A combined equipment suitable for grinding and / or pulverizing polymer materials

Abstract

This invention provides a combined equipment suitable for granulation and / or crushing of polymer materials by grinding, characterized by: any or more combinations of 1 and 2 to 3: 1. A combined sub-equipment A carrying at least a grinding mechanism, wherein the "grinding mechanism" uses waste plastic film and / or waste agricultural plastic film discarded from waste paper recycling with a bulk density of ≥0.06kg / L to coarse material that passes through a 2-mesh sieve as a calibration material. When the "calibrator" enters the "grinding mechanism" once, the product of the output W (kg) and the time T (h) is given by the ratio of the rated power P (kW) of the motor driving the main shaft of the "grinding mechanism" to the product of the output W (kg) and the time T (h), which is: W·T / P≥1.30kg·h / kW; and the output product obtained by the "calibrator" once contains particles that pass through a 10-mesh sieve to a 20-mesh sieve, wherein the "particles" are in the shape of silkworm strips, and the aspect ratio of the strips is in the range of 3 / 1 to 15 / 1.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention proposes a combined equipment suitable for granulation and / or pulverization of polymer materials by grinding, relating to processing equipment for granulation / powdering of plastics and rubber in polymer materials, especially suitable for the processing of thermoplastic plastics and / or elastomers into granules at room temperature, or the processing of thermosetting elastomers into powder at room temperature, belonging to the technical field of machinery for granulation / powdering of polymer composites / compositions. Technical Background

[0002] In industrialized technologies for processing elastomers and / or plastics from polymer materials into rubber-plastic composites, if the selected elastomer is cured waste vulcanized rubber, it must first be finely crushed and / or replasticized. Current technologies require the use of high-speed agitators and / or combined machinery such as open mills, internal mixers, and screw extruders, operating at temperatures of 140°C or higher and under kneading / shearing conditions. Using these machines for powdering elastomers and plastics presents challenges such as dust generation due to the difficulty in sealing open and intermittent production, high energy consumption and low efficiency in intermittent operations, and prolonged air contact with high-temperature materials, which can easily degrade the processed polymer materials.

[0003] Furthermore, plastic products, a type of polymer material, permeate all aspects of life in today's society. Among them, composite films made from plastic films and paper, cloth, aluminum foil, etc., as well as leather materials, are increasingly widely used in the food and beverage, advertising materials, stationery, and product packaging industries. After being recycled, plastic products, especially composite films and leather materials made from plastics and paper, cloth, aluminum foil, etc., are usually in a mixed state. Separating them from the original plastic types with the specific paper, cloth, aluminum foil, etc., is not only technically difficult but also economically unprofitable. If this mixed waste plastic is not separated and only recycled using existing methods such as hot melt extrusion granulation or high-speed mixing pelletizing for pure or relatively pure waste plastics, problems such as screen blockage, scorching, and choking fumes may occur during hot melt extrusion due to the presence of plastics with large melting temperature differences and large particles, long fibers, and other insoluble impurities. This may also result in excessively large particle sizes of insoluble impurities in the product obtained by high-speed mixing pelletizers, ultimately leading to a low cost-performance ratio for the recycled product. Currently, the main methods for disposing of this mixed waste plastic are landfill, incineration, or pyrolysis. However, these methods, besides failing to achieve resource recycling of mixed waste plastics, also suffer from insurmountable drawbacks such as high investment costs, low efficiency, and severe environmental pollution.

[0004] The inventor had previously proposed a Chinese patent (CN101665627B) entitled "A New Method for Preparing Rubber-Plastic Composites", which proposed a method of grinding vulcanized rubber at room temperature. This method was then extended to the processing of "thermosetting elastomers and plastics or / and thermoplastic elastomers". However, after implementing this solution, it was found that in the combined equipment of the implementation solution composed of known unit devices, at least two key unit devices would hinder the realization of the solution.

[0005] Firstly, in existing technologies, the room-temperature fine crushing of elastomers is currently limited to grinding and crushing machinery used for thermosetting elastomers, such as the crushing of thermosetting vulcanized waste rubber like waste tires. This type of room-temperature fine crushing operation is mainly carried out using disc mills. During this process, the feed particle size is generally required to be in the range of 16-30 mesh, and the material being crushed must also have good flowability under the screw's pushing pressure to facilitate pressurized feeding into the narrow gap between the moving and stationary grinding discs. However, the proposed solution requires... When thermoplastic materials (such as thermosetting elastomers and plastics, or / and thermoplastic elastomers) are crushed, the material becomes sticky due to passive friction heating between the feed screw end and the non-crushing working area wall in the center of the moving grinding disc after about 10 to 20 minutes of crushing. The sticky material severely sticks to the screw until the machine stops. This proves that the matching mechanism between the feed screw and the grinding disc of this type of grinding mill is not suitable for heat-sensitive materials such as thermosetting elastomers and plastics, or / and thermoplastic elastomers.

[0006] Secondly, the separation effect on impurities is not good. After being barely crushed by a room temperature grinding mill for thermosetting elastomers, and then separated by a cyclone separator and mechanical sieve, about 1 to 2% of the resulting material is always non-magnetic metallic impurities in the form of flakes that are difficult to remove.

[0007] Therefore, the inventor subsequently proposed a Chinese patent (CN102212272B) entitled "Combined Equipment Suitable for Preparing Polymer Composites by Milling Method". The superordinate technology concept of this CN102212272B is:

[0008] "The combined equipment used in the implementation of the 'Technical Scheme for Grinding and Crushing Elastomers and / or Plastics at Room Temperature to Prepare Polymer Composites' will be improved. The key improvements are: The screw and grinding disc mating mechanism of the disc-type crusher currently used in the combined equipment, which can only grind and crush thermosetting elastomers such as vulcanized rubber at room temperature, will be improved to prevent the machine from stopping due to rod blockage when crushing thermoplastic materials; a high-voltage electrostatic field separator can be added to the combined equipment so that the material crushed by the improved room-temperature disc-type elastomer crusher can be processed by the high-voltage electrostatic field separator to remove non-magnetic impurities such as aluminum shavings and copper shavings."

[0009] The lower-level technical solution of this CN102212272B is:

[0010] "...

[0011] The aforementioned 'an improved mechanism for the screw and grinding disc of an elastomer crusher' comprises any one or more of the following configurations: A or A and B:

[0012] A. A lubricated soft filling component or a lubricated soft high-power feeding and propulsion component is provided between the end face of the feed screw and the non-grinding working area in the middle of the moving grinding disc, including any one of the following configurations: A-1, A-2, A-3, A-4, and A-5.

[0013] ...

[0014] B. Adjust the structure of the feed screw itself to reduce material friction, heat generation, and heat accumulation, while ensuring sufficient pressure in the grinding disc working area. This reduces the torque load on the screw, such as by reasonably reducing the screw diameter and the force-bearing area of ​​the helical teeth, and reducing the high-load length of the screw. Representative technical measures include at least one or more combinations of the settings described in B-1 to B-7 below:

[0015] ......".

[0016] While the subordinate technical solution provided by the applicant in this case, based on the superior technical concept of CN102212272B, has significantly improved the crushing effect of elastomers, especially thermosetting vulcanized waste rubber, and is relatively ideal compared with the market products prior to CN102212272B, it is not ideal for heat-sensitive plastics that are more prone to sticking. For example, when testing the machine on waste plastic film residues discharged from the recycling process of composite waste paper containing plastic film, especially for waste plastic film residues with low bulk density, such as about 0.06 kg / L passing through a 10 mm sieve, even if the crusher grinding disc is not closed, the material cannot fall from the feed hopper into the conveying screw and be smoothly discharged by the feeding screw, let alone reach or exceed the processing capacity of vulcanized rubber with a bulk density of about 0.5 kg / L passing through a 20 mm sieve. This indicates that technical solutions A and B derived from the technical concept of CN102212272B cannot completely solve the problem of miscellaneous waste plastic film residue being easy to stick to the screw and difficult to discharge from the screw; in particular, technical solution B of CN102212272B has not completely solved the problem of making miscellaneous waste plastic film residue discharge with high flow rate like vulcanized rubber; this indicates that the screw described in CN102212272B still needs improvement. Summary of the Invention

[0017] The purpose of this invention is to provide a combined equipment suitable for processing polymer materials by grinding. This equipment is at least an improvement upon the room-temperature grinding disc type elastomer milling and crushing mill (CN102212272B), further improving the combination of each unit machine and perfecting the implementation equipment of the technical solution proposed in 200910168766.X. This allows the technical solution, with more suitable equipment, to be used to prepare polymer composites / compositions composed of elastomers and / or plastics, or with the addition of fillers. This addresses the operational shortcomings of current solutions, such as dust generation, high energy consumption, low efficiency, and prolonged air contact with high-temperature materials. Furthermore, it enables the technical solution proposed in 200910168766.X to solve the current problems of low production efficiency, poor product quality, and serious environmental pollution in the recycling of waste plastics, especially mixed waste plastics, truly becoming a feasible solution for the high-value, green recycling of waste plastics, especially mixed waste plastics. In addition, this invention provides a model to reduce the risks of industrial-scale commercial operation, thereby reducing the start-up capital for equipment investment for users.

