Automatic polishing device and process for transmission housing

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of automatic polishing device and process of transmission housing, including rotary reciprocating feeding table, product temporary storage table, broken station, deburring station, handling robot and electrical control cabinet and manual reciprocating feeding table, the action arm of the handling robot is equipped with handling gripper;The broken station is composed of tray, hydraulic cylinder and edge trimmer, and the manual reciprocating feeding table is connected with the broken station;The deburring station is composed of four-axis clamp and polishing robot, and the mechanical arm of the polishing robot is provided with polishing gripper.The application uses handling robot to grab loading and unloading, and three actions of punching, edge trimming and breaking can be completed in the working bin of broken station, which is completed once in the broken station, low in cost, high in efficiency, stable in quality, reliable in product consistency and suitable for batch production mode;Using polishing robot can reduce labor intensity, improve product quality, and the appearance of products polished by machine is consistent and stable.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of automobile manufacturing technology, and in particular to an automatic grinding device and process for transmission housings. Background Technology

[0002] The transmission housing is a housing structure used to install the transmission mechanism and its accessories. The main function of the transmission is to change the speed of the vehicle and the torque on the drive wheels. It is a very important component in vehicle operation. Its material is generally a combination of cast aluminum and cast iron parts. Because it needs to cooperate with other parts of the vehicle, it needs to have a high degree of smoothness to ensure rapid break-in. After the casting is made, a series of processing steps are required. First, the blank part is deburred by riser cutting, and then the burrs are ground to remove excess burrs from the contours and corners.

[0003] At present, the factory mainly relies on workers to directly grind the gearbox housing. Due to the complexity of the gearbox housing, workers need to make constant adjustments to ensure accuracy, which is very tedious and time-consuming. This affects the efficiency and speed of processing, easily delays the construction period, and fails to meet market demand. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of existing technologies by proposing an automatic grinding device and process for transmission housings.

[0005] The present invention provides an automatic grinding device for a transmission housing, comprising:

[0006] The system includes a rotary reciprocating loading platform, a temporary product storage platform, a handling robot, an electrical control cabinet, and a manual reciprocating loading platform. The handling robot's moving arm is equipped with handling grippers, and the electrical control cabinet contains electrical cabinets for the handling robot and the grinding robot. A cutting station is also included, consisting of a tray, a hydraulic cylinder, and an edge trimming machine. The tray is positioned above the cutting station via a pneumatic slide, and workpieces are placed on the tray. The manual reciprocating loading platform is fitted and connected to the cutting station.

[0007] The deburring station consists of a four-axis fixture and a grinding robot. The grinding robot's robotic arm is equipped with a grinding gripper, which consists of an electric spindle, a milling cutter, a steel brush, and a pneumatic floating head. There are two electric spindles, which face opposite directions. The milling cutter and steel brush are respectively mounted on the output ends of the two electric spindles.

[0008] As a further aspect of the present invention: the hydraulic cylinders move up and down, and there are two hydraulic cylinders.

[0009] As a further embodiment of the present invention: the transport gripper consists of a mounting block, a positioning pin, grippers, a connecting flange, and a support block. The connecting flange is fixedly installed on one side of the outer wall of the mounting block, and the support block and the positioning pin are both fixedly installed on the same side of the outer wall of the mounting block. There are two grippers, which are set on the mounting block, and the grippers and the positioning pin are located on the same side of the mounting block. The gripper adopts a two-sided clamping form, and the connecting flange is installed on the moving arm of the transport robot by a parallel pneumatic gripper clamping form.

[0010] As a further embodiment of the present invention: the electric spindle consists of a casingless motor, a spindle, bearings, a spindle unit housing, a drive module, and a cooling device; the rotor of the electric spindle motor is integrally formed with the spindle using a press-fit method, and the spindle is supported by front and rear bearings; the stator of the motor is installed in the spindle unit housing through a cooling sleeve; the speed change of the spindle is controlled by the spindle drive module, while the temperature rise within the spindle unit is limited by the cooling device; a speed and angular displacement sensor is installed at the rear end of the spindle, and the inner tapered hole and end face at the front end are used to install cutting tools.

