A miniaturized on-load voltage-regulating and capacity-regulating switch and on-load voltage-regulating and capacity-regulating transformer

Abstract

The present invention discloses a miniaturized on-load voltage-regulating and capacity-regulating switch and an on-load voltage-regulating and capacity-regulating transformer, which are characterized by comprising a voltage-regulating switch assembly, a capacity-regulating switch assembly, and a mounting base plate. Both the voltage-regulating switch assembly and the capacity-regulating switch assembly adopt a linear design, and adopt an electromagnetic mechanism and a permanent magnet mechanism to perform switch switching and selective driving, eliminating a spring energy storage mechanism with a complex mechanical structure, making the switch structure simple and small in size, improving operational reliability, reducing production costs, and reducing the production cost of producing capacity-regulating and voltage-regulating distribution transformers. The switch adopts a vacuum interrupter for switching during the voltage and capacity regulation process, avoiding the influence of arcing on the performance of the transformer insulating oil due to contact switching, and reducing the maintenance cost brought to users by oil filtering and oil changing.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of transformers, and in particular to a miniaturized on-load voltage and capacity regulating switch and a

[0002] Load regulating transformer. Background Art

[0003] With the continuous development of social economy and the continuous improvement of people's living standards, the quality of power has been increasingly demanded.

[0004] The higher the requirements, the voltage and power loss are the indicators to measure the power quality. The voltage stability of the entire transmission and distribution network is achieved by on-load voltage regulation of transformers at all levels, but the on-load voltage regulation of distribution transformers has not been promoted. Since the existing on-load voltage regulator will generate arcs when switching under power, long-term and frequent arcs affect the performance of insulating oil and require regular maintenance. The existing on-load voltage regulator using vacuum arc extinguishing has a complex mechanical structure, large size and high cost, which is not suitable for a large number of distribution transformers. At the same time, due to the periodic and seasonal changes in load, the capacity of the distribution transformer is selected according to the large capacity, which leads to serious loss of the distribution transformer when the load is small. It is necessary to add a distribution transformer capacity conversion device to convert it to a small capacity operation mode when the load is small or no load, that is, a capacity regulating switch is needed. Therefore, according to the market development needs, a miniaturized on-load voltage regulating and capacity regulating switch using vacuum arc extinguishing is needed to realize the voltage regulation and capacity regulating functions of the distribution transformer. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present invention provides a miniaturized on-load voltage-regulating and capacity-regulating switch and an on-load voltage-regulating and capacity-regulating transformer, which adopts vacuum arc extinguishing to solve the maintenance problem. At the same time, it adopts permanent magnet, electromagnetic drive and linear structure setting, and has a simple structure and small size. When installed in a distribution transformer, it hardly changes the conventional shape and volume of the transformer. While improving reliability, it reduces the production cost of the user's on-load voltage-regulating and capacity-regulating transformer, and is suitable for a large number of distribution transformers.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned invention object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0007] A miniaturized on-load voltage-regulating and capacity-regulating switch, which is used for three-phase transformers to regulate capacity and voltage, and is characterized in that it includes a voltage-regulating switch component, a capacity-regulating switch component, and a mounting base plate;

[0008] The capacitance regulating switch assembly and the voltage regulating switch assembly are both mounted on the mounting base plate;

[0009] The voltage regulating switch assembly includes a voltage regulating drive mechanism, a selection switch assembly, a switching switch assembly, and a transition assembly;

[0010] The voltage regulating driving mechanism includes a permanent magnet mechanism, an electromagnetic mechanism, a permanent magnet operating rod, and an electromagnetic operating rod;

[0011] The selection switch assembly includes a moving contact assembly and a stationary contact assembly;

[0012] The switching switch assembly includes a vacuum interrupter assembly and an insulating mounting seat;

[0013] The capacitance adjustment switch assembly comprises a high-voltage capacitance adjustment drive mechanism, a high-voltage switching switch assembly, a high-voltage selection switch assembly, a low-voltage capacitance adjustment drive mechanism, a low-voltage selection switch assembly, and a metal mounting plate. The high-voltage capacitance adjustment drive mechanism is located on the upper side of the low-voltage capacitance adjustment drive mechanism. The high-voltage switching switch assembly and the high-voltage selection switch assembly are mounted on the metal mounting plate and are located on the upper side of the low-voltage selection switch assembly.