[0018] The present invention proposes the following technical concept in order to achieve its objective:

[0019] 1. A combined equipment suitable for granulation / pulverization of polymer materials by grinding, wherein the "combined equipment" is characterized by 1-1, or a combination of 1-1 with any or more of 1-2 to 1-3:

[0020] 1-1. A sub-equipment A carrying a grinding mechanism, wherein the "grinding mechanism" uses waste plastic film discarded from waste paper recycling and / or waste agricultural plastic film with a bulk density of ≥0.06kg / L in the polymer material and a coarse density of ≥2 mesh as the calibration material. When the "calibrator" enters the narrow slit surface between the moving / static grinding discs of the "grinding mechanism" in one pass, the product of the output W (kg) and the time T (h) is expressed as the ratio of the rated power P (kW) of the motor driving the main shaft of the "grinding mechanism" to the product of the output W (kg) and the time T (h), which is: W·T / P≥1.30kg·h / kW or W·T / P≥3.90kg·h / kW. The output product obtained by the "calibrator" in one pass contains particles that pass through a 10-mesh sieve to a 20-mesh sieve. The "particles" are in the shape of silkworm strips, and the length-to-diameter ratio of the strips is in the range of 3 / 1 to 15 / 1.

[0021] 1-2. A medium crushing assembly C is installed before A to classify or mix elastomers and / or plastics in polymer materials to any particle size of 2-40 mesh; a cleaning / sorting assembly B is installed before C to clean elastomers and / or waste plastics in polymer materials; and a assembly D carrying a magnetic separator, or / and an assembly E carrying an electric field separator, or / and an assembly F containing a color sorter is connected after A.

[0022] 1-3. A medium crushing assembly C is installed before A to classify or mix polymer elastomers and / or plastics in polymer materials to any particle size of 2-40 sieves; a cleaning / sorting assembly B is installed before C to clean polymer elastomers and / or waste plastics in polymer materials; a coarse crushing assembly G is connected before B; an assembly D carrying a magnetic separator is connected after A, or / and an assembly E carrying an electric field separator is connected, or / and an assembly F containing a color sorter is connected; or / and an assembly D carrying a magnetic separator is connected after C and before A, or / and an assembly E carrying an electric field separator is connected, or / and an assembly F containing a color sorter is connected.

[0023] The “connection” mentioned in 1-2 / 1-3 above specifically refers to the provision of a material conveying mechanism; the “conveying mechanism” refers to any one or a combination of screw conveyors, tubular chain conveyors, belt conveyors, pneumatic conveyors, vibratory conveyors, and overhead crane conveyors.

[0024] 2. In the "grinding mechanism" described in technical solution 1, when selecting the "calibrator" described in technical solution 1 for a single pass through the "grinding mechanism", the ratio of the product of the output W (kg) and the time T (h) to the rated power P (kW) of the motor driving the main shaft of the "grinding mechanism" is more preferably: W·T / P≥8.44kg·h / kW; and the output product obtained by the "calibrator" in a single pass through the machine contains particles that pass through a 10-mesh sieve to a 20-mesh sieve, and the "particles" are in the shape of silkworm strips, with the length-to-diameter ratio of the strips ranging from 3 / 1 to 15 / 1.

[0025] 3. The "grinding mechanism" described in technical solution 1 can be constructed by using an "improved screw and grinding disc cooperation mechanism" in conjunction with a normal temperature grinding disc type fine crusher. Specifically, the normal temperature grinding disc type fine crusher uses a single screw capable of resisting material clamping and achieving efficient feeding to the grinding disc, which cooperates with the rotating grinding disc. The "efficient feeding single screw" is characterized by being configured individually or in series, with a continuous spiral tooth extending along the axis, starting from a section below the outlet of the grinding hopper of the mill. The amount of rotation of the spiral tooth around the axis only needs to be in the range of 1 to 2 turns.

[0026] 4. The "single screw capable of resisting material clamping to achieve efficient feeding of the grinding disc, which is used in conjunction with the stationary and moving grinding discs of the rotary mill" described in technical solution 3 may further include the following preferred features 4-1, or any combination of 4-1 and 4-2 to 4-5:

[0027] 4-1. A feed screw capable of resisting material sticking and with high efficiency, characterized by:

[0028] The feed screw is positioned between the feed bin outlet and the center or eccentricity of the inlet ring of the intermediate slit surface of the moving / stationary grinding disc that performs the grinding and shearing of the elastomer / plastic; the axis of the feed screw is perpendicular to the intermediate slit plane of the moving / stationary flat grinding disc, or to the platform plane of the moving / stationary frustoconical grinding disc; at the very end of the feed screw in the direction of feed, based on a newly installed grinding disc with zero wear, there should be a collision buffer gap of not less than 2mm from the center or eccentricity of the rotating moving grinding disc;

[0029] The feed screw, in sequence, comprises the following working mechanisms that contact the conveyed elastomer / plastic: a feeding section I, a force-applying compression and propulsion section II, a material-resistant rod travel section III, a rotating blade IV that pushes the material into the narrow slit between the moving and stationary grinding discs, a baffle V that prevents the material from contacting the center of the moving disc, and a water-cooling channel mechanism VI located at the center of the screw and / or in the screw tube jacket layer; the combination is configured in the form of I, or I in combination with any one or more of II to VI in sequence, and the improved features of each of "I" to "VI" and the "sequential combination" are as follows:

[0030] I—The feeding section, which is connected after the feed hopper outlet and before the force-applying compression propulsion section, is characterized in that: the pitch of the single helical tooth on the single screw of the feeding section in one revolution should be directly proportional to the length of the feed hopper outlet, that is: the length of the hopper outlet a ≤ the pitch s of the helical tooth on the feed section screw in one revolution. I The width b of its outlet is greater than or equal to the inner diameter D of the screw conveyor pipe in the feed section. I ; or / and: the volume V conveyed by the helical teeth of one unit of feed section I, based on one revolution. I The volume V transported by the helical teeth of Unit 1 of the compression propulsion section II II The ratio is: V I / V II = (1~10) / 1 range; D, inner diameter of the screw conveyor tube in feed section I. I ≥Diameter d of the inner wall of the screw conveyor pipe in the compression propulsion section II II ;

[0031] II – Force-applying compression propulsion section, which is connected after the feeding section and before the anti-material clamping rod traveling section, characterized in that: the helical teeth are set in the range of 0.5 to 1 to 1.5 rotations, and the helical tooth pitch s II ≤Feed section helical tooth pitch s I Its helical tooth height h II ≤ Height of the spiral teeth in the feed section h I When h II =h I At that time, the inner diameter d of its spiral conveying pipe II Equal to the inner diameter D of the screw conveyor pipe in the feeding section IWhen h II <h I At that time, the inner wall of its spiral conveying pipe has a large end diameter D. II / small end diameter d II The frustum-shaped cone has a large-end diameter D. II D, connected to the inner wall of the feed section I Small end diameter d II Connected to the inner wall of the pipe in section III of the anti-material clamping rod III ; or / and: the volume V transported by the helical teeth of unit 1 of the compression propulsion section II, based on one revolution of rotation. II The volume V conveyed by the helical teeth of unit 1 of the feed section I I The ratio is: V II / V I = 1 / (1~10) range; or satisfy the above V II / V I Under the condition that = 1 / (1~10) range, the helical tooth height h of II II A value of 0 means there are no spiral teeth;

[0032] III – The anti-material gripping rod travel section, which is connected after the force-applying compression propulsion section and before the "rotating blade pushing the material into the narrow slit between the moving / stationary grinding discs", is characterized by: no helical teeth on the feed screw shaft, and: or on the basis of the aforementioned "no helical teeth", a screw shaft with a gradually decreasing diameter is provided, or / and a screw conveyor pipe with a gradually increasing diameter is provided on the inner wall; the gradually decreasing diameter includes the screw shaft diameter decreasing by 2mm for every 500mm of travel; the gradually increasing diameter includes the screw conveyor pipe inner wall diameter increasing by 2mm for every 500mm of travel; or the starting point of the "gradually decreasing diameter screw shaft" can be from the connection point between the end of I and the beginning of II of the screw shaft;

[0033] IV—A rotating blade that pushes material into the slit between the moving and stationary grinding discs, which is connected after the "anti-material gripping rod travel section" and before the "baffle that prevents material from contacting the center of the moving disc," characterized in that: the rotating blade has a vertical pushing working surface that pushes material into the slit between the moving and stationary grinding discs, the "working surface" being a flat vertical surface or an outwardly curved vertical surface in the pushing direction; the root of the rotating blade is connected to the screw shaft; the head of the rotating blade is close to the inlet of the slit between the moving and stationary grinding discs, the closeness being at least 1mm of clearance; the horizontal height of the "working surface" of the rotating blade should be at least half the height of the edge of the slit inlet between the moving and stationary grinding discs; the number of rotating blades is: 1, or any one of 2, 3, or 4 evenly distributed on the screw shaft;

[0034] V—A baffle plate to prevent material from contacting the center of the moving disc. It is attached after the rotating blade that pushes the material into the narrow slit between the moving and stationary grinding discs. The side of the baffle plate facing the moving grinding disc is the end of the feed screw. The baffle plate is circular. The diameter of the circular baffle plate should have a gap of 0.5mm compared with the diameter of the inlet ring of the moving grinding disc, or a gap of 0.5mm compared with the diameter of the disc-shaped concave ring at the center of the moving grinding disc. The thickness of the circular baffle plate should be 3mm. The buffer gap between the side of the baffle plate facing the moving grinding disc (the end face of the feed screw) and the disc-shaped concave ring at the center of the moving grinding disc should be 2mm.

