housing and the bottom plate can be improved to facilitate the installation of the fastening bolts, and on the other hand, when the bolts are loose, the positioning between the bottom plate and the housing can still be maintained by the positioning pin.

[0058] The edge of the bottom plate 2 is provided with a rib for positioning the housing 1. On the one hand, the supporting strength of the bottom plate is increased, and on the other hand, if the torque between the housing and the bottom plate is too large during tire steering, the housing can be positioned by the bottom plate rib, which can weaken the shear stress of the fastening bolts 34, prevent the bolts from loosening or breaking, and extend the service life of the driving steering mechanism.

[0059] The first bevel gear set 23 is respectively arranged in the left bevel gear box and the right bevel gear box through bearings, and the lower bearing is positioned by a sealing plate 40 with a step; the second bevel gear set 25 is respectively arranged in the left and right steering shafts through bearings, and the side bearings are positioned by the flange of the wheel side assembly 26. The wheel side assembly is respectively arranged on the outside of the left and right steering shafts and turns with the shafts. The horizontally arranged bevel gear is arranged in the steering shaft and is concentric with the wheel side assembly. The installation and positioning of the bevel gear set is achieved through bearings, and the installation and maintenance are convenient and quick. The power transmission between the second bevel gear set 25 and the wheel side assembly is carried out in the left and right steering shafts, so that the steering of the left and right steering shafts is not affected while driving the wheels to rotate.

[0060] The tops of the left and right first vertical shafts and the left and right second vertical shafts are provided with limit baffles 39. The limit baffles are installed on the upper part of the gear through locking bolts to achieve stable limit of the vertical shafts.

[0061] The housing and the bottom plate are connected by fastening bolts 34. Installation and maintenance are convenient and quick.

[0062] The left and right sides of the bottom plate are respectively provided with step sleeves for mounting bearings or sleeves, and the bottom of the sleeves are provided with outer fenders 35 and inner fenders 36. The inner fenders are fixed to the bottom of the left and right steering shafts, and the outer fenders are fixed to the bottom of the lower bottom plate sleeve. The steering shaft is connected to the bottom plate through a bearing, and the fenders can not only axially position the inner and outer rings of the bearings, but also prevent sand from entering the bearings to protect the bearings.

[0063] In the second embodiment, at least one transition gear is further provided between the input gear and the output gear, and the gear shaft of the transition gear is rotatably provided in the left and right gear boxes respectively. The gear set can be a pair or multiple gear transmissions. When multiple gear transmissions are used, a transition gear can be provided between the input gear and the output gear, and the synchronization of the front and rear wheels of the vehicle can be adjusted by adjusting the number of teeth of the multiple gears. The remaining structures are the same as those in the first embodiment, and will not be described in detail here.

[0064] In the third embodiment, the gear set includes two sets of bevel gear sets and a bevel gear transmission shaft. The bevel gear transmission shaft is rotatably installed in the left and right gear boxes, and the two ends of the bevel gear transmission shaft are respectively connected to the two sets of bevel gear sets. The gear set can be a straight gear transmission, a helical gear transmission, or a bevel gear transmission to achieve power transmission and adjust the synchronization of the front and rear wheels of the vehicle. The remaining structure is the same as that of the first embodiment, and will not be described in detail here.

[0065] The highlight of this driving steering mechanism is that power output and steering are independent movements, and the power transmission is not affected when the tire is turned. It can be used for the front axle and / or rear axle of an engineering vehicle. When the front axle and rear axle of the vehicle can use the steering drive axle at the same time, the front axle is set to a fixed structure, and the rear axle is set to a swinging structure. When the front and rear wheels of the vehicle turn 90 degrees, the vehicle can also have a side shift effect. This steering drive axle can solve the problem of different diameters of the front and rear wheels of a four-wheel drive vehicle and ensure the synchronization of the front and rear wheels. In the process of power transmission, the synchronization of the front and rear wheels can be accurately guaranteed according to the diameter of the tire and the setting of the transmission ratio of the gear set. The gear set can be selected from helical gear transmission, spur gear transmission, or bevel gear group transmission, and can be a pair or multiple gear transmissions. It only needs to adjust the synchronization of the front and rear tires by adjusting the gear ratio of the gear set. If a pair of gears are used for transmission, and the diameters of the front and rear wheels of the vehicle are the same, the input gear 28 and the output gear 29 have the same number of teeth, and the synchronization of the front and rear wheels can be achieved; if the front wheel load-bearing diameter is 880mm and the rear wheel steering flexible diameter is 770mm, the gear ratio of the input gear 28 and the output gear 29 can be adjusted to 24:21 or 32:28, etc. The drive shaft of the vehicle's gearbox is connected to the front drive axle forward to drive the front wheel to move, and connected to the rear drive axle backward to drive the steering axle to drive the rear wheel to rotate. The rear drive axle adopts the driving steering mechanism, and the synchronization of the front and rear wheels of the vehicle is adjusted through the driving steering axle to achieve precise synchronization of the front and rear wheels. The steering cylinder using a two-way oil cylinder, the hoisting guide shaft that makes the driving steering mechanism swing and the guide oil cylinder reciprocate, the left and right steering shafts set between the bottom plate and the shell, and the crank arm between the two-way oil cylinder and the steering shaft are connected by a pin shaft to form a connecting rod mechanism. The synchronous steering of the wheel side assemblies on both sides of the mechanism is achieved through the reciprocating motion of the oil cylinder and the extension and contraction of the piston rod of the oil cylinder.