[0014] The high-voltage capacity adjustment driving mechanism mainly includes a high-voltage electromagnetic mechanism;

[0015] The high-voltage switching switch assembly includes a high-voltage vacuum interrupter and a high-voltage disconnect bracket assembly;

[0016] The high-voltage selector switch assembly includes a high-voltage moving contact assembly and a high-voltage static contact assembly;

[0017] The low-voltage capacity-adjusting driving mechanism includes a low-voltage permanent magnet mechanism and a low-voltage linkage mechanism;

[0018] The low-voltage selector switch assembly includes a low-voltage moving contact assembly and a low-voltage stationary contact assembly;

[0019] The electromagnetic mechanism drives the electromagnetic operating lever to move, and the electromagnetic operating lever drives the vacuum interrupter assembly to move, connects or disconnects the corresponding vacuum interrupter in the vacuum interrupter assembly, and completes the switching of the voltage regulating circuit; the permanent magnet mechanism drives the permanent magnet operating lever to move, and the permanent magnet operating lever drives the moving contact assembly to move, drives the moving contact in the moving contact assembly to select the static contact in the static contact assembly to be electrically connected, and completes the selection of the corresponding voltage regulating gear;

[0020] The high-voltage electromagnetic mechanism drives the high-voltage disconnect bracket assembly to move, and the high-voltage disconnect bracket assembly drives the high-voltage vacuum interrupter to move, completing the circuit switching, the low-voltage permanent magnet mechanism drives the low-voltage linkage mechanism to move, and the low-voltage linkage mechanism drives the low-voltage moving contact assembly to move, and the corresponding low-voltage static contact in the low-voltage static contact assembly is selected for electrical connection, and the low-voltage linkage mechanism drives the high-voltage moving contact assembly to move through the linkage rod, and the corresponding high-voltage static contact in the high-voltage static contact assembly is selected for electrical connection, completing the conversion of large and small capacities.

[0021] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the voltage regulating drive mechanism drives the selection switch assembly and the switching switch assembly in a timed manner to complete the conversion of the voltage regulating gear; the high-voltage capacity regulating drive mechanism and the low-voltage capacity regulating drive mechanism drive the high-voltage switching switch assembly, the high-voltage selection switch assembly, and the low-voltage selection switch assembly in a timed manner to complete the conversion of large and small capacities.

[0022] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the permanent magnet mechanism and the electromagnetic mechanism are both fixed to the mounting base plate via their component metal frames, the driving rod of the permanent magnet mechanism is fixedly connected to the permanent magnet operating rod, and the driving rod of the electromagnetic mechanism is fixedly connected to the electromagnetic operating rod.

[0023] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the moving contact assembly includes a moving contact and a moving contact insulating frame, the static contact assembly includes a static contact and a static contact insulating frame, the moving contact is fixed to the permanent magnetic operating rod through the moving contact insulating frame, the static contact is fixed to the mounting base plate through the static contact insulating frame, and the static contacts are located on both sides of the moving contact; the permanent magnetic operating rod drives the moving contact to select the corresponding static contact.

[0024] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, each phase of the vacuum arc chamber assembly includes two vacuum arc chambers, the insulating mounting seat includes a moving contact insulating seat and a static contact insulating seat, the moving contacts of the two vacuum arc chambers are fixed on the same moving contact insulating seat, the moving contact insulating seat is fixed on an electromagnetic operating rod, and the static contacts of the two vacuum arc chambers are fixed on the mounting base through the static contact insulating seat; the electromagnetic operating rod drives the moving contact insulating seat to move, and the moving contact insulating seat drives the moving contact of the vacuum arc chamber to move, thereby controlling the opening and closing of the vacuum arc chamber.