[0035] VI—A water-cooling channel mechanism for the screw center and / or the screw tube jacket layer, characterized in that: the water-cooling channel mechanism for the screw center is to connect a known rotary joint inlet to a thin inlet pipe and install it at the screw center, while the return water between the screw center and the thin inlet pipe is discharged through the outlet of the rotary joint; or / and: to connect a known inlet / outlet valve to the water-cooling channel of the screw tube jacket layer;

[0036] 4-2. The "feed screw capable of resisting material clamping" described in 4-1 is horizontally set on a grinding mill for elastic materials / plastics with a flat or frustum-conical annular grinding surface on a horizontally lying moving / static grinding disc;

[0037] 4-3. The "feed screw capable of resisting material clamping" described in 4-1 is set perpendicular to the ground on a fine crusher for elastic materials / plastics with a flat or frustum-conical annular grinding surface on a sitting moving / static grinding disc;

[0038] 4-4. After the "grinding and crushing mill" described in 4-2 or 4-3, an electric discharge smoke extinguisher, or an electric discharge smoke extinguisher and a bag filter and / or condenser for collecting smoke and dust are installed in the exhaust pipe after the cyclone separator for collecting the material; the exhaust gas that has been smoke-extinguished, or has been smoke-extinguished and cooled to room temperature, is drawn into the environment by a fan.

[0039] The "exhaust gas that has been smoke-free and cooled to room temperature" mentioned in 4-5.4-4 is connected to the material inlet after the moving / static grinding disc of the "normal temperature grinding disc type fine crusher" described in technical solution 3 by a duct.

[0040] 5. As described in technical solution 3, the "high-efficiency feeding single screw" has "a continuous spiral tooth extending along a single axis starting from a section below the outlet of the crushing bin, and the amount of the spiral tooth turning around the axis only needs to be in the range of 1 to 2 turns"; wherein the "range of 1 to 2 turns" includes 0.5 to 2.4 turns according to the "rounding" rule.

[0041] 6. The "combined sub-equipment A" as described in technical solution 1 is further characterized in that: in the combined sub-equipment A, a group of unit mechanical devices carrying the "grinding mechanism" as described in technical solution 1 is provided; the "group" is provided with one unit machine carrying the "grinding mechanism"; or one or more of the aforementioned "unit machines" are arranged in parallel and / or in series; or in the "series arrangement", the number of the "unit machines" in each group connected in series is no more than three.

[0042] 7. The "combined sub-equipment A" as described in technical solution 1 is further characterized by: in A, an additional setting is provided to enable the unit mechanical device carrying the "grinding mechanism" as described in technical solution 1 to operate more perfectly, the setting being selected from any or more combinations of the following:

[0043] 7-1. In front of the unit mechanical device carrying the "grinding mechanism", there is an auxiliary equipment for batching or a storage silo;

[0044] 7-2. A cyclone collection and smoke removal device is installed after the unit mechanical device carrying the "grinding mechanism";

[0045] 7-3. After the unit mechanical device carrying the "grinding mechanism", a screening and / or air classification device is provided for the material exiting the grinding and crushing mill;

[0046] 7-4. The combined sub-equipment A is equipped with an automated control circuit system.

[0047] 8. The “combined sub-equipment A” described in technical solution 1, and the combined equipment containing A, can both become independent products.

[0048] 9. The purpose of the "combined equipment" described in technical solution 1 is to obtain any or more combinations including the following 9-1 to 9-3:

[0049] 9-1. Able to process waste plastics and / or waste thermoplastic elastomers in polymer materials into particles of any or more sieve sizes ranging from 10 mesh to no more than 20 mesh, wherein the "particles" are strip-shaped like silkworm bodies.

[0050] The term "waste plastic" refers to any one or more combinations of the following:

[0051] The waste plastic film residue discarded from waste paper recycling includes floating plastic-containing matter and / or sinking plastic-containing matter obtained by water flotation of the aforementioned "waste plastic film residue"; waste foam plastics, polymer fibers containing impurities separated from waste tires through crushing; waste agricultural plastic film, waste wire plastic sheathing, waste plastic packaging tape, waste plastic woven bags, waste / used plastic shoes, waste plastic flooring products, waste plastic toys, waste plastic buckets, waste plastic bottles, waste plastic geotextiles, waste / used plastic lawns, waste miscellaneous plastic building materials, waste plastic pipes, waste plastic boards, waste plastic stationery, waste chemical fiber carpets, waste chemical fiber fabrics, waste plastic boxes / bags, and waste plastic miscellaneous items;

[0052] The term "waste thermoplastic elastomer" refers to any one or more combinations of the following:

[0053] Waste cable sheaths, waste polyurethane shoe soles, discarded polyurethane flooring products, discarded sealing strips for automobile doors and windows, and waste scraps from thermoplastic footwear products discarded by the footwear industry;

[0054] 9-2. Able to process "mixtures or composites of waste plastics and / or waste thermoplastic elastomers with vulcanized rubber, mixtures of waste plastics and / or waste thermoplastic elastomers with rubber / plastic auxiliary powders, mixtures or composites of plastics and / or thermoplastic elastomers with vulcanized rubber, mixtures of plastics and / or thermoplastic elastomers with rubber / plastic auxiliary powders" in polymer materials into mixed or graded particles with any or more sieve mesh sizes in the range of 10 mesh to no more than 20 mesh, wherein the "particles" are strip-shaped like silkworm bodies;

[0055] 9-3. It can process waste vulcanized rubber in polymer materials into fine rubber powder with a particle size of any or more sieve meshes ranging from 40 mesh to no more than 100 mesh, which is a mixture or classification.

[0056] 9-4. The mixture of waste vulcanized rubber in polymer materials and carbon black powder obtained from the pyrolysis residue of waste rubber after thermal pyrolysis can be processed in one pass to produce an ultrafine rubber powder and carbon black mixture with a particle size of any or more sieve sizes ranging from 100 mesh to no more than 200 mesh.

[0057] 10. The business model for the "combined equipment" described in technical solution 1 includes any one or more combinations of the following:

[0058] 10-1. The equipment manufacturer provides a repurchase guarantee to the equipment lessor, who then provides the equipment to the user through leasing and / or mortgage to help the user reduce the equipment start-up capital for construction projects;

[0059] 1 0-2. For enterprises that discharge large quantities of waste plastics, they provide guarantees to equipment leasing companies for waste plastic film residue treatment and utilization service providers that specialize in waste paper recycling. This allows waste plastic film residue treatment and utilization service providers to reduce the start-up capital of equipment for service projects.

[0060] 10-3. The equipment manufacturing supplier invests in and extends the establishment of a franchise chain of enterprises that produce polymer composites or / and compositions by grinding, and at the same time provides repurchase guarantees to equipment leasing companies. The equipment leasing companies then provide equipment to users through leasing or / and mortgage to help new franchisees reduce the start-up capital of equipment for their projects. Attached Figure Description

[0061] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a grinding mill that is equipped with an "improved elastomer / plastic grinding mill screw" and a horizontal moving / stationary surface grinding disc.

[0062] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of another grinding mill that is equipped with an "improved elastomer / plastic grinding mill screw" and a horizontal moving / stationary flat grinding disc.

[0063] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a grinding mill that is equipped with an "improved elastomer / plastic grinding mill screw" and a horizontal moving / stationary conical grinding disc.

[0064] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of another grinding mill that is equipped with an "improved elastomer / plastic grinding mill screw" and a horizontal moving / stationary conical grinding disc.

[0065] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a grinding mill that is equipped with an "improved elastomer / plastic grinding mill screw" and a vertical moving / stationary flat grinding disc.

[0066] Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a grinding mill that is equipped with an "improved elastomer / plastic grinding mill screw" and a vertical moving / stationary conical grinding disc.

[0067] Figure 7 yes Figure 1 Enlarged schematic diagrams of parts 5, 7, V, and VI.