[0066] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A driving steering mechanism, characterized in that: It comprises a housing (1), a bottom plate (2), left and right upper cover plates (37), left and right side cover plates (38), a driving mechanism and a steering mechanism; The housing is arranged above the bottom plate, a differential assembly mounting shell (3) and a hoisting swing mounting hole (4) are arranged in the middle of the housing, the hoisting swing mounting hole is arranged above the differential assembly mounting shell, a left bevel gear box (5) and a right bevel gear box (6) are arranged on both sides of the differential assembly mounting shell, a left gear box (7) and a right gear box (8) are arranged above the left bevel gear box and the right bevel gear box, respectively, and oil passages are arranged in the left and right gear boxes respectively; The steering mechanism comprises a left steering shaft (9), a right steering shaft (10), a left turning arm (12), a right turning arm (13) and a steering cylinder (11) for synchronously rotating the left and right steering shafts; a hoisting guide shaft (32) for guiding the steering cylinder (11) is provided in the hoisting swing installation hole; the left and right driving ends of the steering cylinder are respectively hinged to the left and right steering shafts through the left turning arm and the right turning arm; The driving mechanism comprises a differential assembly (14) for inputting power, a left first vertical shaft (17) and a right first vertical shaft (18) rotatably arranged on the left and right sides of the housing, a gear set (24) respectively arranged in the left and right gear boxes, a left second vertical shaft (19) and a right second vertical shaft (20) correspondingly arranged in the left and right steering shafts, and a wheel side assembly (26) arranged outside the left and right steering shafts, the left and right gear sets respectively arranged in the left and right gear boxes, and the differential assembly arranged in the differential In the assembly installation shell, a left half shaft (15) and a right half shaft (16) are arranged on both sides of the differential assembly, and the left and right half shafts are respectively connected to the left and right first vertical shafts through the left and right first bevel gear sets (23), and the left and right first vertical shafts are respectively connected to the corresponding left and right second vertical shafts through the gear sets, and the wheel side assembly is respectively provided with a left power output shaft (21) and a right power output shaft (22), and the left and right second vertical shafts are respectively connected to the corresponding left and right power output shafts through the second bevel gear sets (25); The gear set includes two gears, namely an input gear and an output gear, the gears are respectively arranged in the left and right gear boxes through bearings, the input gear is arranged on the left and right first vertical shafts, and the output gear is arranged on the left and right second vertical shafts; The gear set includes two sets of bevel gear sets and a bevel gear transmission shaft. The bevel gear transmission shaft is rotatably installed in the left and right gear boxes. The two ends of the bevel gear transmission shaft are respectively connected to the two sets of bevel gear sets; one set of bevel gear sets is respectively arranged on the left and right first vertical shafts, and the other set of bevel gear sets is respectively arranged on the left and right second vertical shafts.

2. The driving steering mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: At least one transition gear is also arranged between the input gear and the output gear, and the gear shaft of the transition gear is rotatably arranged inside the left and right gear boxes.

3. The driving steering mechanism according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The left and right sides of the shell are respectively provided with wear-resistant shafts (27), and shaft holes for the left and right second vertical shafts to rotate are provided in the wear-resistant shafts. The upper parts of the left and right steering shafts are connected to the wear-resistant shafts through bearings and / or shaft sleeves, and the lower parts of the left and right steering shafts are connected to the bottom plate through bearings and / or shaft sleeves.

4. The driving steering mechanism according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The hoisting guide shaft (32) is perpendicular to the length direction of the steering cylinder (11). The steering cylinder is provided with a hoisting ring or a hanging plate. The hoisting ring or the hanging plate is provided with a guide shaft hole matching the hoisting guide shaft.

5. The driving steering mechanism according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: A positioning pin (33) is provided between the shell and the bottom plate.

6. The driving steering mechanism according to claim 5, characterized in that: A retaining edge for positioning the shell is provided at the edge of the bottom plate.

7. The driving steering mechanism according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The left and right sides of the bottom plate are respectively provided with step sleeves for installing bearings or shaft sleeves, and the bottom of the step sleeve is provided with an outer fender and an inner fender.

8. The driving steering mechanism according to any one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that: The first bevel gear set (23) is respectively arranged in the left bevel gear box (5) and the right bevel gear box (6) via bearings; and the second bevel gear set (25) is respectively arranged in the left steering shaft (9) and the right steering shaft (10) via bearings.

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