[0025] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the low-voltage linkage mechanism is divided into an upper linkage bracket and a lower linkage bracket, the low-voltage moving contact assembly is installed on the upper linkage bracket and the lower linkage bracket, the low-voltage static contact assembly includes a low-voltage static contact and a static contact integrated seat, the low-voltage static contact is installed on the mounting base plate through the static contact integrated seat, the upper linkage bracket and the lower linkage bracket are respectively located on the upper and lower sides of the low-voltage static contact, the driving rod of the low-voltage permanent magnet mechanism is connected to the upper linkage bracket and the lower linkage bracket, driving them to move and then drive the low-voltage moving contact assembly to move, and the moving contact in the low-voltage moving contact assembly selects the corresponding low-voltage static contact for electrical connection.

[0026] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the high-voltage moving contact assembly includes a high-voltage moving contact and a high-voltage moving contact bracket, and the high-voltage moving contact bracket is connected to the low-voltage linkage mechanism through the linkage rod; the high-voltage static contact assembly includes a high-voltage static contact and a high-voltage static contact bracket, and the high-voltage static contact is installed on the high-voltage static contact bracket, and the low-voltage linkage mechanism drives the high-voltage moving contact bracket to move, and the high-voltage moving contact bracket drives the high-voltage moving contact to select the corresponding high-voltage static contact for electrical connection.

[0027] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the high-voltage disconnecting bracket assembly includes a high-voltage disconnecting movable bracket, a high-voltage disconnecting static support, a disconnecting block, and a connecting block. The moving contact of the high-voltage vacuum arc extinguishing chamber is connected to the high-voltage disconnecting movable bracket through the disconnecting block, and the static contact of the high-voltage vacuum arc extinguishing chamber is connected to the high-voltage disconnecting static support through the connecting block. The high-voltage disconnecting static support is installed and fixed on the metal mounting plate, and the metal mounting plate is fixedly connected to the mounting base plate through mounting studs. The high-voltage electromagnetic mechanism drives the high-voltage disconnecting movable bracket to move, and the high-voltage disconnecting movable bracket drives the moving contact of the high-voltage vacuum arc extinguishing chamber to move, thereby completing the conduction and disconnection of the high-voltage vacuum arc extinguishing chamber.

[0028] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the three-phase switching switch assembly, the selection switch assembly, the high-voltage switching switch assembly, the high-voltage selection switch assembly, and the low-voltage selection switch assembly are all arranged in a straight line on the mounting base plate.

[0029] An on-load voltage-regulating and capacity-regulating transformer, characterized in that it is an on-load voltage-regulating and capacity-regulating transformer using any of the miniaturized on-load voltage-regulating and capacity-regulating switches described above.

[0030] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effect of the present invention is that it adopts electromagnetic mechanism and permanent magnet mechanism to adjust the gear and convert large and small capacities. It has a simple structure and small size (installed in the distribution transformer, it hardly changes the volume and shape of the conventional distribution transformer), improves operation reliability, and reduces the production cost of the user's on-load voltage and capacity regulating transformer. At the same time, it adopts vacuum interrupter for switching during the voltage and capacity regulation process, which avoids the influence of arcing on the performance of the transformer insulating oil due to contact switching, and reduces the maintenance cost brought to the user by oil filtering and oil changing. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a miniaturized on-load voltage-regulating and capacitance-regulating switch of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram A of the overall structure (without the housing) of a miniaturized on-load voltage-regulating and capacitance-regulating switch of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 3This is a schematic diagram B of the overall structure (without the outer shell) of a miniaturized on-load voltage-regulating and capacitance-regulating switch of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of a capacitance regulating switch assembly in a miniaturized on-load voltage regulating capacitance regulating switch of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention. They are selected embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments, and cannot be used to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0036] See also Figures 1 to 4 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure and component structure of a miniaturized on-load voltage-regulating and capacity-regulating switch of the present invention. The miniaturized on-load voltage-regulating and capacity-regulating switch includes a voltage-regulating switch assembly, a capacity-regulating switch assembly, and a mounting base plate 1. The voltage-regulating switch assembly and the capacity-regulating switch assembly are both mounted on the mounting base plate 1. The voltage-regulating switch assembly includes a voltage-regulating drive mechanism 2, a selection switch assembly 3, a switching switch assembly 4, and a transition assembly 50. The voltage-regulating drive mechanism 2 includes a permanent magnet mechanism 2.1 (two), an electromagnetic mechanism 2.2, a permanent magnet joystick 2.3 (two), and an electromagnetic joystick 2.4. Each phase selection switch assembly 3 includes a moving contact assembly 3.1 and a static contact assembly 3.2. Each phase switching switch assembly 4 includes a vacuum arc extinguishing chamber assembly and an insulating mounting seat.

