Detection method of a detection device for the moment of inertia of large shaft parts

Abstract

The present invention provides a detection method for a large shaft-type component moment of inertia detection device, including a support adjustment mechanism. On both sides of the support adjustment mechanism, there are slidable arc-shaped seats. The shaft-type component rotates while abutted against the arc-shaped seats. On one side of the arc-shaped seat, there is a slidable photoelectric sensor. A reflective tape is fixedly arranged on the outer side of the shaft-type component, and the photoelectric sensor is directly opposite the reflective tape. On one side of the support adjustment mechanism, there is a detection driving mechanism, and the detection driving mechanism is connected to the shaft-type component through a second rope; the second rope is wound around the shaft-type component, and the detection driving mechanism pulls the second rope to move, thereby driving the shaft-type component to rotate. The photoelectric sensor detects the reflective tape to obtain the instantaneous rotation speed of the shaft-type component. It can detect the relatively accurate moment of inertia of the shaft-type component. The installation and rotation operations of the shaft-type component are simple and convenient, making the detection of the moment of inertia convenient and accurate, and suitable for popularization and use.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of inertia detection, and particularly to a device and method for detecting the moment of inertia of large shaft parts. Background Art

[0002] For large rotating mechanical equipment, it is generally necessary to calculate the torsional vibration during equipment operation to ensure the safety of the shafting. During the calculation of torsional vibration, the moment of inertia of the unit shafting components needs to be accurately obtained. The moment of inertia of general shaft parts can be obtained through modeling calculation. However, for large units, their shafting structures and components are relatively complex, and it is difficult to obtain their accurate values through modeling or general moment of inertia testing methods. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The main object of the present invention is to provide a detection method for a device for detecting the moment of inertia of large shaft parts, so as to solve the problems of troublesome detection and poor detection accuracy of the moment of inertia of large shaft parts due to their complex structures.

[0004] To solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: including a support adjustment mechanism, with slidable arc seats arranged on both sides of the support adjustment mechanism. The shaft part abuts against the arc seats and rotates. A slidable photoelectric sensor is arranged on one side of the arc seat. A reflective tape is fixedly arranged on the outer side of the shaft part, and the photoelectric sensor is directly opposite the reflective tape. A detection drive mechanism is arranged on one side of the support adjustment mechanism, and the detection drive mechanism is connected to the shaft part through a second rope;

[0005] The second rope is wound around the shaft part. The detection drive mechanism pulls the second rope to move, thereby driving the shaft part to rotate. The photoelectric sensor detects the reflective tape to obtain the instantaneous rotation speed of the shaft part.

[0006] In a preferred solution, one arc seat is fixed on the base in the support adjustment mechanism, and the other arc seat is slidably connected to the base, so as to adjust the distance between the two arc seats. Multiple grooves are arranged on the arc seat, and rollers are fixedly arranged in the grooves.

[0007] In a preferred solution, a second screw lifting mechanism is arranged at the bottom of the arc seat, and the arc seat is slidably connected to the base through the second screw lifting mechanism, so as to adjust the distance between the arc seat and the base.

[0008] In a preferred solution, a rotating lead screw is arranged on the base, and both ends of the lead screw are connected to the base through bearing seats. A sliding seat is arranged at the bottom of the slidable arc seat, and the arc seat is slidably connected to the sliding seat through a second screw lifting mechanism. Both ends of the sliding seat abut against the base and slide, and the sliding seat is threadedly connected to the lead screw.