[0068] Figure 8 yes Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the AA section.

[0069] Figure 9This is a schematic diagram of auxiliary equipment including a cyclone separator, exhaust pipe, discharge smoke suppressor, bag filter, fan, and air duct after setting up "an improved screw and grinding disc cooperating mechanism for an elastomer / plastic grinding mill".

[0070] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of an automated control circuit system for setting up auxiliary equipment and its storage bins, as well as cyclone separators and smoke removal devices in A, for screening and / or air classification of materials from the grinding and crushing mill.

[0071] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of a combination device suitable for preparing polymer composites by grinding.

[0072] Figure 12 It is a black and white photograph of the product particles obtained by passing the "calibrator" through the machine during normal feeding of sub-assembly unit A. The product particles are non-straight strips in the shape of silkworm larvae.

[0073] Figure 13 This is a black and white photograph of waste plastic film discarded from the recycling of waste paper, which is coarse enough to pass through a 2-mesh sieve.

[0074] Figures 1 to 11The numbering explanations are as follows: I – Feeding section; II – Force-applying compression and propulsion section; III – Anti-material gripping rod traveling section; IV – Rotating blade pushing material into the narrow slit between the moving / stationary grinding discs; V – Baffle preventing material from contacting the center of the moving disc; VI – Water-cooling channel mechanism located at the center of the screw and / or the screw tube jacket layer; A – Sub-assembly device carrying "an improved screw and grinding disc mating mechanism for an elastomer / plastic grinding mill"; B – Cleaning and / or sorting assembly for elastomers and / or waste plastics. C – Medium crushing assembly for coarsely crushing elastomers and / or plastics to any sieve mesh size of 2-40 for grading or particle size mixing; D – Assembly with magnetic separator; E – Assembly with electric field separator; F – Assembly containing color sorter; G – Coarse crushing assembly; 1 – Single screw feeder; 2 – Outlet of the crushing bin of the grinding mill; 3 – Middle slit surface of the moving / stationary flat or frustoconical grinding disc; 4 – Platform surface of the moving / stationary flat or frustoconical grinding disc; 5 – End of the feed screw shaft; 6 – ... 7 - Rotation center line of the moving grinding disc; 8 - Rotation shaft of the feed screw; 9 - Outer conveying pipe of the feed screw; 10 - Helical teeth; 11 - Stationary grinding disc; 12 - Moving grinding disc; 13 - Rotation shaft of the moving grinding disc; 14 - Transmission mechanism for driving the moving grinding disc; 15 - Motor driving the moving grinding disc; 16 - Motor driving the feed screw; 17 - Transmission mechanism for driving the feed screw; 18 - Stationary grinding disc frame; 19 - Group of ambient temperature grinding disc type fine crushers; 20 - —Cyclone separator for material collection, 21—Exhaust pipe, 22—Electrostatic smoke eliminator, 23—Bag dust collector for collecting smoke and dust, 24—Condenser, 25—Fan, 26—Air duct, 27—Material inlet connected to the "moving grinding disc / stationary grinding disc", 28—Auxiliary equipment for batching, 29—Material storage bin carried by the auxiliary equipment, 30—Smoke removal device, 31—Screening and / or air classification device, 32—Automatic control circuit system installed on combined device A. Detailed Implementation

[0075] Next, to further illustrate the content of this invention, we will specifically refer to the selected embodiments and appendices. Figures 1 to 13 The embodiments and accompanying drawings are provided in detail, but these embodiments and drawings are only for further illustrating the content of the present invention and should not be regarded as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention to these.

[0076] Example 1.

[0077] A combined equipment suitable for granulation and / or pulverization of polymeric materials by grinding, wherein the "combined equipment" is characterized by Example 1-1, or any one or more combinations of Example 1-1 and Examples 1-2 to 1-3:

[0078] Example 1-1. Sub-equipment A, which carries a grinding mechanism, as shown in the attached diagram. Figure 11 Narrative, Figure 11 The "grinding mechanism" carried by A can at least use waste plastic film discarded from waste paper recycling and / or waste agricultural plastic film with a bulk density of ≥0.06kg / L in polymer materials and a coarse sieve passing through a 2-mesh screen as the standard material, as shown in the attached document. Figure 13 The reference image is a black-and-white photograph of waste plastic film discarded from waste paper recycling, with a bulk density of ≥0.06 kg / L, passing through a 2-mesh sieve. If waste agricultural plastic film is selected as the reference material, its black-and-white photograph is similar to... Figure 13 Almost identically, when the "calibrator" enters the slit surface between the moving / stationary grinding discs of the "grinding mechanism" in one go, please refer to the appendix for the "slit surface". Figures 1 to 6 As shown in Figure 3, the ratio of the product of the output W (kg) and the time T (h) to the rated power P (kW) of the motor driving the main shaft of the "grinding mechanism" is: W·T / P ≥ 1.30 kg·h / kW, or more preferably W·T / P ≥ 3.90 kg·h / kW; and the output product obtained from one pass of the "calibration material" contains particles that pass through a 10-mesh sieve to a 20-mesh sieve, and the "particles" are in the shape of silkworm-like strips, as shown in the attached figure. Figure 12 As shown, the aspect ratio of its "particle" strips ranges from 3 / 1 to 15 / 1;

[0079] Example 1-2. (See attached) Figure 11 The device is described as follows: A medium crushing assembly C is installed before A to coarsely crush elastomers and / or plastics in polymer materials to a particle size of 2-40 mesh for classification or mixing; a cleaning / sorting assembly B is installed before C to clean elastomers and / or waste plastics in polymer materials; and a assembly D carrying a magnetic separator, or / and an assembly E carrying an electric field separator, or / and an assembly F containing a color sorter is connected after A.

[0080] Examples 1-3. (See attached) Figure 11 The following is a description of a process: A medium crushing unit C is installed before A to coarsely crush polymer elastomers and / or plastics in the polymer material to a particle size of 2-40 mesh for classification or mixing; a cleaning / sorting unit B is installed before C to clean / sort polymer elastomers and / or waste plastics in the polymer material; a coarse crushing unit G is connected before B; a unit D carrying a magnetic separator, or / and a unit E carrying an electric field separator, or / and a unit F containing a color sorter are connected after A; or / and a unit D carrying a magnetic separator is connected after C and before A, or / and a unit E carrying an electric field separator, or / and a unit F containing a color sorter are connected.

[0081] The “connection” mentioned in 1-2 / 1-3 above specifically refers to the provision of a material conveying mechanism; the “conveying mechanism” refers to any one or a combination of screw conveyors, tubular chain conveyors, belt conveyors, pneumatic conveyors, vibratory conveyors, and overhead crane conveyors.

[0082] Example 2.

[0083] The "grinding mechanism" described in Example 1 can be constructed using an improved screw-grinding disc coupling mechanism, integrated into a room-temperature grinding disc type fine crusher. Specifically, the room-temperature grinding disc type fine crusher uses a single screw capable of preventing material from sticking to the screw and achieving efficient feeding to the grinding disc, which is coupled with the rotating grinding disc. The "efficient feeding single screw" is characterized by being either a single screw or two screws connected in series, each having a continuous, axially extending spiral tooth starting from a section below the outlet of the grinding hopper. The spiral tooth only needs to rotate 1 to 2 turns around the axis. See Appendix for details. Figure 1 To be continued Figure 6 The nine instructions in the document.

[0084] Example 3.

[0085] The "single screw capable of resisting material clamping and achieving efficient feeding to the grinding disc, which is used in conjunction with the stationary and moving grinding discs of the rotary mill" described in Example 2 may further include the following preferred features 3-1, or any combination of 3-1 and 3-2 to 3-5:

[0086] Example 3-1. A feed screw capable of resisting material sticking and with high efficiency, characterized by:

[0087] As attached Figures 1 to 8 As shown: This single screw 1 is positioned between the outlet 2 of the abrasive bin to be ground and the center or eccentric part of the inlet ring of the intermediate slit surface of the moving / static grinding disc that performs shear grinding of the elastomer / plastic; the axis of this single screw 1 is perpendicular to the intermediate slit plane 3 of the moving / static flat grinding disc, or to the center plane of the flat moving grinding disc or the platform plane 4 of the frustum-cone moving grinding disc; the end 5 or V of this single screw 1 in the direction of material feeding should have a collision buffer gap of not less than 2mm from the center plane of the rotating flat moving grinding disc or the platform plane 4 of the frustum-cone moving grinding disc, based on the calculation of a newly installed grinding disc with zero wear.

