A kind of offshore enclosure farming device and construction method thereof

Abstract

The present invention is a new offshore enclosure farming device and its construction method, which belongs to the new technology of marine farming. The technical scheme is as follows: it includes a buoy system and a blocking net system; the buoy system includes a plurality of buoys, two buoys support a blocking net unit, and the blocking net units are enclosed to form a fence; the cross section of the buoy is a stepped shape with a large top and a small bottom, the lower step is a first-level buoy; the upper step is a second-level buoy; the blocking net system includes a plurality of blocking nets; the two ends of the blocking net in the blocking net unit are stepped with a small top and a large bottom, the upper part of the blocking net is connected to the outer wall of the buoy; the lower part of the blocking net is connected to the adjacent blocking net on the opposite side. It develops and utilizes sea areas similar to the Yangtze River Estuary, utilizes marine resources, creates a marine economy, and overcomes the limitations of existing technologies. The device has standardized design, factory production, and prefabricated construction; it has a simple structure, is safe and reliable, and is easy to repair and replace.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to new marine aquaculture technology, and in particular relates to an offshore enclosure aquaculture device and a construction method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Take the Yangtze River Estuary as an example. It is a temperate estuary where fresh and salt water meet. It is an important ecological and economic water area in fisheries and is suitable for fish farming. However, due to factors such as environmental pollution, habitat destruction, overfishing and global climate change, the biological resources in the Yangtze River Estuary and its adjacent waters have declined seriously, and some waters are showing a trend of ecological desertification. The output of economic fisheries has dropped significantly, and fishery resources are showing a trend of degradation.

[0003] The coastal waters of the Yangtze River Estuary are rich in resources. The coastal area of ​​Chongming Island alone with a depth of more than -5 meters is 785.3 km2. 2 , using offshore enclosure aquaculture to promote the proliferation of offshore resources, scientific research, rational development and protection, and drive and radiate the development of related industries such as seedling breeding, processing, sales, and tourism. The suitable marine environment of the Yangtze River Estuary provides a good ecological environment for the construction of offshore aquaculture. This is a natural resource in the offshore area, which needs to be protected and utilized. How to use the offshore waters of the Yangtze River Estuary for aquaculture is of great significance to our full utilization of marine resources, development of the marine economy, and increase of employment and income of fishermen.

[0004] At present, the traditional offshore enclosure aquaculture is to use mesh to enclose a breeding water body in the offshore, which is characterized by simple facilities, low investment cost, poor typhoon resistance, etc. For example, in 2005, the Yangtze River was hit by Typhoon "Meisha", the enclosure pond was broken, and all the aquaculture escaped, thus affecting the benefits of the entire ecological enclosure aquaculture.

[0005] Traditional purse seines are aquaculture methods that use ropes, anchors, poles, piles or bamboo poles to fix the nets. They have poor wind resistance and cannot rise and fall with the water level. Under the influence of wind, they need to withstand wind loads and wave impacts at the same time, and ropes, poles, piles, etc. are more easily damaged. In specific sea areas, in order to develop fishery resources in a planned way, it is necessary to provide technical support for offshore aquaculture, and innovative purse seine technology is urgently needed. Summary of the invention

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides an offshore enclosure aquaculture device and a construction method thereof, which can overcome the limitations of the existing technology by developing and utilizing sea areas similar to the Yangtze River Estuary, utilizing marine resources, and creating a marine economy. The device has standardized design, factory production, and prefabricated construction; it has a simple structure, is safe and reliable, and is easy to repair and replace.

[0007] The technical solution of the present invention is: an offshore enclosure farming device, characterized in that it includes a buoy system and a blocking net system; the buoy system includes a plurality of buoys, two buoys and the blocking net between them constitute a blocking net unit, and the blocking net units are enclosed with each other to form a fence; the cross-section of the buoy is a stepped shape with a larger upper part and a smaller lower part, the lower step is a first-level buoy; the upper step is a second-level buoy; the two ends of the blocking net in the blocking net unit are stepped with a smaller upper part and a larger lower part, the upper part of the blocking net is connected to the outer wall of the buoy; the lower part of the blocking net is connected to the adjacent blocking net on the opposite side.

[0008] Based on the above technical features: the blocking system also includes a float column, a plurality of float columns are arranged at intervals and connected to the upper side of the blocking net.

[0009] Based on the above technical features: the float column is a hollow column fixed on the float, the float is a hollow ball, and a counterweight block is built-in at the bottom.