[0011] As a further embodiment of the present invention: the outer wall of the electric column shaft is provided with a fixing block, and the fixing block is threadedly connected to the grinding gripper.

[0012] As a further embodiment of the present invention: the four-axis fixture consists of a servo turntable, a tailstock, an A-axis and a plurality of first fixtures. The first fixtures are disposed on the top outer wall of the base, and the tailstock and the A-axis are disposed on both sides of the base. The first fixtures are used to clamp the workpiece.

[0013] As a further embodiment of the present invention: the first clamp is provided with a hydraulic brake mechanism and an aluminum chip receiving and guiding protective sheet metal is provided below the first clamp, and a vacuum cleaner suction port is movably connected to this protective sheet metal.

[0014] As a further aspect of the present invention: the air inlet of the pneumatic floating head is connected to an air pressure regulating control valve via an air pipe.

[0015] The steps for polishing the transmission housing using an automatic transmission housing polishing device include:

[0016] S1: The workpieces pressed by the die-casting machine are placed by the staff onto the manual reciprocating loading table, and the workpieces are automatically moved to the designated area;

[0017] S2: The handling robot moves the workpiece onto the pallet at the breaking station, and the pallet automatically enters the working compartment of the breaking station;

[0018] S3: The workpiece is punched, trimmed and broken at the breaking station;

[0019] S4: The handling robot places the broken workpiece onto the four-axis fixture, and the first fixture automatically clamps and fixes the workpiece.

[0020] S5: The grinding gripper on the grinding robot grinds the burrs around the workpiece;

[0021] S6: After the workpiece is removed and polished by the handling robot, it is placed on the unloading channel. The motor on the unloading channel drives the conveyor belt to move the workpiece to the specified position.

[0022] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0023] 1. This invention uses a handling robot to grab and load materials, and can complete three actions—punching, trimming, and breaking—within the working chamber of the breaking station. All these actions are completed in one go within the breaking station, resulting in low cost, high efficiency, stable quality, and reliable product consistency, making it suitable for mass production. Using a grinding robot can reduce labor costs, decrease the labor intensity of workers, and improve product quality. Products ground by the machine have a consistent and stable appearance, eliminating the appearance problems caused by manual grinding in traditional processes.

[0024] 2. The electric column shaft of this invention has the advantages of compact structure, light weight, low inertia, low noise, and fast response. Moreover, the electric column shaft has high speed and high power, which simplifies machine tool design and makes it easy to achieve spindle positioning. It is an ideal structure in high-speed spindle units. The bearings of the electric column shaft adopt high-speed bearing technology, which is wear-resistant and heat-resistant, and has a longer service life than traditional bearings.

[0025] 3. This invention controls the grinding speed by adjusting the pressure through a pneumatic pressure regulating control valve. In addition, the main shaft of the pneumatic floating head is connected by a spring and a telescopic rod, giving the main shaft of the pneumatic floating head a floating function, which can perform floating grinding according to the unevenness of the parts. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 This is an overall flow diagram of an automatic grinding device and process for a transmission housing proposed in this invention.

[0027] Figure 2 This is an enlarged structural diagram of point A of the automatic grinding device and process for a transmission housing proposed in this invention.

[0028] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the grinding gripper structure of an automatic grinding device for a transmission housing proposed in this invention;

[0029] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the breaking station structure of an automatic grinding device for a transmission housing proposed in this invention;

[0030] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the handling gripper structure of an automatic grinding device for a transmission housing proposed in this invention.