[0009] In a preferred solution, a motor is fixedly arranged on the base, and the output shaft of the motor is connected to the lead screw through a sprocket and a chain.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment, a sliding detection seat is provided on one side of the base in the support adjustment mechanism. An adjustable plate is slidably provided on the detection seat, and the photoelectric sensor is fixed on the adjustable plate.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment, the detection seat is slidably connected to the base through a guide rail slider. A first screw lifting mechanism is provided between the adjustable plate and the detection seat. A guide post is fixedly provided on the adjustable plate and slides through the detection seat.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment, a third fixed pulley is fixedly provided at the top of the bracket in the detection driving mechanism. A movable pulley group composed of a first movable pulley and a second movable pulley is provided on one side of the third fixed pulley. The second rope abuts against the third fixed pulley and slides, and the end of the second rope is fixed on the movable pulley group.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment, a fixed pulley group composed of a first fixed pulley and a second fixed pulley is provided on one side of the movable pulley group. The fixed pulley group is fixed at the bottom of the bracket. The movable pulley group and the fixed pulley group are connected by a first rope. One end of the first rope is fixed on the movable pulley group, and a weight is fixedly provided at the other end;

[0014] The weight drives the first rope to move due to its own weight, and at the same time drives the movable pulley group and the second rope to move, so as to rotate the shaft-like parts.

[0015] The method is as follows: S1. Lift the shaft-like parts onto the arc-shaped seat, and adjust the spacing and rollers of the arc-shaped seat according to the length and diameter of the shaft-like parts;

[0016] S2. Stick a reflective tape on one side of the shaft-like parts, and adjust the height of the photoelectric sensor so that it faces the reflective tape directly;

[0017] S3. Fix the end of the second rope on the shaft-like parts and wind it around several times. The other end of the second rope bypasses the third fixed pulley and is fixed on the movable pulley group;

[0018] S4. Connect the movable pulley group and the fixed pulley group by the first rope in the way of "odd moving and even fixing";

[0019] S5. Fix the weight at the end of the first rope. Loosen the weight, and its own weight will drive the movable pulley group to move. At the same time, the shaft-like parts are pulled to rotate through the second rope. The photoelectric sensor detects the acceleration and reverse acceleration of the shaft-like parts;

[0020] S6. The radius of the shaft is r, the mass of the weight is m, the mass of the movable pulley group is m1, and the movable pulley group and the fixed pulley group are connected by two pulleys. Since the rotational speed of the shaft-like parts is small during the test, the weight remains unchanged and the friction coefficient is small, the frictional force can be regarded as a constant force, and the frictional torque can be regarded as a constant torque M μ, during the falling process of the weight, the acceleration of the shaft-like component is β, and after the weight lands, the reverse acceleration of the shaft-like component under the action of the frictional torque is β'. Since it is a reverse acceleration, β' is negative at this time;

[0021] S7. The acceleration of the moving pulley block during the falling process is the same as the tangential acceleration of the outer diameter of the shaft-like component. According to the principle of pulley saving force, the tension of the first rope connected to the weight is T, and the tension of the first rope connected to the shaft-like component is T 1 ;

[0022] S8. According to Newton's second law, taking the moving pulley block, the weight, and the shaft-like component as the research objects respectively, then for the moving pulley block, m1*r*β = T 1 - 5T, when the weight m falls, the acceleration is a, that is, m*a = m*g - T; for the shaft-like component, during the falling process of the weight, J*β = T1*r + M μ , because the stiffness of the rope is large and its elongation is ignored, then the relationship between the acceleration of the weight and the acceleration of the shaft-like component is a = 5β. When the weight lands, the shaft loses the rope tension T 1 , and decelerates under the conditions of inertia and frictional torque. At this time, there is M μ = J*β',

[0023] Then there is a system of equations:

[0024]

[0025] After integrating the formulas, the expression of the moment of inertia J of the shaft-like component is finally obtained as:

[0026]

[0027] The present invention provides a device and method for detecting the moment of inertia of large shaft-like components. The shaft-like components are suspended on the support adjustment mechanism. The distance between the adjustable arc seats and the rollers on the arc seats can be adjusted to suit shaft-like components of different lengths and diameters. The sliding-adjustable photoelectric sensor can also be adjusted according to the size of the shaft-like component, so that the photoelectric sensor is directly opposite to the reflective tape attached to the shaft-like component. By detecting the driving mechanism to drive the second rope wound around the shaft-like component, the shaft-like component rotates due to inertia. According to the acceleration and direction acceleration measured by the photoelectric sensor, and the rotational torque applied by the detection driving mechanism, a more accurate moment of inertia of the shaft-like component can be obtained. The installation and rotation operation of the shaft-like component are simple and convenient, making the detection of the moment of inertia convenient and accurate, and suitable for popularization and use. Description of the Drawings