[0037] The moving contact assembly 3.1 includes a moving contact 3.1.1 and a moving contact insulating frame 3.1.2; the static contact assembly 3.2 includes a static contact 3.2.1 and a static contact insulating frame 3.2.2; the moving contact 3.1.1 is fixed to the permanent magnetic operating rod 2.3 through the moving contact insulating frame 3.1.2; the static contact 3.2.1 is fixed to the mounting base plate 1 through the static contact insulating frame 3.2.2; the static contact 3.2.1 is located on both sides of the moving contact 3.1.1; the permanent magnetic mechanism 2.1 and the electromagnetic mechanism 2.2 are both fixed to the mounting base plate 1 through their component metal frames; the driving rod 2.1.1 of the permanent magnetic mechanism 2.1 is fixedly connected to the permanent magnetic operating rod 2.3; the driving rod of the electromagnetic mechanism 2.2 is fixedly connected to the electromagnetic operating rod 2.4.

[0038] Each phase vacuum interrupter assembly includes two vacuum interrupters 4.1.1 and 4.1.2, and the insulating mounting seat includes a moving contact insulating seat 4.2.1 and a stationary contact insulating seat 4.2.2. The moving contacts of the two vacuum interrupters 4.1.1 and 4.1.2 are fixed on the same moving contact insulating seat 4.2.1, and the moving contact insulating seat 4.2.1 is fixed on the electromagnetic operating rod 2.4. The stationary contacts of the two vacuum interrupters 4.1.1 and 4.1.2 are fixed on the mounting base 1 through the stationary contact insulating seat 4.2.2.

[0039] The capacity regulating switch assembly includes a high-voltage capacity regulating drive mechanism 5, a high-voltage switching switch assembly 6, a high-voltage selection switch assembly 7, a low-voltage capacity regulating drive mechanism 8, a low-voltage selection switch assembly 9, and a metal mounting plate 10. The high-voltage capacity regulating drive mechanism 5 mainly includes a high-voltage electromagnetic mechanism 5.1, the high-voltage switching switch assembly 6 includes a high-voltage vacuum interrupter 6.1 and a high-voltage disconnecting bracket assembly 6.2, the high-voltage selection switch assembly 7 includes a high-voltage moving contact assembly 7.1 and a high-voltage static contact assembly 7.2, the low-voltage capacity regulating drive mechanism 8 includes a low-voltage permanent magnet mechanism 8.1 and a low-voltage linkage mechanism 8.2, and the low-voltage selection switch assembly 9 includes a low-voltage moving contact assembly 9.1 and a low-voltage static contact assembly.

[0040] The low-voltage linkage mechanism 8.2 is divided into an upper linkage bracket 8.2.1 and a lower linkage bracket 8.2.2. The low-voltage moving contact assembly 9.1 is installed on the upper linkage bracket 8.2.1 and the lower linkage bracket 8.2.2. The low-voltage static contact assembly includes a low-voltage static contact 9.2.1 and a static contact integrated seat 9.2.2. The low-voltage static contact 9.2.1 is installed on the mounting base 1 through the static contact integrated seat 9.2.2. The upper linkage bracket 8.2.1 and the lower linkage bracket 8.2.2 are respectively located on the upper and lower sides of the low-voltage static contact 9.2.1. The driving rod of the low-voltage permanent magnet mechanism 8.1 is connected to the upper linkage bracket 8.2.1 and the lower linkage bracket 8.2.2.

[0041] The high-voltage moving contact assembly 7.1 includes a high-voltage moving contact 7.1.1 and a high-voltage moving contact bracket 7.1.2. The high-voltage moving contact bracket 7.1.2 is connected to the low-voltage linkage mechanism 8.2 through a connecting rod 11. The high-voltage static contact assembly 7.2 includes a high-voltage static contact 7.2.1 and a high-voltage static contact bracket 7.2.2. The high-voltage static contact 7.2.1 is installed on the high-voltage static contact bracket 7.2.2.