[0088] The aforementioned single-screw feeder 1, whose working mechanism in contact with the conveyed elastomer / plastic comprises, in sequence, a feeding section I, a force-applying compression and propulsion section II, a material-resistant rod traveling section III, a rotating blade IV that pushes the material into the narrow slit between the moving and stationary grinding discs, a baffle V that prevents the material from contacting the center of the moving disc, and a water-cooling channel mechanism VI located at the center of the screw and / or in the screw tube jacket layer; the aforementioned combination is configured in combination with I, or I in combination with any one or more of II to VI in sequence, and the improved features of each of the “I” to “VI” and the “sequential combination” are as follows:

[0089] Section I—the feeding section, which is connected after the outlet 2 of the crushing bin of the grinding mill and before the force-applying compression propulsion section II, is characterized in that: the pitch of the single or / and double helical teeth 9 of the feeding section I on the single screw during one revolution should be directly relative to the length a of the outlet 2 of the crushing bin of the grinding mill, that is: the length a of the outlet 2 of the bin ≤ the pitch s of the helical teeth 9 of the feeding section I on the screw during one revolution. I The width b of its outlet 2 is greater than or equal to the inner diameter D of the screw conveyor pipe of the feed section I. I ; or / and: the volume V conveyed by the helical teeth 9 of unit 1 of feed section I, based on one revolution. I The volume V transported by the helical teeth 9 of the first unit of the compression propulsion section II II The ratio is: V I / V II = (1.0~10.0) / 1.0 range; Inner diameter D of the screw conveyor tube in feed section I I ≥Diameter d of the inner wall of the screw conveyor pipe in the compression propulsion section II II ;

[0090] II – Force-applying compression propulsion section, which is connected after feeding section I and before anti-material clamping rod traveling section III, characterized in that: the helical teeth 9 are set in the range of 0.5 to 1 to 1.5 rotations, and the tooth pitch s of the helical teeth 9 is... II ≤Feed section I spiral teeth 9 tooth pitch s I Its spiral teeth have a height of 9 teeth, h. II ≤Feed section I spiral tooth height h 9 teeth I When h II =h I At that time, the inner diameter d of its spiral conveying pipe II Equal to the inner diameter D of the spiral conveyor pipe in feed section I I This situation is as follows (see attached) Figure 1 As shown; when h II <h I At that time, the inner wall of its spiral conveying pipe has a large end diameter D. II / small end diameter d II The frustum-shaped cone has a large-end diameter D. II Connected to the inner wall of pipe D in feed section II Small end diameter d II Connected to the inner wall of the pipe in section III of the anti-material clamping rod III This situation is as follows (see attached) Figure 3 , 4 As shown in Figure 6; or / and: the volume V transported by the helical teeth 9 of unit 1 of the compression propulsion section II, with one revolution of rotation. II The volume V conveyed by the spiral teeth 9 of unit 1 of the feeding section I I The ratio is: V II / V I = 1.0 / (1.0~10.0) range; or satisfy the above V II / V I Under the condition that = 1.0 / (1.0~10.0), the height h of the 9th tooth of the helical tooth II is... II If the value is 0, then there will be no spiral teeth 9. This situation is illustrated in the attached diagram. Figure 2 , 5 As shown in Figure 6;

[0091] III – Anti-material gripping rod traveling section, which is connected after the force-applying compression propulsion section II and before the "rotating blade IV pushing material into the narrow slit between the moving / stationary grinding discs", is characterized by: no helical teeth 9 being provided on the rotating shaft 7 of the feed screw, and: or on the basis of the aforementioned "no helical teeth being provided", a screw shaft with a gradually decreasing diameter is provided, or / and a screw conveying pipe with a gradually increasing diameter is provided; the gradually decreasing diameter includes the screw shaft diameter decreasing by 2mm for every 500mm of screw shaft travel; the gradually increasing diameter includes the conveying pipe inner wall diameter increasing by 2mm for every 500mm of screw conveying pipe travel; or the starting point of the "screw shaft with a gradually decreasing diameter" can be from the connection point between the end of section I and the beginning of section II of the screw shaft;

[0092] IV – The rotating blade that pushes the material into the narrow slit between the moving and stationary grinding discs, which is connected after the "anti-material gripping rod travel section III" and before the "baffle V that prevents material from contacting the center of the moving disc". See Appendix for details. Figure 7 and 8 The feature is that: the rotating blade IV has a vertical pushing working surface that pushes material onto the slit surface between the moving / stationary grinding discs, and the "working surface" is a flat vertical surface or an outwardly curved vertical surface in the pushing direction; the root of the rotating blade IV is connected to the screw shaft 7; the head of the rotating blade IV is close to the inlet of the slit surface between the moving / stationary grinding discs, and the closeness should leave a gap of 1mm; the horizontal height of the "working surface" of the rotating blade IV should be half the height of the edge of the slit inlet between the moving / stationary grinding discs; the number of rotating blades IV is: 1, or any one of 2, 3, or 4 evenly distributed on the screw shaft, with attachments Figure 8 Two settings are shown in the diagram; the rest can be deduced similarly.

[0093] V—A baffle plate to prevent material from contacting the center of the moving disc. It is connected to the rotating blade IV that pushes the material into the narrow slit between the moving and stationary grinding discs and the end of the shaft 5 of the feed screw. The side of the baffle plate facing the moving grinding disc 11 is the end of the feed screw. The baffle plate V is circular. The diameter of the circular baffle plate V should have a gap of 0.5 mm compared with the diameter of the inlet ring of the moving grinding disc 11, or a gap of 0.5 mm compared with the diameter of the disc-shaped concave ring at the center of the moving grinding disc 11. The thickness of the circular baffle plate V should be 3 mm. The buffer gap between the side of the baffle plate V facing the moving grinding disc 11, which is the end face of the feed screw, and the disc-shaped concave ring at the center of the moving grinding disc should be 2 mm.

[0094] VI—A water-cooling channel mechanism for the screw center and / or the screw tube jacket layer, characterized in that: the water-cooling channel mechanism for the screw center involves connecting a thin inlet pipe to the inlet of a known rotary joint and installing it at the screw center, while the return water between the screw center and the thin inlet pipe is discharged through the outlet of the rotary joint. See Appendix. Figure 1 ; or / and: Connecting the known inlet / outlet water valve to the water cooling channel of the screw tube jacket layer is common knowledge, and the attached diagram is omitted;

[0095] Example 3-2. (See attached) Figures 1 to 4 As shown, the "feed screw 1 capable of resisting material clamping" described in Example 3-1 is horizontally set on a grinding mill for elastic materials / plastics with a flat grinding surface or a frustum-cone-ring surface on a horizontally lying moving / static grinding disc.

[0096] Example 3-3. (See attached) Figures 5 to 6 As shown, the "feed screw capable of resisting material clamping" described in Example 3-1 is set perpendicular to the ground on a fine crusher for elastic materials / plastics with a flat or frustum-conical annular grinding surface on a sitting moving / static grinding disc.

[0097] Example 3-4. (See attached) Figure 9 As shown, after the "normal temperature grinding disc type crushing mill group" 19 described in Example 3-2 or Example 3-3, the exhaust pipe 21 after the cyclone separator 20 for collecting materials is then provided with an electric discharge smoke extinguisher 22, or an electric discharge smoke extinguisher 22 and a bag filter 23 and / or a condenser 24 for collecting smoke and dust; the exhaust gas that has been smoke-extinguished, or has been smoke-extinguished and cooled to room temperature, is drawn into the environment by a fan 25.

[0098] Example 3-5. (See attached) Figure 9 As shown, the "exhaust gas that eliminates smoke and cools to room temperature" described in Examples 3-4 is connected by a duct 26 to the material inlet 27 after the moving grinding disc 11 / stationary grinding disc 10 of the "normal temperature grinding disc type crushing mill group" 19 described in Example 2.

[0099] The aforementioned "normal temperature disc mill crusher group" 19, in addition to including the aforementioned numbers 1 to 18 and I to VI, also includes a material inlet 27. This material inlet 27, although not... Figures 1 to 8 As described, it is a component of a normal-temperature disc mill. Additionally, as shown in the attached document... Figure 9 The contents shown all fall under the category of sub-assembly device A.

[0100] Examples of the specific usage effects of this embodiment 3 compared to Chinese patent CN102211049B are shown in the table below:

[0101]

[0102]

[0103]

[0104] Example 4.

[0105] As described in Example 2, the "high-efficiency feeding single screw" has a continuous single-axis spiral tooth starting from the section below the outlet of the crushing bin, and the amount of the spiral tooth around the axis only needs to be in the range of 1 to 2 turns; wherein the "range of 1 to 2 turns" includes 0.5 to 2.4 turns according to the "rounding" rule.

[0106] Example 5.

[0107] The "combined sub-equipment A" as described in Embodiment 1 is further characterized in that: within the combined sub-equipment A, a group of unit mechanical devices carrying the "grinding mechanism" as described in Embodiment 1 is provided—such as... Figure 9 Or, as described in 10, 19—a group of ambient temperature grinding disc crushers; the “group” includes a unit machine carrying a “grinding mechanism”; or one or more of the aforementioned “unit machines” are arranged in parallel or / and series connection; or, in the “series connection” arrangement, each group of “unit machines” connected in series has a maximum of three units.