[0028] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the drawings and embodiments:

[0029] Figure 1It is the left axonometric view of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 It is the right axonometric view of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 3 It is the front view of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 4 It is the axonometric view of the support adjustment mechanism of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 5 It is the top view of the support adjustment mechanism of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 6 It is the A-A cross-sectional view of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 7 It is the B-B cross-sectional view of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 8 It is the axonometric view of the second screw lifting mechanism of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 9 It is the schematic diagram of the pulley connection in the second screw lifting mechanism of the present invention;

[0038] In the figure: support adjustment mechanism 1; base 101; arc seat 102; detection seat 103; adjustment plate 104; first screw lifting mechanism 105; photoelectric sensor 106; guide post 107; lead screw 108; motor 109; roller 110; second screw lifting mechanism 111; sliding seat 112; groove 113; detection drive mechanism 2; bracket 201; first movable pulley 202; second movable pulley 203; weight 204; first fixed pulley 205; second fixed pulley 206; first rope 207; third fixed pulley 208; shaft-like component 3; second rope 4; reflective tape 5. Detailed implementation manners

[0039] Embodiment 1

[0040] As Figures 1 to 9 shown, a device and method for detecting the moment of inertia of a large shaft-like component include a support adjustment mechanism 1. Slidable arc seats 102 are arranged on both sides of the support adjustment mechanism 1. The shaft-like component 3 abuts against the arc seats 102 and rotates. A slidable photoelectric sensor 106 is arranged on one side of the arc seat 102. A reflective tape 5 is fixedly arranged on the outer side of the shaft-like component 3. The photoelectric sensor 106 faces the reflective tape 5 directly. A detection drive mechanism 2 is arranged on one side of the support adjustment mechanism 1. The detection drive mechanism 2 is connected to the shaft-like component 3 through a second rope 4;

[0041] The second rope 4 is wound around the shaft component 3. The detection drive mechanism 2 pulls the second rope 4 to move, thereby driving the shaft component 3 to rotate. The photoelectric sensor 106 detects the reflective tape 5 to obtain the instantaneous rotational speed of the shaft component 3. With this structure, the sliding-adjustable arc seat 102 can be applicable to shaft components 3 of different sizes and specifications. The detection drive mechanism 2 can apply a constant driving torque to the shaft component 3. The photoelectric sensor 106 can detect the acceleration of the shaft component 3 and the reverse acceleration under the action of the frictional torque. According to the applied constant driving torque and the detected acceleration, a relatively high-precision moment of inertia can be obtained.

[0042] In a preferred embodiment, one side of the arc seat 102 is fixed to the base 101 in the support adjustment mechanism 1, and the other side of the arc seat 102 is slidably connected to the base 101, so as to adjust the distance between the two arc seats 102. A plurality of grooves 113 are provided on the arc seat 102, and rollers 110 are fixedly provided in the grooves 113. With this structure, the sliding adjustment of the distance between the arc seats 102 can adapt to shaft components 3 of different lengths. The plurality of grooves 113 on the arc seat 102 can be used to apply to shaft components 3 of different diameters, with a wide range of applications and a wide range of moment of inertia detection for shaft components 3 of different specifications and sizes.

[0043] In a preferred embodiment, a second screw lifting mechanism 111 is provided at the bottom of the arc seat 102. The arc seat 102 is slidably connected to the base 101 through the second screw lifting mechanism 111, so as to adjust the distance between the arc seat 102 and the base 101. With this structure, the arc seat 102 can adjust the distance from the base 101 by adjusting the second screw lifting mechanism 111, so as to ensure that the shaft component 3 on the arc seat 102 is in a horizontal state and ensure the moment of inertia detection accuracy.