[0010] Based on the above technical features: the blocking net includes a net, a main rope, a secondary rope, and a counterweight chain; the main rope is arranged horizontally, and the secondary rope is arranged horizontally and vertically, and the two constitute a grid; forming the skeleton of the net; a counterweight chain is set at the bottom of the blocking net.

[0011] Based on the above technical features: the height of the barrier meets the highest tidal level, and at the same time meets the deformation of the barrier under the action of wind and waves, so that the bottom of the barrier is always overlapped with the beach bottom.

[0012] Based on the above technical features: the net hook is set at the end of the upper main rope of the fence; the hook ring is welded to the outside of the buoy; the vertical distance of the hook ring is set corresponding to the net hook, and the hook ring and the net hook are connected to each other; the connecting ring is set on both sides of the lower part of the fence, and adjacent fences are connected to each other through the connecting ring.

[0013] Based on the above technical features: a counterweight is provided inside the first-stage buoy; the anchor is sunk to the bottom of the water, and the anchor and the buoy are connected by an anchor chain.

[0014] A method for constructing an offshore enclosure aquaculture device, comprising the following steps:

[0015] Step 1: Fabrication of the seine equipment, including factory processing of buoys and nets;

[0016] Step 2: On-site installation. The buoys and nets are transported to the site. One end of the first net is connected to the first buoy, and the first buoy is arranged at the set position. The first net is then unfolded along the fence layout line to the other end and connected to the second buoy, and the second net is installed on the other side of the second buoy. The second buoy is placed at the set position. The second net is then unfolded along the fence layout line to the other end and connected to the third buoy, and the third net is installed on the other side of the third buoy. And so on to complete the assembly of the buoys and nets.

[0017] Based on the above technical features: In step one, the float columns are processed in the factory and fixed at intervals on the upper side of the blocking net.

[0018] Based on the above technical features: it also includes step three: collecting the net on site, lifting a buoy, untying the nets on both sides of the buoy from the buoy, and rolling up the net from the lifting end. When it reaches the other end, lift the second buoy, untie the connection between the nets on both sides, and complete the collection of the first net; then roll up the second net to the buoy at the other end, and repeat this cycle until all the nets and buoys are collected.

[0019] The invention has three major innovative features: flexible support technology, flexible wave elimination technology, and buoyancy balance technology.

[0020] (1) The device uses the principle of buoyancy and flexible wave dissipation technology. All components, including buoys, barriers and floating ball columns, can dance with the waves, rise and fall with the waves, and synchronize with the waves. Therefore, the flexible barriers and floating ball columns can be used to continuously break the waves, thereby achieving energy dissipation and protecting themselves. It is different from the traditional seine net, which is rigid to resist wind and waves.

[0021] (2) The seine device has a wave-breaking effect. Under the flexible support, the flexible fence can adapt to the strong wave energy through its own deformation. The fence and the buoy column can continuously separate and break the waves. The large waves are continuously divided into small waves, thereby achieving continuous wave-breaking and energy-dissipating.

[0022] (3) Innovative floating support technology, combined application of buoys and floating ball columns. The application of floating ball columns transforms the large-span barrier into a multi-span barrier, innovates the floating support concept, and the barrier and floating ball columns restrain and complement each other, providing a guarantee for support and wave dissipation.

[0023] (4) The device has standardized design, factory production and prefabricated construction; it has a simple structure, is safe and reliable, and is easy to maintain and replace.

[0024] (5) Innovate the principle of secondary buoyancy balance and provide a new technology of setting a balancing device around the float to automatically control the stability of the float.

[0025] The cross section of the buoy in the present invention is in the shape of a ladder with two steps corresponding to the mechanical performance requirements of the primary buoyancy and the secondary buoyancy. The lower part is a primary buoy, which provides the primary buoyancy, that is, the buoyancy required by the deadweight of the buoy and part of the intercepting net under normal conditions; the upper part is a secondary buoy, which provides the balancing buoyancy required under wind and wave conditions, that is, under the action of the horizontal load of wind and waves, the buoy will tilt to one side, and the secondary buoy on that side will then play a supporting role, that is, the cylinder of the secondary buoy is immersed in water to generate buoyancy, thereby providing support for the entire buoy, and it is easier to achieve instant balance between buoyancy and wind and waves.

[0026] Secondly, there is a tumbler-style float column that can resist wind loads and wave impacts from any direction to prevent the buoy from tilting due to the net, keeping the net in a vertical state at all times.