[0108] Example 6.

[0109] The "combined sub-equipment A" as described in Example 1 is further characterized by: Figure 10 As shown, in A, a unit mechanical device carrying a "grinding mechanism" as described in Example 1 is added, that is, as Figure 10 As shown in Figure 19, the ambient temperature disc mill crusher group has a configuration that enables it to operate more efficiently. This configuration is selected from any one or more combinations of the following:

[0110] Example 6-1. Before the unit mechanical device carrying the "grinding mechanism", in a lower-level sense, such as... Figure 10Before the ambient temperature grinding disc crusher group 19, there is an upper auxiliary equipment 28 for batching or a storage silo 29;

[0111] Example 6-2. Following the unit mechanical device carrying the "grinding mechanism", the lower-level description is as follows: Figure 10 After the ambient temperature grinding disc type fine crusher group 19, there is a cyclone separator 20 and a smoke removal device 30; the "smoke removal device 30" includes, but is not limited to, the discharge smoke remover 22 or / and bag dust collector 23 mentioned in Examples 3-4 of Embodiment 3.

[0112] Example 6-3. Following the unit mechanical device carrying the "grinding mechanism", the lower-level description is as follows: Figure 10 After the ambient temperature grinding disc type fine crusher group 19, a screening and / or air classification device 31 is installed for the material discharged from the grinding disc type fine crusher.

[0113] Example 6-4. On the combined sub-equipment A, such as Figure 10 As shown, an automated control circuit system 32 is provided.

[0114] The "combined sub-equipment A" described in Example 6 is as follows: Figure 10 As shown; and combined equipment containing A, such as Figure 11 As shown, all of them can be independent products.

[0115] Example 7.

[0116] The purpose of the "combined equipment" described in Example 1 is to obtain any or more combinations including Examples 7-1 to 7-3 as follows:

[0117] Example 7-1. A method for processing waste plastics and / or waste thermoplastic elastomers in polymer materials into mixed or graded particles with any or more sieve mesh sizes ranging from 10 mesh to no more than 20 mesh, wherein the "particles" are strip-shaped like silkworm embryos; the "particles" are as shown in the attached... Figure 12 As shown;

[0118] The term "waste plastic" refers to any one or more combinations of the following:

[0119] The waste plastic film residue discarded from waste paper recycling includes floating plastic-containing matter and / or sinking plastic-containing matter obtained by water flotation of the aforementioned "waste plastic film residue"; waste foam plastics, polymer fibers containing impurities separated from waste tires through crushing; waste agricultural plastic film, waste wire plastic sheathing, waste plastic packaging tape, waste plastic woven bags, waste / used plastic shoes, waste plastic flooring products, waste plastic toys, waste plastic buckets, waste plastic bottles, waste plastic geotextiles, waste / used plastic lawns, waste miscellaneous plastic building materials, waste plastic pipes, waste plastic boards, waste plastic stationery, waste chemical fiber carpets, waste chemical fiber fabrics, waste plastic boxes / bags, and waste plastic miscellaneous items;

[0120] The term "waste thermoplastic elastomer" refers to any one or more combinations of the following:

[0121] Waste cable sheaths, waste polyurethane shoe soles, discarded polyurethane flooring products, discarded sealing strips for automobile doors and windows, and waste scraps from thermoplastic footwear products discarded by the footwear industry;

[0122] Example 7-2. A process can be used to process "mixtures or composites of waste plastics and / or waste thermoplastic elastomers with vulcanized rubber, mixtures of waste plastics and / or waste thermoplastic elastomers with rubber / plastic auxiliary powders, mixtures or composites of plastics and / or thermoplastic elastomers with vulcanized rubber, mixtures of plastics and / or thermoplastic elastomers with rubber / plastic auxiliary powders" from polymer materials into mixed or graded particles with any or more sieve mesh sizes ranging from 10 mesh to no more than 20 mesh, wherein the "particles" are in the shape of silkworm tails; the "particles" are also as shown in the attached... Figure 12 As shown;

[0123] Example 7-3. Waste vulcanized rubber in polymer materials can be processed into fine rubber powder with a particle size of any or more sieve sizes ranging from 40 mesh to no more than 100 mesh, which can be mixed or classified; for specific examples, please refer to the last summary paragraph 1 in the appendix of Example 3;

[0124] Example 7-4. A mixture of waste vulcanized rubber from polymer materials, along with carbon black powder from the pyrolysis residue obtained after thermal pyrolysis of waste rubber, can be processed in a single pass to produce an ultrafine rubber powder and carbon black mixture with particle sizes ranging from 100 mesh to no more than 200 mesh.

[0125] Example 8.

[0126] The business model of the "combined equipment" described in technical solution 1 includes any one or more combinations of the following:

[0127] Example 8-1. The equipment manufacturer provides a repurchase guarantee to the equipment lessor, who then provides the equipment to the user through leasing and / or mortgage to help the user reduce the equipment start-up capital for the construction project;

[0128] Example 8-2. For enterprises that discharge large tonnages of waste plastic, the enterprise provides a guarantee to the equipment leasing company for the waste plastic film residue treatment and utilization service provider that specializes in waste paper recycling. This allows the waste plastic film residue treatment and utilization service provider to reduce the equipment start-up capital for the service project.

[0129] Example 8-3. A supplier of combined equipment invests in and extends its business to establish a franchise chain of enterprises that produce polymer composites or / and compositions using the milling method. At the same time, it provides repurchase guarantees to equipment leasing companies, which then provide equipment to users—the brand franchise enterprises—through leasing or / and mortgages. This helps new franchisees reduce the start-up capital for the equipment involved in their projects.

[0130] As described in Examples 1 to 8 above, the beneficial effects of this invention due to the adoption of this technical solution are: using a combination of equipment equipped with an improved "grinding mechanism" to grind and process plastics, rubber, etc. in polymer materials, and process them into granules or powders; the "improved 'grinding mechanism'" is selected from polymer materials that cannot be granulated in known machinery with grinding mechanisms, such as waste plastic film discarded from waste paper recycling and / or waste agricultural plastic film that has passed through a 2-mesh sieve, as the standard material, and its bulk density is ≥0.06kg / L; When the "calibrated material" is fed into the "grinding mechanism" in one go, the resulting output product contains at least particles that pass through a 10-mesh sieve to a 20-mesh sieve. The "particles" are in the shape of silkworm-like strips. The ratio of the product of the output W (kg) and the time T (h) to the rated power P (kW) of the motor that drives the main shaft of the "grinding mechanism" is: W·T / P ≥ 1.30 kg·h / kW, or preferably W·T / P ≥ 3.90 kg·h / kW, or even better W·T / P ≥ 8.44 kg·h / kW. The "improved grinding mechanism" specifically refers to the following: Based on eliminating the ineffective friction caused by heat generation between the feed screw end and the central wall of the moving grinding disc in a fine crusher equipped with a grinding mechanism, the screw's anti-material sticking properties are improved, and the feeding speed of low-bulk-density materials is increased. Therefore, it can smoothly and quickly pass through the grinding disc of the grinding mechanism in less than one second, pulverizing and homogenizing low-bulk-density and easily sticking film / strip-shaped plastics and thermoplastic elastomers, achieving fine pulverization and homogenization. Alternatively, it can further condense thermoplastic materials after passing through the machine, resulting in non-linear, silkworm-like granular strips. The combined equipment provided by this invention, along with the... Compared with existing combined equipment, this invention not only avoids the defects of existing hot melt extrusion methods, such as scorching, smoking, and degradation of waste plastics and thermoplastic elastomers after prolonged heating, but also avoids problems such as screen blockage or visible large particles of impurities on the surface of the finished product when mixed waste plastics are hot-extruded after only hot melt recycling. It is also worth mentioning that the material collection duct of the ambient temperature grinding disc type elastomer grinding and crushing mill equipped with the "grinding mechanism" of this invention can easily remove the fumes that often occur during operation.

[0131] The combined equipment equipped with the "grinding mechanism" proposed in this invention can address the characteristics of waste plastics (especially composite films and leather recycling materials composed of mixed waste plastics and paper, cloth, aluminum foil, etc., which contain plastics with large melting temperature differences and large particles, long fibrous infusible impurities). It can pre-mix rubber and plastic powder fillers with crushing and other properties, which not only process large particles and long fibrous infusible impurities into small particles and short, loose fibrous infusible non-clogging materials, but also make the powder of the thermosetting elastomer that has been finely ground even finer. Furthermore, the mixed powder filler can fill the gaps in the crystal lattice of the elastomer and / or plastic polymer materials, making the material exiting the "grinding mechanism" more homogeneous. After the material is finely ground and homogenized by the "grinding mechanism," it will no longer have the defect of clogging the mesh when subsequently hot-melt extruded into finished products. The rubber and plastic powder filler can be one or more of carbon black, silica, clay, kaolin, calcium carbonate, wood flour, etc.