[0031] In the diagram: 1 Automatic reciprocating loading platform, 2 Temporary product storage platform, 3 Handling robot, 4 Unloading channel, 5 Electrical control cabinet, 6 Manual reciprocating loading platform, 7 Breaking station, 8 Four-axis fixture, 9 Grinding robot, 10 Tailstock, 11 First fixture, 12 A-axis, 13 Workpiece, 14 Steel brush, 15 Pneumatic floating head, 16 Milling cutter, 17 Fixing block, 18 Grinding gripper, 19 Electric spindle, 20 Pallet, 21 Hydraulic cylinder, 22 First gripper, 23 Positioning pin, 24 Handling gripper, 25 Support block, 26 Connecting flange. Detailed Implementation

[0032] To illustrate embodiments of this patent in detail below, examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are intended to explain this patent only, and should not be construed as limiting this patent.

[0033] In the description of this patent, it should be understood that the terms “center,” “upper,” “lower,” “front,” “back,” “left,” “right,” “vertical,” “horizontal,” “top,” “bottom,” “inner,” and “outer,” etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this patent and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this patent.

[0034] In the description of this patent, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "setting" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection or setting, a detachable connection or setting, or an integral connection or setting. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this patent according to the specific circumstances.

[0035] Reference Figure 1-5 An automatic grinding device for a transmission housing, comprising:

[0036] The rotating reciprocating loading platform 1, the temporary product storage platform 2, the handling robot 3, the electrical control cabinet 5, and the manual reciprocating loading platform 6 are provided. The handling robot 3 is equipped with a handling gripper 24 on its moving arm. The electrical control cabinet 5 contains the electrical cabinets for the handling robot 3 and the grinding robot 9.

[0037] The cutting station 7 consists of a tray 20, a hydraulic cylinder 21, and a trimming machine. The tray 20 is positioned above the cutting station 7 via a pneumatic slide table. Workpieces 13 are placed on the tray 20. A manual reciprocating loading table 6 engages with the cutting station 7. The reciprocating motion of the pneumatic slide table 6 moves the tray 20, thus moving the product from the loading position to the working area. A waste guide sheet metal is fixedly installed at the bottom of the cutting station 7 to guide waste into a waste cart. The sensors on the cutting station 7 are equipped with collision protection.

[0038] The deburring station consists of a four-axis clamp 8 and a grinding robot 9. The mechanical arm of the grinding robot 9 is equipped with a grinding gripper 18, which consists of an electric column shaft 19, a milling cutter 16, a steel brush 14, and a pneumatic floating head 15. There are two electric column shafts 19, and the two electric column shafts 19 face opposite directions. The milling cutter 16 and the steel brush 14 are respectively installed on the output ends of the two electric column shafts 19.

[0039] In this invention, the hydraulic cylinder 21 moves up and down, and there are two hydraulic cylinders 21 used to punch two holes.

[0040] In this invention, the handling gripper 24 consists of a mounting block, a positioning pin 23, grippers 22, a connecting flange 26, and a support block 25. The connecting flange 26 is fixedly installed on one side of the outer wall of the mounting block. The support block 25 and the positioning pin 23 are both fixedly installed on the same side of the outer wall of the mounting block. There are two grippers 22, which are disposed on the mounting block, and the grippers 22 and the positioning pin 23 are located on the same side of the mounting block. The gripper adopts a two-sided clamping form, which is achieved by a parallel pneumatic gripper clamping on both sides. The connecting flange 26 is installed on the moving arm of the handling robot 3. The grippers 22 are JRTAF30-125 pneumatic grippers, and the clamping force arm can reach 550 kgf. Figure 5 The dual-station gripper 22 shown can switch between picking up and placing materials at each station. It is also equipped with a push rod and two sets of sensors to determine whether the product posture is correct and whether the product is present.