[0027] (6) The first-stage buoy, the second-stage buoy and the float column work together to form a self-balancing system with a simple structure, no complex parts processing, easy to use and low manufacturing cost. The unique idea can effectively solve the swaying effect and has a one-two-dollar effect. It does not require manual control or any power, and can automatically adjust and balance instantly. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 Standard section elevation of the seine device

[0029] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the staged or expanded construction of the seine installation

[0030] Figure 3 A planar layout of the seine device

[0031] Figure 4 Top floor plan of pontoon

[0032] Figure 5 Bottom floor plan

[0033] Figure 6 Elevation of pontoon

[0034] Figure 7 Buoy Section

[0035] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the barrier elevation at the highest tidal level

[0036] Fig. 9 Schematic diagram of the barrier elevation at the lowest tide level

[0037] Fig.10 Float column elevation

[0038] In the figure, each symbol indicates:

[0039] Buoy 1; blocking net 2; floating ball column 3; blocking net unit 4; primary buoy 5; secondary buoy 6; railing 7; manhole 8; hook ring 9; counterweight 10; anchor chain 11; anchor 12; anchor chain fixing point 13 at the bottom of the cylinder; ladder 14; secondary rope 15; main rope 16; net 17; connecting ring 18; counterweight chain 19; net hook 20; hollow column 21; floating ball 22; counterweight block 23; ring clamp 24.

[0040] Intensive breeding area A; extensive breeding area B; expanded range C; first-level buoy diameter D1; second-level buoy diameter D2; block height h; buoy section height h1; lower section height h2; super-high section height h3; highest tide level F; lowest tide level G; beach bottom elevation J; tide level K. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] The specific embodiments of the present invention are further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. These embodiments are only used to illustrate the present invention, but not to limit the present invention.

[0042] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside" and the like indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operate in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0043] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0044] Furthermore, in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, “plurality” means two or more.

[0045] Combined with the figure, the following is explained in four parts: overall layout, main component design, usage effect analysis, and installation and usage methods.

[0046] 1. Overall layout

[0047] like Figure 1 As shown, the seine device is composed of a buoy system and a blocking net system. The buoy 1 is the support of the blocking net 2 and the main load-bearing component. Its function is to provide buoyancy for the blocking net 2, drive the blocking net 2 to rise and fall with the tide level, and is also a positioning component of the seine. The distance between the two buoys 1 is generally 50m to 100m. Two buoys support a blocking net unit 4 and are connected to each other to form the seine device of the present invention.

[0048] The distance between the two buoys 1 should be arranged at equal intervals according to the breeding grounds to be constructed, forming a series of barrier nets, which can be enclosed to form a fence. The fence can be arranged in a rectangular shape or in a broken line, for example, Figure 3As shown, the fence area can be a regular hexagon, the side length can be determined according to needs, and it can be one barrier unit or several barrier units connected together.

[0049] According to different breeding sites, different breeding requirements in different stages, and different breeding methods, the fence 2 can be arranged in different ways. Figure 2 As shown in the figure, when expanding, the original fence at the interface can be turned to the expanded area C for reuse, and there is no abandoned fence; the fence between the intensive breeding area A and the extensive breeding area B can be rotated for flexible division. When intensive breeding is required, it is convenient to separate the fence and realize intensive breeding in a small area, and the expansion can be carried out after the fence is turned.

[0050] 2. Main component design

[0051] The purse seine system consists of a buoy system and a net system, each of which is made up of different components. The two systems work together to build the purse seine system.

[0052] 2.1 Float system, see Figures 4 to 7 .

[0053] The main components of the buoy system are: buoy 1, anchor 12 and anchor chain 11. The buoy mainly includes a primary buoy 5, a secondary buoy 6, a hook 9, an entry hole 8, a ladder 14, a counterweight 10, and a railing 7.

[0054] (1) Float 1: The float 1 replaces the column support in the prior art, and the fence can move vertically with the water level. The floating support of the float column 3 in the middle of the fence 2 can greatly increase the span of the fence. The float 1, the fence 2 and other components can be reused, which solves the problem of large span of the fence. The span can be unlimited and can be fenced arbitrarily.

[0055] One or two relatively large buoys 1 can be arranged in a fenced aquaculture area, and management rooms can be arranged on the buoys 1 for feed throwing equipment, water quality monitoring, etc.; solar energy and wind power generation can be adopted. A ladder 14 is arranged outside the relatively large buoy 1, and a small boat can be arranged inside the fence for easy use inside the fence.