[0132] By using the combined equipment equipped with the "grinding mechanism" proposed in this invention, the material entering the "grinding mechanism" can be allowed to contain an appropriate amount of water. This not only allows the temperature rise of the material processed by the "grinding mechanism" to be controlled at around 100°C, but also allows the frictional heat carried by the material exiting the "grinding mechanism" to be used to evaporate the water. This reduces or avoids the current practice of thoroughly drying the waste plastics after washing and centrifugation, thus saving energy and operating costs.

[0133] Using a combination of equipment equipped with the "grinding mechanism" proposed in this invention, thermosetting elastomers and waste plastics and / or thermoplastic elastomers can be ground together into fine powder. In the instant the material passes through the grinding disc, the thermosetting elastomers are transformed into primary particles at least finer than 60 mesh, and the plastics and thermoplastic elastomers are transformed into granules containing many primary particles of thermosetting elastomers, etc., thus forming microscopic rubber-plastic composite powder / granules that resemble sesame seeds (wherein: the sesame-like phase is 60-200 mesh thermosetting elastomer primary particles, and the sugar-like phase is plastics and thermoplastic elastomers; of the 60-200 mesh primary particles, those finer than 100 mesh generally account for 70%, and the sesame-like composite powder particles are generally controlled to be coarse enough to pass through a sieve of about 3 mesh).

[0134] The high-voltage electrostatic field separator, originally used for crushing and separating waste electrical circuit boards, is incorporated into the combined equipment described in this invention. This equipment is used in processes where composite membrane materials, such as waste plastics and non-magnetic metals, are first granulated by a grinding mechanism. Because the grinding mechanism separates the polymer composite membrane materials containing non-magnetic metals such as aluminum into flake-shaped / dense non-magnetic metal particles and silkworm-like strip-shaped polymer plastic / thermoplastic elastomer particles after passing through the high-voltage electrostatic field separator, this process yields particles that are flaky sand particles / dense non-magnetic metal particles and particles that are silkworm-like strip-shaped polymer plastic / thermoplastic elastomer particles. This method has better market applications than the light, bubble-like non-magnetic metal membrane fragments separated from waste plastic composite membranes by acid separation processes. The separation process is also more energy-efficient, water-efficient, and labor-saving than acid separation, and it does not discharge waste acid or waste gas. Alternatively, by incorporating an intelligent color sorter into the combined equipment described in this invention, various impurities that were originally compatible with or difficult to sort from polymer materials such as mixed plastics after being processed by the grinding mechanism can be easily separated by the intelligent color sorter into a simple, color-different particle-to-particle mixture with the newly generated silkworm-like strip-shaped particles.

[0135] The "mesh" used in this invention for sieve holes / filters and particle sieving complies with the Chinese standard GB / T 5330-2003, "Industrial Metal Wire Woven Square Hole Screens".

[0136] For any of the numbers in the accompanying drawings not mentioned in the above embodiments, please refer back to paragraph

[0074] for the "..." Figures 1 to 11 Explanation of the numbering in the document.

[0137] Of course, those skilled in the art will also make many modifications and improvements to the technical solution of the present invention, but these equivalent changes and modifications that do not break through the overall framework of the technical solution of the present invention, and finally obtain the combined equipment described in the technical solution of the present invention, should all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A combined equipment suitable for granulating or / and pulverizing high molecular material by milling method, characterized by the combination of 1-1 and 1-2 or / and 1-3: 1-1. A combined sub-equipment A carrying a milling mechanism, said milling mechanism, with a reference material of waste plastic film or / and waste agricultural plastic film, which is discarded by waste paper recycling, with a bulk density in the high molecular material ≥0.06 kg / L, and is coarsely crushed to pass through a 2 mesh sieve, when said reference material is once fed into the middle gap of the dynamic / static milling disc of the milling mechanism, the ratio of the product output W unit kg and time T unit h to the motor rated power P unit kw of the main shaft driving the milling mechanism is: W·T / P≥1.30 kg·h / kw; and the product obtained by the reference material once passing through the milling mechanism contains particles passing through a 10 mesh sieve to not more than a 20 mesh sieve, said particles are in the form of caterpillar-shaped strips, and the length-diameter ratio of the strips is in the range of 3 / 1 to 15 / 1; 1-2. A medium crushing combined sub-device C is arranged before A for particle size grading or mixing of elastomers or / and plastics in the high molecular material to any sieve mesh of 2-40, and a cleaning / selection combined sub-device B is arranged before C for elastomers or / and waste plastics in the high molecular material; a combined sub-device D carrying a magnetic separator is connected after A, or / and a combined sub-device E carrying an electric field separator is connected, or / and a combined sub-device F containing a color sorter is connected; 1-3. A medium crushing combined sub-device C is arranged before A for particle size grading or mixing of high molecular elastomers or / and plastics in the high molecular material to any sieve mesh of 2-40, and a cleaning / selection combined sub-device B is arranged before C for high molecular elastomers or / and waste plastics in the high molecular material; a coarse crushing combined sub-device G is connected before B; a combined sub-device D carrying a magnetic separator is connected after A, or / and a combined sub-device E carrying an electric field separator is connected, or / and a combined sub-device F containing a color sorter is connected; or / and a combined sub-device D carrying a magnetic separator is connected after C and before A, or / and a combined sub-device E carrying an electric field separator is connected, or / and a combined sub-device F containing a color sorter is connected; The connection as mentioned above, in particular the arrangement of a material conveying mechanism; said conveying mechanism refers to any one or a combination of more than one of screw conveying, pipe chain conveying, belt conveying, air flow conveying, vibration conveying, and crane conveying.

2. The combined equipment of claim 1, wherein the milling mechanism in item 1-1 of claim 1, when the reference material of claim 1 is once fed into the milling mechanism, the ratio of the product output W unit kg and time T unit h to the motor rated power P unit kw of the main shaft driving the milling mechanism is: W·T / P≥8.44 kg·h / kw; and the product obtained by the reference material once passing through the milling mechanism contains particles passing through a 10 mesh sieve to not more than a 20 mesh sieve, said particles are in the form of caterpillar-shaped strips, and the length-diameter ratio of the strips is in the range of 3 / 1 to 15 / 1. ​ ​ ​ ​ 3. The combination equipment of claim 1, wherein the grinding mechanism of claim 1-1 is composed of a normal temperature grinding disc type grinding fine crusher with an improved screw rod and grinding disc matching mechanism, and the specific features are: the normal temperature grinding disc type grinding fine crusher is matched with a single screw rod which can resist material holding and realize high efficiency feeding of the grinding disc. Single or two in series, from the mill to be milled material bin outlet, a section of the continuous spiral spiral tooth, spiral tooth around the axis of the amount only need to be in the 1 to 2 turns range.