[0041] In this invention, the electric spindle 19 comprises a casingless motor, a spindle, bearings, a spindle unit housing, a drive module, and a cooling device. The rotor of the motor in the electric spindle 19 is integrally formed with the spindle using a press-fit method, and the spindle is supported by front and rear bearings. The stator of the motor is installed in the spindle unit housing via a cooling sleeve. The spindle speed is controlled by the spindle drive module, while the temperature rise within the spindle unit is limited by the cooling device. Speed ​​and angular displacement sensors are installed at the rear end of the spindle, and the inner tapered hole and end face at the front end are used for tool mounting. Advantages of the electric spindle: The electric spindle 19 has advantages such as compact structure, light weight, low inertia, low noise, and fast response. It also has high speed and high power, simplifies machine tool design, and facilitates spindle positioning, making it an ideal structure for high-speed spindle units. The bearings of the electric spindle 19 adopt high-speed bearing technology, are wear-resistant and heat-resistant, and have a lifespan several times that of traditional bearings.

[0042] In this invention, a fixing block 17 is provided on the outer wall of the electric column shaft 19, and the fixing block 17 is threadedly connected to the grinding gripper 18 for fixing the electric column shaft 19.

[0043] In this invention, the four-axis fixture 8 consists of a servo turntable, a tailstock 10, an A-axis 12, and multiple first fixtures 11. The first fixtures 11 are located on the top outer wall of the base, while the tailstock 10 and A-axis 12 are located on both sides of the base. The first fixtures 11 are used to clamp the workpiece 13. The four-axis fixture 8 adopts a combination of a servo turntable and a tailstock 10. The bottom of the middle plate of the servo turntable is hollowed out corresponding to the deburring position on the other side. The rotation of the first fixtures 11 and the six rotating axes of the grinding robot 9 work together to achieve grinding of various positions of the product. The first fixtures 11 are equipped with hydraulic cylinders with air detection to determine whether the hydraulic cylinders are fully released. They are also equipped with air tightness detection to detect whether the product is properly clamped.

[0044] In this invention, the first clamp 11 is equipped with a hydraulic brake mechanism to ensure that the first clamp 11 has high stability during the grinding process of the grinding robot 9; an aluminum chip receiving and guiding protective sheet metal is provided below the first clamp 11, and a vacuum cleaner suction port is movably connected to this protective sheet metal to suck up smaller dust particles, while larger aluminum chips flow into the chip receiving cart through this guiding sheet metal.

[0045] In this invention, the air inlet of the pneumatic floating head 15 is connected to an air pressure regulating control valve through an air pipe. The pressure is adjusted by the air pressure regulating control valve to control the grinding speed. In addition, the main spindle of the pneumatic floating head 15 is connected by a spring and a telescopic rod, so that the main spindle of the pneumatic floating head 15 has a floating function and can perform floating grinding according to the unevenness of the parts.

[0046] An automated grinding process for a transmission housing includes the following steps:

[0047] S1: The workpiece 13, after being pressed by the die-casting machine, is placed by the operator onto the manual reciprocating loading table 6, and the workpiece 13 is automatically moved to the designated area;

[0048] S2: The handling robot 3 moves the workpiece 13 onto the pallet 20 of the interruption station 7, and the pallet 20 automatically enters the working compartment of the interruption station 7;

[0049] S3: Workpiece 13 is punched, trimmed and broken at the breaking station 7;

[0050] S4: The handling robot 3 places the broken workpiece 13 onto the four-axis fixture 8, and the first fixture 11 automatically clamps and fixes the workpiece 13.

[0051] S5: The grinding gripper 18 on the grinding robot 9 grinds the burrs around the workpiece 13;

[0052] S6: The handling robot 3 takes out the polished workpiece 13 and places it on the unloading channel 4. The motor installed on the unloading channel 4 drives the conveyor belt to move the workpiece 13 to the specified position.

[0053] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An automatic grinding device for a transmission housing, characterized in that, include: Rotary reciprocating loading platform (1), temporary product storage platform (2), handling robot (3), electrical control cabinet (5), and manual reciprocating loading platform (6). The handling robot (3) has a handling gripper (24) installed on its moving arm. The electrical control cabinet (5) contains the electrical cabinets of the handling robot (3) and the grinding robot (9). The breaking station (7) consists of a tray (20), a hydraulic cylinder (21) and a cutting machine. The tray (20) is set above the breaking station (7) via a pneumatic slide table. The workpiece (13) is set on the tray (20). The manual reciprocating loading table (6) is fitted and connected to the breaking station (7). The deburring station consists of a four-axis clamp (8) and a grinding robot (9). The mechanical arm of the grinding robot (9) is equipped with a grinding gripper (18). The grinding gripper (18) consists of an electric column shaft (19), a milling cutter (16), a steel brush (14), and a pneumatic floating head (15). There are two electric column shafts (19), and the two electric column shafts (19) face opposite directions. The milling cutter (16) and the steel brush (14) are respectively installed on the output ends of the two electric column shafts (19).