[0056] The shape and size of the buoy 1 are calculated and determined according to the needs, because it is necessary to provide buoyancy. Therefore, the buoy is an empty box and can be made of impermeable materials such as steel and plastic.

[0057] 1) First-stage buoy 5: The cross section of the buoy in the present invention is stepped, and the two steps correspond to the first-stage buoyancy and the second-stage buoyancy. The lower part is the first-stage buoy 5, which provides the first-stage buoyancy, that is, the buoyancy required by the buoy and part of the deadweight of the intercepting net under normal conditions; the buoyancy provided by the first-stage buoy should be determined by comprehensive calculation based on the top surface load, the underwater anchor chain 11, the weight of the buoy, etc., and the counterweight 10 should be included when there is one.

[0058] 2) Secondary buoy 6: The upper part is the secondary buoy 6, which provides the secondary buoyancy required in the wind and wave state, that is, under the horizontal load of wind and waves, the buoy 1 will tilt to one side. When the tilt angle is greater than the design requirement, the secondary buoy 6 is immersed in the water to generate buoyancy; the greater the tilt, the greater the buoyancy, the secondary buoyancy transmits the balancing buoyancy to the primary buoy through the secondary buoy, forming a horizontal load to resist wind and waves, and automatically plays the role of the balancing device with the overturning moment generated by wind and waves in different directions, thereby maintaining the stability of the buoy and achieving self-balancing.

[0059] The secondary buoy 6 is a part of the buoy. The balancing device is simple in structure, does not require complex parts processing, is easy to use, and has low manufacturing cost. A self-balancing buoy device is provided by the secondary buoy 6. Generally, the bottom surface of the secondary buoy is 0.1m higher than the static water level. The diameter D2 of the secondary buoy is greater than the diameter D1 of the primary buoy.

[0060] Under the action of wind and waves, or when the load on the top surface of the buoy is uneven, in order to reduce the swaying of the buoy and achieve basic stability of the buoy, the buoy body must be very large and multiple anchor chains must be added. Obviously, this method not only increases investment, but also has little effect. In view of the defects of the current buoys, the balancing device composed of the secondary buoy 6 of the present invention can increase buoyancy, adjust balance, and reduce the shaking of the entire buoy. In view of the defects of the buoy swaying, the present invention provides a new technology of arranging balancing devices around the buoy to automatically control the stability of the buoy.

[0061] 3) Hook 9: Hook 9 is a circular closed metal ring. Hook 9 is welded to the outside of buoy 1 and is symmetrically arranged; the vertical distance is corresponding to the hook 20 of the main cable 16 of the barrier net. Hook 9 provides connection for the main cable 16 of the barrier net 2, so that the barrier net 2 is provided with tension by buoy 1.

[0062] 4) Manhole 8, ladder 14 and railing 7: Figure 4 As shown, a square manhole 8 is set on the top wall of the buoy, with a side length of not less than 700mm, and a steel ladder is set on the wall to the bottom of the buoy; Figure 6 As shown, a 1.0m high railing 7 is arranged around the top surface of the buoy. Solar energy, monitoring instruments and other equipment can be arranged on the top surface of the buoy as needed, and the size of the top surface should be determined as needed.

[0063] 5) Counterweight 10: After the size of the buoy is determined, the height in the water is adjusted with the counterweight 10, and the shaking is controlled with the counterweight 10. In order to lower the center of gravity of the buoy, Figure 5 As shown, concrete blocks can be arranged at the bottom of the empty box of the first-stage buoy 5 to lower the center of gravity of the entire buoy 1, thereby reducing the swaying of the buoy 1.

[0064] (2) Anchor 12 and anchor chain 11: Anchor 12 and anchor chain 11 are conventional positioning components. The weight and size of anchor 12 are determined according to the tension required by the buoy, and anchor chain 11 is set according to the strength. The buoy 1 is usually anchored to the bottom of the water by anchor chain 11 to fix the position of the buoy 1. Figure 5 The dotted line in the middle indicates the anchor chain fixing point 13 at the bottom of the cylinder. The anchor 12 sinks to the bottom of the water, and the anchor chain 11 connects the anchor 12 and the buoy 1, so that the buoy 1 rises and falls with the water level; the length of the anchor chain 11 should be sufficient to pull the buoy 1 at the highest water level.