[0042] The high-voltage disconnect bracket assembly 6.2 includes a high-voltage disconnect moving bracket 6.2.1, a high-voltage disconnect static support 6.2.2, a disconnect block 6.2.3, and a connecting block 6.2.4. The moving contact of the high-voltage vacuum interrupter 6.1 is connected to the high-voltage disconnect moving bracket 6.2.1 through the disconnect block 6.2.3, and the static contact of the high-voltage vacuum interrupter 6.1 is connected to the high-voltage disconnect static support 6.2.2 through the connecting block 6.2.4. The high-voltage disconnect static support 6.2.2 is installed and fixed on the metal mounting plate 10, and the metal mounting plate 10 is fixedly connected to the mounting base plate 1 through several fixing studs.

[0043] The electromagnetic mechanism 2.2 drives the electrical operating lever 2.4 through the driving rod, and the electromagnetic operating lever 2.4 drives the moving contact insulating seat 4.2.1 thereon to move, and then drives the two vacuum interrupters 4.1.1 and 4.1.2 to move in sequence, connect or disconnect the corresponding vacuum interrupters 4.1.1 and 4.1.2, and complete the switching of the voltage regulation circuit. The permanent magnet mechanism 2.1 drives the permanent magnet operating lever 2.3 through the driving rod 2.1.1, and the permanent magnet operating lever 2.3 drives the moving contact insulating frame 3.1.2 thereon to move, and the moving contact insulating frame 3.1.2 drives the moving contact 3.1.1 to select the corresponding static contact 3.2.1 for electrical connection, complete the selection of the corresponding voltage regulation gear, and complete the conversion of the voltage regulation gear.

[0044] The high-voltage electromagnetic mechanism 5.1 drives the high-voltage breaking moving bracket 6.2.1 to move, and the high-voltage breaking moving bracket 6.2.1 drives the moving contact of the high-voltage vacuum interrupter 6.1 to move, completing the conduction and disconnection of the high-voltage vacuum interrupter 6.1. The low-voltage permanent magnet mechanism 8.1 drives the low-voltage linkage mechanism 8.2 to move through the driving rod on it, and the low-voltage linkage mechanism 8.2 drives the low-voltage moving contact assembly 9.1 on it to move, and the moving contact in the low-voltage moving contact assembly 9.1 selects the corresponding low-voltage static contact 9.2.1 for electrical connection. At the same time, the low-voltage linkage mechanism 8.2 also drives the high-voltage moving contact bracket 7.1.2 to move through the linkage rod 11, and the high-voltage moving contact bracket 7.1.2 drives the high-voltage moving contact 7.1.1 to select the corresponding high-voltage static contact 7.2.1 for electrical connection, completing the conversion of large and small capacities.

[0045] The principle of the miniaturized on-load voltage-regulating and capacitance-regulating switch of the present invention is to adopt the conventional on-load voltage-regulating principle of changing the number of turns of the high-voltage coil by changing the tap of the high-voltage coil and the capacitance-regulating principle of the star-angle conversion "Y-△" in the technical field, which will not be described in detail here.

[0046] In summary, the miniaturized on-load voltage-adjusting and capacity-adjusting switch of the present invention adopts a linear design scheme as a whole, and the driving mechanism drives the movement of the selection switch component and the switching switch component in a linear manner, which greatly simplifies the mechanical structure of the switch and improves the reliability of the switch; at the same time, all components of the switch are installed on one side of the same base plate, and the spatial position of each component is reasonably compact through linear arrangement and combination, which greatly reduces the size of the switch, reduces the production cost of the switch and the production cost of the user's on-load voltage-adjusting and capacity-adjusting transformer. At the same time, the switch uses a vacuum interrupter to switch the gear, which avoids the influence of the performance of the transformer insulating oil on the arcing caused by the contact switching, reduces the maintenance cost brought to the user by oil filtering and oil changing, and realizes maintenance-free during the life cycle of the switch, which is suitable for a large number of distribution transformers.