2. The automatic grinding device for a transmission housing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The hydraulic cylinder (21) moves up and down, and there are two hydraulic cylinders (21).

3. The automatic grinding device for a transmission housing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The transport gripper (24) consists of a mounting block, a positioning pin (23), grippers (22), a connecting flange (26), and a support block (25). The connecting flange (26) is fixedly installed on one side of the outer wall of the mounting block. The support block (25) and the positioning pin (23) are both fixedly installed on the same side of the mounting block. There are two grippers (22). The grippers (22) are set on the mounting block, and the grippers (22) and the positioning pin (23) are located on the same side of the mounting block. The gripper adopts a two-sided clamping form. The connecting flange (26) is installed on the moving arm of the transport robot (3) through the two-sided clamping form of parallel pneumatic grippers.

4. The automatic grinding device for a transmission housing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The electric spindle (19) consists of a casingless motor, a spindle, bearings, a spindle unit housing, a drive module, and a cooling device. The rotor of the electric spindle (19) motor is integrated with the spindle using a press-fit method, and the spindle is supported by front and rear bearings. The stator of the motor is installed in the spindle unit housing through a cooling sleeve. The speed change of the spindle is controlled by the spindle drive module, while the temperature rise in the spindle unit is limited by the cooling device. Speed ​​and angular displacement sensors are installed at the rear end of the spindle, and the inner conical hole and end face at the front end are used to install cutting tools.

5. The automatic grinding device for a transmission housing according to claim 4, characterized in that, The outer wall of the electric column shaft (19) is provided with a fixing block (17), and the fixing block (17) is threadedly connected to the grinding gripper (18).

6. The automatic grinding device for a transmission housing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The four-axis fixture (8) consists of a servo turntable, a tailstock (10), an A-axis (12), and multiple first fixtures (11). The first fixtures (11) are located on the top outer wall of the base, and the tailstock (10) and the A-axis (12) are located on both sides of the base. The first fixtures (11) are used to clamp the workpiece (13).

7. An automatic grinding device for a transmission housing according to claim 6, characterized in that, The first clamp (11) is provided with a hydraulic brake mechanism. The first clamp (11) is provided with an aluminum chip receiving guide protective sheet metal, and a vacuum cleaner suction port is movably connected to this protective sheet metal.

8. The automatic grinding device for a transmission housing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The air inlet of the pneumatic float (15) is connected to a pressure regulating control valve via an air pipe.

9. The grinding process of the automatic grinding device for a transmission housing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The steps of polishing the transmission housing using the automatic transmission housing polishing device include: S1: The workpiece (13) pressed by the die-casting machine is placed on the manual reciprocating loading table (6) by the staff, and the workpiece (13) is automatically moved to the designated area; S2: The handling robot (3) moves the workpiece (13) onto the pallet (20) of the breaking station (7), and the pallet (20) automatically enters the working compartment of the breaking station (7); S3: The workpiece (13) is punched, trimmed and broken at the breaking station (7); S4: The handling robot (3) places the broken workpiece (13) on the four-axis fixture (8), and the first fixture (11) automatically clamps and fixes the workpiece (13); S5: The grinding gripper (18) on the grinding robot (9) grinds the burrs around the workpiece (13); S6: The handling robot (3) takes out the polished workpiece (13) and places it on the unloading channel (4). The motor installed on the unloading channel (4) drives the conveyor belt to move the workpiece (13) to the specified position.

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