[0065] 2.2 Blocking system, see Figures 8 to 10 .

[0066] The main components of the blocking system are: a blocking net 2 and a floating ball column 3. The blocking net includes: a net 17, a main rope 16, a net hook 20, a secondary rope 15, a weight chain 19, and a connecting ring 18; the floating ball column 3 includes a floating ball 22, a hollow column 21, and a counterweight block 23.

[0067] Composition of the blocking net 2: The blocking net 2 is composed of a grid and a net 17. The main cable 16 is arranged horizontally, and the secondary cable 15 is arranged horizontally and vertically. The two form a grid to form the skeleton of the net 17. The main cable 16 of the blocking net 2 is connected to the buoy 1 at both ends, and the buoy 1 is used as a support; between the two supports, the blocking net is arranged with a floating ball column 3 at intervals, and the interval is determined according to the buoyancy required by the blocking net 2, and the net top is not less than 300mm above the still water surface. The floating ball columns 3 are arranged at equal intervals in the length direction of the blocking net 2 as floating supports for the blocking net 2; the floating ball columns 3 are both supports for the blocking net 2 and are constrained by the blocking net 2 and move with the blocking net 2. The floating ball columns 3 and the buoy 1 rise and fall with the water level. The center of gravity of the floating ball column 3 is at the bottom, so it is like a tumbler in the wind and waves, thereby maintaining the vertical posture of the blocking net 2, always in a blocking state, and can effectively play the role of the seine. At the same time, the span of the barrier can be effectively increased, thereby saving the supporting components of the barrier.

[0068] Blocking net unit 4: There is a blocking net unit 4 between two buoys, and each blocking net unit 4 is connected to the buoy to form a fence. The two ends of a blocking net unit 4 are stepped, and a net hook 20 is provided at the end of the main rope 16 of the upper section of the blocking net and the buoy, which is connected to the hook ring 9 on the outer wall of the buoy; a connecting ring 18 is provided at the lower section of the blocking net, which is hooked to the connecting ring 18 at the opposite side of the blocking net. The span of the blocking net on both sides of the same buoy 1 should be equal, and it is pulled on both sides of the buoy to form a stable state.

[0069] Height of the net h: The minimum height of the net should meet the highest tide level F, that is: the height of the net h = (highest tide level F-the elevation of the beach bottom J). Generally, the height of the net h = h1 + 1.1h2 + h3 (the height of the buoy section where the net is located h1; the height of the lower section of the net h2; the height of the super-high section above the static water level h3). The redundancy of the height of the lower section h2 of the net is to meet the deformation of the seine under the action of wind and waves. The lower section of the net consists of a net 17 and a secondary cable 15. The lower section of the net is suspended under the net of the buoy section, and the main cable is on the ground. In order to ensure that the net is in close contact with the beach without leaving any gaps, the main cable is equipped with a counterweight chain 19. The buoy section and the super-high section are composed of a net 17, a main cable 16, and a secondary cable 15. The height h3 of the super-high section of the top of the net above the static water level does not need to be too high, and generally it can be not less than 300mm above the static water level.

[0070] Figure 8 The figure shows the elevation diagram of the barrier net at the highest tidal level F. Fig. 9 The figure shows the elevation of the barrier net at the lowest tide level G. The other figures show the tide level K.

[0071] (1) Net 17: The net 17 can be an existing product, and its mesh size should be determined according to the type of aquaculture. The net 17 is connected to the grid to transfer the load to the grid, and the main cable 16 of the grid transfers the load to the buoy.

[0072] (2) Main cables 16, secondary cables 15 and counterweight chains 19: The main cables 16 are arranged horizontally, and the secondary cables 15 are arranged horizontally and vertically. The two cables form a grid, forming the skeleton of the net 17. The diameters of the main cables 16 and the secondary cables 15 are calculated according to the strength of the materials.

[0073] The main cable 16 is the main force-bearing component of the barrier net. There should be no less than 3 main cables in the buoy section. The ends of the main cables are provided with net hooks 20, which are connected with the hook rings 9 on the outer wall of the buoy. Two main cables 16 are provided above and below the barrier net, and several more main cables 16 are provided in the middle according to needs, and the rest are flexible secondary cables.

[0074] Counterweight chain 19: The counterweight chain 19 is made of galvanized material, chain-shaped, and retractable. A main cable 16 should be set at the bottom of the barrier net, and a counterweight chain 19 is set on the main cable 16 to ensure that the bottom of the barrier net is in contact with the beach bottom to avoid moving with wind, waves, and currents.