[0047] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for technicians in this technical field, several changes and improvements can be made without departing from the technical mechanical action principle and structure of the present invention. These changes and improvements should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A miniaturized on-load voltage-regulating and capacity-regulating switch, used for three-phase transformers to regulate capacity and voltage, characterized in that: Including voltage regulating switch assembly, capacity regulating switch assembly and mounting base plate; The capacitance regulating switch assembly and the voltage regulating switch assembly are both mounted on the mounting base plate; The voltage regulating switch assembly includes a voltage regulating drive mechanism, a selection switch assembly, a switching switch assembly, and a transition assembly; The voltage regulating driving mechanism includes a permanent magnet mechanism, an electromagnetic mechanism, a permanent magnet operating rod, and an electromagnetic operating rod; The selection switch assembly includes a moving contact assembly and a stationary contact assembly; The switching switch assembly includes a vacuum interrupter assembly and an insulating mounting seat; The capacitance adjustment switch assembly comprises a high-voltage capacitance adjustment drive mechanism, a high-voltage switching switch assembly, a high-voltage selection switch assembly, a low-voltage capacitance adjustment drive mechanism, a low-voltage selection switch assembly, and a metal mounting plate. The high-voltage capacitance adjustment drive mechanism is located on the upper side of the low-voltage capacitance adjustment drive mechanism. The high-voltage switching switch assembly and the high-voltage selection switch assembly are mounted on the metal mounting plate and are located on the upper side of the low-voltage selection switch assembly. The high-voltage capacity adjustment driving mechanism mainly includes a high-voltage electromagnetic mechanism; The high-voltage switching switch assembly includes a high-voltage vacuum interrupter and a high-voltage disconnect bracket assembly; The high-voltage selector switch assembly includes a high-voltage moving contact assembly and a high-voltage static contact assembly; The low-voltage capacity-adjusting driving mechanism includes a low-voltage permanent magnet mechanism and a low-voltage linkage mechanism; The low-voltage selector switch assembly includes a low-voltage moving contact assembly and a low-voltage stationary contact assembly; The electromagnetic mechanism drives the electromagnetic operating lever to move, and the electromagnetic operating lever drives the vacuum interrupter assembly to move, connects or disconnects the corresponding vacuum interrupter in the vacuum interrupter assembly, and completes the switching of the voltage regulating circuit; the permanent magnet mechanism drives the permanent magnet operating lever to move, and the permanent magnet operating lever drives the moving contact assembly to move, drives the moving contact in the moving contact assembly to select the static contact in the static contact assembly to be electrically connected, and completes the selection of the corresponding voltage regulating gear; The high-voltage electromagnetic mechanism drives the high-voltage disconnect bracket assembly to move, and the high-voltage disconnect bracket assembly drives the high-voltage vacuum interrupter to move, completing the circuit switching, the low-voltage permanent magnet mechanism drives the low-voltage linkage mechanism to move, and the low-voltage linkage mechanism drives the low-voltage moving contact assembly to move, and the corresponding low-voltage static contact in the low-voltage static contact assembly is selected for electrical connection, and the low-voltage linkage mechanism drives the high-voltage moving contact assembly to move through the linkage rod, and the corresponding high-voltage static contact in the high-voltage static contact assembly is selected for electrical connection, completing the conversion of large and small capacities.

2. A miniaturized on-load voltage-adjusting and capacitance-adjusting switch according to claim 1, characterized in that: The voltage regulating drive mechanism drives the selection switch assembly and the switching switch assembly in a timed manner to complete the conversion of the voltage regulating gear; the high-voltage capacity regulating drive mechanism and the low-voltage capacity regulating drive mechanism drive the high-voltage switching switch assembly, the high-voltage selection switch assembly, and the low-voltage selection switch assembly in a timed manner to complete the conversion of large and small capacities.

3. A miniaturized on-load voltage-adjusting and capacitance-adjusting switch according to claim 1, characterized in that: The permanent magnet mechanism and the electromagnetic mechanism are both fixed to the mounting base plate through their component metal frames. The driving rod of the permanent magnet mechanism is fixedly connected to the permanent magnet operating rod, and the driving rod of the electromagnetic mechanism is fixedly connected to the electromagnetic operating rod.