[0044] In a preferred embodiment, a rotating lead screw 108 is provided on the base 101. Both ends of the lead screw 108 are connected to the base 101 through bearing seats. A sliding seat 112 is provided at the bottom of the sliding arc seat 102. The arc seat 102 is slidably connected to the sliding seat 112 through the second screw lifting mechanism 111. Both ends of the sliding seat 112 abut against the base 101 and slide. The sliding seat 112 is threadedly connected to the lead screw 108. With this structure, rotating the lead screw 108 can drive the sliding seat 112 and the arc seat 102 to move, so as to adjust the distance between the two arc seats 102 to apply to shaft components 3 of different lengths.

[0045] In a preferred embodiment, a motor 109 is fixedly provided on the base 101. The output shaft of the motor 109 is connected to the lead screw 108 through a sprocket and a chain. With this structure, driving the lead screw 108 to rotate through the motor 109 can adjust the distance between the two arc seats 102, and the operation is simple, convenient and fast.

[0046] In a preferred embodiment, a sliding detection seat 103 is provided on one side of the base 101 in the support adjustment mechanism 1. An adjustable plate 104 is slidably provided on the detection seat 103, and the photoelectric sensor 106 is fixed on the adjustable plate 104. With this structure, the slidable and adjustable photoelectric sensor 106 can slide left and right and up and down on one side of the base 101 to adapt to shaft-like parts 3 of different sizes, so that the photoelectric sensor 106 can be directly opposite and attached to the reflective tape 5 on the shaft-like parts 3. The operation is simple and convenient, and the applicable range is wide.

[0047] In a preferred embodiment, the detection seat 103 is slidably connected to the base 101 through a guide rail and slider. A first screw lifting mechanism 105 is provided between the adjustable plate 104 and the detection seat 103. A guide post 107 is fixedly provided on the adjustable plate 104, and the guide post 107 slides through the detection seat 103. With this structure, manually driving the detection seat 103 to slide left and right on the base 101 through the guide rail and slider, the first screw lifting mechanism 105 can drive the adjustable plate 104 to slide up and down, so that the photoelectric sensor 106 can move in all directions up, down, left and right, which is convenient for the photoelectric sensor 106 to adapt to shaft-like parts 3 of different sizes, and the operation is simple and convenient.

[0048] In a preferred embodiment, a third fixed pulley 208 is fixedly provided at the top of the bracket 201 in the detection driving mechanism 2. A movable pulley group composed of a first movable pulley 202 and a second movable pulley 203 is provided on one side of the third fixed pulley 208. The second rope 4 abuts against the third fixed pulley 208 and slides, and the end of the second rope 4 is fixed on the movable pulley group. With this structure, one end of the second rope 4 is wound around the shaft-like part 3, and the other end abuts against the third fixed pulley 208 and slides and is fixed on the movable pulley group. The movement of the movable pulley group can drive the second rope 4 to move and drive the shaft-like part 3 to rotate, so that the shaft-like part 3 can rotate due to inertia.

[0049] In a preferred embodiment, a fixed pulley group composed of a first fixed pulley 205 and a second fixed pulley 206 is provided on one side of the movable pulley group. The fixed pulley group is fixed at the bottom of the bracket 201. The movable pulley group and the fixed pulley group are connected by a first rope 207. One end of the first rope 207 is fixed on the movable pulley group, and the other end is fixedly provided with a weight 204;

[0050] The weight 204 drives the first rope 207 to move due to its own weight, and at the same time drives the movable pulley group and the second rope 4 to move, so that the shaft-like part 3 rotates. With this structure, the first rope 207 connects the fixed pulley group and the movable pulley group in the way of "odd moving and even fixing". Hanging the weight 204 at the end of the first rope 207 and releasing the weight 204 can apply a constant driving torque to the shaft-like part 3, so that the moment of inertia of the shaft-like part 3 can be calculated.