[0075] (3) Net hook 20 and connecting ring 18: After the mesh of the barrier net is formed, the net hook 20 is installed at the two ends of the main rope 16 of the buoy section, corresponding to the hook ring 9 on the buoy 1, and the connecting ring 18 is set at both ends of the lower section barrier net. The net hook 20 and the connecting ring 18 are both metal components with a bayonet, which are connected to other components at the opening, and then the bayonet is closed and locked; when the bayonet is opened and unlocked, the barrier net can be rolled up and folded.

[0076] Net hook 20: Net hooks 20 are provided at both ends of the main rope 16 of the barrier net 2, which are hooked with the corresponding hook ring 9 on the outside of the buoy, and the barrier net 2 is provided with tension by the buoy 1. The net hook 20 is a semicircular metal hook with a long handle, and a round hole is provided at the tail of the long handle as the connection hole of the main rope 16. The net hook 20 is locked after being hooked with the hook ring 9 to ensure that it will not be unhooked under waves.

[0077] 2. Float column 3, see Fig.10 .

[0078] The float column 3 is a short column 21 fixed on the float 22, that is, it is composed of the float 22, the counterweight 23, and the hollow column 21. The float 22 is a hollow ball with a built-in concrete counterweight to form the bottom. The bottom of the hollow column 21 is consolidated with the float 22, and the ring clamp 24 at the top is clamped with the uppermost main cable 16.

[0079] (1) Floating ball 22 and counterweight 23: The use of floating ball column 21 can increase the span of the barrier 2 and reduce the number of buoys 1. The floating ball column 21 is constrained by the grid, but at the same time, due to the buoyancy, it provides support for the main cable and the grid, and the two are interdependent.

[0080] (2) Hollow column 21: The hollow column 21 is made of plastic with good strength, and the top surface is sealed. A ring clamp 24 is set at the top. The ring clamp 24 is clamped with the main cable 16. Under the buoyancy generated by the floating ball in the water, the hollow column 21 always supports the main cable 16.

[0081] (3) Usage: According to the designed spacing, set the net bag to hold the floating ball 22 and tie it to the grid. The floating ball 22 is placed in the net bag and sealed after it is placed in. The hollow column 21 is tied and connected to the grid. At the intersection of the main cable 16 and the secondary cable 15 of the grid, the hollow column is tied firmly with a flexible cable. Each floating ball column 3 is like a buoy, bearing the support of the blocking net 2, and the blocking net 2 is erected to form a barrier.

[0082] 3. Analysis of usage effect

[0083] Since the device can rise and fall with the water level, it can resist the damage of wind and waves and will not be half exposed in the air at low tide. The blocking net and the support are flexible and dance with the wind and waves. In the wind and waves, the flexible blocking net and the buoy column are used to continuously break the waves, thereby achieving energy dissipation, effectively consuming the energy brought by the wave propagation, and playing a wave-breaking and protective role itself; instead of rigidly resisting the wind and waves, it has a stronger ability to resist wind and waves.

[0084] (1) Still water state

[0085] When the wind is calm or the waves are light, the buoy is relatively stable and the secondary buoy balance device is in a non-working state, that is, the secondary buoy does not generate buoyancy and is in a balanced state. It is quietly waiting. Once there is wind and waves, the buoy will tilt and the secondary buoy can automatically start to maintain stability.

[0086] (2) Unbalanced wind, waves or loads

[0087] When there are wind and waves or people are working on the top of the buoy, the buoy will tilt to one side. When the tilt reaches the limit value, the secondary buoy on that side will immediately play a supporting role, that is, the cylinder body of the secondary buoy is immersed in water to generate buoyancy, thereby providing support for the entire buoy, making it easier to achieve instant balance between buoyancy and wind and waves.

[0088] The technology of the present invention has the following characteristics:

[0089] (1) Stability can be automatically controlled

[0090] The new technology of the present invention adopts a two-level buoyancy balance device and a tumbler-style float column, which can resist wind loads and wave impacts in any direction to prevent the buoy from tilting under the influence of the barrier net, and keep the barrier net always in a vertical state.

[0091] Even if a conventional buoy uses multiple anchor chains, it cannot function with wind and waves, and the force is difficult to calculate and the direction cannot be controlled. The present invention uses a balancing device of a secondary buoy to convert it into overcoming swaying on water, and the size of the balancing force can be calculated and the direction can be controlled.