4. The miniaturized on-load voltage-adjusting and capacitance-adjusting switch according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The moving contact assembly includes a moving contact and a moving contact insulating frame, and the stationary contact assembly includes a stationary contact and a stationary contact insulating frame. The moving contact is fixed to the permanent magnetic operating rod through the moving contact insulating frame, and the stationary contact is fixed to the mounting base plate through the stationary contact insulating frame. The stationary contacts are located on both sides of the moving contact; the permanent magnetic operating rod drives the moving contact to select the corresponding stationary contact.

5. The miniaturized on-load voltage-adjusting and capacitance-adjusting switch according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vacuum interrupter assembly of each phase includes two vacuum interrupters, and the insulating mounting seat includes a moving contact insulating seat and a stationary contact insulating seat. The moving contacts of the two vacuum interrupters are fixed on the same moving contact insulating seat, and the moving contact insulating seat is fixed on an electromagnetic operating rod. The stationary contacts of the two vacuum interrupters are fixed on the mounting base plate through the stationary contact insulating seat; the electromagnetic operating rod drives the moving contact insulating seat to move, and the moving contact insulating seat drives the moving contact of the vacuum interrupter to move, so as to control the opening and closing of the vacuum interrupter.

6. A miniaturized on-load voltage-adjusting and capacitance-adjusting switch according to claim 1, characterized in that: The low-voltage linkage mechanism is divided into an upper linkage bracket and a lower linkage bracket, the low-voltage moving contact assembly is installed on the upper linkage bracket and the lower linkage bracket, the low-voltage static contact assembly includes a low-voltage static contact and a static contact integrated seat, the low-voltage static contact is installed on the mounting base plate through the static contact integrated seat, the upper linkage bracket and the lower linkage bracket are respectively located on the upper and lower sides of the low-voltage static contact, the driving rod of the low-voltage permanent magnet mechanism is connected to the upper linkage bracket and the lower linkage bracket, driving them to move and then drive the low-voltage moving contact assembly to move, and the moving contact in the low-voltage moving contact assembly selects the corresponding low-voltage static contact for electrical connection.

7. A miniaturized on-load voltage-adjusting and capacitance-adjusting switch according to claim 1, characterized in that: The high-voltage moving contact assembly includes a high-voltage moving contact and a high-voltage moving contact bracket, and the high-voltage moving contact bracket is connected to the low-voltage linkage mechanism through the linkage rod; the high-voltage static contact assembly includes a high-voltage static contact and a high-voltage static contact bracket, and the high-voltage static contact is installed on the high-voltage static contact bracket, and the low-voltage linkage mechanism drives the high-voltage moving contact bracket to move, and the high-voltage moving contact bracket drives the high-voltage moving contact to select the corresponding high-voltage static contact for electrical connection.

8. The miniaturized on-load voltage-adjusting and capacitance-adjusting switch according to claim 1, characterized in that: The high-voltage disconnecting bracket assembly includes a high-voltage disconnecting movable bracket, a high-voltage disconnecting static support, a disconnecting block, and a connecting block. The moving contact of the high-voltage vacuum interrupter is connected to the high-voltage disconnecting movable bracket through the disconnecting block, and the static contact of the high-voltage vacuum interrupter is connected to the high-voltage disconnecting static support through the connecting block. The high-voltage disconnecting static support is installed and fixed on the metal mounting plate, and the metal mounting plate is fixedly connected to the mounting base plate through mounting studs. The high-voltage electromagnetic mechanism drives the high-voltage disconnecting movable bracket to move, and the high-voltage disconnecting movable bracket drives the moving contact of the high-voltage vacuum interrupter to move, thereby completing the conduction and disconnection of the high-voltage vacuum interrupter.

9. The miniaturized on-load voltage-adjusting and capacitance-adjusting switch according to claim 1, characterized in that: The three-phase switching switch assembly, the selection switch assembly, the high-voltage switching switch assembly, the high-voltage selection switch assembly, and the low-voltage selection switch assembly are all arranged in a straight line on the mounting base plate.

10. An on-load voltage-adjusting and capacity-adjusting transformer, characterized in that: An on-load voltage-regulating and capacity-regulating transformer using the miniaturized on-load voltage-regulating and capacity-regulating switch according to any one of the preceding claims.

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