[0051] Embodiment 2

[0052] Further described in conjunction with Embodiment 1, as Figures 1 to 9 shown, hoist the shaft - type component 3 onto the arc - shaped seat 102, adjust the spacing of the arc - shaped seat 102 and the rollers 110 according to the length and diameter of the shaft - type component 3; stick a reflective tape 5 on one side of the shaft - type component 3, and adjust the height of the photoelectric sensor 106 so that it is directly opposite the reflective tape 5; fix the end of the second rope 4 on the shaft - type component 3 and wind it several times, and the other end of the second rope 4 bypasses the third fixed pulley 208 and is fixed on the movable pulley block; connect the movable pulley block and the fixed pulley block by the first rope 207 in the way of "odd - moving and even - fixing"; fix the weight 204 at the end of the first rope 207, and when the weight 204 is released, its own weight will drive the movable pulley block to move, and at the same time, the shaft - type component 3 is pulled to rotate by the second rope 4, and the photoelectric sensor 106 detects the acceleration and reverse acceleration of the shaft - type component 3; the shaft radius is r, the mass of the weight is m, the mass of the movable pulley block is m1, and the movable pulley block and the fixed pulley block are connected by two pulleys. Since the rotational speed of the shaft - type part is small during the test, the weight remains unchanged and the friction coefficient is small, the frictional force can be regarded as a constant force, and the frictional torque can be regarded as a constant torque M μ , when the weight 204 falls, the acceleration of the shaft - type component 3 is β, and after the weight 204 lands, the reverse acceleration of the shaft - type component 3 under the action of the frictional torque is β'. Because it is a reverse acceleration, β' is negative at this time; the acceleration of the movable pulley block during the falling process is the same as the tangential acceleration of the outer diameter of the shaft - type component 3. According to the principle of movable pulley saving force, the tension of the first rope 207 connected to the weight 204 is T, and the tension of the first rope 207 connected to the shaft - type component 3 is T 1 ; According to Newton's second law, taking the movable pulley block, the weight 204 and the shaft - type component 3 as the research objects respectively, then there is for the movable pulley block m1*r*β = T 1 - 5T, when the weight 204 with mass m falls, its acceleration is a, that is, m*a = m*g - T; for the shaft - type component 3, during the falling process of the weight 204, there is J*β = T1*r + M μ , because the stiffness of the rope is large and its elongation is ignored, then the relationship between the acceleration of the weight 204 and the acceleration of the shaft - type component 3 is a = 5β. When the weight 204 lands, the shaft loses the rope tension T 1 , and decelerates under the conditions of inertia and frictional torque. At this time, there is M μ = J*β',

[0053] Then there is a system of equations:

[0054]

[0055] After integrating the formulas, the expression of the moment of inertia J of the shaft - type component 3 is finally obtained as:

[0056]