[0092] (2) Save the cost of fence construction

[0093] In order to reduce the swaying of ordinary fences, it is often necessary to use multiple anchor chains in different directions to fix the fences, or use columns and piles to fix them to increase the anti-swaying ability; these measures increase the investment and increase the difficulty of construction. The present invention overcomes these technical deficiencies and adopts floating and automatic balancing to save investment.

[0094] (3) The first-stage buoy, the second-stage buoy and the float column work together to form a balancing device with a simple structure, no complex processing, easy to use and low manufacturing cost. It can effectively solve the swaying effect and has a one-two-dollar effect. It does not require manual control or any power, and can automatically adjust and balance instantly.

[0095] (4) Standardization and universality: the same component standards in the purse seine device facilitate universal use and standardized production.

[0096] 4.Installation and usage

[0097] 4.1 Production of seine equipment

[0098] The plane layout can be in a straight line or a zigzag line according to the shape of the required fence area.

[0099] The components such as the buoy 1 and the barrier net 2 have the same size, shape and requirements, so they can be standardizedly produced in the factory and assembled on site.

[0100] 4.1.1 Buoy production and assembly

[0101] The main components of the buoy system are: buoy 1, anchor 12 and anchor chain 11, wherein the buoy 1 includes: primary buoy 5, secondary buoy 6, hook ring 9, manhole 8, ladder 14, counterweight 10, railing 7, etc.

[0102] It is made of steel plates according to the designed dimensions; the first-level buoy and the second-level buoy are welded into a complete box.

[0103] (1) Process the hook 9, manhole 8, ladder 14, counterweight 10, and railing 7 according to the designed dimensions;

[0104] (2) Assembling the components described in (1) with the box body;

[0105] (3) Making anchor 12 and anchor chain 11, and welding anchor chain 11 to the bottom of buoy;

[0106] After completing steps (1) to (3), a complete buoy 1 is assembled.

[0107] 4.1.2 Blocking net production and assembly

[0108] The main components of the barrier system are: barrier net 2 and floating ball column 3. The same components of the barrier net 2 have the same shape and size, so they can be standardized in the factory. The barrier net includes a net 17, a main rope 16, a net hook 20, a secondary rope 15, a weight chain 19, a connecting ring 18, etc.; the floating ball column includes a floating ball 22, a hollow column 21, a counterweight block 23, etc.

[0109] (1) The net 17, main rope 16, net hook 20, secondary rope 15, weight chain 19, and connecting ring 18 are standardized and manufactured according to the designed size;

[0110] (2) The net 17, the main rope 16, the net hook 20, the secondary rope 15, the weight chain 19, and the connecting ring 18 are assembled in the factory to complete a barrier net 2;

[0111] (3) The float 22, the hollow column 21, and the counterweight 23 are manufactured in a standardized manner according to the design dimensions;

[0112] (4) Assemble the float 22, the hollow column 21, and the counterweight 23 into a float column 3;

[0113] (5) Assembling the barrier 2 and the float column 3 in the factory;

[0114] At this point, a barrier unit 4 is formed after the assembly is completed.

[0115] The other blocking units are assembled in the same way.

[0116] 4.2 On-site installation and network closing

[0117] Each buoy 1 and barrier net 2 can be transported to the site by ship.

[0118] (1) Connect one end of the first fence to a buoy on board, and then place the buoy at the designated position;

[0119] (2) The fence is then deployed along the seine layout line to the other end and connected to the second buoy, while a second fence is installed on the other side of the buoy;

[0120] (3) Place the second buoy at the set position; at this time, the distance between the two buoys is the length of the mesh unit;

[0121] (4) Then, the second fence is deployed along the seine layout line to the other end and connected to the third buoy, and the third fence is installed on the other side of the buoy;

[0122] And so on, the same method is used to install other block nets and buoys in sequence.

[0123] (5) On-site closing

[0124] A buoy is hoisted on the ship, the nets on both sides of the buoy are unhooked from the buoy, and the net is rolled up from that end. When it reaches the other end, the second buoy is hoisted, the hooks of the nets on both sides are unhooked, and the first net is rolled up. Then the second net is rolled up to the buoy at the other end... and so on, until all the nets and buoys are collected on the ship.