4. The combination equipment of claim 3, wherein the single screw involved in claim 3 to resist material clamping to achieve high efficiency feeding of the grinding disc, in cooperation with the rotating grinding static grinding disc and the dynamic grinding disc, further comprises the following 4-1, or any one or more of 4-2 to 4-5 in combination: 4-1. A material resistant pole and efficient feed screw characterized by: The feeding screw is arranged between the feeding bin outlet and the center of the gap face inlet ring between the dynamic / stationary grinding disc which implements the grinding shear force to finely crush elastomers / plastics; the center line of the feeding screw is perpendicular to the middle gap plane of the dynamic / stationary flat grinding disc, or to the table plane of the dynamic / stationary cone grinding disc; the most end of the feeding screw in the feeding direction, according to the new grinding disc with zero grinding disc wear, should leave a buffer gap of not less than 2mm from the center or eccentricity of the rotating dynamic grinding disc; The feeding screw, which contacts the working mechanism for conveying elastomers / plastics, is sequentially composed of: a feeding section I, a force compression and propulsion section II, a material clamping resistance travel section III, a rotating blade IV for pushing the material into the middle gap of the dynamic / stationary grinding disc, a baffle V for preventing the material from contacting the center of the dynamic disc, and a water cooling channel mechanism VI arranged in the center of the screw or / and the screw pipe jacket layer; the combination is arranged in sequence with I, or I and any one or more of II to VI in sequence, and the I to VI and the sequential combination each have the following improved features: I—The feeding section, which is connected after the feed hopper outlet and before the force-applying compression propulsion section, is characterized in that: the pitch of the single helical tooth on the single screw of the feeding section in one revolution should be directly proportional to the length of the feed hopper outlet, that is: the length of the hopper outlet a ≤ the pitch s of the helical tooth on the feed section screw in one revolution. I The width b of its outlet is greater than or equal to the inner diameter D of the screw conveyor pipe in the feed section. I ; or / and: the volume V conveyed by the helical teeth of one unit of feed section I, based on one revolution. I The volume V transported by the helical teeth of Unit 1 of the compression propulsion section II II The ratio is: V I / V II = (1~10) / 1 range; Feed section I screw conveyor inner wall diameter DI ≥ Force compression propulsion section II screw conveyor inner wall diameter d II ; II – Force-applying compression propulsion section, which is connected after the feeding section and before the anti-material clamping rod traveling section, characterized in that: the helical teeth are set in the range of 0.5 to 1.5 rotations, and the helical tooth pitch s II ≤Feed section helical tooth pitch s I Its helical tooth height h II ≤ Height of the spiral teeth in the feed section h I When h II =h I At that time, the inner diameter d of its spiral conveying pipe II Equal to the inner diameter D of the screw conveyor pipe in the feeding section I When h II <h I At that time, the inner wall of its spiral conveying pipe has a large end diameter D. II / small end diameter d II The frustum-shaped cone has a large-end diameter D. II D, connected to the inner wall of the feed section I Small end diameter d II Connected to the inner wall of the pipe in section III of the anti-material clamping rod III ; or / and: the volume V transported by the helical teeth of unit 1 of the compression propulsion section II, based on one revolution of rotation. II The volume V conveyed by the helical teeth of unit 1 of the feed section I I The ratio is: V II / V I = 1 / (1~10) range; or satisfy the above V II / V I Under the condition that = 1 / (1~10) range, the helical tooth height h of II II A value of 0 indicates the absence of spiral teeth. III - the material clamping resistance travel section, which is connected after the force compression and propulsion section and before the rotating blade for pushing the material into the middle gap of the dynamic / stationary grinding disc, is characterized in that: no spiral tooth is arranged on the screw shaft, and: or on the basis of not arranging the spiral tooth, a gradually decreasing diameter screw shaft or / and a gradually increasing diameter screw conveying pipe inner wall is further arranged; the gradually decreasing diameter includes a decrease of 2mm in screw shaft diameter per 500mm of screw shaft travel; the gradually increasing diameter includes an increase of 2mm in conveying pipe inner wall diameter per 500mm of screw conveying pipe travel; or the gradually decreasing diameter screw shaft is arranged starting from the connection point between the end of I and the beginning of II of the screw shaft; IV - the rotating blade for pushing the material into the middle gap of the dynamic / stationary grinding disc, which is connected after the material clamping resistance travel section and before the baffle for preventing the material from contacting the center of the dynamic disc, is characterized in that: the rotating blade has a vertical pushing material working surface for rotating and pushing the material into the middle gap face of the dynamic / stationary grinding disc, the working surface is a flat vertical surface or an outwardly curved protruding surface in the pushing direction; the root of the rotating blade is connected to the screw shaft; the head of the rotating blade is close to the inlet of the middle gap face of the dynamic / stationary grinding disc, and a gap of 1mm should be left; the vertical height of the working surface of the rotating blade should be half of the height of the inlet edge of the middle gap of the dynamic / stationary grinding disc; the number of rotating blades arranged is 1, or any one of 2, 3, 4 uniformly distributed on the screw shaft; V. A baffle member for preventing the material from contacting the center of the dynamic disc, which is connected to the rotating blade after the middle gap of the material pushing into the dynamic / stationary grinding disc, and the surface of the baffle member facing the dynamic grinding disc is the end of the material feeding screw. The baffle member is circular, and the diameter of the circular baffle member should have a gap of 0.5 mm compared with the diameter of the inlet ring of the dynamic grinding disc, or a gap of 0.5 mm compared with the diameter of the concave ring of the circular cake in the center of the dynamic grinding disc. The thickness of the circular baffle member should be 3 mm. The buffer gap between the surface of the baffle member facing the dynamic grinding disc and the concave ring of the circular cake in the center of the dynamic grinding disc should be 2 mm. VI. A water cooling channel mechanism for the center of the screw or / and the jacket layer of the screw pipe. The water cooling channel mechanism for the center of the screw is a thin water inlet pipe connected to the water inlet of the rotating joint and arranged in the center of the screw, and the return water between the center of the screw and the thin water inlet pipe is discharged through the water outlet of the rotating joint. Or / and, the water inlet / outlet valve is connected to the water cooling channel of the jacket layer of the screw pipe. 4-2. The material feeding screw of 4-1 is horizontally arranged on the grinding surface of the dynamic / stationary grinding disc of the elastic body / plastic grinding and fine crushing machine with a flat surface or a circular conical ring surface. 4-3. The material feeding screw of 4-1 is vertically arranged on the grinding surface of the dynamic / stationary grinding disc of the elastic body / plastic grinding and fine crushing machine with a flat surface or a circular conical ring surface. 4-4. After the grinding and fine crushing machine of 4-2 or 4-3, a discharge smoke eliminator, a discharge smoke eliminator and a bag dust collector for collecting smoke dust, or / and a condenser are arranged in the exhaust pipeline after the cyclone separator for collecting materials. The tail gas that has been smoked or has been smoked and cooled to room temperature is discharged from the fan to the environment. 4-5. The tail gas that has been smoked and cooled to room temperature of 4-4 is connected to the material inlet of the dynamic / stationary grinding disc of the normal temperature grinding disc type grinding and fine crushing machine through the air duct.

5. The combined equipment of claim 3, wherein the single screw of claim 3 is provided with a continuous helical tooth from the outlet of the material bin, and the helical tooth has a winding amount of 0.5 to 2.4 turns.

6. The combination apparatus of claim 1, wherein the combination sub-apparatus A involved in the 1-1 item in claim 1 is further characterized by: In the combined sub-equipment A, a group of unit machines carrying the grinding mechanism of claim 1 is provided. The group is provided with one unit machine carrying the grinding mechanism, or more than one unit machine is arranged in parallel or / and in series. In the series arrangement, the number of unit machines in each series is not more than three.

7. The combination apparatus of claim 1, wherein the combination sub-apparatus A of the 1-1 item in claim 1 is further characterized by: In A, the following settings are additionally provided to make the unit machine carrying the grinding mechanism of claim 1 more perfect: the settings are selected from any one or more of the following combinations: 7-1. An auxiliary equipment for batching is arranged before the unit machine carrying the grinding mechanism; 7-2. A cyclone material collecting and smoke removing device is arranged after the unit machine carrying the grinding mechanism; 7-3. A screening or / and air classification device for the material discharged from the grinding and fine crushing machine is arranged after the unit machine carrying the grinding mechanism; 7-4. An automatic control circuit system is arranged on the combined sub-equipment A.

8. The combination equipment as claimed in claim 1, wherein the combination equipment involving the combination of claim 1-1 with claim 1-2 or / and claim 1-3 can be independent products.

9. The use of the combination equipment as claimed in claim 1 is to obtain a combination comprising any one or more of the following 9-1 to 9-3: 9-1. The waste plastic or / and waste thermoplastic elastomer in the polymer material can be processed into particles of any one or more of the mesh size ranges of 10 to 20 mesh sieves, which are mixed or classified particles in the shape of caterpillar-shaped strips; The waste plastic refers to any one or more of the following combinations: waste plastic film residues discarded during waste paper recycling, including water-soluble plastic-containing materials obtained by water flotation of the waste plastic film residues or / and submerged plastic-containing materials; waste foam plastic; polymeric fiber-containing waste separated from waste tires by crushing; waste agricultural plastic film; waste plastic wire sheath; waste plastic packaging tape; waste plastic woven bag; waste / old plastic shoes; waste plastic flooring products; waste plastic toys; waste plastic barrels; waste plastic bottles; waste plastic geotextile; waste / old plastic lawn; waste miscellaneous plastic building materials; waste plastic pipes; waste plastic boards; waste plastic stationery; waste chemical fiber carpet; waste chemical fiber fabric; waste plastic box / packaging; waste plastic miscellaneous parts; The waste thermoplastic elastomer refers to any one or more of the following combinations: waste cable sheath; waste polyurethane shoe sole; discarded polyurethane flooring products; discarded sealing strips for automobile doors and windows; waste edge material of thermoplastic shoe products discarded by shoemakers; 9-2. The mixture or composite of "waste plastic or / and waste thermoplastic elastomer and vulcanized rubber, mixture of waste plastic or / and waste thermoplastic elastomer and auxiliary powder for rubber / plastic, mixture or composite of plastic or / and thermoplastic elastomer and vulcanized rubber, mixture of plastic or / and thermoplastic elastomer and auxiliary powder for rubber / plastic" in the polymer material can be processed into particles of any one or more of the mesh size ranges of 10 to 20 mesh sieves, which are mixed or classified particles in the shape of caterpillar-shaped strips; 9-3. The waste vulcanized rubber in the polymer material can be processed into fine rubber powder of any one or more of the mesh size ranges of 40 to 100 mesh sieves; 9-4. The mixture of waste vulcanized rubber in the polymer material and the pyrolysis residue carbon black powder obtained after pyrolysis of the waste rubber can be processed into ultra-fine rubber powder and carbon black mixture of any one or more of the mesh size ranges of 100 to 200 mesh sieves.

Images