[0057] The above embodiments are only the preferred technical solutions of the present invention and should not be regarded as limitations on the present invention. The protection scope of the present invention shall be the technical solutions recorded in the claims, including the equivalent replacement solutions of the technical features in the technical solutions recorded in the claims. That is, the equivalent replacement improvements within this scope are also within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. Detection method of a detection device for the moment of inertia of large shaft parts, Characterized in that: The detection device includes a support adjustment mechanism (1). The shaft part (3) rotates while abutting against the arc seat (102). A slidable photoelectric sensor (106) is provided on one side of the arc seat (102). A reflective tape (5) is fixedly provided on the outer side of the shaft part (3). The photoelectric sensor (106) faces the reflective tape (5). A detection driving mechanism (2) is provided on one side of the support adjustment mechanism (1). The detection driving mechanism (2) is connected to the shaft part (3) through a second rope (4); The second rope (4) is wound around the shaft part (3). The detection driving mechanism (2) pulls the second rope (4) to move, thereby driving the shaft part (3) to rotate. The photoelectric sensor (106) detects the reflective tape (5) to obtain the instantaneous rotation speed of the shaft part (3); One side of the arc seat (102) is fixed on the base (101) in the support adjustment mechanism (1). The arc seat (102) on the other side is slidably connected to the base (101), so as to adjust the distance between the two arc seats (102). A plurality of grooves (113) are provided on the arc seat (102), and rollers (110) are fixedly provided in the grooves (113); A second screw lifting mechanism (111) is provided at the bottom of the arc seat (102). The arc seat (102) is slidably connected to the base (101) through the second screw lifting mechanism (111), so as to adjust the distance between the arc seat (102) and the base (101); A rotating lead screw (108) is provided on the base (101). Both ends of the lead screw (108) are connected to the base (101) through bearing seats. A sliding seat (112) is provided at the bottom of the slidable arc seat (102). The arc seat (102) is slidably connected to the sliding seat (112) through the second screw lifting mechanism (111). Both ends of the sliding seat (112) abut against the base (101) and slide. The sliding seat (112) is threadedly connected to the lead screw (108); A sliding detection seat (103) is provided on one side of the base (101) in the support adjustment mechanism (1). A sliding adjustment plate (104) is provided on the detection seat (103). The photoelectric sensor (106) is fixed on the adjustment plate (104); A motor (109) is fixedly provided on the base (101). The output shaft of the motor (109) is connected to the lead screw (108) through a sprocket and a chain; A third fixed pulley (208) is fixedly provided at the top of the bracket (201) in the detection driving mechanism (2). A movable pulley group composed of a first movable pulley (202) and a second movable pulley (203) is provided on one side of the third fixed pulley (208). The second rope (4) abuts against the third fixed pulley (208) and slides. The end of the second rope (4) is fixed on the movable pulley group; On one side of the movable pulley block, there is a fixed pulley block composed of a first fixed pulley (205) and a second fixed pulley (206). The fixed pulley block is fixed at the bottom of the bracket (201). The movable pulley block and the fixed pulley block are connected by a first rope (207). One end of the first rope (207) is fixed on the movable pulley block, and the other end is fixed with a weight (204). The detection method is as follows: S1. Lift the shaft-like component (3) onto the arc seat (102), and adjust the distance between the arc seats (102) and the rollers (110) according to the length and diameter of the shaft-like component (3). S2. Stick a reflective tape (5) on one side of the shaft-like component (3), and adjust the height of the photoelectric sensor (106) so that it is directly facing the reflective tape (5). S3. Fix the end of the second rope (4) on the shaft-like component (3) and wind it around several times. The other end of the second rope (4) bypasses the third fixed pulley (208) and is fixed on the movable pulley block. S4. Connect the movable pulley block and the fixed pulley block by the first rope (207) in the way of "odd moving and even fixing". S5. Fix the weight (204) at the end of the first rope (207). Loosen the weight (204), and its own weight will drive the movable pulley block to move. At the same time, the shaft-like component (3) is pulled to rotate through the second rope (4). The photoelectric sensor (106) detects the acceleration and reverse acceleration of the shaft-like component (3). S6. The radius of the shaft is r, the mass of the weight is m, the mass of the movable pulley block is m1, the movable pulley block and the fixed pulley block are connected by two pulleys, and the frictional torque can be regarded as a constant torque M μ , during the falling process of the weight (204), the acceleration of the shaft component (3) is β, and after the weight (204) lands, the reverse acceleration of the shaft component (3) under the action of the frictional torque is β ′ ; S7. The acceleration of the movable pulley block during the falling process is the same as the tangential acceleration of the outer diameter of the shaft component (3). According to the principle of force saving of the movable pulley, the tension of the first rope (207) connected to the weight (204) is T, and the tension of the first rope (207) connected to the shaft component (3) is T 1 ; According to Newton's second law, for the movable pulley block, m1*r*β = T 1 -5T. When the weight (204) with a mass of m falls, its acceleration is a, that is, m*a = m*g - T; for the shaft parts (3), during the falling process of the weight (204), J*β = T 1 *r + M μ . The relationship between the acceleration of the weight (204) and the acceleration of the shaft parts (3) is a = 5β. When the weight (204) lands, the rope tension T on the rotating shaft is lost 1 . Under the conditions of inertia and frictional torque, it decelerates, and at this time M μ = J*β ′ , There is a system of equations: Integrating the formula, the final expression for the moment of inertia J of the shaft-like component (3) is obtained as follows:

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