[0125] (6) When the enclosure range needs to be expanded or the enclosure farming method needs to be changed, it is only necessary to fold up the buoys and nets on one side of the enclosure and move them to the set position, and complete the arrangement of other nets accordingly.

[0126] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and substitutions can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present invention. These improvements and substitutions should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An offshore enclosure farming device, characterized in that: The invention comprises a buoy system and a net system; the buoy system comprises a plurality of buoys (1); two of the buoys (1) and the net (2) therebetween constitute a net unit (4); the net units (4) are mutually enclosed to form a fence; the cross section of the buoy (1) is in a stepped shape with a larger upper portion and a smaller lower portion, wherein the lower step is a first-stage buoy (5); the upper step is a second-stage buoy (6); the bottom surface of the second-stage buoy (6) is higher than the static water level; the first-stage buoy (5) is used to provide the buoyancy required by the deadweight of the buoy (1) and the part of the net (2) connected to the buoy (1) under normal conditions; the second-stage buoy (6) is used to provide the buoyancy required under wind and wave conditions; the two ends of the net (2) in the net unit (4) are in a stepped shape with a smaller upper portion and a larger lower portion, wherein the upper portion of the net (2) is connected to the outer wall of the buoy (1); and the lower portion of the net (2) is connected to the adjacent net (2) on the opposite side; The barrier system further comprises a floating ball column (3), a plurality of the floating ball columns (3) are arranged at intervals and connected to the upper side of the barrier (2); The float column (3) is a hollow column (21) fixed on the float (22), and the float (22) is a hollow ball with a built-in counterweight (23) at the bottom; The first-stage buoy (5) is provided with a counterweight (10); the anchor (12) is sunk to the bottom of the water, the anchor chain (11) connects the anchor (12) and the buoy (1), and the buoy (1) rises and falls with the water level; the length of the anchor chain (11) is sufficient to pull the buoy (1) when the highest water level is reached.

2. The offshore enclosure farming device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The barrier net (2) comprises a net (17), a main rope (16), a secondary rope (15), and a counterweight chain (19); the main rope (16) is arranged horizontally, and the secondary rope (15) is arranged horizontally and vertically, and the two constitute a grid, forming the skeleton of the net (17); the counterweight chain (19) is arranged at the bottom of the barrier net (2).

3. The offshore enclosure farming device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The height of the barrier net (2) satisfies the highest tidal level (F) and at the same time satisfies the deformation of the barrier net (2) under the action of wind and waves, so that the bottom of the barrier net (2) always overlaps with the beach bottom.

4. The offshore enclosure farming device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The net hook (20) is arranged at the end of the main rope (16) at the upper part of the blocking net (2); the hook ring (9) is welded to the outer side of the buoy (1); the vertical distance of the hook ring (9) is arranged corresponding to the net hook (20), and the hook ring (9) and the net hook (20) are connected to each other; the connecting ring (18) is arranged on both sides of the lower part of the blocking net, and the adjacent blocking nets (2) are connected to each other through the connecting ring (18).

5. The method for constructing an offshore enclosure aquaculture device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Step 1: manufacturing the purse seine device, including processing the buoy (1) and the fence (2) in a factory; Step 2: On-site installation, the buoy (1) and the net (2) are transported to the site, one end of the first net (2) is connected to the first buoy (1), and the first buoy (1) is arranged at a set position; then the first net (2) is unfolded to the other end along the fence layout line and connected to the second buoy (1), and the second net (2) is installed on the other side of the second buoy (1); the second buoy (1) is placed at the set position; then the second net (2) is unfolded to the other end along the fence layout line and connected to the third buoy (1), and the third net (2) is installed on the other side of the third buoy (1); and so on to complete the assembly of the buoy (1) and the net (2).

6. The method for constructing an offshore enclosure aquaculture device according to claim 5, characterized in that: In the step 1, the float columns (3) are processed in the factory and fixed at intervals on the upper side of the barrier (2).

7. A method for constructing an offshore enclosure aquaculture device according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that: The method further comprises the following steps: collecting the net on site, hoisting one of the buoys (1), untying the connection between the blocking nets (2) on both sides of the buoy (1) and the buoy (1), and rolling up the blocking net (2) from the hoisted end. When the buoy reaches the other end, hoisting the second buoy (1), untying the connection between the blocking nets (2) on both sides, and completing the collection of the first blocking net (2); then rolling up the second blocking net (2) to the buoy (1) at the other end, and repeating the cycle until all the blocking nets (2) and the buoys (1) are collected.

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